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Combined fibre-optic sensing and nodal recorders for active-source seismic characterization of mine tailings
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Geophysics.ORCID iD: 0009-0000-0426-6840
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Geophysics.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1241-2988
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Geophysics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5112-2732
Nord Iron, Jagarnasvagen 22, S-77142 Ludvika, Sweden.
2026 (English)In: Discover Applied Sciences, E-ISSN 3004-9261, Vol. 8, no 8, article id 914Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

As the mining industry shifts toward more responsible and lower-impact practices, mine tailings are increasingly regarded as a secondary resource that can be sourced into the raw-material supply chain. However, limited knowledge of subsurface geometry at many historical tailings sites leads to uncertainties in volume and resource estimates. High-resolution seismic imaging can provide improved characterization of such sites. Here, we present the results of a seismic survey conducted in 2024 on tailings at Bl & ouml;tberget in central Sweden. The data were acquired using a combined, partly collocated setup consisting of a sparse 3D nodal array, a landstreamer and distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) systems. The objective was to characterize the tailings and to optimize the acquisition and processing strategies for our application. Through 2D reflection seismic imaging, layer-based refraction travel-time modelling and travel-time tomography, we obtain well-constrained P-wave velocities for the tailings on the order of 300-350 m/s. Additional 3D travel-time modelling yielded volumetric estimates, from which we estimate a total tailings tonnage of approximately 4 Mt. Finally, we demonstrate that surface DAS can serve as a complementary recording system, capable of delineating the tailings when fibre cable-ground coupling conditions are favourable. The survey serves as a pilot for future mine tailings investigations and related near-surface characterization efforts, and we highlight the benefits of using multi-element seismic recording arrays for such purposes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2026. Vol. 8, no 8, article id 914
Keywords [en]
Mine tailings, Seismic survey, Near-surface site characterization, Distributed acoustic sensing
National Category
Geophysics Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-596215DOI: 10.1007/s42452-026-09337-yISI: 001846289400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105047048852OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-596215DiVA, id: diva2:2095176
Available from: 2026-08-25 Created: 2026-08-25 Last updated: 2026-08-25Bibliographically approved

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