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Essays on Gender, Development and Political Economy
Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics. Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for International Economic Studies.
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The Long-Run Impact of Protestant Missionary Activity on Female Labour-Force Participation

Research has shown that missionary activity, in general, and Protestant missionary activity, in particular, has had a long-lasting positive effect on literacy, education and democratic values. In this chapter, I analyse the differential effect of early 20th century Protestant and Catholic missionary activity in three former British colonies - Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda - on female labour-force participation with a particular focus on formal-sector employment. Using survey data, I find that Protestant missionary activity, compared to Catholic missionary activity, has a persistent positive relationship with education, especially for women and girls, is associated with greater female empowerment within the household and increases in the likelihood that women are employed full time, in non-agricultural skilled work and that they earn cash wages. Furthermore, with a novel dataset on public sector employees in Tanzania, I find that greater Protestant missionary activity, as measured by the number of Protestant mission stations in a district, is positively related to higher shares of female employees, especially civil servants, and an increase in the likelihood that a Local Government Authority is led by a woman.

The Impact of Reservation on Female Representation - Evidence from Uttar Pradesh

India has a policy of reserving certain political positions for women and marginalised caste-groups which has increased their representation in local governments. In this chapter, I use the rotating design of India's reservation policy to estimate what happens in the election following reservation. I explicitly look at reservation for women with and without caste restrictions separately. I find that in the election following reservation for women there is an increase in the share of women mayors with particularly strong effects for lower-caste women where the share of lower-caste women mayors increases by 80%. I find limited evidence that this is driven by the re-election of incumbents but, instead, that it is driven by increases in the quality and quantity of candidates. In the election following reservation for women, I estimate an increase in the number of candidates and their quality, as measured by literacy, for both male and female candidates. 

Voting from Abroad: Assessing the Impact of Local Turnout on Expatriates' Voting Behaviour

Over 150 countries allow expatriate citizens to vote in their country of origin. Yet, little is known about their voting behaviour and how this is affected by host countries. Using unique micro-data on Chilean expatriates living in Europe, we study how the host country's turnout affects expatriates' electoral participation in the 2017 Chilean Presidential election. We focus on the 2014 European Parliament election turnout in the district of the Chilean's geocoded residence and exploit local transitory shocks to the cost of voting given by the rainfall on the day of the election. We find that a 1 percentage point increase in the host country's turnout decreases the electoral participation of Chilean expatriates by nearly 1 percentage point. This suggests a trade-off between political engagement in host country and home country politics. We find a stronger impact for young Chileans and those living in small communities, and in localities more welcoming to migrants.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Department of Economics, Stockholm University , 2021. , p. 176
Series
Monograph series / Institute for International Economic Studies, University of Stockholm, ISSN 0346-6892 ; 114
Keywords [en]
reservation in India, missionary activity, expatriate voter participation, Chilean presidential election, Tanzanian public sector, representation of women, female labour-force participation
National Category
Economics
Research subject
Economics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-195138ISBN: 978-91-7911-536-4 (print)ISBN: 978-91-7911-537-1 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-195138DiVA, id: diva2:1583549
Public defence
2021-09-24, hörsal 4, hus B, Universitetsvägen 10 B, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2021-09-01 Created: 2021-08-08 Last updated: 2022-03-28Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
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Language
  • de-DE
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  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
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  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
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  • asciidoc
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