For decades, situational comedies — commonly named “sitcoms” — have been racially segregated on TV between Black-cast sitcoms and White-cast sitcoms. Extensive research has been led about representation of Black and White masculinities in this segregated context. This master thesis studies what happens when White and Black males are equally casted as main characters in contemporary sitcoms by offering a case-study of the 2011 sitcom New Girl (2011-2017). How is Black masculinity represented in New Girl, and in which ways does it intersect with contemporary societal issues (e.g. racial profiling, Black Lives Matter movement)? This case-study uses tools, methodologies and concepts, drawn from Black and Intersectional feminism as well as Feminist media studies. Based on a 25 episodes sample of the show, it implements Ronald Jackson’s traditional stereotypes classification and “Black masculine identity theory” (Jackson, 2006) to study representations of Black masculinity in New Girl, through its two main Black male characters, Winston and Coach. Given that representations of minorities in popular culture reflect and influence our contemporary society, the results offer new insights about how sitcoms, series and popculture productions in general can challenge traditional stereotypes and display a more progressive Black masculinity.

The presented study investigates how rural tourism destinations can benefit from a mega sport event that is hosted in a city nearby. This is done by examining the case study of Camp Norway, an initiative of the municipality of Rättvik, which was hosted during the FIS Nordic Ski World Championship in Falun 2015. For this purpose semi-structured interviews were conducted with several key stakeholders and members of the steering committee of the project. The research aimed to answer what the concept was actually about, what the stakeholders expected, how they collaborated and how they evaluate the project. It was explored that a main intention of the project was to bring the tourism stakeholders of the municipality together and thus enhance their collaboration for the future. Although the expectations concerning visitor numbers and economic benefits were too high and have not been met, the overall concept evaluation is still very positive. This is due to the fact that the actors have recognised the importance of close stakeholder collaborations especially in the rural tourism industry and have successfully established a common ground for future projects in Rättvik. The case of Camp Norway can be taken as an example also for other rural tourism destinations, how to improve local stakeholder collaboration by innovatively benefitting from nearby events.

Despite advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD, children with ADHD may continue to experience socio-emotional, cognitive, behavioural, and learning-related difficulties in later stages of their lives. Since children not diagnosed with ADHD can exhibit similar difficulties with those who are diagnosed earlier than the specified 7-12 age range in the DSM-V manual, play therapy or play-based interventions can be used with pre-school and school-aged children who have ADHD or ADHD symptoms. Although play has high potential to promote children’s well-being and development and minimize their socio-emotional, cognitive, behavioural, and learning-related difficulties, research studies or reviews that explore the effects of play-based interventions on children with ADHD symptoms are scarce. Considering this research gap, the present scoping review aimed to investigate effects of play interventions used in care and education settings with children who have ADHD or ADHD symptoms. The results of eight reviewed studies which implemented play therapy/intervention in different educational or combined settings show positive changes in children’s socio-emotional, cognitive, behavioural, and learning skills and reduction in their problematic behaviours. However, due to scarcity of research which evaluates the long-term effects of play-interventions on children who have ADHD symptoms, there is a need for future research that will provide further empirical evidence on the long-lasting benefits of play interventions on children’s socio-emotional, cognitive, behavioural, and learning-related skills.

Based on 14 months of fieldwork between 2015 and 2019, this chapter presents biographical sketches of a handful of young men from Kasserine, a historically marginalised city in interior Tunisia, and makes a contribution to studies on the state, democratic transitions, masculinities and migration. All men face major obstacles to the realisation of manhood, understood as decent, respectable and ‘modern’ life. In their precarious existence, oscillating between various states of unemployment and semi-employment, between legal and illegal labour, the young men in their inability to realise the socially accepted values of masculinity represent the implications of the neoliberal condition. Yet the chapter argues that the young men have, for the most part, not internalised their precarious condition, but instead understand it as social and state failure. The chapter also demonstrates that, even though their lives are characterised by waiting, none of the young men are passive even if their actions often reinforce their marginalisation.

An early warning system for dengue is meant to predict outbreaks and prevent dengue cases by aiding timely decision making and deployment of interventions. However, only a system which is accepted and utilised by the public would be sustainable in the long run. This study aimed to explore the perception and attitude of the Malaysian public towards a dengue early warning system. The sample consisted of 847 individuals who were 18 years and above and living/working in the Petaling District, an area adjacent to Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A questionnaire consisting of personal information and three sub-measures of; i) perception, ii) attitude towards dengue early warning and iii) response towards early warning; was distributed to participants. We found that most of the respondents know about dengue fever (97.1%) and its association with climate factors (90.6%). Most of them wanted to help reduce the number of dengue cases in their area (91.5%). A small percentage of the respondents admitted that they were not willing to be involved in public activities, and 64% of them admitted that they did not check dengue situations or hotspots around their area regularly. Despite the high awareness on the relationship between climate and dengue, about 45% of respondents do not know or are not sure how this can be used to predict dengue. Respondents would like to know more about how climate data can be used to predict a dengue outbreak (92.7%). Providing more information on how climate can influence dengue cases would increase public acceptability and improve response towards climate-based warning system. The most preferred way of communicating early warning was through the television (66.4%). This study shows that the public in Petaling District considers it necessary to have a dengue warning system to be necessary, but more education is required.

Background / Research question: The presence of grandparents in a family with a young child with ASD can alleviate demands that parents and siblings may experience by providing necessary support to their adult children and to their grandchild with ASD. Yet, little is known about needs these grandparents may have in family and community settings. This study investigated perceived needs of grandparents in relation to their preschool-aged grandchildren diagnosed with ASD in the cultural context of Sweden.

Method: Participants were 120 maternal and paternal grandparents of children enrolled into psychoeducation intervention programs provided by the Autism Center for Small Children at the Habilitation & Health (funded publicly by the Stockholm County Council). Data were collected at four psycho-educational workshops using the demographic survey, the Grandparents’ Needs Survey, and the impact supplement to the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire – the Swedish version.

Result: Grandparents expressed most needs in topic areas of information and childcare. No associations were found between grandparents’ demographics and perceptions of needs; grandparents’ perceptions of grandchild’s difficulties influenced their information needs. 

Conclusions: The study provides valuable information on how to improve already existing support programs for children with ASD and their family members, and to facilitate better planning of future support services based on identified needs. 

A prerequisite for positive development of children diagnosed with ASD is access to high quality early intervention (EI). This symposium will describe supports and barriers inherent within the Swedish service system. Study one presents and discusses perceptions of parents with diverse cultural, linguistic and ethnic backgrounds concerning early intervention and availability of resources. Study two presents’ case-study findings using participant observation in two preschools concerning staff competence, differing philosophical assumptions, inter-organizational and policy guidelines compromising EI. 

Introduction The presence of grandparents in a family with a young child with ASD can alleviate demands that parents and siblings may experience by providing necessary support to their adult children and to their grandchild with ASD. Yet, little is known about needs these grandparents may have in family and community settings. This study investigated perceived needs of grandparents in relation to their preschool-aged grandchildren diagnosed with ASD in the cultural context of Sweden.

Methods Participants were 120 maternal and paternal, non-custodial grandparents of children enrolled into psychoeducation intervention programs provided by the Autism Center for Small Children at the Habilitation & Health (funded publicly by the Stockholm County Council). Data were collected at four psycho-educational workshops using the demographic survey, the Grandparents’ Needs Survey, and the impact supplement to the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire – the Swedish version.

Results Grandparents expressed most needs in topic areas of information and childcare. No significant relations were found between grandparents’ demographics and perceptions of needs, grandparents’ needs were predicted by their perceived burden.

Discussion The study’s findings can inform practitioners about grandparents’ most and least prioritized needs in various topic areas, which may help practitioners to plan quality family-centered early intervention services, as well as to improve already existing formal support programs offered to grandparents, parents, and preschool teachers. To understand further the unique needs of grandparents of grandchildren with ASD both in Sweden and other cultural contexts, qualitative and longitudinal research is needed to explore the influence of societal factors, grandparents’ demographic characteristics (particularly, gender and lineage) on grandparents’ involvement with their grandchild diagnosed with ASD. In addition, future research needs to develop and use more objective instruments to investigate the longer-term effects of grandchild disability on grandparental functioning.

Gender stereotypes play a potent role in how the work of men and women is perceived and valued. Stereotypes also influence the way people look upon themselves. In the present research, two studies are reported where men and women at work rated the degree of warmth and competence of a person with their own occupation, and how they think people in general would perceive a person in the same occupation. A wider gap between own perceptions and that of people in general was expected for women than for men, as it was assumed that the view of other people’s perceptions would serve as a proxy for stereotype threat for women. Study 1 comprised 449 participants (74 % women) working within the public sector, mainly in social, caring, and education professions, and Study 2 comprised a convenience sample of 189 participants (70 % women) from a variety of sectors and professions. Both studies yielded consistent results; contradictory to what was expected, men and women did not differ in terms of how they thought people in general would perceive the competence of their occupation, instead women rated the competence of their own occupation higher than men did, even after controlling for type of occupation and educational level. Warmth displayed only minor gender differences. The results are discussed in relation to research on counter-reactions against stereotype threat, how the concept of competence could be understood, as well as other possible explanations of the unexpected results. 

Studien syftar till att undersöka manliga idrottslag och få en ökad kunskap i gruppdynamikens uppbyggnad och påverkan på laget och dess individer. Metoden som används för detta är tre stycken halvstrukturerade intervjuer samt observationer. Resultatet visade att gruppdynamiken är en väldigt vikig del av idrottslag. Stämningen som finns är byggd på gamla traditioner om hur män i grupp ska fungera samt på en rollsättning som görs i laget. Detta i sin tur skapar en speciell ton och kommunikation inom laget som främjar vi-känslan och samhörigheten. Slutsatsen är att gruppdynamiken är central för ett fungerande idrottslag och ger en trygghet och en känsla av att passa in samt en tillhörighet. Dock behövs det skapas en mer öppenhet för olikheter inom lagidrottandet så som sexuell läggning.

Referenstagning är ett välanvänt urvalsinstrument i rekryteringsprocesser. Den bygger på förutsättningen att en tredje part, en referent, lämnar referenser om den arbetssökande kandidatens tidigare arbetsliv till den rekryterande aktören. Befintlig forskning inom ämnet är begränsat och behandlas huvudsakligen i en amerikansk kontext. Många av de tidigare studierna undersöks utifrån rekryterarens perspektiv, målet med studien är därför att synliggöra referenstagningen ur referenternas perspektiv. Studien syftar till att belysa referenters upplevelse av referenstagningar gällande olika referenstagningsmetoder, aspekter i kommunikationen mellan referent och rekryterare samt etiska ställningstaganden under referenstagning. En transaktionell kommunikationsmodell används för att beskriva hur kommunikationen mellan referenten och rekryteraren sker och påverkas av olika förutsättningar i genomförandet av referenstagningen. Vidare används Erving Goffmans dramaturgiska perspektiv för att förklara referenternas etiska ställningstaganden och dess påverkan på referenserna. I studien används ett målstyrt urval för att hitta individer som har varit referent under det senaste året. Studien är av kvalitativ karaktär och empirin grundas på tio semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultatet av studien visar att referenternas upplevelse av referenstagningar påverkas av ett flertal faktorer. Dessa är: förberedelserna inför referenstagningen, referenstagningens längd, struktur, referenstagningsmetoden samt rekryterarens färdigheter och förmågor. Ett viktigt fynd utifrån den transaktionella kommunikationsmodellen handlar om att det sker ett löpande informationsutbyte mellan referenten och den rekryterande aktören vilket påverkar såväl referenternas upplevelse som referensernas kvalitet. Väl utförda referenstagningar kan vara fördelaktiga på flera sätt, då dessa kan påverka inte bara referentupplevelsen, utan även referensernas kvalitet och den rekryterande organisationens varumärke positivt.

A fundamental goal for buildings is to deliver safe shelter and good indoor climate for the occupants. Creating the thermal comfort begins with modelling, which is based on mathematical descriptions of the designing building, its surroundings, and regional climate. The post-occupancy evaluation that includes occupant feedback can be used as a control measure to verify these calculations and an important link in closing the learning loop for investor, designer and builder. The evaluation and observations given by residents and housing managers are significant for designing and constructing good quality buildings, suited to occupant needs and expectations.

The aim of the paper was to attempt a buildings assessment based on occupant feedback and housing manager observations. To investigate indoor climate in energy-efficient housing, three low-energy multi-family residential buildings and a control group of three conventional multi-family buildings were carefully selected. The objective of this multi-case study was to investigate thermal comfort and capture the circumstances and conditions specific to passive multi-family housing.

The results indicate that the low-energy profile of a building had a limited influence on the decision to rent the apartment, however residents were generally proud to live in environmentally friendly buildings. Moreover, tenants also suggested that living in the energy-efficient buildings increased their environmental awareness, making their behaviour more environmentally friendly. Residents of low-energy houses gave better rating for indoor climate than that in conventional houses, which suggests higher satisfaction with the product; however, tenant feedback identified some problems with ventilation system and space heating.

Findings indicate that there no significant difference in operation and management of  owenergy buildings, however information and communication activities are absolutely crucial in successful management of low-energy buildings. Moreover the low energy buildings requires the same amount or less adjustments than in conventional houses, which brings further evidence that in the life cycle perspective low energy houses are a better investment.

The aim of this paper is to investigate building performance from the occupants' perspective and to compare how the residents in low-energy multi-family buildings and conventional buildings, respectively, perceive the comfort of, and satisfaction with, indoor elements. Additionally, the study explores differences in living-in, operation and management in low-energy and conventional residential buildings. The key data was obtained by surveys sent to occupants of carefully selected comparable buildings: three low-energy and three conventional residential buildings. Responses were compared and statistical difference was tested by the Mann-Whitney test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Findings indicate that both low-energy and conventional residential buildings have satisfied and less satisfied tenants. The occupants' satisfaction might decrease if thermal discomfort leads them to use supplementary heating; however, use of supplementary cooling does not have the same significance. Problems and concerns regarding ventilation and heating appeared in both types of buildings. Results suggest that, compared with conventional buildings, low-energy residential buildings required the same or less system adjustment, which suggests that, from a lifecycle perspective, the low-energy buildings are the better investment. Occupants' responses suggest that the "green" profile of the building has a positive impact on their environmental awareness and behaviour. This paper shows that occupants' feedback is an important part of comprehensive building performance assessment, indicating areas for improvement relevant for developers and housing managers. The presented results show that problems often identified as specific to low-energy buildings also appear in conventional buildings.

In this paper, I examine the importance of environmental factors in the residential property market. The paper presents results from a quasi- experimental study and survey responses from 733 occupants of green and conventional buildings. The findings show that energy and environmental building performance factors have rather a minor impact on the purchasing or renting decision. The findings indicate that when discussing the impact of energy and environmental factors on a customer purchase decision, the availability of information should be considered.

Purpose - The aim of this paper is to investigate the overall satisfaction of occupants of green and conventional residential buildings and their perception of indoor environment quality (IEQ) and to study factors that may cause occupants’ dissatisfaction.

Design/methodology/approach - Data was collected through a survey sent to occupants of comparable green and conventional multi-family buildings. The difference in responses between occupants of green and conventional buildings was analysed using a Mann-Whitney (rank sum) test. The ordered logistic models were applied to the data to test whether the overall satisfaction changes depending on the level of acceptance of indoor environment quality and whether the building environmental profile and the apartment tenure affect occupant satisfaction.

Findings - The results show that both categories of occupants are very satisfied with their apartments and that there is no statistically significant difference between the stated overall satisfaction of occupants living in green and conventional buildings, although a difference was found in acceptance level for thermal and sound quality. The research highlights the importance of occupant feedback, user-friendly technical installations and the ability to control indoor environment. This knowledge is important for designers, engineers and developers alike in enabling them to improve dwelling quality and minimize post-occupancy problems.

Research limitations/implications - It was not possible to include physical measurements of IEQ parameters; the analysis is based only on occupants’ responses, which may carry a certain subjectivity.

Originality/value - The paper contributes to the understanding of IEQ from occupant perspective and to knowledge on green building performance.

Green buildings are expected to require lower operating costs, provide better indoor environment and have a lower impact on the environment than conventional buildings. Consequently, if renting or buying green property is more beneficial, a customer may be willing to pay extra for green apartment. The aim of this paper is to study stated and rational willingness to pay for green apartments in Sweden. A database consisting of responses from 477 occupants living in green and conventional multi-family buildings was used to investigate the existence of WTP and to test the difference in opinion between respondents living in green or conventional buildings and condominiums or rental apartments.

The responses indicate that people are prepared to pay more for very low-energy buildings but not as willing to pay for a building with an environmental certificate. It was found that interest in and the perceived importance of energy and environmental factors affect the stated WTP. The results indicate that a stated willingness to pay for low-energy buildings of 5% can be considered a rational investment decision.

Purpose - The focus of this paper is to investigate the cost side of “green” building construction and if increased investment cost are profitable taking the reduction in operating cost into account. The investment viability is approached by comparing investment in conventional and “green” residential building, particularly low-energy building, using real construction and post-occupancy condition.

Design/methodology/approach - The key data was obtained by surveys and personal interviews. First survey was directed to the companies which had experience of building lowenergy housing and the second survey to the housing companies that actively manage operation of low-energy houses.

Findings - Findings indicate that low-energy buildings are considered as interesting and good business opportunity and life cycle cost analysis suggests that low energy building (particularly passive house) is a better investment than conventional residential building. At the same time government initiative and the construction regulations are found to have strong motivation power towards development of “green” buildings.

Originality/ value – This paper provides insights to the investment decisions and contributes to understanding of the construction and operation of energy-efficient residential buildings.

Refugee entrepreneurs can make a significant contribution to sustainable growth and development in host countries. However, comprehensive comparative studies of refugee entrepreneurial motivations are scarce, particularly in the absence of a theoretical framework on entrepreneurship motivation that is suitable for such contexts. This is a research topic that is increasingly of interest to scholars and policymakers working with refugee workforce integration, particularly in light of forecasted increases in global forced displacement over the next years. This paper tests and extends newly constructed entrepreneurship motivation measures, comparing person-related factors and the perceptions of environmental-related factors for Syrian refugee entrepreneurs in Sweden and Germany. The results indicate that their motivations differ between the two countries with respect to market conditions, the educational environment, dissatisfaction, and know-how. However, refugee entrepreneurs in both countries have similar levels of entrepreneurial ambition and attitude and are motivated by similar perceptions of social environments and cultural norms. This paper identifies how entrepreneurship motivation differences could be considered by governments to better shape and inform host countries' programs and policies to improve refugee entrepreneurship and subsequent integration. Syrian refugees in Germany and Sweden differ in their motivation to pursue entrepreneurship, as evidenced by our comparative study, emphasizing the role of country context in shaping refugees' perception of environmental factors that influence their entrepreneurial motivation. We find that Germany-based refugee entrepreneurs are more motivated by market structures and educational offerings, have more know-how, and were less prone to negative motivation resulting from experiencing dissatisfaction (e.g. due to discrimination or lack of opportunities) compared with Sweden-based refugee entrepreneurs. The results emphasize the importance of policy reforms and initiatives that provide financial, administrative, and legal assistance to refugee entrepreneurs as they start and establish their businesses, as well as specialized entrepreneurship training and education programs. We call for future research on inter-country evaluations of institutional differences and migrant integration programs as well as trans-border exchange of lessons learned and success stories, particularly in-light of prognosed increases in global forced displacement over the next years. © The Author(s) 2023

Background: Environmental challenges faced by humankind are creating various changes in the business environment. These changes are facilitating entrepreneurial activities for environmental sustainability. However, some actors, such as immigrant entrepreneurs, might face difficulties in identifying and exploiting the external enablers of entrepreneurial action for sustainability. Purpose: Considering the importance of sustainable development, the study aims to understand the role of external enablers for environmental sustainability in immigrant ventures. Thus, the study aims to investigate how ‘external enabler opacity and agency-intensity’ facilitate or hinder environmentally sustainable entrepreneurial activities among immigrant entrepreneurs. Method: The study employs a qualitative approach and utilizes a multiple case study methodology, with the primary method of semi-structured interviews. Inductively building upon the External Enabler Framework, the study integrates insights from external enablers, environmental entrepreneurship, and immigrant entrepreneurship literature. Conclusion: The study finds that low opacity and high agency intensity of external enablers limit immigrant ventures' involvement in environmental sustainability. Moreover, barriers immigrant entrepreneurs face compound these limitations, possibly leading to decreased competitiveness and missed opportunities. Contributing to the External Enabler Framework, the concept of enforcement is introduced as a novel cross-function of external enabler mechanisms, which facilitates immigrant ventures' engagement in environmentally sustainable activities.

Purpose: This paper aims to map the influential concepts on technology adoption in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) through conducting a systematic literature review and finding a better understanding of the current body of knowledge. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review approach is taken here, which includes the following steps: Determination of keywords and strings, selection of databases, setting inclusion and exclusion criteria, conducting the search in chosen databases over a specific period of time. This process has led to the final count of 349 peer-reviewed articles being studied, and the results are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Findings: As a result of the study, 11 categories of influential concepts on technology adoption are identified by reviewing literature from the past decade. This article indicates how fragmented the literature is and how it concentrates on studying the impact of only a limited number of categories of concepts. The scatted frameworks (theoretical and conceptual) and weak application of the used theories found in this research also highlight the need for the development of a framework that looks into technology adoption as a dynamic process due to the dynamic nature of new technologies today. Research limitations/implications: Based on the above findings, future research avenues are to look into technology adoption from a process perspective, to dig into less researched influencing concepts such as infrastructure, regulations, strategy and resources and their role in adoption of technology in SMEs as well as development of a framework for technology adoption that is aligned with these elements. Practical implications: Practitioners and policymakers will benefit from finding a helicopter view of the barriers and supporting factors throughout their technology adoption journey. The knowledge they gain from this study will better prepare them in building tools they need for adopting technology in their organizations and provide an in-depth insight to what elements can affect their journey. Originality/value: This review provides an insight into the current body of knowledge on the topic, which researchers can benefit from constructing an in-depth understanding of the state of research as well as influencing concepts of technology adoption in SMEs. Moreover, it adds value in building up the knowledge of technology adoption in today's dynamic world of digitalization. © 2022, Seyedeh Zahra Zamani.

The study analyzes the impact on humanitarian conditions of the population along theColombia-Venezuela border after the 2016 peace agreement. The thesis contributes to abetter understanding of the interconnected humanitarian challenges faced not only byColombian communities, such as indigenous, Afro-Colombian communities and socialleaders, but also by Venezuelan populations, refugees, and migrants, who aredisproportionately affected. The thesis employs a rigorous and robust methodologycentered on an extensive literature review and document analysis. Primary sourcesinclude political declarations, NGO reports, United Nations agency data, and scholarlyarticles. This meticulous methodological approach ensures a nuanced understanding ofthe conflict dynamics and their humanitarian repercussions, thereby emphasizing theroles and challenges faced by humanitarian actors in these regions. Key findings revealan escalation of the dynamics of violence and the emergence of new actors despite the2016 Peace Agreement between the Colombian government and the FARC-EP,particularly in border areas where Non-state Armed Groups contest for control and engagein intense competition over drug trafficking routes, resources, and other criminalactivities. The humanitarian impact is severe, with significant displacement, threats, andlimited access to essential services. The research underscores the critical role ofhumanitarian actors in mitigating these impacts. However, it highlights the challengesposed by restricted access, violence against humanitarian workers, and uncoordinatedefforts among agencies. The thesis advocates for a community-based protection approach,emphasizing the need for structural changes and sustainable peacebuilding efforts. Itargues for better coordination among humanitarian actors and government agencies,focusing on addressing the root causes of the conflict and enhancing the resilience ofaffected communities. This thesis thus serves as a critical resource for policymakers,humanitarian organizations, and scholars interested in the intricate dynamics of armedconflict and humanitarian action in Colombia.

The accruement of crises over the last two decades, with their particular manifestations in the European context, has evoked the feeling of living in exceptional times, as captured in the recurrent claim that we live in the "age of anxiety." The main aim of this collection is to analyse, from a multidisciplinary perspective, the causes and consequences of the current dominance of the discourse of fear, anxiety, and crisis through the experience of distinct and often interdependent moral panics in twenty-first-century Europe.

With its multidisciplinary approach, this volume sheds light on the need to view the interrelationship between different crises and their associated affects as crucial in attaining a more nuanced understanding of the aetiology and effects of the current "age of anxiety." This multidisciplinary scrutiny of the interrelationship of twenty-first-century fears, anxiety and crises signals an original engagement with these complex phenomena in order to make their emergence and profound effects on contemporary society more comprehensible.

The timeliness of the thematic focus and the rigorous in-depth analyses make this collection relevant to students and academics within the fields of sociology, literary and cultural studies, political science and anthropology, as well as to those in European studies and global studies.

Building on the recent interest among labor geographers for workers’ ability to strategize around their mobility, and tourism researchers’ longstanding examination of mobile tourism workers, this paper explores the mobility agency of differently positioned hospitality workers. The findings suggest that workers are not always ‘strategic’ in relation to labor mobility, and that labor mobility and career paths must be recognized as fragmented, happenstance and erratic. Furthermore, this article argues for an approach to the study of mobile tourism workers that takes the relational as well as temporal aspects into account. This endeavor is in particular guided by the notion of stories-so-far and the understanding of people as both being and becoming. The empirical basis of this paper consists of 22 interviews with hospitality workers in four hotel workplaces in Sweden; the luxury city hotel, the suburban chain hotel, the city chain hotel and the seasonal hotel. Ultimately, I suggest that the multifaceted complex of considerations which workers negotiate, could be conceptualized as the relational spaces of labor (im)mobility.

This paper critically examines the hospitable body and how it is put to work, how certain bodies are selected and become associated with certain occupations and spaces of work, and how the hospitable body is produced, transformed, and commodified in accordance with prevailing modes of production. Drawing on examples primarily obtained from the Nordic countries, I review current research on hospitality workers, while also manifesting how employers portray and, at times, exploit the hospitable body. This is followed by a presentation of a research agenda for the continued study of the hospitable body at work, addressing the need for in-depth, context-sensitive studies on worker strategies to counteract harassment. I conclude by suggesting that the working body can be theorized as concurrently being relational and “in the making,” and as a bounded territory in need of protection against the hazards of flexible work regimes, stress, harassment, and precariousness.

Det råder debatter och diskussioner om att ökad effektivitet, produktivitet och digitalisering krävs för att lyckas med välfärdsuppdraget. Begreppen är central och det finns få individnära forskning om vad dessa begrepp står för och innebär i det dagliga arbetet för olika yrkesverksamma personer inom välfärdenstjänster såsom hälso- och sjukvård och äldreomsorg. Syftet med föreliggande studie är att ta del av hur begreppen uppfattas av ett mindre antal personer som verkar på olika nivåer inom välfärdenstjänster. Denna kvalitativa studie med fenomenografisk ansats baseras på informanters uppfattningar. För analys av insamlade data används konventionell innehållsanalys. Studiens teoretiska ramverk med koppling till gränser mellan ekonomi- och demokrativärden, motsättningen mellan olika rationalitet och stridande logiker utvecklas i samband med analys av det empiriska materialet. Resultatet visar att även om informanters medvetenhet om välfärdens utmaningar är i varierande grad, finns det en generell uppfattning av att en välfungerande hälso-och sjukvård och äldreomsorg kräver rätt och tillräcklig kompetens. Det finns en uppfattning bland informanter att beslutfattarna måste skjuta till mer resurser. Resultatet pekar också på en uppfattning av att välfärden kan upprätthållas om tillräckliga åtgärder görs åt konsekvenserna som befolkningsutvecklingen medför. När det kommer på tal om åtgärderna som krävs, uppstår spänningar och konflikter i uppfattningar kring begreppen effektivitet/produktivitet, digitalisering, uppgiftsväxling och kvalitet i relation till resurser. Det kan ha sin grund i förekomst av olika gränsdragningsproblematik med olika rationalitet och stridande logiker som följd.  

I deal with translations of the idea of person-centred care in this paper. The idea has spread, and it is seen as the contemporary solution to national and international healthcare issues. Scandinavian neo-institutionalism focuses on alteration through processing of ideas regarding context and variation between organisations. That makes the process of translating ideas important. Although there are many Swedish literature written about person-centred care, there are few studies that have examined practice and perceived reality. The purpose of this paper is to gain knowledge about how person-centred care is perceived and translated from words to actions in an organisation that has adopted the concept. The theoretical framework has been grounded in translation, which begins with an understanding of how ideas or concepts can be reproduced, from words to actions. The methodology for handling translations of person-centred care is based on a social construction perspective, combined with phenomenology and this combination of perspectives might lead to gaining a deeper understanding of person-centred care. I use hermeneutic method to analyse and interpret the statements or the story told by my selected actors. The result shows that among the respondents, person-centred care is something desirable, appealing, and necessary to do. On an overall level, the idea remains the same, while when it lands on the unit level and must be interpreted in practical action, the focus ends up on different things based on the respondents' different everyday lives. Translation as a phenomenon leads to the idea being interpreted and used in different and varying ways by different individuals and different entities. This has resulted to the idea being spread through actors who had an interest in it.

The Gulf of Aden holds one of the strategic chokepoint along the important Eurasian maritime trade route. On both sides of the Gulf of Aden lie countries in need of political stability. In the south lies Somalia, one of the worlds longest failed states and hosts of pirates violently disrupting maritime trade in the region. On its northern shores lies Yemen, one of the poorest countries in the world and home to the terrorist movement Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula.

This thesis aims to look deeper into what effect on piracy another failed state in the region would have and to illustrate that the thesis describes a scenario where Yemen has followed Somalia’s footsteps and developed into a failed state. Applying Lindgren and Bandhold’s method of scenario planning and through a quantitative analysis, recent trends affecting piracy development were identified. Through a scenario cross four different scenarios were developed to illustrate the effects a failed state Yemen would have on piracy leading to which new challenges the EU might be faced with in the region.

The overall conclusions are that a failed state Yemen would have a negative effect on the efforts in mitigating piracy and pirates, driven by opportunity and profit, would benefit from further instability in the region. The thesis supports previous research regarding the connection between maritime piracy in the Gulf of Aden and failed states and illustrate the multifaceted challenges the EU could face as a consequence of the new development of piracy. 

Background: Little research has been done to identify the individual-level factors contributing to the prevention of administrative corruption. Specifically, Iranian public employees are an understudied population in terms of individual and contextual factors that contribute to the prevention of administrative corruption. This study aimed to identify the perception of public servants about the psychosocial factors that facilitate the prevention of corruption.

Method: Data were collected using semistructured interviews with 14 individuals working in public sector departments or agencies in Tehran.

Results: Six main themes emerged from the data: cognitive characteristics (including “detachment-promoting thoughts and beliefs” and “consequence-focused thoughts and beliefs”), emotional patterns (including “deterrent negative emotions” and “deterrent positive emotions”), personality characteristics (including “self-oriented conservative personality traits” and “other-oriented prosocial personality traits”), behavioral strategies (including “need-fulfillment strategies” and “self-care strategies”), familial background (including “growing up in a rule-oriented and value-oriented family” and “living with an honest and supportive spouse”), and organizational context (including “employee monitoring” and “rule-based and ethical space of the organization”).

Conclusion: The study reveals some psychological and contextual factors that could be involved in preventing administrative corruption in Iran. These factors can be taken into consideration when designing preventive measures and policies aimed at reducing corrupt behaviors in public agents and promoting ethics in public service.

Ett svenskt företag F tillsammans med andra divisioner vill etablera tillverkning lokalt i Kina.Detta examensarbetes syfte är att i samband med lokaliseringen analysera vilka legala och praktiska åtgärder företaget måste göra för att den lokala verksamheten ska klara av de rådande krav på inre och yttre miljö i Kina.

En analys av påverkande faktorer på inre och yttre miljö från produktionen i Sverige genomfördes. En materialbalans analyserades enligt flödesschema. Eftersom Kina fortfarande är ett utvecklingsland är skillnaden mycket stor jämfört med Sverige, men utvecklingen sker snabbt där. De flesta miljölagar som studerades är ramlagar, vilket betyder att ingen konkret begränsning hittades. Företaget tar med sig sin världsledande teknik, vilken fortfarande är ny och okänd för industriområdet i Kina. Därför är det för tidigt att bedöma om företag F uppfyller lokala krav i Kina. Företaget ska göra en detaljerad beskrivning av sin tänkta produktion i Kina till EPA, Environmental Protection Agency, då de söker tillstånd för fabriken. Där kan de beskriva sin produktion i Sverige, jämföra det med den tänkta produktionen i Kina. Genom att beskriva de krav som svenska EPA har ställt för företag F iSverige, kan det hjälpa kinesiska EPA att få en bättre uppfattning om produktionen och hur mycket utsläpp från fabriken som påverkar naturen och omgivning. För att planera långsiktigt och för att produktionen ska klara miljökrav i Kina på längre sikt, ska fabriken redan från början hålla svensk standard.

Två industriparker i Kina besöktes, den ena ligger i Suzhou, den andra i Wuxi. Ur rent miljömässiga aspekter är båda industriparkerna bra alternativ för företag F emedan båda ärhögkvalitativa, färdigutvecklade industriparker. Suzhou ligger närmare Shanghai och har egentull, vilket är en stor fördel för företaget. Det finns företag som tar hand om avfall inom industriområdena. Dessa är godkända av EPA och industriparken. De hämtar avfallet från fabriken och det avfall som går att återvinna skickas till återvinningsstation. Efterbehandlingen skickas det åter till fabrikerna för att producera t.ex. nya pappers-, plast-, eller träprodukter. Resten av det miljöfarliga avfallet skickas i väg för förbränning och deponi.Miljöfarligt avfall hämtas från fabriken för speciella behandlingar.

När företag F bygger sin fabrik i Kina bör de bl.a. vara noga med att välja lokalisering och byggmaterial för att undvika brandrisk. Byggnadslayouten ska vara genomtänkt, t.ex. var säkerhetsutgångar ska ligga. Det är viktigt att utbildning i process- och miljöfrågor sker fortlöpande när verksamheten inleds. Informationen ska nå ut till personal på alla nivåer.Bolaget ska ständigt förbättra teknik, söka den bästa möjliga teknik som finns. Utsläpp i luftoch vatten ska mätas regelbundet enligt den lokala myndighetens krav. Besiktningen avbolagets anläggningar ska ske regelbundet.

I den svenska anläggningen har utsläpp av oljerök från produktionen släppts ut direkt genom taket. När företag F bygger upp sin nya produktion i Kina vore det bra om de kan använda någon reningsmetod för att minska oljerökutsläpp direkt i luften, t.ex. genom att använda reningsfilter. Företag F bör även kontinuerligt söka miljövänligare råvaror eller nyare behandlingsmetoder för farliga utsläpp. T.ex. är xylen ett oönskat ämne som används i produktionen, det släpps ut direkt i luften efter användningen. Företaget bör söka efter råvarorsom kan ersätta xylen, eller metoder som kan förhindra utsläppet. Ett förslag är att utföra steget inom ett instängt rum.

ICT has reshaped our society, and with the current accelerating development of technology, and its wider distribution throughout the globe, they will continue doing so even more. These changes in society are important for sustainability. They affect the physical way the society and the environment interact, but they also affect the way people think, learn and behave.

We suggest that the persuasive power of ICT can be oriented towards climate change. For this purpose we define the concept of "climate persuasive services" as ICT applications that change personal attitudes regarding climate change and/or change behavior towards reducing greenhouse gases emissions. We consider mobile phones, pervasive sensors and social media as three key technological drivers for the development of climate persuasion applications.

We have analyzed the use of persuasion principles in existing web and mobile applications forming three clusters: tracking carbon footprints, sharing goals and making green behavior easier. Based on this analysis, we suggest a more planned use of persuasive principles, and propose six different opportunities for improvement.

Iran har de senaste fyra decennierna ställts inför många sanktioner som påverkat landets ekonomi och arbetsmarknad. Antalet emigranter från Iran har ökat avsevärt. Orsakerna till utvandringen står att finna i politiska förhållanden men även i ekonomiska faktorer. Artikeln behandlar sambandet mellan internationella sanktioner och arbetskraftsutvandring. En dynamisk stokastisk generell jämviktsmodell (DSGE) används för att undersöka effekterna av sanktioner. Sanktioner av icke-oljeexport har haft störst betydelse för ökningen av arbetskraftsutvandringen från Iran, medan andra sanktioner inklusive de mot oljeexport inte har bidragit lika mycket till arbetskraftsutvandringen. Sanktionerna påverkar arbetskraftsutvandringen genom minskade kostnader för migration via lägre reallöner i Iran.

The aim of this work was to delve into the topic of second-generation immigrants. Throughthis study, the interest has been in examining and understanding how second-generationimmigrants face unique challenges and experiences in their lives, shaped by both theirparents' cultural backgrounds and the society in which they themselves grew up. Conductinga qualitative study on the experiences and challenges of second-generation immigrants isconsidered a relevant and intriguing subject.I believe that this study can provide a good understanding of how this group perceives andmanages their identity, cultural integration, and any challenges they encounter. Thisqualitative study aims to investigate and comprehend the specific experiences and challengesthat characterize the lives of second-generation immigrants. By analyzing their narratives andreflections, the study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the cultural and socialdynamics that shape their identity and well-being. Through my research questions, I havearrived at interesting results that contribute to a deeper comprehension of the cultural andsocial aspects that shape their identity and well-being.

The present paper constitutes a review of the results of a study concerning cultural tourism conducted on a group of students from selected higher education institutions in Bialystok. The aim of this paper is to analyze young tourists' preferences in Podlasie's region in terms of cultural tourism: their choice of activities and attractions, as well as trip related characteristics in contrast to the preferences of young non-cultural tourists. Quantitative research approach has been applied in the study in order to meet the objective of this paper, as the quantitative methods allow to summarize vast sources of information and facilitate comparisons across categories and over time (Kruger, 2003, p.18-19). An online survey was used as a technique to carry out the research. The main results indicate that students, as cultural tourists, prefer a variety of activities (both cultural and non-cultural) in diverse locations and do not limit themselves to any dominant attractions. The work has its value within the cultural tourism literature, as it discusses the potential of the tourist youth market in the developing rural area of post-communist country, Poland. The paper offers suggestions on a more in-depth further research.

This thesis explores how the tactics of intimidation, harrassment and criminalization impact the activists providing humanitarian assistance to migrants at the border between Poland and Belarus. Through an investigation of the relations of power between the authorities, the activists and the migrants, this study aims to understand the complex context of the border in which the activists provide the assistance. With the aim of exploring how the activists operate under the threat of criminalization, it makes a contribution to the emerging body of research on the phenomenon of criminalization of grass-roots humanitarian efforts, which has been on the rise in Europe and around the world. The findings reveal that as a result of the state imposed measures, such as heavy militarization and policing of the broder, as well as restrictions on freedom of movement and public access to information, the humanitarian aid is provided in an atmosphere of fear. Nevertheless, the desired effect of deterrence is not achieved, as the activists perceive providing aid as their duty.

Trong năm 2017, phong trào #Metoo và Time’sUp đã đưa vấn đề quấy rối tình dục trở thành tâm điểm của mọi người dân. Hai phong trào này ban đầu được hình thành tại Mỹ, rồi phát triển một cách mạnh mẽ và trở thành chiến dịch cho mọi công dân toàn cầu ở mọi quốc gia, ở khắp các ngành công nghiệp, văn hóa và giới tính.

Nam giới và nữ giới - những người gây dựng hai phong trào này đã cho ngành truyền thông một cơ hội để giải quyết các vấn đề về quấy rối tình dục trong tương lai.

Thay đổi bắt đầu từ việc nâng cao nhận thức, đối thoại và đặc biệt là sự hình thành chính sách và quy trình hình thành môi trường làm việc không có hiện tượng quấy rối tình dục.

Cuốn sách này là bản hướng dẫn thực hành cho cơ quan báo chí và nhân viên phòng tránh và giải quyết những vấn đề liên quan đến quấy rối tình dục tại công sở. Nó là những bước đi đầu tiên đầy hy vọng cho chặng đường hướng đến một nền công nghiệp truyền thông không có vấn đề quấy rối tình dục, từ đó đặt ra những quy chuẩn thực thi tốt nhất, có thể lan toả khắp các ngành công nghiệp toàn cầu, như một sự đóng góp nhỏ với phong trào lớn hơn mà WIN-IFRA rất vinh dự khi là một phần trong đó.

Tuy cuốn sách hướng dẫn này nhằm giải quyết những vấn đề và các khía cạnh liên quan đến quấy rối tình dục nhưng nó chưa toàn diện. Những hướng dẫn này không tập trung vào vấn đề quấy rối tình dục và mối đe dọa an ninh mà những nhà báo nữ đang phải đối mặt khi tác nghiệp tại hiện trường. Có rất nhiều tài liệu hay đã từng đề cập về vấn nạn quấy rồi tình dục và đã được dẫn nguồn tham khảo trong tài liệu này. Bên cạnh đó, cuốn sách này cũng chưa đề cập chi tiết đến những hành vi cũng như các vấn đề phát sinh đã xảy ra trên mạng, một vấn đề mà chúng tôi hy vọng sẽ sớm xây dựng được những tài liệu liên quan. Cuối cùng, cuốn sách này không và không thể giải quyết được các hậu quả khôn lường cho những nhà báo nữ, những người đã mất cơ hội thăng tiến, phát triển sự nghiệp do theo đuổi giải quyết các vấn đề về quấy rồi tình dục trong quá trình làm việc của họ. Điều bất công này cần phải được đối mặt và thừa nhận để có thể đạt được kết quả tốt hơn trong tương lai.

Chúng tôi thực sự muốn gửi lời cảm ơn chân thành đến những đồng nghiệp trong lĩnh vực truyền thông, những người đã chia sẻ thẳng thắn về kiến thức chuyên môn, phương pháp khắc phục và những hướng đi cụ thể để giúp chúng tôi tạo ra một cuốn sách không chỉ là những câu chữ lý thuyết, mà còn là những hướng dẫn thực tế nhất. Hy vọng chúng ta sẽ cùng nhau tìm ra được những giải pháp hữu hiệu nhất có thể để bảo vệ được quyền lợi và nâng cao vai trò lãnh đạo và tiếng nói của phụ nữ trong lĩnh vực báo chí - truyền thông.

Bemötande är ett ämnesområde som är väldigt centralt för omsorgen av äldre. Det är en företeelse som sker då vårdgivare och vårdtagare möter varandra. En viktig aspekt som bör belysas är utveckling av bemötande. Att ta reda på hur vårdgivaren upplever att den utvecklar sitt bemötande kan belysa på vilka sätt ett bemötande kan utvecklas och förbättras. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vårdgivares upplevelse av hur de utvecklar bemötandet och lär att bemötandet utgör påverkan på vårdtagares hälsofrämjande i omsorgsarbetet. Analysen och tolkningen gjordes utifrån åtta intervjuer där alla respondenterna hade erfarenhet av yrket. Tolkningen skedde med hjälp av hermeneutisk ansats för att få en djupare förståelse för svaren. Resultatet av studien visade att vårdgivaren upplevde att denne lär sig genom att bemöta varje unik individ samt anpassa sig efter varje situation och erfara varje unikt möte med vårdtagaren. Lärandet skedde även genom att kommunicera med vårdtagare i mötet men även med arbetskamrater som bidrog till lärande och därmed bemötandeutveckling, vårdgivaren lärde sig även att bemötandet påverkar vårdtagarens hälsofrämjande genom att vårdtagaren aktivt visade det genom sin kommunikation.