The transition toward low-carbon energy systems necessitates the rapid and large-scale deployment of renewable energy technologies, with solar photovoltaics (PV) playing a central role due to declining costs, technological maturity, and global availability [1]. At the same time, agriculture faces increasing pressures from climate change, population growth, and land degradation, leading to intensified competition for land resources. These overlapping challenges have raised concerns regarding land-use conflicts, food security, and rural livelihoods, particularly in regions with limited arable land. Agrivoltaics (AV), also referred to as agrophotovoltaics, offers a potential solution by enabling the co-location of photovoltaic energy generation and agricultural production on the same land [2,3]. This dual-use approach departs from conventional land-use paradigms that treat energy and agriculture as mutually exclusive. Instead, agrivoltaics introduces a multifunctional framework that seeks to optimize combined land productivity. Over the past decade, increasing academic and industrial interest has generated a growing body of research demonstrating that AV systems can deliver a substantial share of the energy output associated with conventional PV installations while maintaining viable agricultural production [4,5]. In addition to supporting dual outputs, agrivoltaic systems can modify local microclimatic conditions in ways that benefit agricultural performance. Partial shading from PV modules has been shown to reduce soil temperatures, lower evapotranspiration rates, and improve water-use efficiency, particularly in hot and dry environments [6–8]. In certain contexts, these effects can stabilize or even enhance crop yields relative to open-field conditions. Despite these promising outcomes, agrivoltaics remains largely confined to pilot projects and earlystage deployments, concentrated in a limited number of countries [4]. Existing research often focuses on agronomic performance or technological design in isolation, with limited integration of energy systems, economic scalability, and governance considerations. This extended abstract presents a concise synthesis of agrivoltaics research across four interrelated domains: system configurations and energy performance; land-use efficiency and agricultural–energy interactions; techno-economic performance and scalability; and policy, legal, and social constraints. This integrated perspective reframes agrivoltaics as multifunctional energy infrastructure rather than a niche agricultural innovation