Bioenergy is a renewable energy source that can replace fossil energy sources in order to decrease greenhouse gas emissions. Assessing the climate impact of bioenergy systems involves methodological choices that may influence the result. Choice of climate metric is one example that has been discussed in several papers recently, and choice of spatial scale is another factor that can impact the results. In this paper, different types of spatial scales (stand, theoretical landscape and real landscape) were used for assessing the time-dependent climate impact of bioenergy from short-rotation coppice willow and stumps harvested from conventional forests in Sweden. The result showed that the spatial scale has importance for the climate impact, especially for long-rotation forestry. However, the climate impact of both types of bioenergy systems was lower than for fossil coal over time, independently of spatial scale used. A landscape perspective was considered to be most relevant from a climate policy perspective.