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AT2024lhc and AT2024kmq in the landscape of featureless tidal disruption events
Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Astronomy. Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmo Particle Physics (OKC).ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1546-6615
Number of Authors: 422026 (English)In: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, ISSN 0035-8711, E-ISSN 1365-2966, Vol. 549, no 2Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We study AT2024kmq and AT2024lhc, two tidal disruption events (TDEs) with blue featureless spectra associated with high-mass black holes ((Formula presented)). Both events show optical precursors consistent with shock dissipation from stream self-intersection. Their X-ray emission is luminous ((Formula presented)), highly variable (with minimum observed variability time-scales of 1.3 and 4.8 h for factor of ∼3 flux changes), long-lasting (>1 yr), emerging no later than the optical peak, and well characterized by power laws with (Formula presented) (where (Formula presented)). The X-ray properties and radio non-detections support a compact corona ((Formula presented)) producing Comptonized X-ray emission. Using all published featureless TDEs, we find statistically significant bimodality in the distribution of their peak ultraviolet/optical blackbody luminosities and radii. We assemble a comparison TDE sample with early-time X-ray observations with eROSITA, in which we find different (Formula presented) distributions in TDEs with different X-ray spectral evolution properties: low-mass black holes ((Formula presented)) remain soft ((Formula presented)) within (Formula presented) yr, intermediate masses ((Formula presented)) transition from soft to hard at (Formula presented) 1 yr, while high masses ((Formula presented)) are hard ((Formula presented)) from the outset. We interpret this result as evidence that the soft-to-hard state transition in TDEs occurs at the critical threshold of (Formula presented) (similar to X-ray binaries), using the fact that the transition time-scale predicted by simple disc theory scales with black hole mass as (Formula presented).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2026. Vol. 549, no 2
Keywords [en]
accretion, black hole physics, galaxies: nuclei, transients: tidal disruption events
National Category
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-257425DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stag920ISI: 001778582500001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105041127607OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-257425DiVA, id: diva2:2081308
Available from: 2026-06-29 Created: 2026-06-29 Last updated: 2026-06-29Bibliographically approved

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