This study aims to explore how a sustainable local food system (SLFS) can be developed in Malmö and to identify key barriers and enablers from the perspective of food system actors. The study applies a qualitative embedded single-case study design, based on 12 semi-structured interviews with actors in Malmö’s food system. The result shows that there is no shared definition of “local”, although geographical and supply chain considerations are commonly emphasised. A central finding is that local food is often assumed to be sustainable, which may prevent the recognition of production methods and other broader sustainability aspects. Key barriers identified include fragmented policies, lack of engagement and knowledge, economic constraints, global dependencies and limited local processing capacity. At the same time, several enablers are identified, including increased engagement, public procurement, growing attention to food preparedness and opportunities related to urban farming, land use and agricultural practices. The study concludes that developing an SLFS in Malmö requires a holistic, systems-based approach that integrates production, governance and consumption rather than focusing solely on locality.