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Acupuncture in patients undergoing cancer therapy: Their interest and belief in acupuncture is high, but few are using it
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science. Region Västernorrland.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8764-9328
Umeå University; Umeå University Hospital.
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3668-3857
2022 (English)In: Integrative Cancer Therapies, ISSN 1534-7354, E-ISSN 1552-695X, Vol. 21, p. 1-11Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Objectives: Since pre-existing expectations, that is, beliefs, in a treatment may modify outcomes, and acupuncture studies often fail to measure expectations, we wanted to investigate the use of acupuncture, interest, and belief in acupuncture effects among patients undergoing cancer therapy.

Method: A cross-sectional design, where the participants answered a study-specific questionnaire with questions regarding their use of, interest and belief in acupuncture treatment.

Results: A total of 457 patients with cancer (48% men, mean age 65 years) answered the questionnaire. Acupuncture was used by 4 (1%) patients during their cancer therapy, and 368 (83%) expressed an interest in receiving acupuncture. Of the 457 patients, 289 (63%) believed acupuncture to be effective for at least 1 of 17 requested symptoms, most commonly pain (56% of the patients) and muscle tension (40%). They believed acupuncture to be effective for a mean value 3 of the 17 requested symptoms. Women (P < .001), and patients 41 to 65 years (P < .001), expressed a stronger belief in acupuncture effects than others.

Conclusions: Men and older patients expressed weaker beliefs in acupuncture effects than other patients, indicating the importance of collecting expectancy data in future randomized sham-controlled acupuncture studies to be able to treat expectancy as an effect-modifier. The high interest and beliefs in acupuncture effects found also indicate that acupuncture should be available for patients with cancer, for side effects where acupuncture has shown to be effective. In a clinical setting, older men might need more encouragement regarding positive expected outcomes of the acupuncture treatment than younger women.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sage , 2022. Vol. 21, p. 1-11
Keywords [en]
acupuncture therapy; attitudes; cancer survivors; complementary and alternative medicine; expectations; oncology nursing
National Category
Health Sciences
Research subject
Health-Promoting Work
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-38046DOI: 10.1177/15347354221077277ISI: 000765880900001PubMedID: 35212241Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85125358001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-38046DiVA, id: diva2:1642433
Available from: 2022-03-07 Created: 2022-03-07 Last updated: 2025-12-08Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Communication, Treatment Expectations,Beliefs, and Self-Management of Nausea: for Enhanced Quality of Daily and Working Lifeduring Chemotherapy for Cancer
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Communication, Treatment Expectations,Beliefs, and Self-Management of Nausea: for Enhanced Quality of Daily and Working Lifeduring Chemotherapy for Cancer
2026 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Syfte: Att undersöka och beskriva betydelsen av behandlingsförväntningar, tilltro, kommunikation och egenvårdsstrategier gällande illamående under cytostatikabehandling vid cancer. Metod: Studie I var en tvärsnittsstudie av 457 patienter med cancer. Studie II använde randomiserad kontrollerad design och Studie IV en longitudinell design, med 198 patienter under medel- eller högemetogen cytostatikabehandling. I Studie III intervjuades 15 av dessa. Självrapporterade data samlades in via frågeformulär och analyserades med beskrivande och inferentiell statistik. Intervjuerna analyserades med reflexiv tematisk analys. Resultat: Under cancerbehandling trodde 63 % att akupunktur var effektivt, särskilt kvinnor och yngre patienter, medan 1 % hade använt det. Positiv kommunikation om antiemetiska effekter minskade inte illamåendeintensiteten. Patienter som fick positiv kommunikation under ordinarie antiemetisk behandling skattade mer positiva behandlingsförväntningar (79 mm Visuell Analog Skala (VAS) jämfört med andra grupper, 63–74). Förväntan att må illa var kopplad till mer illamående (34 vs. 18 och 11 mm VAS). Patienter med illamående skattade sämre livskvalitet och sämre funktion i dagliga aktiviteter. Egenvård mot illamående användes av 65 %, mest av yngre patienter, främst fysisk aktivitet. Vissa beskrev illamåendet som begränsande, medan andra inte upplevde något illamående eller kunde hantera det. Totalt mådde 54 % inte illa under cytostatikaperioden. Tidigare erfarenheter ansågs mer betydelsefulla än information för att skapa förväntningar. Slutsats: Trots hög tilltro till akupunktur var det få som använde det under cancerbehandling. Positiv kommunikation minskade inte illamående men påverkade behandlingsförväntningar hos patienter som fick ordinarie antiemetisk behandling. De som förväntade sig illamående mådde mer illa. Illamående försämrade livskvalitet och funktion i vardagen. Egenvård användes ofta. Tidigare erfarenheter uppfattades skapa förväntningar.

Abstract [en]

Overall aim: To investigate and describe the significance of treatment expectations, beliefs, communication, and self-management strategies in antiemetic care during chemotherapy for cancer. Methods: Patients with cancer (n=457) were cross-sectionally studied in Study I. Study II used a randomized controlled design, and Study IV a longitudinal design, with 198 patients undergoing moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy. In Study III, 15 of them were interviewed. Questionnaires collected self-reported data, which were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Interviews underwent reflexive thematic analysis. Results: During cancer therapy, 63% believed acupuncture to be effective, especially women and younger patients. Around 1% had used it. Positive communication about antiemetic effects did not reduce nausea intensity. Patients receiving positive communication during standard antiemetic care (SAC) reported more positive treatment expectations (79 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) vs. 63-74 mm in other groups). Expecting nausea was associated with worse nausea intensity (34 vs. 18 and 11 mm VAS). Nauseated patients rated worse quality of life (QoL) and functioning in daily activities. Self-management of nausea was used by 65%, particularly younger patients, with physical activity being most common. Some described nausea as limiting daily life, others experienced no nausea or had found ways to manage it. Overall, 54% did not experience nausea during the chemotherapy period. Previous experiences were viewed as more influential in shaping expectations than information. Conclusion: Despite positive beliefs in acupuncture effects, actual use during cancer therapy was rare. Positive communication did not reduce nausea but affected treatment expectations in patients receiving SAC. Expecting nausea predicted nausea. Nausea impaired QoL and functioning in daily activities. Patients frequently self-managed nausea. Previous experiences were perceived to shape expectations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Gävle: Gävle University Press, 2026. p. 70
Series
Doctoral thesis ; 70
Keywords
communication, treatment expectations, nausea, self-management, cancer, chemotherapy, psychological adaptation, quality of life, activities of daily living, work, kommunikation, behandlingsförväntningar, illamående, egenvård, cancer, cytostatikabehandling, psykologisk anpassning, hälsorelaterad livskvalitet, dagliga aktiviteter, arbete
National Category
Nursing
Research subject
Health-Promoting Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-48941 (URN)978-91-89593-85-5 (ISBN)978-91-89593-86-2 (ISBN)
Public defence
2026-02-13, 33:202, Högskolan i Gävle, 801 76 Gävle, Gävle, 13:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2026-01-23 Created: 2025-12-08 Last updated: 2026-07-02

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