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Impact of fly specific bacteria on fly larvae composting
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences.
2019 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Flugspecifika bakteriers inverkan på fluglarvskompostering (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

About one third of all edible food is wasted globally each year. This calls for improvements in resource and waste management. An interesting solution for organic waste is fly larvae composting, which both produces protein in the form of larvae and a nutrient rich residue. The larvae can be used as animal feed while the residue can be applied as an organic fertilizer, thus recycling the nutrients. Fly larvae composting with the black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, is relatively new, but there is extensive research on how the treatment is affected by different parameters, e.g. temperature, moisture and type of organic waste that is treated. The role of bacteria has only been the topic of a few studies in recent years but has shown promising positive effects on larval growth. This study investigated the impact of bacteria isolated from BSF eggs on fly larvae composting of food waste by BSF larvae. The study was done in two experimental phases. In phase I, groups of three bacteria were added to each treatment together with the larvae and only single treatments were executed; in phase II triplicates of promising groups of three, two or single bacteria were evaluated.

The results of phase I suggested that selected groupings of bacteria could either decrease or increase the bioconversion ratio and in general decrease the reduction ratio of the food waste, while the survival ratio did not seem to be impacted. However, in phase II no significant difference (p<0.05) between the treatments with bacteria and the control were found for any evaluated variables. Interestingly, the variation in resulting bioconversion ratio and reduction ratio (on a VS basis) was found to be reduced when one or more bacteria were present. The coefficient of variation in bioconversion ratio was 9.5% for the control compared to between 2.5% and 6.1% for treatments with bacteria. For the reduction ratio the variation was reduced from 5.6% and to between 0.9% and 4.6% for the bacteria treatments. Hence, seeding with bacteria may improve stability of the process, which is especially interesting when scaling up the process.

Abstract [sv]

Globalt slängs ungefär en tredjedel av all ätbar mat. Därmed finns ett stort behov av säker och hållbar avfallshantering. En intressant lösning för organiskt avfall är fluglarvskompostering, som både producerar protein i form av larver och en näringsrik behandlingsrest. Larverna kan exempelvis användas som djurfoder medan behandlings-resten kan användas som gödselmedel, vilket innebär att näring kan återvinnas. Fluglarvskompostering med amerikansk vapenfluga (BSF), Hermetia illucens, är en relativt ny teknik men det finns redan omfattande forskning på hur olika processparametrar, t.ex. temperatur och vattenhalt, påverkar processen. Bakteriers roll har studerats endast i ett fåtal studier men de indikerar att tillsats av bakterier kan ha en positiv inverkan på larvernas tillväxt. Den här studien har därför undersökt hur tillsats av bakterier isolerade från BSF ägg påverkar fluglarvskompostering av matavfall med BSF larver. Studien gjordes i två experimentella delar. I fas I undersöktes effekten av tillsats av bakteriegrupper om tre bakterier till matavfallet samtidigt med larverna; i fas II utfördes triplikat av lovande bakteriegrupper med tre, två eller enstaka bakterier.

Resultaten från fas I indikerade att olika bakteriegrupper antingen kunde höja eller sänka bioomvandlingskvoten och generellt gav en minskning i materialreduktions-kvoten medan överlevnadsgraden inte verkade påverkas i samma utsträckning. I fas II observerades däremot ingen signifikant skillnad (p<0,05) mellan någon av bakteriebehandlingarna och kontrollen för samtliga processvariabler. Variationen i resulterande bioomvandlingskvot och materialreduktionskvot (på VS basis) var dock lägre för bakteriebehandlingarna jämfört med kontrollen. Variationen i bioomvandlings-kvot var 9,5% för kontrollen jämfört med 2,5-6,1% för bakteriebehandlingarna. För materialreduktionskvoten minskade variationen från 5,6% till mellan 0,9% och 4,6%. Detta tyder på att tillsats av bakterier kan förbättra stabiliteten hos fluglarvskompostering, vilket är särskilt intressant vid uppskalning av processen.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2019. , p. 41
Series
UPTEC W, ISSN 1401-5765 ; 19 012
Keywords [en]
Fly larvae composting, Black soldier fly, Hermetia illuciens, BSF bacteria, Organic waste, Nutrient recycling, Eco-technology
Keywords [sv]
Fluglarvskompostering, Amerikansk vapenfluga, Hermetia Illuciens, BSF bakterier, Organiskt avfall, Näringsåterföring, Grön teknik
National Category
Environmental Sciences Engineering and Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-377636OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-377636DiVA, id: diva2:1291251
Educational program
Master Programme in Environmental and Water Engineering
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2019-03-13 Created: 2019-02-23 Last updated: 2019-03-13Bibliographically approved

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