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  • 301.
    Buckland, Philip I.
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies, Environmental Archaeology Lab.
    Buckland, Paul C.
    Pitfall trapping at Gården Under Sandet (GUS) 1995, Western Greenland2023In: Norwegian Journal of Entomology, ISSN 1501-8415, E-ISSN 1894-0692, Vol. 70, p. 158-169Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    During archaeological excavations on the site of the Norse farm at Gården under Sandet (GUS), inAmeralik Fjord, south-west Greenland, the opportunity was taken to sample the modern groundlivinginsect fauna by pitfall trapping from a range of natural habitats for comparison with fossilassemblages from the medieval farm and its midden. Two species, the predatory bug Nabisflavomarginatus Scholtz, 1847 and small ladybird Nephus redtenbacheri Mulsant, 1846 are recordedfor the first time in this part of Greenland, although there are earlier records from the sedimentsassociated with medieval farms in the region and both have been regarded as Norse introductions. Theminute staphylinid Mycetoporus nigrans Mäklin, 1853, added to the Greenland list from this materialby Peter Hammond (in Buckland et al. 1998), was found to be common in most natural habitatsaround GUS. Grids of eight traps, four at ground level and four on posts, were set out in six localitiesdefined by their vegetational characteristics and emptied three times over the month-long samplingperiod. The cicadellid Psammotettix lividellus (Zetterstedt, 1840) appeared in all ground traps beingparticularly abundant on the dwarf birch and sedge dominated floodplain, to which the polyphagousmirid bug Chlamydatus pullus (Reuter, 1870) appears confined.

  • 302.
    Buckland, Philip I.
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies, Environmental Archaeology Lab.
    Buckland, Paul C.
    Species found as fossils in Quaternary sediments2018In: Checklist of beetles of the British Isles: with a chapter on fossil beetles / [ed] Andrew G. Duff, Iver: Pemberley Books , 2018, 3, p. 171-174Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 303.
    Buckland, Philip I.
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies, Environmental Archaeology Lab.
    Buckland, Paul C.
    Olsson, Fredrik
    Paleoentomology: insects and other arthropods in environmental archaeology2018In: Encyclopedia of global archaeology / [ed] Claire Smith, Cham: Springer, 2018, 2Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Insects are the most diverse group of animals on the planet and as such are present in a wider variety of habitats than most other complex organisms. This diversity, in addition to a long evolutionary history (Grimaldi and Engel 2005), and together with a propensity to be preserved in both desiccating and anaerobic environments, has provided an excellent tool for the reconstruction of both Quaternary and more immediate archaeological environments. Insect remains often provide proxy environmental information on the immediate context from which the fossils are derived, and as such may be either complementary to the more regional picture provided by palynology or indicate site conditions, such as levels of hygiene and evidence of trading connections, which are rarely available from any other palaeoecological source. They therefore provide information on a broad range of habitats and conditions, on- and off-site, and in addition, in appropriate contexts, also climate. Processing of samples is essentially simple, requiring readily available materials, yet is time consuming, and identification of the usually disarticulated fragments (sclerites) requires diligence and patience and access to well-curated reference collections. Fortunately, abundant literature, computer software, and database tools now exist to aid in their interpretation.

  • 304.
    Buckland, Philip I.
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies, Environmental Archaeology Lab.
    Eriksson, Erik J.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies, Environmental Archaeology Lab.
    Palm, Fredrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Humlab.
    SEAD - The Strategic Environmental Archaeology Database: Progress Report Spring 20142014Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This report provides an overview of the progress and results of the VR:KFI infrastructure projects 2007-7494 and (825-)2010-5976. It should be considered as a status report in an on-going long-term research infrastructure development project.

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    SEAD - Progress Report Spring 2014
  • 305. Buffington, Matthew L
    et al.
    Forshage, Mattias
    Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Zoology.
    Redescription of Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering, 1905), new combiantion, (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) a natural enemy of the invasive Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae)2016In: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, ISSN 0013-8797, Vol. 118, no 1, p. 1-13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The new combination of Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering, 1905) is proposed, and the species is redescribed from historical specimens taken in the Neotropical Region as well as more recent specimens reared from Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, 1931 in South Korea. Drosophila suzukii, otherwise known as the spotted-wing Drosophila, is a major pest of soft fruits the world over, and the search for effective natural enemies of this fly are ongoing. Though not parasitoids of D. suzukii, we also propose the following new combinations: Dieucoila brasiliensis (Kieffer, 1909), new combination, and Dieucoila brasiliana (Weld, 1952), new combination. After summarizing all known species of Eucoilinae with the specific epithet ‘brasiliensis’, we encourage future researchers to avoid this name in order prevent nomenclatural confusion.

  • 306. Buffington, Matthew L
    et al.
    Forshage, Mattias
    Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Zoology.
    The description of Garudella Buffington and Forshage, new genus (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae)2014In: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, ISSN 0013-8797, Vol. 116, no 3, p. 225-242Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Garudella, a remarkable new genus of eucoiline wasp is described from Thailand, Laos, and the Republic of Congo. Four new species of Garudella are described as well: G. acothonaspis, G. afrotropica, G. algo, and G. alicae. Several autapomorphies distinguish this genus from other eucoiline genera: a distinctly protracted and broadened pronotal plate; a massive, posteriorly protruding prop- odeum; reduced posterior rim of metapleuron; reduced scutellar foveae and lack of lateral bar “windows”; and a generally reduced scutellar plate. In addition, the posterior of the head has a distinctly curved occipital impression, resulting in the cuticle surrounding the foramen magnum to be extruded into a neck-like process. The biology of Garudella is unknown, but based on phylogenetic inference from morphology, the presumed host could be a cyclorrhaphous Diptera in a saprophagous environment.

  • 307. Buffington, Matthew L
    et al.
    Gallardo, Fabiana E
    Reche, Vanina
    Forshage, Mattias
    Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Zoology.
    A Revision of Zaeucoila Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Figitidae), Parasitoids of Agromyzidae (Diptera): New Species, Identity, Distribution, and Hosts2017In: Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, ISSN 0013-8797, Vol. 119, no 3, p. 317-397Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The eucoiline genus Zaeucoila Ashmead is revised. Following a re- evaluation combining previously published phylogenetic data and new specimens, Agrostocynips D ́ıaz is synonymized with Zaeucoila. All species included in Zaeucoila are systematically treated, and now amounts to twelve, seven of which are described as new here: Zaeucoila bitiburculata new species, Z. fidalgoii new species, Z. infuscata new species, Z. johnsonii new species, Z. lignys new species, Z. normae new species, Z. patera new species. The following new combinations are proposed and species redescribed: Zaeucoila grenadensis (Ashmead), new combination; Z. robusta (Ashmead), new combination; Z. flavipes (Ashmead), new combination. Agrostocynips diastrophi (Ashmead), Agrostocynips clavatus D ́ıaz, and Agrostocynips enneatoma (D ́ıaz) are new synonyms of Zaeucoila robusta. Zaeucoila incompleta (Kieffer), Z. triangu- lifera Kieffer, and Z. unicarinata Ashmead are redescribed. Zaeucoila is an unusual genus of Zaeucoilini in its wide distribution area: it can be found from southern Argentina well into the eastern United States and southern Canada; no other zaeucoiline genus shows such a pattern. Host records and geographic data for Zaeucoila are brought up to date, as well as a key to species. Zeucoila are primary parasitoids of Agromyzidae, including Liriomyza trifolii and other species that are notable economic pests of agriculture. Tropideucoila fulvonotata (Kieffer) is transferred to Marthiella (new combination).

  • 308.
    Bukontaite, Rasa
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology. Swedish Museum of Natural History.
    Evolution of the Biodiversity Hotspot of Madagascar from the Eye of Diving Beetles: Phylogeny, colonization and speciation2015Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Dytiscidae, contains numerous endemic and non-endemic species on Madagascar. Their evolutionary history is largely unknown on the island. Herein, I use analyses to infer phylogenetic relationship among groups of diving beetles, with a focus on the subfamily Dytiscinae and endemic species in two other groups of Dytiscidae. Paper I represents the first phylogenetic reconstruction focusing on the tribe Aciliini based on molecular data. Several commonly used molecular markers, as well as a new marker for Hydradephagan beetles, were evaluated in this study. Our analyses suggest that six genera within Aciliini are monophyletic. The most basal clades with Neotropical and Afrotropical taxa suggest a possible Gondwanan origin. Evaluation of gene fragments indicated CAD to be the most informative marker. Paper II focuses on colonization and radiation events of large bodied endemic diving beetles of the tribes Cybistrini and Hydaticini on Madagascar. Colonization events were inferred from dated phylogenetic trees and ancestral biogeographical reconstructions. Our results suggest both multiple colonizations, and out-of-Madagascar dispersal events, mostly during the Miocene and Oligocene. In paper III, we revised the Rhantus species of Madagascar. We used both molecular and morphological data to evaluate species hypothesis and emphasized the value of Manjakatompo – one of the last remaining fragments of central highland forests. In Paper IV we reconstruct the phylogeny and use Species Distribution Modelling for the endemic genus Pachynectes in Madagascar. Our sampling has discovered that the species diversity of Pachynectes is at least three times higher than previously believed. It seems that allopatric speciation was the main driver, which led to the diversity of Pachynectes. Our results suggest that climatic gradients and the five main biomes were a better predictor than watershed systems in explaining the distribution pattern and speciation between sister species. 

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  • 309.
    Bukontaite, Rasa
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology. Swedish Museum of Natural History, Sweden.
    Ranarilalatiana, Tolotra
    Randriamihaja, Jacquelin Herisahala
    Bergsten, Johannes
    In or Out-of-Madagascar?-Colonization Patterns for Large-Bodied Diving Beetles (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)2015In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 10, no 3, article id e0120777Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    High species diversity and endemism within Madagascar is mainly the result of species radiations following colonization from nearby continents or islands. Most of the endemic taxa are thought to be descendants of a single or small number of colonizers that arrived from Africa sometime during the Cenozoic and gave rise to highly diverse groups. This pattern is largely based on vertebrates and a small number of invertebrate groups. Knowledge of the evolutionary history of aquatic beetles on Madagascar is lacking, even though this species-rich group is often a dominant part of invertebrate freshwater communities in both standing and running water. Here we focus on large bodied diving beetles of the tribes Hydaticini and Cybistrini. Our aims with this study were to answer the following questions 1) How many colonization events does the present Malagasy fauna originate from? 2) Did any colonization event lead to a species radiation? 3) Where did the colonizers come from-Africa or Asia- and has there been any out-of-Madagascar event? 4) When did these events occur and were they concentrated to any particular time interval? Our results suggest that neither in Hydaticini nor in Cybistrini was there a single case of two or more endemic species forming a monophyletic group. The biogeographical analysis indicated different colonization histories for the two tribes. Cybistrini required at least eight separate colonization events, including the non-endemic species, all comparatively recent except the only lotic (running water) living Cybister operosus with an inferred colonization at 29 Ma. In Hydaticini the Madagascan endemics were spread out across the tree, often occupying basal positions in different species groups. The biogeographical analyses therefore postulated the very bold hypothesis of a Madagascan origin at a very deep basal node within Hydaticus and multiple out-of-Madagascar dispersal events. This hypothesis needs to be tested with equally intense taxon sampling of mainland Africa as for Madagascar.

  • 310.
    Burraco, Pablo
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology. Univ Glasgow, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland..
    Bonzom, Jean-Marc
    Inst Radioprotect & Surete Nucl IRSN, PSE ENV SRTE LECO, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France..
    Car, Clement
    Inst Radioprotect & Surete Nucl IRSN, PSE ENV SRTE LECO, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France..
    Beaugelin-Seiller, Karine
    Inst Radioprotect & Surete Nucl IRSN, PSE ENV SRTE LECO, F-13115 St Paul Les Durance, France..
    Gashchak, Sergey
    Chornobyl Ctr Nucl Safety Radioact Waste & Radioe, UA-07100 Slavutych, Ukraine..
    Orizaola, German
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology. Univ Oviedo, IMIB, Biodivers Res Inst, CSIC Princip Asturias, Mieres 33600, Asturias, Spain.;Univ Oviedo, Dept Biol Organisms & Syst, Zool Unit, Oviedo 33071, Asturias, Spain..
    Lack of impact of radiation on blood physiology biomarkers of Chernobyl tree frogs2021In: Frontiers in Zoology, E-ISSN 1742-9994, Vol. 18, article id 33Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Human actions have altered natural ecosystems worldwide. Among the many pollutants released to the environment, ionizing radiation can cause severe damage at different molecular and functional levels. The accident in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (1986) caused the largest release of ionizing radiation to the environment in human history. Here, we examined the impact of the current exposure to ionizing radiation on blood physiology biomarkers of adult males of the Eastern tree frog (Hyla orientalis) inhabiting within and outside the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. We measured the levels of eight blood parameters (sodium, potassium, chloride, ionized calcium, total carbon dioxide, glucose, urea nitrogen, and anion gap), physiological markers of homeostasis, as well as of liver and kidney function.

    Results: Levels of blood physiology biomarkers did not vary in function of the current exposure of tree frogs to ionizing radiation within the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Physiological blood levels were similar in frogs inhabiting Chernobyl (both in areas with medium-high or low radiation) than in tree frogs living outside Chernobyl exposed only to background radiation levels.

    Conclusions: The observed lack of effects of current radiation levels on blood biomarkers can be a consequence of the low levels of radiation currently experienced by Chernobyl tree frogs, but also to the fact that our sampling was restricted to active breeding males, i.e. potentially healthy adult individuals. Despite the clear absence of effects of current radiation levels on physiological blood parameters in tree frogs, more research covering different life stages and ecological scenarios is still needed to clarify the impact of ionizing radiation on the physiology, ecology, and dynamics of wildlife inhabiting radioactive-contaminated areas.

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  • 311.
    Burraco, Pablo
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology. CSIC, Doñana Biol Stn, Ecol Evolut & Dev Grp, Seville, Spain.
    Iglesias-Carrasco, Maider
    CSIC, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Evolutionary Ecol, Madrid, Spain; Aranzadi Soc Sci, Dept Herpetol, San Sebastian, Spain; Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
    Carlos, Cabido
    Aranzadi Soc Sci, Dept Herpetol, San Sebastian, Spain.
    Ivan, Gomez-Mestre
    CSIC, Doñana Biol Stn, Ecol Evolut & Dev Grp, Seville, Spain.
    Eucalypt leaf litter impairs growth and development of amphibian larvae, inhibits their antipredator responses and alters their physiology2018In: Conservation Physiology, E-ISSN 2051-1434, Vol. 6, no 1, article id coy066Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Consequences of human actions like global warming, spread of exotic species or resource consumption are pushing species to extinction. Even species considered to be at low extinction risk often show signs of local declines. Here, we evaluate the impact of eucalypt plantations, the best-known exotic tree species worldwide and its interaction with temperature and predators on amphibian development, growth, antipredator responses and physiology. For this purpose, we applied a fully factorial experiment crossing two types of leaf litter (native oak or eucalypt), two temperatures (15 and 20°C) and presence/absence of native predators. We found that leachates of eucalypt leaf litter reduced amphibian development and growth, compromised their antipredator responses and altered their metabolic rate. Increased temperature itself also posed serious alterations on development, growth, antioxidant ability and the immune status of tadpoles. However, the combined effects of eucalypt leaf litter and increased temperature were additive, not synergistic. Therefore, we show that non-lethal levels of a globally spread disruptor such as leachates from eucalypt leaf litter can seriously impact the life history and physiology of native amphibian populations. This study highlights the need to evaluate the status of wild populations exposed to human activities even if not at an obvious immediate risk of extinction, based on reliable stress markers, in order to anticipate demographic declines that may be hard to reverse once started. Replacing eucalypt plantations with native trees in protected areas would help improving the health of local amphibian larvae. In zones of economic interest, we would recommend providing patches of native vegetation around ponds and removing eucalypt leaf litter from pond basins during their dry phase.

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  • 312.
    Burraco, Pablo
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology. Spanish Res Council, Donana Biol Stn, CSIC, EBD, Seville 41092, Spain..
    Salla, Raquel Fernanda
    Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Postgrad Program Biotechnol & Environm Monitoring, BR-18052780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.;Univ Fed Goias, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth, BR-74605050 Goiania, GO, Brazil..
    Orizaola, German
    Univ Oviedo, Univ Oviedo CSIC Princip Asturias, Biodivers Res Inst, IMIB, Mieres 33600, Asturias, Spain.;Univ Oviedo, Dept Biol Organisms & Syst, Zool Unit, Oviedo 33071, Asturias, Spain..
    Exposure to ionizing radiation and liver histopathology in the tree frogs of Chornobyl (Ukraine)2023In: Chemosphere, ISSN 0045-6535, E-ISSN 1879-1298, Vol. 315, article id 137753Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Ionizing radiation has the potential to damage organic molecules and decrease the health and survival of wildlife. The accident at the Chornobyl Nuclear Plant (Ukraine, 1986) led to the largest release of radioactive material to the environment. Among the different organs of a vertebrate, the liver plays a crucial role in detoxification processes, and has been used as a biomarker to investigate cellular damage in ecotoxicological research. Here, we examined the impact of the exposure to the current levels of ionizing radiation present in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone on the liver of Eastern tree frogs (Hyla orientalis). We quantified the area of melanomacrophage cells and morphological variables of hepatocytes, two cell types often used to estimate damage caused by pol-lutants in vertebrates. First, we investigated whether these hepatic parameters were indicative of frog (indi-vidual) condition. Then, we analyzed the effect of individual absorbed dose rates and ambient radiation levels on frog livers. Most of the studied parameters were correlated with individual body condition (a good predictor of amphibian fitness and survival). We did not detect marked morphological lesions in the liver of frogs captured in medium-high radiation environments. The area occupied by melanomacrophages and the morphology of he-patocytes did not change across a gradient of radiocontamination covering two orders of magnitude. Once accounting for body condition and sampling locality, the area of melanomacrophages was lower in areas with high radiation levels. Finally, the area occupied by melanomacrophages was not linked to dorsal skin coloration. Our results indicate that current levels of radiation experienced by tree frogs in Chornobyl do not cause histo-pathological damage in their liver. These results agree with previous physiological work in the species in the Chornobyl area, and encourage further molecular and physiological research to fully disentangle the current impact of the Chornobyl accident on wildlife.

  • 313.
    Burraco, Pablo
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology. EBD CSIC, Donana Biol Stn, Ecol Evolut & Dev Grp, Seville, Spain.
    Valdes, Ana Elisa
    Stockholm Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Plant Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Orizaola, German
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology. Univ Oviedo, CSIC, Princip Asturias, UMIB Res Unit Biodivers, Mieres, Spain;Univ Oviedo, Dept Biol Organisms & Syst, Zool Unit, Oviedo, Spain.
    Metabolic costs of altered growth trajectories across life transitions in amphibians2020In: Journal of Animal Ecology, ISSN 0021-8790, E-ISSN 1365-2656, Vol. 89, no 3, p. 855-866Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Climate change is causing increases in temperature and in the frequency of extreme weather events. Under this scenario, organisms should maintain or develop strategies to cope with environmental fluctuations, such as the capacity to modify growth trajectories. However, altering growth can have negative consequences for organisms' fitness. Here, we investigated the metabolic alterations induced by compensatory growth during the larval development of the common frog (Rana temporaria), quantifying changes in oxidative stress, corticosterone levels and telomere length. We induced compensatory growth responses by exposing frog embryos to cold conditions (i.e. a 'false spring' scenario), which cause a delay in hatching. Once hatched, we reared larvae at two different photoperiods (24:0, representing the natural photoperiod of larvae, and 18:6) to test also for the interactive effects of light on growth responses. Larvae experiencing delayed hatching showed fast compensatory responses and reached larger size at metamorphosis. Larvae shortened their developmental period in response to delayed hatching. Non-permanent light conditions resulted in relaxed growth compared with larvae reared under permanent light conditions, which grew at their natural photoperiod and closer to their maximal rates. Growth responses altered the redox status and corticosterone levels of larvae. These physiological changes were developmental stage-dependent and mainly affected by photoperiod conditions. At catch-up, larvae reared at 18:6 light:dark cycles showed higher antioxidant activities and glucocorticoid secretion. On the contrary, larvae reared at 24:0 developed at higher rates without altering their oxidative status, likely an adaptation to grow under very restricting seasonal conditions at early life. At metamorphosis, compensatory responses induced higher cellular antioxidant activities probably caused by enhanced metabolism. Telomere length remained unaltered by experimental treatments but apparently tended to elongate across larval ontogeny, which would be a first evidence of telomere lengthening across metamorphosis. Under the forecasted increase in extreme climatic events, adjusting growth and developmental rates to the dynamics of environmental fluctuations may be essential for survival, but it can carry metabolic costs and affect later performance. Understanding the implications of such costs will be essential to properly estimate the impact of climate change on wild animals.

  • 314.
    Burreau, Sven
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    On the uptake and biomagnification of PCBs and PBDEs in fish and aquatic food chains2001Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
  • 315.
    Bystedt, David
    Gotland University, School of Culture, Energy and Environment.
    Havsöringens (Salmo trutta) lekvandring i Själsöån, Gotland.2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In this study, the sea trout (Salmo trutta) spawning migration was studied in the river Själsöån, Gotland, to assess the main external factors determining upstream migration and seasonal changes in fish parameters. Additionally population trends were studied by examination of old data. The most important external factors for upstream migration were the air pressure, air temperature and wind direction. No significant difference was found between when males and females migrated upstream. Larger females in better condition started migration earlier than the smaller females in poorer condition. Later arriving females stayed in the stream for a shorter period. Regarding changes over time, the results showed that the variation between years in number of spawners, female size and condition, and sex ratio was high but with no trends. The population appears to be stable.

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    Examensarbete David.pdf
  • 316.
    Byström, Pär
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences.
    Huss, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences.
    Persson, Lennart
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences.
    Ontogenetic constraints and diet shifts in Perch (Perca fluviatilis): mechanisms and consequences for intra-cohort cannibalism2012In: Freshwater Biology, ISSN 0046-5070, E-ISSN 1365-2427, Vol. 57, no 4, p. 847-857Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    1. In many populations, sufficient size variation to allow for cannibalism may develop not only among age cohorts but also within them. Here, we used data on resource dynamics, consumer body size distribution and gape size limitation to unravel mechanisms promoting cannibalism within cohorts of young-of-the-year (YOY) perch (Perca fluviatilis). 2. Perch are strongly gape limited when feeding on large zooplankton during early ontogeny. As a consequence, only initially large fish were able to shift to feeding on abundant large invertebrates, necessary to sustain fast growth. 3. We suggest that a combination of high initial size variation and exclusive access to resources for individuals with an initial size advantage is a prerequisite for the development of a size distribution sufficient for intra-cohort cannibalism to occur. 4. During the time when cannibalism was observed, growth of the largest individuals in YOY perch cohorts was faster than that of smaller individuals. However, the energy gain from cannibalism did not increase growth rate enough to reach a size necessary to feed on more abundant size classes of victims, and therefore, the effect of cannibalism on overall cohort density was minor. 5. In addition to a high energy gain from cannibalism allowing for fast growth, strong resource limitation and slow growth rates of small individuals (i.e. potential victims) are a prerequisite not only for the development of intra-cohort cannibalism but also for its persistence.

  • 317.
    Båmstedt, Ulf
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Umeå Marine Sciences Centre (UMF).
    Wikner, Johan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences. Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Umeå Marine Sciences Centre (UMF).
    Mixing depth and allochthonous dissolved organic carbon: controlling factors of coastal trophic balance2016In: Marine Ecology Progress Series, ISSN 0171-8630, E-ISSN 1616-1599, Vol. 561, p. 17-29Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    ABSTRACT: The interacting effects of different mixing depths and increased allochthonous dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on the ratio of heterotrophic to autotrophic production (i.e. trophic balance) was evaluated in a mesocosm study with a stratified water column. An autumn plankton community from the northern Bothnian Sea showed significantly decreased phytoplankton production and somewhat increased bacterial production with added DOC. In addition, increased mixing depth further reduced phytoplankton production. With a deep pycnocline and added DOC, the system became net-heterotrophic, with an average bacteria-to-phytoplankton production ratio of 1.24. With a deep pycnocline without added DOC, the trophic balance was changed to 0.44 (i.e. autotrophic). With a shallow pycnocline, the system remained net-autotrophic irrespective of DOC addition. We propose that increased precipitation in northern Europe due to climate change may result in changed density stratification and increased allochthonous DOC transport to the sea, leading to more heterotrophic coastal aquatic ecosystems. Such a scenario may entail reduced biological production at higher trophic levels and enhanced CO2 emission to the atmosphere.

  • 318.
    Böcking, Detlef
    et al.
    Institute of Zoophysiology, University of Bonn, Germany.
    Dircksen, Heinrich
    Institute of Zoophysiology, University of Bonn, Germany.
    Keller, Rainer
    Institute of Zoophysiology, University of Bonn, Germany.
    The crustacean neuropeptides of the CHH/MIH/GIH family: Structures and biological activities.2002In: The Crustacean Nervous System. / [ed] Konrad Wiese, Heidelberg: Springer , 2002, p. 84-97Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 319.
    Börjesson, Patrik
    Stockholm University.
    Geographical variation and resource use in harbour porpoises2002Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
  • 320. Cafaro, Philip
    et al.
    Butler, Tom
    Crist, Eileen
    Cryer, Paul
    Dinerstein, Eric
    Kopnina, Helen
    Noss, Reed
    Piccolo, John
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Environmental and Life Sciences (from 2013).
    Taylor, Bron
    Vynne, Carly
    Washington, Haydn
    If we want a whole Earth, Nature Needs Half: a response to Buscher et al.2017In: Oryx, ISSN 0030-6053, E-ISSN 1365-3008, Vol. 51, no 3, p. 400-400Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 321.
    Campenni, Marco
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Stockholm Resilience Centre. Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Italy.
    Manciocco, Arianna
    Vitale, Augusto
    Schino, Gabriele
    Exchanging Grooming, But not Tolerance and Aggression in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)2015In: American Journal of Primatology, ISSN 0275-2565, E-ISSN 1098-2345, Vol. 77, no 2, p. 222-228Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study, we investigated the reciprocal exchanges of grooming, tolerance and reduced aggression in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), a cooperatively breeding primate whose groups are typically characterized by uniformly high genetic relatedness and high interdependency between group members. Both partner control and partner choice processes played a role in the reciprocal exchanges of grooming. In contrast, we did not find any evidence of reciprocity between grooming and tolerance over a preferred food source or between grooming and reduced aggression. Thus, reciprocity seems to play a variable role in the exchange of cooperative behaviors in marmosets. Am. J. Primatol. 77:222-228, 2015.

  • 322.
    Campera, Marco
    et al.
    Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Balestri, Michela
    School of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Phelps, Megan
    School of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Besnard, Fiona
    Shuttleworth College, University of Bedfordshire, Biggleswade, United Kingdom.
    Mauguiere, Julie
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences.
    Rakotoarimanana, Faniry
    Asity Madagascar, Taolagnaro, Madagascar.
    Nijman, Vincent
    School of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Nekaris, K.A.I.
    School of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Donati, Giuseppe
    School of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Depth of edge influence in a Madagascar lowland rainforest and its effects on lemurs’ abundance2023In: Land, E-ISSN 2073-445X, Vol. 12, no 1, article id 81Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Edge effects result from interactions between adjacent habitats, which can modify abiotic and biotic conditions and produce various negative effects on biodiversity. Given the high degree of forest fragmentation in Madagascar, understanding lemur responses to edges is a conservation priority. We aim to determine the depth of edge influence in a continuous low-land rainforest of south-eastern Madagascar and identify the response of six lemur species. We surveyed lemur abundance along nine 1 km transects from May 2015 to July 2016 totaling 112.2 km of survey effort during the day and 88.5 km at night. We characterized the habitat structure via 33 plots centered along the line transects. We used Generalized Additive Models and Generalized Linear Models to test the effect of distance from the forest edge on vegetation parameters and animal encounter rates. Edge effect on the vegetation structure can be detected up to around 100 m in terms of tree diversity and density. We found a negative edge response for Madame Fleurette’s sportive lemurs (Lepilemur fleuretae) and collared brown lemurs (Eulemur collaris), and a positive edge response for Anosy mouse lemurs (Microcebus tanosi), Southern bamboo lemurs (Hapalemur meridionalis) and Southern woolly lemurs (Avahi meridionalis). Since around half of the forested areas in Madagascar are within 100 m of forest edge, taking into account edge effect is vital when producing estimates of population sizes and informing conservation management.

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  • 323.
    Campione, Nicolas E.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Earth Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences.
    Postcranial Anatomy of Edmontosaurus regalis (Hadrosauridae) from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation, Alberta, Canada2014In: Hadrosaurs: Proceedings of the International Hadrosaur Symposium / [ed] David A. Ebert, David C. Evans, Indiana University Press, 2014, p. 208-244Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 324.
    Campione, Nicolas E.
    et al.
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
    Brink, Kirstin S.
    University of Toronto.
    Freedman, Elizabeth A.
    Montana State University.
    McGarrity, Christopher T.
    University of Toronto.
    Evans, David C,
    Royal Ontario Museum.
    Glishades ericksoni’, an indeterminate juvenile hadrosaurid from the Two Medicine Formation of Montana: implications for hadrosauroid diversity in the latest Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian) of western North America2013In: Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments, ISSN 1867-1594, Vol. 93, no 1, p. 65-75Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Glishades ericksoni was named on the basis of partial paired premaxillae collected from the Late Campanian Two Medicine Formation of Montana, and was described as a non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid. This interpretation of G. ericksoni has significant implications for hadrosauroid diversity and distribution because it represents the first occurrence of a non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid in the Late Campanian of North America, and therefore implies either a prolonged period of sympatry between these forms and hadrosaurids or a biotic interchange with Asia. Given its small size, and therefore potential juvenile status, the taxonomic identity of G. ericksoni is re-evaluated here. Comparison with similarly-sized, taxonomically determinate, and coeval hadrosaurid specimens from the Two Medicine Formation (ProsaurolophusGryposaurus, andMaiasaura) suggest that the combination of characters used to distinguish G. ericksoni as a non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid are more widely distributed or individually variable in hadrosaurids, or can be explained as the result of ontogenetic variation. In particular, the unique combination of characters used to diagnose G. ericksoni is also found in juvenile individuals of Prosaurolophus,Gryposaurus, and Maiasaura. Inclusion of juveniles of these taxa, scored on the basis of comparable anatomy, in the original phylogenetic analysis recovers the juvenile hadrosaurid specimens outside Hadrosauridae. Consequently, G. ericksoni cannot be confidently differentiated from a juvenile saurolophine, which are common in the upper and middle sections of the Two Medicine Formation, and is thus considered a nomen dubium. Given their absence in well-sampled Late Campanian and Maastrichtian deposits, non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroids appear to have been completely replaced by hadrosaurids in western North America by the Late Campanian.

  • 325. Campione, Nicolas E.
    et al.
    Evans, David C.
    Royal Ontario Museum.
    A universal scaling relationship between body mass and proximal limb bone dimensions in quadrupedal terrestrial tetrapods2012In: BMC Biology, E-ISSN 1741-7007, Vol. 10, p. 60-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Body size is intimately related to the physiology and ecology of an organism. Therefore, accurate and consistent body mass estimates are essential for inferring numerous aspects of paleobiology in extinct taxa, and investigating large-scale evolutionary and ecological patterns in the history of life. Scaling relationships between skeletal measurements and body mass in birds and mammals are commonly used to predict body mass in extinct members of these crown clades, but the applicability of these models for predicting mass in more distantly related stem taxa, such as non-avian dinosaurs and non-mammalian synapsids, has been criticized on biomechanical grounds. Here we test the major criticisms of scaling methods for estimating body mass using an extensive dataset of mammalian and non-avian reptilian species derived from individual skeletons with live weights.

    Results

    Significant differences in the limb scaling of mammals and reptiles are noted in comparisons of limb proportions and limb length to body mass. Remarkably, however, the relationship between proximal (stylopodial) limb bone circumference and body mass is highly conserved in extant terrestrial mammals and reptiles, in spite of their disparate limb postures, gaits, and phylogenetic histories. As a result, we are able to conclusively reject the main criticisms of scaling methods that question the applicability of a universal scaling equation for estimating body mass in distantly related taxa.

    Conclusions

    The conserved nature of the relationship between stylopodial circumference and body mass suggests that the minimum diaphyseal circumference of the major weight-bearing bones is only weakly influenced by the varied forces exerted on the limbs (that is, compression or torsion) and most strongly related to the mass of the animal. Our results, therefore, provide a much-needed, robust, phylogenetically corrected framework for accurate and consistent estimation of body mass in extinct terrestrial quadrupeds, which is important for a wide range of paleobiological studies (including growth rates, metabolism, and energetics) and meta-analyses of body size evolution.

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  • 326.
    Campione, Nicolas E.
    et al.
    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
    Evans, David C.
    Royal Ontario Museum.
    Cranial Growth and Variation in Edmontosaurs (Dinosauria: Hadrosauridae): Implications for Latest Cretaceous Megaherbivore Diversity in North America2011In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 6, no 9, p. e25186-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The well-sampled Late Cretaceous fossil record of North America remains the only high-resolution dataset for evaluating patterns of dinosaur diversity leading up to the terminal Cretaceous extinction event. Hadrosaurine hadrosaurids (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) closely related to Edmontosaurus are among the most common megaherbivores in latest Campanian and Maastrichtian deposits of western North America. However, interpretations of edmontosaur species richness and biostratigraphy have been in constant flux for almost three decades, although the clade is generally thought to have undergone a radiation in the late Maastrichtian. We address the issue of edmontosaur diversity for the first time using rigorous morphometric analyses of virtually all known complete edmontosaur skulls. Results suggest only two valid species, Edmontosaurus regalis from the late Campanian, and E. annectens from the late Maastrichtian, with previously named taxa, including the controversial Anatotitan copei, erected on hypothesized transitional morphologies associated with ontogenetic size increase and allometric growth. A revision of North American hadrosaurid taxa suggests a decrease in both hadrosaurid diversity and disparity from the early to late Maastrichtian, a pattern likely also present in ceratopsid dinosaurs. A decline in the disparity of dominant megaherbivores in the latest Maastrichtian interval supports the hypothesis that dinosaur diversity decreased immediately preceding the end Cretaceous extinction event.

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  • 327.
    Campione, Nicolas E.
    et al.
    Carleton University , Ottawa , Canada.
    Holmes, Robert
    University of Alberta.
    The anatomy and homologies of the ceratopsid syncervical2006In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, ISSN 0272-4634, E-ISSN 1937-2809, Vol. 26, no 4, p. 1014-1017Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 328.
    Campione, Nicolas E.
    et al.
    University of Toronto, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Toronto, Canada.
    Reisz, Robert R.
    University of Toronto Mississauga.
    Morphology and evolutionary significance of the atlas-axis complex in varanopid synapsids2011In: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, ISSN 0567-7920, E-ISSN 1732-2421, Vol. 56, no 4, p. 739-748Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The atlas−axis complex has been described in few Palaeozoic taxa, with little effort being placed on examining variation of this structure within a small clade. Most varanopids, members of a clade of gracile synapsid predators, have well preserved atlas−axes permitting detailed descriptions and examination of morphological variation. This study indicates that the size of the transverse processes on the axis and the shape of the axial neural spine vary among members of this clade. In particular, the small mycterosaurine varanopids possess small transverse processes that point posteroventrally, and the axial spine is dorsoventrally short, with a flattened dorsal margin in lateral view. The larger varanodontine varanopids have large transverse processes with a broad base, and a much taller axial spine with a rounded dorsal margin in lateral view. Based on outgroup comparisons, the morphology exhibited by the transverse processes is interpreted as derived in varanodontines, whereas the morphology of the axial spine is derived in mycterosaurines. The axial spine anatomy of Middle Permian South African varanopids is reviewed and our interpretation is consistent with the hypothesis that at least two varanopid taxa are present in South Africa, a region overwhelmingly dominated by therapsid synapsids and parareptiles.

  • 329.
    Campione, Nicolas E.
    et al.
    University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
    Reisz, Robert R.
    University of Toronto Mississauga.
    Varanops brevirostris (Eupelycosauria: Varanopidae) from the Lower Permian of Texas, with discussion of varanopid morphology and interrelationships2010In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, ISSN 0272-4634, E-ISSN 1937-2809, Vol. 30, no 3, p. 724-746Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A comprehensive revision of Varanops brevirostris on the basis of a large, well-preserved specimen from a new Lower Permian locality in Texas provides valuable new anatomical information and additional autapomorphies for this varanopid synapsid taxon. These include the loss of the postorbital boss, the presence of a smooth transition between the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the postorbital, hypertrophied basipterygoid processes, the presence of deep, elongate lateral neural spine excavations, posterior dorsal vertebrae with dorsally tapered neural spines, and a deep groove proximal to the femoral fourth trochanter. Furthermore, this specimen is the first fully developed adult specimen of Varanops, and it preserves the most complete lower jaw of the taxon. A revised phylogenetic analysis places V. brevirostris as the sister taxon to the Varanodon-Watongia clade. A stratocladistic analysis assessing varanopid relationships by incorporating a stratigraphic character into the analysis recovers the same topology among varanodontines, but an alternate topology between mycterosaurines and Elliotsmithia longiceps.

  • 330.
    Campos, Bruno
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology. Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Spain.
    Rivetti, Claudia
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology. nmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Spain.
    Kress, Timm
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Barata, Carlos
    Dircksen, Heinrich
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Depressing Antidepressant: Fluoxetine Affects Serotonin Neurons Causing Adverse Reproductive Responses in Daphnia magna2016In: Environmental Science and Technology, ISSN 0013-936X, E-ISSN 1520-5851, Vol. 50, no 11, p. 6000-6007Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are widely used antidepressants. As endocrine disruptive contaminants in the environment, SSRIs affect reproduction in aquatic organisms. In the water flea Daphnia magna, SSRIs increase offspring production in a food ration-dependent manner. At limiting food conditions, females exposed to SSRIs produce more but smaller offspring, which is a maladaptive life-history strategy. We asked whether increased serotonin levels in newly identified serotonin-neurons in the Daphnia brain mediate these effects. We provide strong evidence that exogenous SSRI fluoxetine selectively increases serotonin-immunoreactivity in identified brain neurons under limiting food conditions thereby leading to maladaptive offspring production. Fluoxetine increases serotonin-immunoreactivity at low food conditions to similar maximal levels as observed under high food conditions and concomitantly enhances offspring production. Sublethal amounts of the neurotoxin 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine known to specifically ablate serotonin-neurons markedly decrease serotonin-immunoreactivity and offspring production, strongly supporting the effect to be serotonin-specific by reversing the reproductive phenotype attained under fluoxetine. Thus, SSRIs impair serotonin-regulation of reproductive investment in a planktonic key organism causing inappropriately increased reproduction with potentially severe ecological impact.

  • 331.
    Cantera, Rafael
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology. Developmental Neurobiology, IIBCE, Montevideo, Uruguay.
    Barrio, Rosa
    Do the Genes of the Innate Immune Response Contribute to Neuroprotection in Drosophila?2015In: Journal of Innate Immunity, ISSN 1662-811X, E-ISSN 1662-8128, Vol. 7, no 1, p. 3-10Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A profound debate exists on the relationship between neurodegeneration and the innate immune response in humans. Although it is clear that such a relation exists, the causes and consequences of this complex association remain to be determined in detail. Drosophila is being used to investigate the mechanisms involved in neurodegeneration, and all genomic studies on this issue have generated gene catalogues enriched in genes of the innate immune response. We review the data reported in these publications and propose that the abundance of immune genes in studies of neurodegeneration reflects at least two phenomena: (i) some proteins have functions in both immune and nervous systems, and (ii) immune genes might also be of neuroprotective value in Drosophila. This review opens this debate in Drosophila, which could thus be used as an instrumental model to elucidate this question.

  • 332.
    Cantera, Rafael
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Jose Ferreiro, Maria
    Maria Aransay, Ana
    Barrio, Rosa
    Global Gene Expression Shift during the Transition from Early Neural Development to Late Neuronal Differentiation in Drosophila melanogaster2014In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 9, no 5, article id e97703.Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Regulation of transcription is one of the mechanisms involved in animal development, directing changes in patterning and cell fate specification. Large temporal data series, based on microarrays across the life cycle of the fly Drosophila melanogaster, revealed the existence of groups of genes which expression increases or decreases temporally correlated during the life cycle. These groups of genes are enriched in different biological functions. Here, instead of searching for temporal coincidence in gene expression using the entire genome expression data, we searched for temporal coincidence in gene expression only within predefined catalogues of functionally related genes and investigated whether a catalogue's expression profile can be used to generate larger catalogues, enriched in genes necessary for the same function. We analyzed the expression profiles from genes already associated with early neurodevelopment and late neurodifferentiation, at embryonic stages 16 and 17 of Drosophila life cycle. We hypothesized that during this interval we would find global downregulation of genes important for early neuronal development together with global upregulation of genes necessary for the final differentiation of neurons. Our results were consistent with this hypothesis. We then investigated if the expression profile of gene catalogues representing particular processes of neural development matched the temporal sequence along which these processes occur. The profiles of genes involved in patterning, neurogenesis, axogenesis or synaptic transmission matched the prediction, with largest transcript values at the time when the corresponding biological process takes place in the embryo. Furthermore, we obtained catalogues enriched in genes involved in temporally matching functions by performing a genome-wide systematic search for genes with their highest expression levels at the corresponding embryonic intervals. These findings imply the use of gene expression data in combination with known biological information to predict the involvement of functionally uncharacterized genes in particular biological events.

  • 333.
    Carlberg, Ulf
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science.
    The importance of being phosphorylated: regulation of eukaryotic protein synthesis by phosphorylation of elongation factor 21992Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
  • 334. Carlos Senar, Juan
    et al.
    Conroy, Michael J.
    Quesada, Javier
    Mateos-Gonzalez, Fernando
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology.
    Selection based on the size of the black tie of the great tit may be reversed in urban habitats2014In: Ecology and Evolution, E-ISSN 2045-7758, Vol. 4, no 13, p. 2625-2632Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A standard approach to model how selection shapes phenotypic traits is the analysis of capture-recapture data relating trait variation to survival. Divergent selection, however, has never been analyzed by the capture-recapture approach. Most reported examples of differences between urban and nonurban animals reflect behavioral plasticity rather than divergent selection. The aim of this paper was to use a capture-recapture approach to test the hypothesis that divergent selection can also drive local adaptation in urban habitats. We focused on the size of the black breast stripe (i.e., tie width) of the great tit (Parus major), a sexual ornament used in mate choice. Urban great tits display smaller tie sizes than forest birds. Because tie size is mostly genetically determined, it could potentially respond to selection. We analyzed capture/recapture data of male great tits in Barcelona city (N = 171) and in a nearby (7 km) forest (N = 324) from 1992 to 2008 using MARK. When modelling recapture rate, we found it to be strongly influenced by tie width, so that both for urban and forest habitats, birds with smaller ties were more trap-shy and more cautious than their larger tied counterparts. When modelling survival, we found that survival prospects in forest great tits increased the larger their tie width (i.e., directional positive selection), but the reverse was found for urban birds, with individuals displaying smaller ties showing higher survival (i.e., directional negative selection). As melanin-based tie size seems to be related to personality, and both are heritable, results may be explained by cautious personalities being favored in urban environments. More importantly, our results show that divergent selection can be an important mechanism in local adaptation to urban habitats and that capture-recapture is a powerful tool to test it.

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  • 335.
    Carlsson, Mikael A.
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Enell, Lina E.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Nässel, Dick R.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Distribution of short neuropeptide F and its receptor in neuronal circuits related to feeding in larval Drosophila2013In: Cell and Tissue Research, ISSN 0302-766X, E-ISSN 1432-0878, Vol. 353, no 3, p. 511-523Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Four forms of short neuropeptide F (sNPF1-4), derived from the gene snpf, have been identified in Drosophila and are known to act on a single G-protein-coupled receptor (sNPFR). Several functions have been suggested for sNPFs in Drosophila, including the regulation of feeding and growth in larvae, the control of insulin signalling and the modulation of neuronal circuits in adult flies. Furthermore, sNPF has been shown to act as a nutritional state-dependent neuromodulator in the olfactory system. The role of sNPF in the larval nervous system is less well known. To analyse sites of action of sNPF in the larva, we mapped the distribution of sNPF- and sNPFR-expressing neurons. In particular, we studied circuits associated with chemosensory inputs and systems involved in the regulation of feeding, including neurosecretory cell systems and the hypocerebral ganglion. We employed a combination of immunocytochemistry and enhancer trap and promoter Gal4 lines to drive green fluorescent protein. We found a good match between the distribution of the receptor and its ligand. However, several differences between the larval and adult systems were observed. Thus, neither sNPF nor its receptor was found in the olfactory (or other sensory) systems in the larva and cells producing insulin-like peptides did not co-express sNPFR, as opposed to results from adults. Moreover, sNPF was expressed in a subpopulation of Hugin cells (second-order gustatory neurons) only in adult flies. We propose that the differences in sNPF signalling between the developmental stages is explained by differences in their feeding behaviour.

  • 336.
    Carlsson, Mikael A.
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Schäpers, Alexander
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Nässel, Dick R.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Janz, Niklas
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Organization of the olfactory system of Nymphalidae butterflies2013In: Chemical Senses, ISSN 0379-864X, E-ISSN 1464-3553, Vol. 38, no 4, p. 355-367Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Olfaction is in many species the most important sense, essential for food search, mate finding, and predator avoidance. Butterflies have been considered a microsmatic group of insects that mainly rely on vision due to their diurnal lifestyle. However, an emerging number of studies indicate that butterflies indeed use the sense of smell for locating food and oviposition sites. To unravel the neural substrates for olfaction, we performed an anatomical study of 2 related butterfly species that differ in food and host plant preference. We found many of the anatomical structures and pathways, as well as distribution of neuroactive substances, to resemble that of their nocturnal relatives among the Lepidoptera. The 2 species differed in the number of one type of olfactory sensilla, thus indicating a difference in sensitivity to certain compounds. Otherwise no differences could be observed. Our findings suggest that the olfactory system in Lepidoptera is well conserved despite the long evolutionary time since butterflies and moths diverged from a common ancestor.

  • 337.
    Carlström, Julia
    Stockholm University.
    Bycatch, conservation and echolocation of harbour porpoises2003Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
  • 338. Carlström, Julia
    et al.
    Berggren, Per
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Tregenza, Nick
    Spatial and temporal impact of pingers on porpoises2009In: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, ISSN 0706-652X, E-ISSN 1205-7533, Vol. 66, no 1, p. 72-82Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

     

    Bycatches are considered the most serious threat to harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) and other small cetaceans worldwide. Pingers are used to reduce bycatch levels, but may also deter porpoises from critical habitats. We investigated the spatial and temporal responses of porpoises to simulated bottom-set nets equipped with periodically operating Dukane NetMark 1000 pingers. Echolocation rates were monitored by porpoise click train detectors (PODs) placed at and around the nets, and a shore-based observation team recorded surfacing positions and movements. Pinger sound significantly reduced the median echolocation encounter rate by 50%–100% at PODs placed up to 500 m and reduced the sighting rate up to 375 m from the simulated net. The average distance of approach increased by 300 m. When pingers were silent after being active for 24 h 50 min, the return time of porpoises was 6 h, in comparison with 2.5 h after pingers had been silent. During the study period of approximately 50 days, habituation was detectable at two of nine PODs. The results indicate that pingers affect porpoises at greater distances than previously observed. This confirms that pingers are an effective bycatch mitigation measure, but alternative solutions should be applied in ecologically important habitats and migration routes. An example is given from the Baltic region.

     

     

    Bycatches are considered the most serious threat to harbour porpoises and other small cetaceans worldwide.  Pingers are used to reduce bycatch levels, but may also deter porpoises from critical habitats.  We investigated the spatial and temporal responses of porpoises to simulated bottom set nets equipped with periodically operating Dukane NetMark 1000 pingers.  Echolocation rates were monitored by porpoise click train detectors (PODs) placed at and around the nets, and a shore-based observation team recorded surfacing positions and movements.  Pinger sound significantly reduced the median echolocation encounter rate by 50-100% at PODs placed up to 500m, and the sighting rate up to 375m from the simulated net.  The average distance of approach increased by 300m.  When pingers were silent after being active for 24h 50min, the return time of porpoises was 6h, in comparison to 2.5h after pingers had been silent.  During the study period of approximately 50 days, habituation was detectable at two of nine PODs.  The results indicate that pingers affect porpoises at greater distances than previously observed.  This confirms that pingers are an effective bycatch mitigation measure, but alternative solutions should be applied in ecologically important habitats and migration routes. An example is given from the Baltic region.

     

  • 339.
    Carlén, Ida
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Ecology and Conservation of the Baltic Proper Harbour Porpoise2022Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The Baltic Proper harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) population is listed by IUCN as Critically Endangered, but conservation action has been lacking for decades, partly due to very limited knowledge on important ecological parameters such as distribution range and abundance. 

    This thesis provides some of the information needed for implementing effective conservation. The seasonal distribution of harbour porpoises in the study area in the Baltic Sea is modelled based on two years of passive acoustic monitoring data. Results reveal an area of high probability of detection on and around the offshore banks in the Baltic Proper south of the island of Gotland in summer (May – October). This area is likely to be the most important breeding area for the Baltic Proper population given the concentration of animals during the summer reproductive season. A summer management border is identified for the population, going from Jarosławiec on the Polish coast to the inner Hanö Bay on the Swedish coast. The abundance of the population is estimated to 491 individuals (95% CI 71-1105), which confirms the redlist status of the population and underlines the need for immediate conservation measures.  

    The conservation policy of the Baltic Proper harbour porpoise and other harbour porpoise populations in Europe is discussed, detailing the latest developments including the 2020 ICES scientific advice on bycatch mitigation for the Baltic Proper harbour porpoise and noting that the legal framework for protection is mostly present, but that there is still a lack of concrete conservation action. It is suggested that this failure to protect porpoises may be a result of low motivation for decision-makers to take action which in turn is likely due to some politically difficult prioritisations having to be made, in combination with the low public recognition of the harbour porpoise as a species throughout Europe. Suggestions are made for next steps.

    One technical solution to mitigating harbour porpoise bycatch is acoustic deterrent devices, pingers, which are placed on fishing nets to alert harbour porpoises to the presence of nets. However, in the Baltic there has been discussions that pingers work as dinner bells for seals, and fishermen have been hesitating to use them. Here, it is shown that high-frequency pingers do not cause an increase in seal depredation on static nets and hence that they are a viable solution for much needed bycatch mitigation within the distribution range of the Baltic Proper harbour porpoise population.

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    Ecology and Conservation of the Baltic Proper Harbour Porpoise
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  • 340.
    Carlén, Ida
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology. Coalition Clean Baltic.
    Cosentino, Mel
    Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
    High-frequency pingers do not increase catch loss due to seals in the Baltic SeaManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    1.       The Baltic Proper harbour porpoise is listed as Critically Endangered by IUCN, and only a few hundred animals remain. One of the most serious threats to this population is bycatch in static net fisheries. To minimize bycatch, ICES has proposed that acoustic deterrent devices, pingers, should be used on static nets within the population range. 

    2.       However, there has previously been indications that grey seals learn to associate the pinger sounds to the presence of nets with easily accessible prey, and that pinger use therefore can increase the risk of seal depredation in static net fisheries. 

    3.       In recent years, pingers operating at higher frequencies have been made commercially available, the idea being that harbour porpoises will still be able to hear sound at 50-120 kHz while this will be above or at the limit of seal hearing. This would mean that such high-frequency pingers would not induce this so-called dinner-bell effect. 

    4.       In this study, data was collected in active commercial static net fisheries in the Baltic Proper, using two types of high-frequency pingers operating at 50-120 kHz and 70 kHz, respectively. Pingers were attached to nets in accordance with manufacturers’ guidelines, and fishers were asked to estimate the catch loss due to seals in nets with and without pingers. 

    5.       Data was received from 646 deployments made between May 2019 and September 2020. Four generalised mixed effect models were developed with relevant variables. 

    6.       The results suggest using high-frequency pingers does not increase seal depredation on static nets. It is concluded that pingers could be used as an interim measure to minimize bycatch of the Critically Endangered Baltic Proper harbour porpoise population.

  • 341.
    Cassel-Lundhagen, Anna
    et al.
    SLU.
    Schmitt, Thomas
    Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Müncheberg, Germany.
    Wahlberg, Niclas
    Lund University.
    Sarvasová, Lenka
    Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovakia.
    Konvicka, Martin
    Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovakia.
    Ryrholm, Nils
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Science, Biology.
    Kanuch, Peter
    Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovakia; Institute of Biology and Ecology, Slovakia.
    Wing morphology of the butterfly Coenonympha arcania in Europe: Traces of both historical isolation in glacial refugia and current adaptation2020In: Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, ISSN 0947-5745, E-ISSN 1439-0469, Vol. 58, no 4, p. 929-943Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study, we examined the evolutionary outcome of and interplay between historic isolation and current selection pressures on traits more or less closely connected to fitness in the Pearly Heath butterfly (Coenonympha arcania) across its range in Europe. We hypothesized that a trait mean is more related to historic events if it has low connection to fitness, while a trait more closely connected with fitness is expected to have a mean that relates more to current selection pressures. In order to test this, we collected 322 butterflies from across the species range in Europe and measured five wing traits relating to size and color patterns. To infer a phylogeographic history for each individual, we sequenced a 594 bp fragment of the COI gene. The morphological data were then analyzed in relation to selected climatic variables and the history of individuals to disentangle which factors best correlated with morphological variation. The results supported our hypothesis in that wing sizes correlated with summer precipitation but not with its inferred location during the last glaciation. Eyespot position, on the other hand, correlated with the history of individuals but not with the analyzed climatic indicators. The sizes of the black spot and the white band, two traits that were expected to have intermediate selection pressure, were associated with both history and current conditions. Thus, this study illustrates the fascinating interplay between events and processes that lead to a specific evolutionary outcome.

  • 342.
    Cauchard, Laure
    et al.
    Univ Montreal, Dept Sci Biol, Bur D221, Pavillon Marie Victorin,CP 6128,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada..
    Angers, Bernard
    Univ Montreal, Dept Sci Biol, Bur D221, Pavillon Marie Victorin,CP 6128,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada..
    Boogert, Neeltje J.
    Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst, Oxford, England..
    Doligez, Blandine
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology. Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5558, Dept Biometry & Evolutionary Biol, Villeurbanne, France..
    Effect of an anti-malaria drug on behavioural performance on a problem-solving task: An experiment in wild great tits2016In: Behavioural Processes, ISSN 0376-6357, E-ISSN 1872-8308, Vol. 133, p. 24-30Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Malaria parasites have been shown to decrease host fitness in several species in the wild and their detrimental effects on host cognitive ability are well established in humans. However, experimental demonstrations of detrimental effects on non-human host behaviour are currently limited. In this study, we experimentally tested whether injections of an anti-malaria drug affected short-term behavioural responses to a problem-solving task during breeding in a wild population of great tits (Parus major) naturally infected with malaria. Adult females treated against malaria were more active than control females, even though they were not more likely to solve the task or learn how to do so, suggesting that energetic constraints could shape differences in some behaviours while changes in cognitive performances might require more time for the neural system to recover or may depend mainly on infection at the developmental stage. Alternatively, parasite load might be a consequence, rather than a cause, of inter individual variation in cognitive performance. These results also suggest that inter-individual as well as inter-population differences in some behavioural traits may be linked to blood parasite load.

  • 343.
    Cederlund, Göran
    Stockholm University.
    Some aspects of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus (L)) winter ecology in Sweden1981Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
  • 344.
    Cederwall, Hans
    Stockholm University.
    Energy flow and fluctuations of deeper soft bottom macrofauna communities in the Baltic sea1979Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
  • 345.
    Celemín, Enrique
    et al.
    University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology & Systematic Zoology Potsdam Germany.
    Autenrieth, Marijke
    University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology & Systematic Zoology Potsdam Germany.
    Roos, Anna
    Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Environmental research and monitoring. Swedish Museum of Natural History Stockholm Sweden.
    Pawliczka, Iwona
    Prof. Krzysztof Skóra Hel Marine Station, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography University of Gdansk Hel Poland.
    Quintela, María
    Institute of Marine Research Bergen Norway.
    Lindstrøm, Ulf
    Institute of Marine Research Tromsø Norway;UiT The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway.
    Benke, Harald
    Deutsches Meeresmuseum Stralsund Germany.
    Siebert, Ursula
    Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research (ITAW), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation Büsum Germany.
    Lockyer, Christina
    Age Dynamics Kongens Lyngby Denmark.
    Berggren, Per
    School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne UK.
    Özturk, A. Amaha
    Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Fisheries Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey.
    Özturk, Bayram
    Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Fisheries Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey.
    Lesage, Véronique
    Fisheries and Oceans Canada Maurice Lamontagne Institute Mont‐Joli Quebec Canada.
    Tiedemann, Ralph
    University of Potsdam, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Evolutionary Biology & Systematic Zoology Potsdam Germany.
    Evolutionary history and seascape genomics of Harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) across environmental gradients in the North Atlantic and adjacent waters2023In: Molecular Ecology Resources, ISSN 1755-098X, E-ISSN 1755-0998Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) is a highly mobile cetacean species primarily occurring in coastal and shelf waters across the Northern hemisphere. It inhabits heterogeneous seascapes broadly varying in salinity and temperature. Here, we produced 74 whole genomes at intermediate coverage to study Harbour porpoise's evolutionary history and investigate the role of local adaptation in the diversification into subspecies and populations. We identified ~6 million high quality SNPs sampled at eight localities across the North Atlantic and adjacent waters, which we used for population structure, demographic and genotype–environment association analyses. Our results suggest a genetic differentiation between three subspecies (P.p. relicta, P.p. phocoena and P.p. meridionalis), and three distinct populations within P.p. phocoena: Atlantic, Belt Sea and Proper Baltic Sea. Effective population size and Tajima's D suggest population contraction in Black Sea and Iberian porpoises, but expansion in the P.p. phocoena populations. Phylogenetic trees indicate post-glacial colonization from a southern refugium. Genotype–environment association analysis identified salinity as major driver in genomic variation and we identified candidate genes putatively underlying adaptation to different salinity. Our study highlights the value of whole genome resequencing to unravel subtle population structure in highly mobile species, shows how strong environmental gradients and local adaptation may lead to population differentiation, and how neutral and adaptive markers can give different perspectives on population subdivision. The results have great conservation implications as we found inbreeding and low genetic diversity in the endangered Black Sea subspecies and identified the critically endangered Proper Baltic Sea porpoises as a separate population.

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  • 346.
    Celorio-Mancera, Maria de la Paz
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Animal Ecology.
    Ytterberg, A. Jimmy
    Rutishauser, Dorothea
    Janz, Niklas
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Animal Ecology.
    Zubarev, Roman A.
    Effect of host plant and immune challenge on the levels of chemosensory and odorant-binding proteins in caterpillar salivary glands2015In: Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ISSN 0965-1748, E-ISSN 1879-0240, Vol. 61, p. 34-45Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    More than half of the proteome from mandibular glands in caterpillars is represented by chemosensory proteins. Based on sequence similarity, these proteins are putative transporters of ligands to gustatory receptors in sensory organs of insects. We sought to determine whether these proteins are inducible by comparing, both qualitatively and quantitatively, the salivary (mandibular and labial) proteomes from caterpillars (Vanessa cardui) reared on different plants and artificial diet containing either bacteria or bacterial cell-walls. We included a treatment where the caterpillars were switched from feeding on artificial diet to plant material at some point in their development. Additionally, we evaluated the degree of overlap between the proteomes in the hemolymph-filled coelom and salivary glands of caterpillars reared on plant material. We found that the quality and quantity of the identified proteins differed clearly between hemolymph-filled coelome, labial and mandibular glands. Our results indicated that even after molting and two-day feeding on a new diet, protein production is affected by the previous food source used by the caterpillar. Candidate proteins involved in chemosensory perception by insects were detected: three chemosensory (CSPs) and two odorant-binding proteins (OBPs). Using the relative amounts of these proteins across tissues and treatments as criteria for their classification, we detected hemolymph- and mandibular gland-specific CSPs and observed that their levels were affected by caterpillar diet. Moreover, we could compare the protein and transcript levels across tissues and treatment for at least one CSP and one OBP. Therefore, we have identified specific isoforms for testing the role of CSPs and OBPs in plant and pathogen recognition. We detected catalase, immune-related protein and serine proteases and their inhibitors in high relative levels in the mandibular glands in comparison to the labial glands. These findings suggest that the mandibular glands of caterpillars may play an important role protecting the caterpillar from oxidative stress, pathogens and aiding in digestion. Contamination with hemolymph proteins during dissection of salivary glands from caterpillars may occur but it is not substantial since the proteomes from hemolymph, mandibular and labial glands were easily discriminated from each other by principal component analysis of proteomic data.

  • 347.
    Celorio-Mancera, Maria P.
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology.
    Labavitch, John M.
    Salivary Gland Secretions of Phytophagous Arthropods2016In: Extracellular Composite Matrices in Arthropods / [ed] Ephraim Cohen, Bernard Moussian, Springer, 2016, p. 601-623Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Thousands of arthropod species use plants as their main food source. Plants in turn are not completely passive towards arthropod herbivory. Arthropod saliva constitutes an important point of contact which initiates phytophagy and mediates chemical communication. Here we present a summary of those communications studying the constituents of arthropod saliva and their effect on plants. Particular attention has been dedicated to those reports identifying salivary gland genes and proteins in their entirety (transcriptomes and proteomes). The anatomy of salivary glands is highly variable and much of its complexity remains unstudied in various groups of phytophagous arthropods. Some important factors dictating the function of saliva in herbivory are the feeding strategy used by the arthropod, the developmental stage of the animal and the ecological niche in question. The function of many salivary components, such as the chemosensory proteins identified in arthropods, is still largely unknown. We consider the use of heterologous expression of these genes, chemoinformatic, molecular modeling and immunohistochemical studies to be of substantial importance for the elucidation of the functions of these genes as well as the functions of many other unknown proteins in arthropod systems. Additionally, the role of hemolymph proteins such as apolipophorins and storage proteins in saliva is unclear and therefore attention must be devoted to the understanding of protein movement in the arthropod body.

  • 348.
    Ceríaco, Luis M P
    et al.
    Natural History and Science Museum, University of Porto, Porto , 4099-002 , Portugal.
    Aescht, Erna
    Biology Centre of the Upper Austrian Museum , J.-W.-Klein-Str. 73, 4040 Linz , Austria.
    Ahyong, Shane T
    Australian Museum, Sydney , NSW 2010 , Australia;School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales , Kensington, NSW 2052 , Australia.
    Ballerio, Alberto
    Viale Venezia 45 , I-25123 Brescia , Italy.
    Bouchard, Patrice
    Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa , Ontario, K1A 0C6 , Canada.
    Bourgoin, Thierry
    Institut Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), MNHN-CNRS-Sorbonne Université-EPHE-Université des Antilles, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle , Paris 75005 , France.
    Dmitriev, Dmitry
    Illinois Natural History Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign , IL 61820 , USA.
    Evenhuis, Neal
    Department of Natural Sciences, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu , HI 96817-2704 , USA.
    Grygier, Mark J
    National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium , Checheng, Pingtung 944401 , Taiwan.
    Harvey, Mark S
    Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Western Australian Museum , Welshpool DC, WA 6986 , Australia.
    Kottelat, Maurice
    Rue des Rauraques 6 , CH-2800 Delémont , Switzerland.
    Kluge, Nikita
    Department of Entomology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg , 199034 , Russia.
    Krell, Frank-T
    Denver Museum of Nature & Science, Denver , CO 80205-5798 , USA.
    Kojima, Jun-Ichi
    Natural History Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito , Ibaraki 310-8512 , Japan.
    Kullander, Sven
    Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Zoology. FishBase.
    Lucinda, Paulo
    Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática, Universidade Federal do Tocantins , Tocantins, 77.500-000 , Brazil.
    Lyal, Christopher H C
    Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD , UK.
    Pyle, Richard L
    Department of Natural Sciences, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu , HI 96817-2704 , USA.
    Rheindt, Frank E
    National University of Singapore, Department of Biological Sciences , 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117558 , Singapore.
    Luisa Scioscia, Cristina
    Arachnology Division , Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’, Buenos Aires , Argentina.
    Welter-Schultes, Francisco
    Abteilung Evolution und Biodiversität der Tiere und Zoologisches Museum, Universität Göttingen , Germany.
    Whitmore, Daniel
    Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart , D-70191 Stuttgart , Germany.
    Yanega, Douglas
    Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside , Riverside, CA 92521-0314 , USA.
    Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
    Landcare Research , Auckland 1072 , New Zealand;School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland , Auckland 1072 , New Zealand.
    Zhou, Hong-Zhang
    Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101 , People’s Republic of China.
    Pape, Thomas
    Zoological Museum, Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen , DK-2100 , Denmark.
    Renaming taxa on ethical grounds threatens nomenclatural stability and scientific communication2023In: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, ISSN 0024-4082, E-ISSN 1096-3642, Vol. 197, no 2, p. 283-286Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 349. Chaline, J.
    et al.
    Werdelin, LarsSwedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Paleobiology.
    Modes and Tempos of Evolution of Quaternary Mammals1993Collection (editor) (Refereed)
  • 350.
    Champagnon, Jocelyn
    et al.
    Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, CNERA Avifaune Migratrice, Arles.
    Crochet, P. A.
    Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175 – CNRS, Montpellier.
    Kreisinger, J.
    Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague.
    Čížková, D.
    Department of Population Biology, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno.
    Gauthier-Clerc, M.
    Centre de Recherche de la Tour du Valat, Arles.
    Massez, G.
    Les Marais du Vigueirat, Arles.
    Söderquist, Pär
    Kristianstad University, School of Education and Environment, Avdelningen för Naturvetenskap.
    Albrecht, T.
    Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague.
    Guillemain, M.
    Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, CNERA Avifaune Migratrice, Arles.
    Assessing the genetic impact of massive restocking on wild mallard2013In: Animal Conservation, ISSN 1367-9430, E-ISSN 1469-1795, Vol. 16, no 3, p. 295-305Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Captive-bred mallards Anas platyrhynchos have been released for hunting purposes at a very large scale in Europe since the mid-1970s. In spite of a potential genetic impact, the actual contribution of restocked mallards to the genome of the target population has received little attention. The genetic structure of modern wild mallards in the Camargue, Southern France, was assessed from two samples: one originating from shot birds in hunting bags and one from presumed wild ducks captured alive in a hunting-free reserve. Reference samples originated from five mallard farms, as well as from museum samples collected before the mid-1970s (i.e. before massive mallard releases started). Our results revealed that the genetic signature of wild wintering mallards has not changed significantly because museum and presumed wild samples from the Camargue hunting-free nature reserve were genetically similar, and clearly differentiated from the farm mallards. This suggests that mallard releases in the Camargue or elsewhere in France, although massive, have not actually translated into complete admixture of wild and captive genomes, most likely due to low survival of released birds once in the wild. Nevertheless, although genetic introgression of the wild population by captive-bred was contained, we found significant rates of hybridization between wild and captive-bred mallards in modern samples. This result suggests that long-term releases of captive-bred mallards, if carried on at such large scale, could compromise irreversibly the genetic structure and composition of European mallards. This work contributes to fill in the gap on the monitoring of the genetic consequences of large-scale game releases for exploitation.

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