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  • 251.
    Byman, Elin
    et al.
    Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Nägga, Katarina
    Region Östergötland, Närsjukvården i centrala Östergötland, Medicinska och geriatriska akutkliniken. Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Gustavsson, Anna-Marta
    Lund Univ, Sweden; Skane Univ Hosp, Sweden.
    Andersson-Assarsson, Johanna
    Univ Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Hansson, Oskar
    Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Sonestedt, Emily
    Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Wennstrom, Malin
    Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Alpha-amylase 1A copy number variants and the association with memory performance and Alzheimers dementia2020Ingår i: Alzheimer's Research & Therapy, E-ISSN 1758-9193, Vol. 12, nr 1, artikel-id 158Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Previous studies have shown that copy number variation (CNV) in the alpha (alpha)-amylase gene (AMY1A) is associated with body mass index, insulin resistance, and blood glucose levels, factors also shown to increase the risk of Alzheimers dementia (AD). We have previously demonstrated the presence of alpha-amylase in healthy neuronal dendritic spines and a reduction of the same in AD patients. In the current study, we investigate the relationship between AMY1A copy number and AD, memory performance, and brain alpha-amylase activity. Methods and materials The association between AMY1A copy number and development of AD was analyzed in 5422 individuals (mean age at baseline 57.5 +/- 5.9, females 58.2%) from the Malmo diet and cancer study genotyped for AMY1A copy number, whereof 247 where diagnosed with AD during a mean follow-up of 20 years. Associations between AMY1A copy number and cognitive performance where analyzed in 791 individuals (mean age at baseline 54.7 +/- 6.3, females 63%), who performed Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test. Correlation analysis between alpha-amylase activity or alpha-amylase gene expression and AMY1A copy number in post-mortem hippocampal tissue from on demented controls (n = 8) and AD patients (n = 10) was also performed. Results Individuals with very high ( >= 10) AMY1A copy number had a significantly lower hazard ratio of AD (HR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.41-0.94) and performed significantly better on MoCA delayed word recall test, compared to the reference group with AMY1A copy number 6. A trend to lower hazard ratio of AD was also found among individuals with low AMY1A copy number (1-5) (HR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.53-1.02). A tendency towards a positive correlation between brain alpha-amylase activity and AMY1A copy number was found, and females showed higher brain alpha-amylase activity compared to males. Conclusion Our study suggests that the degree of alpha-amylase activity in the brain is affected by AMY1A copy number and gender, in addition to AD pathology. The study further suggests that very high AMY1A copy number is associated with a decreased hazard ratio of AD and we speculate that this effect is mediated via a beneficial impact of AMY1A copy number on episodic memory performance.

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  • 252.
    Bytyci, Ibadete
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Avdelningen för medicin. Clinic of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo; Department of Nursing, Universi College, Bardhosh, Kosovo.
    Henein, Michael Y.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Avdelningen för medicin. Molecular and Clinic Research Institute, St George University, London, UK; Institute of Fluid Dynamics, Brunel University, London, UK.
    Stride Length Predicts Adverse Clinical Events in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2021Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine, E-ISSN 2077-0383, Vol. 10, nr 12, artikel-id 2670Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: This meta-analysis aims to estimate the power of walking stride length as a predictor of adverse clinical events in older adults. Methods: We searched all electronic databases until April 2021 for studies reporting stride length and other spatial gait parameters, including stride velocity, stride width, step width and stride variability, and compared them with clinical outcomes in the elderly. Meta-analyses of odds ratios (ORs) of effects of stride length on clinical outcomes used the generic inverse variance method and random model effects. Clinical outcomes were major adverse events (MAEs), physical disability and mortality. Results: Eleven cohort studies with 14,167 patients (mean age 75.4 ± 5.6 years, 55.8% female) were included in the analysis. At 33.05 months follow up, 3839 (27%) patients had clinical adverse events. Baseline stride length was shorter, WMD −0.15 (−0.19 to −0.11, p < 0.001), and stride length variability was higher, WMD 0.67 (0.33 to 1.01, p < 0.001), in fallers compared to non-fallers. Other gait parameters were not different between the two groups (p > 0.05 for all). Short stride length predicted MAE OR 1.36 (95% CI; 1.19 to 1.55, p < 0.001), physical disability OR 1.26 (95% CI; 1.11 to 1.44, p = 0.004) and mortality OR 1.69 (95% CI; 1.41 to 2.02, p < 0.001). A baseline normalized stride length ≤ 0.64 m was more accurate in predicting adverse clinical events, with summary sensitivity 65% (58–71%), specificity 72% (69–75%) and accuracy 75.5% (74.2–76.7%) compared to stride length variability 5.7%, with summary sensitivity 66% (61–70%), specificity 56% (54–58%) and accuracy 57.1% (55.5–58.6%). Conclusion: The results of this meta-analyses support the significant value of stride length for predicting life-threatening clinical events in older adults. A short stride length of ≤0.64 m accurately predicted clinical events, over and above other gait measures.

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  • 253.
    Bölenius, Karin
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
    Lämås, Kristina
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
    Sandman, Per-Olof
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad. Division of Caring Sciences, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet.
    Edvardsson, David
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad. School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University.
    Effects and meanings of a person-centred and health-promoting intervention in home care services: a study protocol of a non-randomised controlled trial2017Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics, ISSN 1471-2318, E-ISSN 1471-2318, Vol. 17, artikel-id 57Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The literature indicates that current home care service are largely task oriented with limited focus on the involvement of the older people themselves, and studies show that lack of involvement might reduce older people's quality of life. Person-centred care has been shown to improve the satisfaction with care and quality of life in older people cared for in hospitals and nursing homes, with limited published evidence about the effects and meanings of person-centred interventions in home care services for older people. This study protocol outlines a study aiming to evaluate such effects and meanings of a person-centred and health-promoting intervention in home aged care services. Methods/design: The study will take the form of a non-randomised controlled trial with a before/after approach. It will include 270 older people >65 years receiving home care services, 270 relatives and 65 staff, as well as a matched control group of equal size. All participants will be recruited from a municipality in northern Sweden. The intervention is based on the theoretical concepts of person-centredness and health-promotion, and builds on the four pedagogical phases of: theory apprehension, experimental learning, operationalization, and clinical supervision. Outcome assessments will focus on: a) health and quality of life (primary outcomes), thriving and satisfaction with care for older people; b) caregiver strain, informal caregiving engagement and relatives' satisfaction with care: c) job satisfaction and stress of conscience among care staff (secondary outcomes). Evaluation will be conducted by means of self-reported questionnaires and qualitative research interviews. Discussion: Person-centred home care services have the potential to improve the recurrently reported sub-standard experiences of home care services, and the results can point the way to establishing a more person-centred and health-promoting model for home care services for older people.

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  • 254.
    Bölenius, Karin
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
    Lämås, Kristina
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
    Sandman, Per-Olof
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad. Division of Caring Sciences, Depart Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lindkvist, Marie
    Umeå universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, Statistik. Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för epidemiologi och global hälsa.
    Edvardsson, David
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad. School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia..
    Perceptions of self-determination and quality of life among Swedish home care recipients - across-sectional study2019Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics, ISSN 1471-2318, E-ISSN 1471-2318, Vol. 19, artikel-id 142Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: It is acknowledged that preservation of self-determination is very important in order for older adults to experience good quality of life, but to what degree and in what areas people receiving help from home care service experience self-determination is unknown. Few studies have examined the perception of self-determination in relation to quality of life among older adults living at home with help from home care services. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore perceptions of self-determination among older adults living at home with the support of home care services, and to test whether older adults who perceive a higher degree of self-determination also feel they have a better quality of life.

    Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in one municipality in northern Sweden. A total of 134 older adults (≥ 65 years) were included. Data were collected by means of a survey including questionnaires about background characteristics, self-determination, and health-related quality of life. Descriptive statistics regarding background characteristics for groups with high and low self-determination respectively were presented and the differences between the groups were analyzed using the Chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney U test.

    Results: Our main finding shows that the majority of older adults with support from home care services experience self-determination in the dimensions use of time, and self-care. However, a wide variation was found in self-reported self-determination in all dimensions. Results also show that the group with higher self-reported self-determination also reported a greater degree of experienced quality of life in comparison with the group with lower self-reported self-determination.

    Conclusions: In line with earlier research, our results found a positive relation between self-determination and quality of life. The results are relevant for the care of older adults and indicate a need of further research. The results presented in this paper could serve as a guide when planning for improved self-determination among older adults in home care service.

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  • 255.
    Böttiger, Anna K.
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin.
    Hagnelius, Nils-Olof
    Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin.
    Nilsson, Torbjörn K.
    Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin.
    Mutations in exons 2 and 3 of the FOLR1 gene in demented and non-demented elderly subjects2007Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Medicine, ISSN 1107-3756, E-ISSN 1791-244X, Vol. 20, nr 5, s. 653-662Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    We have previously reported six novel mutations in the 5'-UTR of the gene for folate receptor-alpha (FOLR1). In our search for additional mutations we screened patients, referred for investigation of suspected dementia (DGM subgroup) by SSCP and DNA sequencing from the end of exon 1 to the first bases of intron 3. We found 4 sequence variations, FOLR1 g.1314G>A, g.1816delC, g.1841G>A, and g.1928C>T. Pyrosequencing genotyping assays were developed for all of them, and 389 active seniors (AS subgroup) and the 202 DGM patients were genotyped for these mutations. The frequency q of the mutated allele was, among the AS subjects, 0.068, 0.0026, 0.0026, and 0.024 respectively, and among the DGM subjects, 0.067, 0.0076, 0.0078, and 0.023. The g.1816delC and g.1841G>A mutations thus were more frequent in the DGM than in the AS subgroup, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. The mutated alleles, FOLR1 1816(-) and 1841A, always occurred together in the same subjects, suggestive of a rare double-mutant haplotype. The two common polymorphisms, FOLR1 g. 1314G>A and g.1928C>T seemed not to raise tHcy plasma levels, whereas the double-mutated g.1816(-)-g.1841A haplotype may possibly have a slight tHcy-raising effect. Thus, so far 8 novel rare FOLR1 mutations with a combined prevalence of approximately 1.3% in Whites as well as two common polymorphisms with 5% and 13%, respectively, have been demonstrated. Only a few of the rare mutations may potentially be associated with raised plasma tHcy concentrations. No association with dementia was found.

  • 256.
    Bülow, Johanna
    et al.
    Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap.
    Volkova, Galina
    Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap.
    Vem vårdar vårdaren?: Närståendes upplevelser av att vårda en äldre person palliativt i hemmet2011Självständigt arbete på grundnivå (kandidatexamen), 10 poäng / 15 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: När allt fler lever längre ökar sannolikheten att möta livets slut vid en hög ålder. Att dö i hemmet är ett önskemål hos många personer i livets slut och deras närstående. Allt fler personer i livets slut vårdas i dag i hemmet och det är troligt att denna trend kommer att öka i framtiden. När palliativ vård utförs i hemmet förutsätter det ofta att det finns en närstående som kan fungera som vårdare. Konfronterandet med döden innebär vanligtvis en svår livssituation, som kan vara den närståendes första riktiga möte med döden. I detta påfrestande läge har den närstående ett stort behov av stöd från och god kommunikation med den professionella vården, då en god vård av den sjuke förutsätter att den närstående får ett professionellt stöd. För att kunna ge de närstående stöd är det viktigt att sjuksköterskan har förståelse för deras upplevelser.

    Syfte: Syftet är att beskriva närståendes upplevelser av att vårda en äldre person palliativt i hemmet.

    Metod: En litteraturstudie där totalt åtta kvalitativa och kvantitativa vetenskapliga artiklar relevanta för syftet analyserats. Fribergs kvalitativa analysmodell (2006) har använts för att identifiera kategorier.

    Resultat: Sju kategorier framkom ur analysen: upplevelsen av att se den sjuke förändras, önskan att vara tillräcklig och bidra, upplevelsen av de professionellas svek, strävan efter hopp och mening, upplevelsen av ansträngning, upplevelsen av brist på kontroll och betydelsen av familj och vänner.

    Diskussion: I diskussionen relateras centrala delar av resultatet till Travelbees teori om mellanmänskliga aspekter. Upplevelsen av de professionellas svek, strävan efter hopp och mening samt upplevelsen av lidande diskuteras. Även viktiga aspekter som sjuksköterskan bör tänka på diskuteras.

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  • 257.
    Cahill, Suzanne
    Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping). Trinity College Dublin.
    Dementia: A disability and a human rights concern2022Ingår i: Critical Gerontology for Social Workers / [ed] S. Torres and S. Donnelly, Policy Press , 2022, s. 146-160Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Refereegranskat)
  • 258.
    Calvo, Noelia
    et al.
    Univ Toronto, Canada.
    Einstein, Gillian
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för tema, Tema Genus. Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten. Univ Toronto, Canada; Rotman Res Inst, Canada; Womens Coll Res Inst, Canada; Univ Toronto, Canada.
    Steroid hormones: risk and resilience in womens Alzheimer disease2023Ingår i: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, ISSN 1663-4365, E-ISSN 1663-4365, Vol. 15, artikel-id 1159435Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    More women have Alzheimer disease (AD) than men, but the reasons for this phenomenon are still unknown. Including women in clinical research and studying their biology is key to understand not just their increased risk but also their resilience against the disease. In this sense, women are more affected by AD than men, but their reserve or resilience mechanisms might delay symptom onset. The aim of this review was to explore what is known about mechanisms underlying womens risk and resilience in AD and identify emerging themes in this area that merit further research. We conducted a review of studies analyzing molecular mechanisms that may induce neuroplasticity in women, as well as cognitive and brain reserve. We also analyzed how the loss of steroid hormones in aging may be linked to AD. We included empirical studies with human and animal models, literature reviews as well as meta-analyses. Our search identified the importance of 17-b-estradiol (E2) as a mechanism driving cognitive and brain reserve in women. More broadly, our analysis revealed the following emerging perspectives: (1) the importance of steroid hormones and their effects on both neurons and glia for the study of risk and resilience in AD, (2) E2s crucial role in womens brain reserve, (3) womens verbal memory advantage as a cognitive reserve factor, and (4) E2s potential role in linguistic experiences such as multilingualism and hearing loss. Future directions for research include analyzing the reserve mechanisms of steroid hormones on neuronal and glial plasticity, as well as identifying the links between steroid hormone loss in aging and risk for AD.

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  • 259. Canevelli, Marco
    et al.
    Bruno, Giuseppe
    Grande, Giulia
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Quarata, Federica
    Raganato, Riccardo
    Remiddi, Francesca
    Valletta, Martina
    Zaccaria, Valerio
    Vanacore, Nicola
    Cesari, Matteo
    Race reporting and disparities in clinical trials on Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review2019Ingår i: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, ISSN 0149-7634, E-ISSN 1873-7528, Vol. 101, s. 122-128Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Race is an important health determinant and should adequately be considered in research and drug development protocols targeting Alzheimer's disease (AD).

    Methods: A systematic review of available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the currently marketed treatments for AD was conducted with the aim of 1) documenting the reporting of race, and 2) exploring the impact of race on the efficacy and safety/tolerability of the considered medications.

    Results: Overall, 59.2% of the 49 retained RCTs reported information concerning the race of participants. Only a striking minority of enrolled patients was constituted of blacks and Hispanics. None on the retained studies reported results on the efficacy and safety/tolerability of the tested treatment separately for racial groups nor performed sensitivity analyses accounting for the race of participants.

    Discussion: Race has insufficiently been reported in previous interventional studies on AD. Its potential association with the effectiveness and safety/tolerability of the tested medications has completely been neglected.

  • 260.
    Cao, Yang
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Region Örebro län.
    Bass, G. A.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
    Ahl, Rebecka
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; Department of General Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pourlotfi, Arvid
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Department of General Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Geijer, Håkan
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Department of Radiology.
    Montgomery, Scott
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK..
    Mohseni, Shahin
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Region Örebro län. Department of General Surgery, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    The statistical importance of P-POSSUM scores for predicting mortality after emergency laparotomy in geriatric patients2020Ingår i: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, E-ISSN 1472-6947, Vol. 20, nr 1, artikel-id 86Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Geriatric patients frequently undergo emergency general surgery and accrue a greater risk of postoperative complications and fatal outcomes than the general population. It is highly relevant to develop the most appropriate care measures and to guide patient-centered decision-making around end-of-life care. Portsmouth - Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enumeration of Mortality and morbidity (P-POSSUM) has been used to predict mortality in patients undergoing different types of surgery. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the relative importance of the P-POSSUM score for predicting 90-day mortality in the elderly subjected to emergency laparotomy from statistical aspects.

    METHODS: One hundred and fifty-seven geriatric patients aged ≥65 years undergoing emergency laparotomy between January 1st, 2015 and December 31st, 2016 were included in the study. Mortality and 27 other patient characteristics were retrieved from the computerized records of Örebro University Hospital in Örebro, Sweden. Two supervised classification machine methods (logistic regression and random forest) were used to predict the 90-day mortality risk. Three scalers (Standard scaler, Robust scaler and Min-Max scaler) were used for variable engineering. The performance of the models was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Importance of the predictors were evaluated using permutation variable importance and Gini importance.

    RESULTS: The mean age of the included patients was 75.4 years (standard deviation =7.3 years) and the 90-day mortality rate was 29.3%. The most common indication for surgery was bowel obstruction occurring in 92 (58.6%) patients. Types of post-operative complications ranged between 7.0-36.9% with infection being the most common type. Both the logistic regression and random forest models showed satisfactory performance for predicting 90-day mortality risk in geriatric patients after emergency laparotomy, with AUCs of 0.88 and 0.93, respectively. Both models had an accuracy > 0.8 and a specificity ≥0.9. P-POSSUM had the greatest relative importance for predicting 90-day mortality in the logistic regression model and was the fifth important predictor in the random forest model. No notable change was found in sensitivity analysis using different variable engineering methods with P-POSSUM being among the five most accurate variables for mortality prediction.

    CONCLUSION: P-POSSUM is important for predicting 90-day mortality after emergency laparotomy in geriatric patients. The logistic regression model and random forest model may have an accuracy of > 0.8 and an AUC around 0.9 for predicting 90-day mortality. Further validation of the variables' importance and the models' robustness is needed by use of larger dataset.

  • 261. Cao, Zhi
    et al.
    Dintica, Christina
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Shang, Ying
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Cheng, Yangyang
    Li, Shu
    Yang, Hongxi
    Sun, Li
    Xu, Weili
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Wang, Yaogang
    Role of Cognitive Impairment, Physical Disability, and Chronic Conditions in the Association of Sleep Duration With All-Cause Mortality Among Very Old Adults2020Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, ISSN 1525-8610, E-ISSN 1538-9375, Vol. 21, nr 10, s. 1458-1463Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep duration and all-cause mortality, and to assess the role of cognitive impairment, physical disability, and chronic conditions on this association among very old adults.

    Design: A prospective cohort study.

    Setting and Participants: Within the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Surveys, 17,637 oldest-old aged 80-105 years were followed up to 10 years (2005- 2014).

    Measures: Data on sleep duration at baseline were based on self-report and were categorized as short (<7 hour), moderate (7-9 hours), and long sleep (>9 hours). Information on cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), physical disability using Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and chronic conditions including diabetes, heart disease, stroke, asthma, and cancer were collected at baseline based on a structured questionnaire. Information about vital status was ascertained and confirmed by a close family member or village doctor of the participant during the follow-up. Data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models, with adjustment for potential confounders.

    Results: During the follow-up of 10 years, 11,067 (62.7%) participants died. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for mortality were 1.03 (0.98-1.09) for short sleep and 1.13 (1.08-1.18) for long sleep compared with moderate sleep duration. In stratified analysis by cognitive impairment, physical disability, and chronic conditions, the risk of morality was present only among people with MMSE scores <= 24 but did not differ much when stratified by physical disability and chronic conditions. There was a statistically significant interaction between long sleep and cognitive impairment on mortality (P for interaction = .002).

    Conclusions and Implications: Long sleep duration is associated with higher risk of mortality in very old adults independently of health conditions. Cognitive impairment may enhance this association. These findings suggest that health practitioners and families should be aware of the potential adverse prognosis associated with long sleep.

  • 262.
    Caracciolo, Barbara
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Stressforskningsinstitutet. Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Xu, Weili
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Collins, Stephen
    Fratiglioni, Laura
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI). Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Sweden.
    Cognitive decline, dietary factors and gut-brain interactions2014Ingår i: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, ISSN 0047-6374, E-ISSN 1872-6216, Vol. 136, s. 59-69Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Cognitive decline in elderly people often derives from the interaction between aging-related changes and age-related diseases and covers a large spectrum of clinical manifestations, from intact cognition through mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Epidemiological evidence supports the hypothesis that modifiable lifestyle-related factors are associated with cognitive decline, opening new avenues for prevention. Diet in particular has become the object of intense research in relation to cognitive aging and neurodegenerative disease. We reviewed the most recent findings in this rapidly expanding field. Some nutrients, such as vitamins and fatty acids, have been studied longer than others, but strong scientific evidence of an association is lacking even for these compounds. Specific dietary patterns, like the Mediterranean diet, may be more beneficial than a high consumption of single nutrients or specific food items. A strong link between vascular risk factors and dementia has been shown, and the association of diet with several vascular and metabolic diseases is well known. Other plausible mechanisms underlying the relationship between diet and cognitive decline, such as inflammation and oxidative stress, have been established. In addition to the traditional etiological pathways, new hypotheses, such as the role of the intestinal microbiome in cognitive function, have been suggested and warrant further investigation.

  • 263. Carlsson, Eva
    et al.
    Stålnacke, Katri
    Persenius, Mona
    Olai, Lena
    Högskolan Dalarna, Akademin Utbildning, hälsa och samhälle, Omvårdnad.
    Hägg, Mary
    Aspects of eating and quality of care among elderly in short-term accommodations - before and after an intervention.2014Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 264.
    Carlsson, Gunilla
    et al.
    Centre for Ageing and Supportive Environments (CASE), Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Pettersson, Cecilia
    Centre for Ageing and Supportive Environments (CASE), Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Kylberg, Marianne
    Centre for Ageing and Supportive Environments (CASE), Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Iwarsson, Susanne
    Centre for Ageing and Supportive Environments (CASE), Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Patientprocesser inom projektet Hälsostaden Ängelholm: Erfarenheter frånmultisjuka äldre, närstående och personal2016Rapport (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 265.
    Carlsson, Maine
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Gustafson, Yngve
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Eriksson, Sture
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Håglin, Lena
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Body composition in Swedish old people aged 65-99 years, living in residential care facilities2009Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print), ISSN 0167-4943, E-ISSN 1872-6976, Vol. 49, nr 1, s. 98-107Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    It is important to evaluate body composition changes in subjects with an existing multi-system reduction in capacity, as a small decrease in fat-free mass (FFM) can cause serious impairments. The aim of the study was to describe body composition in old people living in institutions. Body composition data were collected within a study of 173 subjects with functional and cognitive impairment, aged 65-99 years, and living in residential care facilities. A bioelectrical impedance spectrometer (BIS) (Xitron Hydra 4200; 5-1000 kHz) was used to assess the amount of both FFM and fat mass (FM) which where adjusted for height. The Harpenden caliper and a tape measure were used to assess body fat, arm-muscle and arm-fat area (mm(2)). A large proportion of the old and functionally impaired population was at risk of malnutrition or already malnourished (63.4% vs. 17.4%) according to Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Women had significantly lower fat-free mass index (FFMI) and higher FMI, inversely related to age, than men. Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy and anthropometrical measurements correlated but on different levels. In addition the FM% differed between the two methods (46.3% vs. 33.4%).

  • 266.
    Carlsson, Maine
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Gustafson, Yngve
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Håglin, Lena
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Eriksson, Sture
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    The feasibility of serving liquid yoghurt supplemented with probiotic bacteria, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LB 21, and Lactococcus lactis L1A: a pilot study among old people with dementia in a residential care facility2009Ingår i: The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, ISSN 1279-7707, E-ISSN 1760-4788, Vol. 13, nr 9, s. 813-819Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Constipation and body weight loss are prevalent among old people. Treatment with different species of lactic acid bacteria has been suggested for various forms of gastrointestinal disorders.

    Objective, participants and intervention: This pilot study was performed to assess the feasibility of administering and consuming a drinkable yoghurt containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus LB 21 and Lactococcus L1A, and to evaluate the influence on bowel movements and body weight in 15 people with dementia, aged 65–95 years in residential care facility.

    Design: A drinkable yoghurt (Verum Drickyoghurt©) with added bacteria was served daily for 6 months in conjunction with ordinary food intake. Body weight, bowel movement frequency and consistency, food and fluid intake and time spent in various activities were recorded for two weeks preintervention, and 3 times during the follow-up period.

    Result: This study showed that the yoghurt was easy to serve, with few side effects for the participants and that the various recording forms and diaries were easy for the staff to complete. The extra intake of yoghurt did not have any detectable beneficial effect on bowel movements. The overnight fast was almost 15 hours per day. Body weight decreased by 0.65 kg/month (95% confidence interval. 0.27–0.97).

    Conclusions: The present study design was feasible in this group of old people with dementia. The absence of any detectable effect of the supplement on constipation, but rather a considerable loss in body weight, indicate that further research is needed in a large randomised controlled trial, if associations between dementia, constipation and energy balance are to be understood.

  • 267.
    Carlsson, Maine
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Haglin, Lena
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Rosendahl, Erik
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik. Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Sjukgymnastik.
    Gustafson, Yngve
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Poor nutritional status is associated with urinary tract infection among older people living in residential care facilities2013Ingår i: The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, ISSN 1279-7707, E-ISSN 1760-4788, Vol. 17, nr 2, s. 186-191Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    To investigate factors associated with poor nutritional status in older people living in residential care facilities. Methods: 188 residents (136 women, 52 men) with physical and cognitive impairments participated. Mean age was 84.7 y (range 65-100). The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), Barthel ADL Index, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Geriatric Depression Scale were used to evaluate nutritional status, activities of daily living, cognitive status and depressive symptoms. Medical conditions, clinical characteristics and prescribed drugs were recorded. Univariate and multivariate regressions were used to investigate associations with MNA scores. Results: The mean MNA score was 20.5 +/- 3.7 (range 5.5-27) and the median was 21 (interquartile range (IQR) 18.8-23.0). Fifteen per cent of participants were classified as malnourished and 66% at risk of malnutrition. Lower MNA scores were independently associated with urinary tract infection (UTI) during the preceding year (beta = -0.21, P = 0.006), lower MMSE scores (beta = 0.16, P = 0.030), and dependent in feeding (beta = -0.14, P = 0.040). Conclusion: The majority of participants were at risk of or suffering from malnutrition. Urinary tract infection during the preceding year was independently associated with poor nutritional status. Dependence in feeding was also associated with poor nutritional status as were low MMSE scores for women. Prospective observations and randomized controlled trials are necessary to gain an understanding of a causal association between malnutrition and UTI.

  • 268.
    Carlsson, Maine
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Håglin, Lena
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Rosendahl, Erik
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Sjukgymnastik.
    Gustafson, Yngve
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Malnutrition and infections among elderly peopleManuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 269.
    Carlsson, Roger
    et al.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för psykologi (PSY).
    Svensson, Idor
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för psykologi (PSY).
    Jacobson, C.
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för psykologi (PSY).
    Warkentin, Siegbert
    Linnéuniversitetet, Fakulteten för Hälso- och livsvetenskap (FHL), Institutionen för psykologi (PSY).
    Linking aberrant pauses during object naming to letter and word decoding speed in elderly with attention complaints2023Ingår i: Nordic Psychology, ISSN 1901-2276, E-ISSN 1904-0016, Vol. 75, nr 3, s. 213-226Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Attention deficit and reading difficulty are often comorbid in neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood and adolescence. Although recent research has shown how these two domains may interact in children, knowledge about such interaction in elderly is lacking. The present study tested whether this association is also present in healthy elderly with undiagnosed attention problems. Thirty-two subjects (65+ years) with life-long complaints of attention and with a Mini Mental (MMSE) cutoff of 27 points were tested with MapCog Spectra (MCS), with a word recognition test (Word Chains test) and CANTAB subtests of attention. All tests were presented on a tablet, except for the Word Chains test. The participants mean MMSE score was 29 points and their mean age was 71.5 years. Strong correlations were seen between the Word Chains test and the MCS, suggesting that a high number of aberrantly long pauses during serial naming was associated with fewer identifications of letters, words and sentences. The number of aberrant pauses was also associated with slower Reaction Time and a lower score on the Attention Shifting task of the CANTAB. The results were not associated with either gender or general intelligence. This study shows that attention is linked to decoding speed irrespective of intelligence and gender. We therefore suggest that a clinical assessment of attention deficit should also include an assessment of decoding ability, and vice versa, as these cognitive functions are strongly interdependent.

  • 270.
    Carstensen, Gunilla
    et al.
    DalarnaUniv, Sch Technol & Business Studies, Falun, Sweden.
    Rosberg, Birgitta
    Uppsala Univ Hosp, Akad Sjukhuset, Dept Rehabil Med, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Mc Kee, Kevin J.
    Dalarna Univ, Sch Educ Hlth & Social Studies, S-79188 Falun, Sweden.
    Åberg, Anna Cristina
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Geriatrik. Dalarna Univ, Sch Educ Hlth & Social Studies, S-79188 Falun, Sweden.
    Before evening falls: Perspectives of a good old age and healthy ageing among oldest-old Swedish men2019Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print), ISSN 0167-4943, E-ISSN 1872-6976, Vol. 82, s. 35-44Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The late life experiences of men in the oldest-old age group have been under-researched, and their perspectives on ageing successfully neglected. This study explored the perspectives of oldest-old Swedish men on what a 'good old age' and ageing successfully meant to them. A purposive sample of 17 men, aged 85-90 years, was drawn from the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men. An interview guide explored participants' perspectives on their ageing experiences and how they viewed ageing successfully. Participants were interviewed twice, with 1-2 weeks between interviews, and both interviews were recorded and transcribed. Content analysis identified four themes: i) Adaptation, concerning the ability to adapt to growing old with increasing limitations; ii) Sustaining Independence, related to financial resources and good health as the foundation for independence; iii) Belongingness, representing close relationships, established friendships, and the significance of the spouse; and iv) Perspectives of Time, also a common thread in all themes, in which past life experiences create an existential link between the past, the present and the future, establishing continuity of the self and enhancing life satisfaction. The participants presented themselves as active agents involved in maintaining meaning and achieving life satisfaction; a process related to the ability to manage changes in life. Our findings have resonance with models of healthy or successful ageing, but also diverge in important ways, since such models do not consider the significance of an individual's life history for their present well-being, and primarily conceptualise health as an outcome, rather than as a resource.

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  • 271. Carús, Juan Luis
    et al.
    García, Sonia
    García, Rodrigo
    Waterworth, John
    Umeå universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för informatik.
    Erdt, Stefanie
    The ELF@Home project: elderly sELF-care based on sELF-check of health conditions and sELF-fitness at home2014Ingår i: Proceedings of pHealth 2014: 11th International Conference on Wearable Micro and Nano Technologies for Personalized Health (pHealth), Vienna: IOS Press, 2014, s. 164-166Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The ELF@Home project is a research and innovation project running from June 1st 2013 to May 31st 2016 and co-funded by the Ambient Assisted Living Joint Programme (AAL JP) and National Authorities in Spain, Sweden and Germany. The ELF@Home project relies in the use of the proven advantages of elderly fitness to develop a self-care solution based on self-check of health conditions and self-fitness at home. The project uses information and communication technologies (ICT) to build an autonomous fitness system targeting healthy or pre-frail elder people aged over 65 and living independently at home.

  • 272.
    Cavazzana, Annachiara
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Psykologiska institutionen. TU Dresden, Germany.
    Röhrborn, Anja
    Garthus-Niegel, Susan
    Larsson, Maria
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Psykologiska institutionen, Perception och psykofysik.
    Hummel, Thomas
    Croy, Ilona
    Sensory-specific impairment among older people: An investigation using both sensory thresholds and subjective measures across the five senses2018Ingår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 13, nr 8, artikel-id e0202969Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Age-related sensory impairment is a slow and gradual progress, which affects multiple modalities. Two contradictory hypotheses exist about the age-related decline of sensory thresholds. The common factor theory assumes one underlying factor-which accounts for the loss of several sensory modalities simultaneously-and the specific factor theory predicts that the sensory decline is uncorrelated between different modalities. In this study, we aimed to explore whether (i) there is a common factor of sensory thresholds in older people, (ii) older people assume that sensory decline in one modality also affects other modalities, (iii) there is a relation between sensory threshold and the subjective assessment of sensory function. This was accomplished by collecting both threshold measures and self-reported ratings for smell, hearing, taste, vision, and touch function in a group of 104 older people (mean age: 67.2 years; SD: 9.85; range: 50-100 years). Results indicated that there was no common factor of sensory thresholds, hence an impairment in one modality did not necessarily imply a shortfall in other modalities. In contrast, our results suggested one or two common factor(s) for the participants' ratings. Participants who reported a diminished function in one sense tended to generalize this rating to the other senses as well. The correspondence between subjective ratings and sensory thresholds was relatively good for vision and audition, although no correlations were observed for the other domains. These findings have implications for clinicians, suggesting that subjective measures should be combined with sensory threshold measurements when evaluating sensory dysfunction. Also, these data convey a positive message for older people and their physicians by showing that loss in one sensory modality does not necessarily generalize to losses across all sensory modalities.

  • 273.
    Cawthon, Peggy M.
    et al.
    Calif Pacific Med Ctr, Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA.;Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA USA..
    Manini, Todd
    Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA..
    Patel, Sheena M.
    Calif Pacific Med Ctr, Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA..
    Newman, Anne
    Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA..
    Travison, Thomas
    Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Marcus Inst Aging Res, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA 02215 USA.;Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA..
    Kiel, Douglas P.
    Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Marcus Inst Aging Res, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA 02215 USA.;Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA..
    Santanasto, Adam J.
    Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA..
    Ensrud, Kristine E.
    Minneapolis VA Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Chron Dis Outcomes Res, Minneapolis, MN USA.;Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA.;Univ Minnesota, Dept Med, Box 736 UMHC, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA..
    Xue, Qian-Li
    Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Div Geriatr Med & Gerontol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.;Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Ctr Aging & Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA..
    Shardell, Michelle
    NIA, Longitudinal Studies Sect, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA..
    Duchowny, Kate
    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA USA..
    Erlandson, Kristine M.
    Univ Colorado Denver Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA..
    Pencina, Karol M.
    Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA..
    Fielding, Roger A.
    Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA..
    Magaziner, Jay
    Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA..
    Kwok, Timothy
    Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Med & Therapeut, Fac Med, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Fac Med, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China..
    Karlsson, Magnus
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Malmo, Malmo, Sweden..
    Ohlsson, Claes
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Bone & Arthrit Res, Dept Internal Med & Clin Nutr,Inst Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Mellstrom, Dan
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Bone & Arthrit Res, Dept Internal Med & Clin Nutr,Inst Med, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Hirani, Vasant
    Univ Sydney, Charles Perkins Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Ribom, Eva L
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Ortopedi.
    Correa-de-Araujo, Rosaly
    NIA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA..
    Bhasin, Shalender
    Harvard Med Sch, Boston Claude D Pepper Older Americans Independen, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA..
    Putative Cut-Points in Sarcopenia Components and Incident Adverse Health Outcomes: AnSDOCAnalysis2020Ingår i: Journal of The American Geriatrics Society, ISSN 0002-8614, E-ISSN 1532-5415, Vol. 68, nr 7, s. 1429-1437Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES Analyses performed by the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) identified cut-points in several metrics of grip strength for consideration in a definition of sarcopenia. We describe the associations between the SDOC-identified metrics of low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition); low dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) lean mass as previously defined in the literature (appendicular lean mass [ALM]/ht(2)); and slowness (walking speed <.8 m/s) with subsequent adverse outcomes (falls, hip fractures, mobility limitation, and mortality). DESIGN Individual-level, sex-stratified pooled analysis. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) for incident falls, mobility limitation, hip fractures, and mortality. Follow-up time ranged from 1 year for falls to 8.8 +/- 2.3 years for mortality. SETTING Eight prospective observational cohort studies. PARTICIPANTS A total of 13,421 community-dwelling men and 4,828 community-dwelling women. MEASUREMENTS Grip strength by hand dynamometry, gait speed, and lean mass by DXA. RESULTS Low grip strength (absolute or standardized to body size/composition) was associated with incident outcomes, usually independently of slowness, in both men and women. ORs and HRs generally ranged from 1.2 to 3.0 for those below vs above the cut-point. DXA lean mass was not consistently associated with these outcomes. When considered together, those who had both muscle weakness by absolute grip strength (<35.5 kg in men and <20 kg in women) and slowness were consistently more likely to have a fall, hip fracture, mobility limitation, or die than those without either slowness or muscle weakness. CONCLUSION Older men and women with both muscle weakness and slowness have a higher likelihood of adverse health outcomes. These results support the inclusion of grip strength and walking speed as components in a summary definition of sarcopenia.

  • 274.
    Cawthon, Peggy M.
    et al.
    Calif Pacific Med Ctr Res Inst, 550 16th St,2nd Floor,Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.;Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA..
    Patel, Sheena M.
    Calif Pacific Med Ctr Res Inst, 550 16th St,2nd Floor,Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA..
    Kritchevsky, Stephen B.
    Wake Forest Sch Med, Sticht Ctr Hlth Aging & Alzheimers Prevent, Winston Salem, NC 27101 USA..
    Newman, Anne B.
    Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA..
    Santanasto, Adam
    Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA..
    Kiel, Douglas P.
    Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hebrew SeniorLife, Marcus Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA.;Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA..
    Travison, Thomas G.
    Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hebrew SeniorLife, Marcus Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA.;Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA..
    Lane, Nancy
    Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Ctr Musculoskeletal Hlth, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA.;Univ Calif Davis, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA..
    Cummings, Steven R.
    Calif Pacific Med Ctr Res Inst, 550 16th St,2nd Floor,Box 0560, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.;Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA..
    Orwoll, Eric S.
    Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Bone & Mineral Unit, Portland, OR 97201 USA..
    Duchowny, Kate A.
    Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA..
    Kwok, Timothy
    Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Fac Med, Dept Med & Therapeut, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Fac Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China..
    Hirani, Vasant
    Univ Sydney, Charles Perkins Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia..
    Schousboe, John
    HealthPartners Inst, Bloomington, MN USA.;Univ Minnesota, Div Hlth Policy & Management, Minneapolis, MN USA..
    Karlsson, Magnus K.
    Lund Univ, Skane Univ Hosp, Dept Orthoped & Clin Sci Malmö, Clin & Mol Osteoporosis Res Unit, Lund, Sweden..
    Mellstrom, Dan
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Bone & Arthrit Res, Inst Med,Dept Internal Med & Clin Nutr, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Drug Treatment, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Ohlsson, Claes
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Ctr Bone & Arthrit Res, Inst Med,Dept Internal Med & Clin Nutr, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Drug Treatment, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Ljunggren, Östen
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Endokrinologi och mineralmetabolism. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Uppsala kliniska forskningscentrum (UCR).
    Xue, Qian-Li
    Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Div Geriatr Med & Gerontol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.;Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Ctr Aging & Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA..
    Shardell, Michelle
    Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA..
    Jordan, Joanne M.
    Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA..
    Pencina, Karol M.
    Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hebrew SeniorLife, Marcus Inst Aging Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA.;Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA..
    Fielding, Roger A.
    Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr Human Nutr, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA..
    Magaziner, Jay
    Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA..
    Correa-de-Araujo, Rosaly
    NIA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA..
    Bhasin, Shalender
    Harvard Med Sch, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston Claude D Pepper Older Amer Independence Ct, Boston, MA 02115 USA..
    Manini, Todd M.
    Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA..
    What Cut-Point in Gait Speed Best Discriminates Community-Dwelling Older Adults With Mobility Complaints From Those Without?: A Pooled Analysis From the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium2021Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, ISSN 1079-5006, E-ISSN 1758-535X, Vol. 76, nr 10, s. E321-E327Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Cut-points to define slow walking speed have largely been derived from expert opinion. Methods: Study participants (13 589 men and 5043 women aged >= 65years) had walking speed (m/s) measured over 4-6 m (mean +/- SD: 1.20 +/- 0.27 m/s in men and 0.94 +/- 0.24 m/s in women.) Mobility limitation was defined as any self-reported difficulty with walking approximately 1/4 mile (prevalence: 12.6% men, 26.4% women). Sex-stratified classification and regression tree (CART) models with 10-fold cross-validation identified walking speed cut-points that optimally discriminated those who reported mobility limitation from those who did not. Results: Among 5043 women, CART analysis identified 2 cut-points, classifying 4144 (82.2%) with walking speed >= 0.75 m/s, which we labeled as "fast"; 478 (9.5%) as "intermediate" (walking speed >= 0.62 m/s but <0.75 m/s); and 421 (8.3%) as "slow" (walking speed <0.62 m/s). Among 13 589 men, CART analysis identified 3 cut-points, classifying 10 001 (73.6%) with walking speed >= 1.00m/s ("very fast"); 2901 (21.3%) as "fast" (walking speed >= 0.74 m/s but <1.00 m/s); 497 (3.7%) as "intermediate" (walking speed >= 0.57 m/s but <0.74 m/s); and 190 (1.4%) as "slow" (walking speed <0.57 m/s). Prevalence of self-reported mobility limitation was lowest in the "fast" or "very fast" (11% for men and 19% for women) and highest in the "slow" (60.5% in men and 71.0% in women). Rounding the 2 slower cut-points to 0.60 m/s and 0.75 m/s reclassified very few participants. Conclusions: Cut-points in walking speed of approximately 0.60 m/s and 0.75 m/s discriminate those with self-reported mobility limitation from those without.

  • 275.
    Cawthon, Peggy M.
    et al.
    Calif Pacific Med Ctr, Res Inst, 550 16th St,Second Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.;Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA USA..
    Visser, Marjolein
    Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Sci, Dept Hlth Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands.;Amsterdam Publ Hlth Res Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Arai, Hidenori
    Natl Ctr Geriatr & Gerontol, Obu, Aichi, Japan..
    Avila-Funes, Jose A.
    Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Dept Geriatr, Mexico City, DF, Mexico..
    Barazzoni, Rocco
    Univ Trieste, Dept Med Surg & Hlth Sci, Trieste, Italy..
    Bhasin, Shalender
    Harvard Med Sch, Bostin Claude D Pepper Older Amer Independence Ct, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA..
    Binder, Ellen
    Barnes Jewish Hosp, Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63110 USA.;Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Geriatr & Nutr Sci, St Louis, MO USA..
    Bruyère, Olivier
    Univ Liege, World Hlth Org Collaborating Ctr Publ Hlth Aspect, Div Publ Hlth Epidemiol & Hlth Econ, Liege, Belgium..
    Cederholm, Tommy
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Klinisk nutrition och metabolism. Karolinska Univ Hosp, Theme Inflammat & Ageing, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Chen, Liang-Kung
    Natl Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univ, Ctr Hlth Longev & Aging Sci, Taipei, Taiwan.;Taipei Vet Generfranal Hosp, Ctr Geriatr & Gerontol, Taipei, Taiwan.;Taipei Municipal Gan Dau Hosp, Taipei Vet Gen Hosp, Taipei, Taiwan..
    Cooper, Cyrus
    Univ Southampton, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiol Unit, Southampton, Hants, England.;Univ Oxford, Dept Epidemiol, Oxford, England..
    Duque, Gustavo
    McGill Univ Hlth Ctr, Res Inst, Montreal, PQ, Canada.;McGill Univ, Dept Med, Div Geriatr Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada..
    Fielding, Roger A.
    Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr Human Nutr, Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA..
    Guralnik, Jack
    Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA..
    Kiel, Douglas P.
    Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hinda & Arthur Marcus Inst Aging Res, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA 02215 USA.;Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA 02115 USA..
    Kirk, Ben
    Univ Melbourne, Australian Inst Musculoskeletal Sci AIMSS, St Albans, Vic, Australia.;Western Hlth, St Albans, Vic, Australia.;Univ Melbourne, Dept Med, Western Hlth, St Albans, Vic, Australia..
    Landi, Francesco
    Fdn Policlin Univ Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, I-00168 Rome, Italy..
    Sayer, Avan A.
    Newcastle Upon Tyne Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, AGE Res Grp, NIHR Newcastle Biomed Res Ctr, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England.;Newcastle Univ, Fac Med Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England..
    Von Haehling, Stephan
    Univ Med Gottingen UMG, Dept Cardiol & Pneumol, Gottingen, Germany.;German Ctr Cardiovasc Res DZHK, Partner Site Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany..
    Woo, Jean
    Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Fac Med, Dept Med & Therapeut, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.;Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Fac Med, Ctr Nutr Studies, Hong Kong, Peoples R China..
    Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso J.
    Hosp Univ Ramon y Cajal IRYCIS, Serv Geriatria, Madrid, Spain..
    Defining terms commonly used in sarcopenia research: a glossary proposed by the Global Leadership in Sarcopenia (GLIS) Steering Committee2022Ingår i: European Geriatric Medicine, ISSN 1878-7649, E-ISSN 1878-7657, Vol. 13, nr 6, s. 1239-1244Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Methods

    The aim of this paper is to define terms commonly related to sarcopenia to enable standardization of these terms in research and clinical settings. The Global Leadership Initiative in Sarcopenia (GLIS) aims to bring together leading investigators in sarcopenia research to develop a single definition that can be utilized worldwide; work on a global definition of sarcopenia is ongoing. The first step of GLIS is to develop the common terminology, or a glossary, that will facilitate agreement on a global definition of sarcopenia as well as interpretation of clinical and research findings.

    Results

    Several terms that are commonly used in sarcopenia research are defined, including self-reported measures of function and ability; objective physical performance tests; and measures related to muscle function and size.

    Conclusion

    As new methods and technologies are developed, these definitions may be expanded or refined over time. Our goal is to promote this common language to describe sarcopenia and its components in clinical and research settings in order to increase clinical awareness and research interest in this important condition. We hope that the use of common terminology in sarcopenia research will increase understanding of the concept and improve communication around this important age-related condition.

    Key summary points

    Aim

    The aim of this paper is to define terms commonly related to sarcopenia to enable standardization of these terms in research and clinical settings.

    Findings

    This paper provides definitions for commonly used terminology in sarcopenia in both clinical and research settings. As new methods and technologies are developed, this terminology may be expanded or refined over time.

    Message

    We hope that the use of common terminology in sarcopenia research will increase understanding of the concept and improve communication around this important age-related condition. 

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  • 276.
    Cederbom, Sara
    et al.
    OsloMet Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Physiotherapy, Postboks 4,St Olays Plass, N-0130 Oslo, Norway.
    Arkkukangas, Marina
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för neurovetenskap, Fysioterapi. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD).
    Impact of the fall prevention Otago Exercise Programme on pain among community-dwelling older adults: a short- and long-term follow-up study2019Ingår i: Clinical Interventions in Aging, ISSN 1176-9092, E-ISSN 1178-1998, Vol. 14, s. 721-726Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Pain is a major public health issue among community-dwelling older adults, with a prevalence of 45-80%. In addition to being strongly associated with reduced physical function, loss of independence, psychological distress, lower quality of life, and risk of earlier death. Recent research has also found that pain in older adults is associated with a higher risk of falls, which itself is another major health concern. Long-term and high-intensity pain are predictors of chronic pain and pain-related disability. Therefore, establishing an evidence-based intervention that can reduce both pain and falls in older adults is of high importance.

    Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether a home-based fall-preventive exercise-program can reduce pain in the target population over both the short and long term.

    Patients and methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a 1-group pretest-posttest design. We included 119 participants who had participated in a recent 2-year fall prevention intervention in a randomized controlled trial. The intervention included exercises based on the Otago Exercise Programme (OEP), an individually tailored and prescribed program that involves home-based exercises supervised by a physiotherapist. Pain was measured using an item from the EuroQol-5D questionnaire.

    Results: Pain was significantly reduced from baseline (n=119) at 3 (n=105, p=0.003), 12 (n=96, p=0.041), and 24 (n=80, p=0.028) months following the commencement of OEP-based exercises.

    Conclusions: These results indicate that the OEP could be a suitable evidence-based program for both pain management and fall prevention among community-dwelling older people who live with pain and are at a higher risk of falling. Our study highlights an effective technique for better pain management and fall prevention in older adults.

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  • 277.
    Cederbom, Sara
    et al.
    OsloMet, Oslo Metropolitan University, Norway.
    Arkkukangas, Marina
    Uppsala universitet.
    Impact of the fall prevention Otago Exercise Programme on pain among community-dwelling older adults: a short- and long-term follow-up study2019Ingår i: Clinical Interventions in Aging, ISSN 1176-9092, E-ISSN 1178-1998, Vol. 14, s. 721-726Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Pain is a major public health issue among community-dwelling older adults, with a prevalence of 45-80%. In addition to being strongly associated with reduced physical function, loss of independence, psychological distress, lower quality of life, and risk of earlier death. Recent research has also found that pain in older adults is associated with a higher risk of falls, which itself is another major health concern. Long-term and high-intensity pain are predictors of chronic pain and pain-related disability. Therefore, establishing an evidence-based intervention that can reduce both pain and falls in older adults is of high importance.

    Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether a home-based fall-preventive exercise-program can reduce pain in the target population over both the short and long term.

    Patients and methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a 1-group pretest-posttest design. We included 119 participants who had participated in a recent 2-year fall prevention intervention in a randomized controlled trial. The intervention included exercises based on the Otago Exercise Programme (OEP), an individually tailored and prescribed program that involves home-based exercises supervised by a physiotherapist. Pain was measured using an item from the EuroQol-5D questionnaire.

    Results: Pain was significantly reduced from baseline (n=119) at 3 (n=105, p=0.003), 12 (n=96, p=0.041), and 24 (n=80, p=0.028) months following the commencement of OEP-based exercises.

    Conclusions: These results indicate that the OEP could be a suitable evidence-based program for both pain management and fall prevention among community-dwelling older people who live with pain and are at a higher risk of falling. Our study highlights an effective technique for better pain management and fall prevention in older adults.

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  • 278.
    Cederholm, Tommy
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Klinisk nutrition och metabolism.
    Sarkopeni: ett "nytt" begrepp med klinisk betydelse för den äldre2008Ingår i: Nordisk Geriatrik, Vol. 11, nr 1, s. 30-32Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 279.
    Cederholm, Tommy
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Klinisk nutrition och metabolism. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Geriatrik. Karolinska Univ Hosp, Theme Inflammat & Aging, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Rothenberg, E.
    Kristianstad Univ, Facutly Hlth Sci, Kristianstad, Sweden.
    Barazzoni, R.
    Univ Trieste, Dept Med Surg & Hlth Sci, Trieste, Italy.
    A Clinically Relevant Diagnosis Code for "Malnutrition in Adults" Is Needed in ICD-112022Ingår i: The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, ISSN 1279-7707, E-ISSN 1760-4788, Vol. 26, nr 4, s. 314-315Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 280. Cermakova, Pavla
    et al.
    Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad
    Johnell, Kristina
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Winblad, Bengt
    Eriksdotter, Maria
    Religa, Dorota
    Cardiovascular medication burden in dementia disorders: a nationwide study of 19,743 dementia patients in the Swedish Dementia Registry2014Ingår i: Alzheimer's research & therapy, ISSN 1758-9193, Vol. 6, nr 3, s. 34-Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Administration of several cardiovascular drugs has an effect on dementia. We aimed to investigate whether there are differences in the use of cardiovascular medication between different dementia disorders. Methods: We obtained information about dementia patients from the Swedish Dementia Registry. Patients were diagnosed with one of these dementia disorders: Alzheimer's disease (n = 8,139), mixed dementia (n = 5,203), vascular dementia (n = 4,982), Lewy body dementia (n = 605), frontotemporal dementia (n = 409) and Parkinson's disease dementia (n = 405). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between use of cardiovascular medication and dementia disorders, after adjustment for age, gender, living alone, cognitive status and total number of drugs (a proxy for overall co-morbidity). Results: Seventy percent of all the dementia patients used cardiovascular medication. Use of cardiovascular drugs is common in patients with vascular and mixed dementia. Male gender, higher age, slightly better cognitive status and living with another person was associated with use of cardiovascular medication. Conclusions: Cardiovascular medication is used extensively across dementia disorders and particularly in vascular and mixed dementia. Future research should investigate the tolerability and effectiveness of these drugs in the different dementia disorders.

  • 281. Cesari, Matteo
    et al.
    Calvani, Riccardo
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI). Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Italy.
    Canevelli, Marco
    Marzetti, Emanuele
    Translation of Research on Sarcopenia Into Clinical Practice2022Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, ISSN 1525-8610, E-ISSN 1538-9375, Vol. 23, nr 5, s. 705-706Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 282.
    Chaillou, Thomas
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper.
    Sanna, Igor
    Department of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Kadi, Fawzi
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper.
    Glutamine-stimulated in vitro hypertrophy is preserved in muscle cells from older women2020Ingår i: Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, ISSN 0047-6374, E-ISSN 1872-6216, Vol. 187, artikel-id 111228Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Age-related loss of muscle mass may result from reduced protein synthesis stimulation in response to anabolic stimuli, such as amino acid (AA) supplementation. The exact etiology of anabolic resistance to AA remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anabolic response [cell size, protein synthesis and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway] to the AA glutamine (a strong anabolic AA highly present in skeletal muscle) in myotubes obtained from 8 young (YW; 21-35 yrs) and 8 older (OW; 65-70 yrs) healthy women. This in vitro model of human primary myogenic cells explores the intrinsic behavior of muscle cells, while excluding potential influences of external factors. We showed that despite lower muscle mass, strength and cardiorespiratory fitness in OW compared to YW, myotube size (myotube diameter and area) and protein synthesis were not altered in OW, and glutamine-induced myotube hypertrophy and protein synthesis were preserved in OW. Apart from a lower glutamine-induced increase in P70S6 kinase phosphorylation in OW, no significant differences in other components of the mTOR pathway were observed between groups. Altogether, our data support the idea that the intrinsic capacity of muscle cells to respond to glutamine stimulation is preserved in healthy older women.

  • 283.
    Chalermsri, Chalobol
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH).
    Understanding food choices and practices among older people in Thailand – an exploratory study2019Självständigt arbete på avancerad nivå (masterexamen), 20 poäng / 30 hpStudentuppsats (Examensarbete)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Food choice and practice of older people is very significant for their health and well-being. Earlier studies have focused on the choices made by older people in developed countries. Therefore, this study aimed to explore food choices and practices among older people in Thailand from the perspectives of older people themselves and their caregivers. Methodology: The study was performed in Samut Sakhon, Thailand. Six Focused Group Discussions and six semi-structured interviews were conducted with older people and their caregivers. The discussions and interviews explored individual food practices and the factors influencing the type and quantity of food selected. Data were transcribed using the denaturalized and verbatim approach, and analysis followed an inductive thematic approach. Results: Both older people and caregivers shared that price and convenience were two common food choice values. Some also mentioned nutritional value as a determining factor. Older people worried about unhygienic food and food which contained chemicals or was contaminated. They were concerned about food preparation process, dirt from pollution of the locality etc. Culture affected the way old people ate with their families, and what they chose to eat. Furthermore, the national Fishery law had a negative impact upon their food selection habits. Conclusion: Older people’s food choice was the outcome from their personal mental processes that weighted, balanced, and prioritized each food choice value such as affordability, convenience, availability or nutritional benefits. To encourage healthy eating habits among older people, individual needs and opinions should be taken into consideration.

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  • 284.
    Chalermsri, Chalobol
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Internationell barnhälsa och nutrition. Mahidol Univ, Fac Med Siriraj Hosp, Dept Prevent & Social Med, Div Geriatr Med, Bangkok, Thailand..
    Aekplakorn, Wichai
    Mahidol Univ, Fac Med Ramathibodi Hosp, Dept Community Med, Bangkok, Thailand..
    Srinonprasert, Varalak
    Mahidol Univ, Fac Med Siriraj Hosp, Dept Med, Div Geriatr Med, Bangkok, Thailand.;Mahidol Univ, Fac Med Siriraj Hosp, Siriraj Hlth Policy Unit, Bangkok, Thailand..
    Body Mass Index Combined With Possible Sarcopenia Status Is Better Than BMI or Possible Sarcopenia Status Alone for Predicting All-Cause Mortality Among Asian Community-Dwelling Older Adults2022Ingår i: Frontiers in Nutrition, E-ISSN 2296-861X, Vol. 9, artikel-id 881121Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundBody mass index (BMI) and sarcopenia are common indicators of nutritional status. Possible sarcopenia, defined as low muscle strength or performance, was recently introduced by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019. We investigated for association between all-cause mortality and BMI combined with possible sarcopenia severity in Asian older adults. MethodsThis study included a subpopulation (8,195 participants aged >= 60 years; male gender: 49.4%; mean age: 69.2 +/- 6.8 years) from the Fourth Thai National Health Examination Survey (NHES-IV). BMI was classified using Asia-Pacific cut-offs. Possible sarcopenia was defined using quadriceps strength based on AWGS 2019 criteria, and possible sarcopenia severity was determined using study population quartile cut-offs. All-cause mortality data was derived from the national vital registry in 2020. ResultsThe prevalence of underweight status and possible sarcopenia was 11.8 and 38.9%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed underweight individuals with severe possible sarcopenia to be at highest risk for increased mortality [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 3.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.89-5.48], and higher risk was found in men compared to women (aHR: 5.35, 95% CI: 1.19-8.97). Obese status without possible sarcopenia was an independent protective factor (aHR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.38-0.97). ConclusionBMI combined with possible sarcopenia severity is a better predictor of mortality risk than either parameter alone.

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  • 285.
    Chalermsri, Chalobol
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Internationell barnhälsa och nutrition. Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
    Moshfiqur Rahman, Syed
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Internationell barnhälsa och nutrition.
    Ekström, Eva-Charlotte
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Internationell barnhälsa och nutrition.
    Ziaei, Shirin
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Internationell barnhälsa och nutrition.
    Aekplakorn, Wichai
    Department of Community Medicine, Ramathobodi Hospital, Mahidol University.
    Satheannopakao, Warapone
    Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University.
    Muangpaisan, Weerasak
    Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University.
    Dietary diversity predicts the mortality among older people: Data from the fifth Thai national health examination survey2023Ingår i: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print), ISSN 0167-4943, E-ISSN 1872-6976, Vol. 110, artikel-id 104986Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To examine the association between dietary diversity (DD) and mortality among Thai older people and to investigate whether age, sex, and nutritional status modify this association.

    Methods: The national survey conducted from 2013 to 2015 recruited 5631 people aged > 60 years. Dietary diversity score (DDS) was assessed for the consumption of eight food groups using food frequency questionnaires. The Vital Statistics System provided the data on mortality in 2021. The association between DDS and mortality was analyzed by Cox proportional hazard model and adjusted for the complex survey design. Interaction terms between DDS and age, sex, and BMI were also tested.

    Results: The DDS was inversely associated with mortality (HR adj 0.98, 95%CI: 0.96–1.00). This association was stronger in people aged > 70 years (HR adj 0.93, 95%CI: 0.90–0.96 for aged 70–79 years, and HR adj 0.92, 95%CI: 0.88–0.95 for aged > 80 years). Inverse association between DDS and mortality was also found in the underweight older population (HR adj 0.95, 95%CI: 0.90–0.99). A positive association was found between DDS and mortality in the overweight/obese group (HR adj 1.03, 95%CI: 1.00–1.05). However, the interaction between the DDS with sex to mortality was not statistically significant.

    Conclusion:Increasing DD reduces mortality among Thai older people, especially in those above 70, and underweight. In contrast, an increase in DD also meant an increase in mortality among the overweight/obese group. Focus should be placed on the nutritional interventions aimed to improve DD for those 70 and over and underweight to reduce mortality.

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  • 286. Chammout, Ghazi
    et al.
    Kelly-Pettersson, Paula
    Hedbeck, Carl-Johan
    Bodén, Henrik
    Stark, André
    Mukka, Sebastian
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, Ortopedi.
    Sköldenberg, Olof
    Primary hemiarthroplasty for the elderly patient with cognitive dysfunction and a displaced femoral neck fracture: a prospective, observational cohort study2021Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, ISSN 1594-0667, E-ISSN 1720-8319, Vol. 33, nr 5, s. 1275-1283Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: At least one-third of hip fracture patients have some degree of impaired cognitive status, which may complicate their postoperative rehabilitation.

    Aim: We aimed to describe the outcome for elderly patients with cognitive dysfunction operated with hemiarthroplasty (HA) for a femoral neck fracture and to study the impact postoperative geriatric rehabilitation has on functional outcome up to 1 year after surgery.

    Methods: 98 patients with a displaced femoral neck fracture with a mean age of 86 years were included and followed up to 1 year. The outcomes were hip-related complications and reoperations, the capacity to return to previous walking ability, health-related quality of life, hip function and mortality.

    Results: The prevalence of hip complications leading to a major reoperation was 6% and the 1-year mortality rate was 31%. The lack of geriatric rehabilitation was correlated with poorer outcomes overall and those who receive geriatric rehabilitation were less likely to be confined to a wheelchair or bedridden at the 1-year follow-up.

    Conclusions: Hemiarthroplasty is an acceptable option for elderly patients with a displaced femoral neck fracture and cognitive dysfunction. A lack of structured rehabilitation is associated with a significant deterioration in walking ability despite a well-functioning hip. However, the causality of this could be due to selection bias of healthier patients being sent to geriatric rehabilitation.

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  • 287.
    Chehrehnegar, Negin
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, Handikappvetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten.
    Shati, Mohsen
    Iran Univ Med Sci IUMS, Iran.
    Esmaeili, Mahdieh
    Univ Social Welf & Rehabil Sci, Iran.
    Foroughan, Mahshid
    Univ Social Welf & Rehabil Sci, Iran.
    Executive function deficits in mild cognitive impairment: evidence from saccade tasks2022Ingår i: Aging & Mental Health, ISSN 1360-7863, E-ISSN 1364-6915, Vol. 26, nr 5, s. 1001-1009Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: Early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is necessary to prevent irreversible brain damage caused by incipient Alzheimers disease. It has been showing that amnestic MCI (a-MCI) subjects exhibit subtle deficits in executive function that can be tested using saccade eye movements. Eye-tracking technology is a sensitive method to measure cognitive impairments in dementia and MCI. Methods In this study, we used eye-tracking technology to explore saccade impairments to distinguish between a-MCI and the variants of reference controls. 21 patients with AD, 40 patients with a-MCI, and 59 normal participants were recruited in current study. We measured saccade reaction time, saccade errors, saccade omission, and uncorrected saccades using anti-saccade and pro-saccade tasks with gap and overlap procedures. These parameters were used as markers of executive function and visual attention deficits.Results: The findings revealed that more errors, more omissions, and fewer corrections characterized the saccade behavior of the a-MCI group compared to the reference group. These eye-tracking characteristics can be considered as inhibitory control and working memory deficits in a-MCI subjects. Our results thus demonstrate the applicability of the anti-saccade task as a cognitive marker in a-MCI. Conclusion The work provides further support for eye-tracking as a useful diagnostic biomarker in the assessment of executive function in aging with cognitive impairments.

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  • 288. Chen, Hui
    et al.
    Zhou, Tianjing
    Guo, Jie
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Ji, John S.
    Huang, Liyan
    Xu, Weili
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI). Tianjin Medical University, China.
    Zuo, Guangmin
    Lv, Xiaozhen
    Zheng, Yan
    Hofman, Albert
    Ma, Yuan
    Yuan, Changzheng
    Association of Long-Term Body Weight Variability With Dementia: A Prospective Study2021Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, ISSN 1079-5006, E-ISSN 1758-535X, Vol. 77, nr 10, s. 2116-2122Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Body weight variability (BWV) refers to intraindividual weight loss and gain over a period. The association of long-term BWV with dementia remains unclear and whether this association is beyond body weight change is undetermined.

    Methods: In the Health and Retirement Study, a total of 5 547 dementia-free participants (56.7% women; mean [SD] age, 71.1 [3.2] years) at baseline (2008) were followed up to 8 years (mean = 6.8 years) to detect incident dementia. Body weight was self-reported biennially from 1992 to 2008. BWV was measured as the coefficient of variation utilizing the body weight reported 9 times across 16 years before baseline. Cox-proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

    Results: Among the 5 547 participants, a total of 427 incident dementia cases were identified during follow-up. Greater long-term BWV was significantly associated with a higher risk of dementia (HR comparing extreme quartiles: 2.01, 95% CI: 1.48-2.72; HR of each SD increment: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.10-1.32; p-trend < .001) independent of mean body weight and body weight change. This significant association was even observed for BWV estimated approximately 15 years preceding dementia diagnosis (HR of each SD increment: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03-1.23) and was more pronounced for that closer to diagnosis.

    Conclusion: Our prospective study suggested that greater BWV may be a novel risk factor for dementia.

  • 289. Chen, Tuo-Yu
    et al.
    Chan, Angelique
    Andersen-Ranberg, Karen
    Herr, Marie
    Fors, Stefan
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Jeune, Bernard
    Herrmann, Francois R.
    Robine, Jean-Marie
    Gondo, Yasuyuki
    Saito, Yasuhiko
    Prevalence and Correlates of Falls Among Centenarians: Results from the Five-Country Oldest Old Project (5-COOP)2020Ingår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, ISSN 1079-5006, E-ISSN 1758-535X, Vol. 75, nr 5, s. 974-979Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Many studies have been conducted to investigate risk factors of falls in older people, but little is known about falls among centenarians. We analyzed the cross-sectional data from the Five-Country Oldest Old Project (5-COOP) to investigate the prevalence and correlates of falls among centenarians. Methods: Data collection was carried out in 2011-2014 in Japan, France, Switzerland, Sweden, and Denmark. The sample consisted of 1,165 centenarians who were at least 100 years old in 2011. The outcome variable was falls in the past 6 months. Demographics, chronic conditions, pain, visual impairment, global cognitive function, dizziness and syncope, number of medications, functional limitation (ie, dressing, bathing, toileting, transferring, incontinence, and feeding), mobility difficulty, poor strength, and assistive device usage were included in the analysis. Results: The prevalence of falls within the last 6 months was 33.7%, ranging from 21.6% (Japan) to 40.9% (France). Being male, experiencing dizziness, syncope, incontinence, and using assistive devices indoors were associated with an increased risk of falls among centenarians. Significant cross-country differences in the relationships between some risk factors (ie, gender, difficulty with bathing, toileting, transferring, and feeding, and using assistive devices for walking indoors and outdoors) and falls were observed. Subsample analysis using data from each country also showed that factors related to falls were different. Conclusions: The prevalence of falls among centenarians is high and fall-related factors may be different than those for their younger counterparts. Given that centenarians is an emerging population, more studies investigating risk factors are needed to better understand falls among centenarians.

  • 290.
    Chen, Yu-Pin
    et al.
    Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
    Kuo, Yi-Jie
    Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
    Liu, Chieh-hsiu
    Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
    Chien, Pei-Chun
    Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
    Chang, Wei-Chun
    Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
    Lin, Chung-Ying
    Institute of Allied Health Sciences and Departments of Occupational Therapy and Public Health, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Rd, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.
    Pakpour, Amir H.
    Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad.
    Prognostic factors for 1-year functional outcome, quality of life, care demands, and mortality after surgery in Taiwanese geriatric patients with a hip fracture: a prospective cohort study2021Ingår i: Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease, ISSN 1759-7218, E-ISSN 1759-720X, Vol. 13Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Hip fractures are a major public health concern among elderly individuals. This study aimed to investigate potential perioperative factors that predict 1-year functional outcome, quality of life (QoL), care demands, and mortality in geriatric patients with a hip fracture.

    Methods: We prospectively enrolled geriatric patients who had undergone hip fracture surgery in one medical center from December 2017 to December 2019. Basic demographic data, handgrip strength, and responses to questionnaires for QoL and activities of daily living (ADL) before the injury were collected at baseline. QoL, ADL, additional care demands other than family support, and mortality events were monitored at 1 year after the operation.

    Results: Among 281 patients with a hip fracture, 39 (13.9%) died within 1 year of the index operation. The mean follow-up interval for the survivors was 403.3 (range: 358–480) days. Among the 242 survivors, ADL and QoL considerably decreased at approximately 1 year following hip surgery. Up to 33.9% of the participants became severely dependent and needed additional care at 1-year follow up. Prefracture ADL status was the crucial predictor for functional outcome, QoL, and additional care demand at 1-year follow up. Cox regression models indicated that male sex, low preoperative serum creatinine, handgrip strength, long surgical delay after a falling accident, and high Charlson Comorbidity Index were considerably associated with a high 1-year mortality risk in the geriatric hip fracture population.

    Conclusion: Hip fracture has long-lasting effects (e.g. functional loss, decline in QoL, increased care demands, and high postoperative mortality rate) on the geriatric population. A robust screening method must be developed for identifying potential prognostic factors, and a stratified care approach must be used that accounts for personalized risks to improve functional outcomes and reduce mortality after hip fracture in geriatric patients, especially in Taiwan.

  • 291. Chiotis, Konstantinos
    et al.
    Saint-Aubert, Laure
    Savitcheva, Irina
    Jelic, Vesna
    Andersen, Pia
    Jonasson, My
    Eriksson, Jonas
    Lubberink, Mark
    Almkvist, Ove
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Psykologiska institutionen, Biologisk psykologi. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Wall, Anders
    Antoni, Gunnar
    Nordberg, Agneta
    Imaging in-vivo tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease with THK5317 PET in a multimodal paradigm2016Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, ISSN 1619-7070, E-ISSN 1619-7089, Vol. 43, nr 9, s. 1686-1699Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose The aim of this study was to explore the cerebral distribution of the tau-specific PET tracer [F-18]THK5317 (also known as (S)-[F-18]THK5117) retention in different stages of Alzheimer's disease; and study any associations with markers of hypometabolism and amyloid-beta deposition. Methods Thirty-three individuals were enrolled, including nine patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia, thirteen with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), two with non-Alzheimer's disease dementia, and nine healthy controls (five young and four elderly). In a multi-tracer PET design [F-18]THK5317, [C-11] Pittsburgh compound B ([C-11]PIB), and [F-18]FDG were used to assess tau pathology, amyloid-beta deposition and cerebral glucose metabolism, respectively. The MCI patients were further divided into MCI [C-11]PIB-positive (n=11) and MCI [C-11]PIB-negative (n=2) groups. Results Test-retest variability for [F-18]THK5317-PET was very low (1.17-3.81 %), as shown by retesting five patients. The patients with prodromal (MCI [C-11]PIB-positive) and dementia-stage Alzheimer's disease had significantly higher [F-18]THK5317 retention than healthy controls (p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively) in areas exceeding limbic regions, and their discrimination from this control group (using the area under the curve) was >98 %. Focal negative correlations between [F-18]THK5317 retention and [F-18]FDG uptake were observed mainly in the frontal cortex, and focal positive correlations were found between [F-18]THK5317 and [C-11] PIB retentions isocortically. One patient with corticobasal degeneration syndrome and one with progressive supranuclear palsy showed no [C-11]PIB but high [F-18]THK5317 retentions with a different regional distribution from that in Alzheimer's disease patients. Conclusions The tau-specific PET tracer [F-18]THK5317 images in vivo the expected regional distribution of tau pathology. This distribution contrasts with the different patterns of hypometabolism and amyloid-beta deposition.

  • 292. Cho, Karl
    et al.
    Cederholm, Tommy
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Klinisk nutrition och metabolism.
    Lökk, Johan
    Calcium intake in elderly patients with hip fractures2008Ingår i: Food & nutrition research, ISSN 1654-6628, Vol. 52, s. 1654-Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Dietary calcium intake is assumed important in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. However, people in countries with a high calcium intake from commodities such as milk and milk products have a high incidence of hip fracture. The effect and influence of calcium intake in the prevention of osteoporotic fracture vary from different studies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate premorbid daily calcium intake in patients with low energy hip fractures during four consecutive years. DESIGN: In total 120 patients (mean age 78+/-8.5 (SD) years) were included between 2002 and 2005. The patients answered a structured food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and interviews on patients' daily calcium intake from food and supplements took place during a 6-month period before the fracture. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was performed in a subgroup of 15 patients. RESULTS: The mean daily calcium intake from food and supplementation was 970+/-500 mg. However, 38% of patients had an intake below the recommended 800 mg/day. There was no significant relationship between calcium intake and age, gender, bone mineral density, serum calcium or albumin, type of fracture or body mass index. The mean free plasma calcium concentration was 2.3+/-0.1, i.e. within the reference limit. In 2005, 80% of the patients who underwent DEXA had manifest osteoporosis. There was a trend towards decreased calcium intake over the observation period, with a mean calcium intake below 800 mg/day in 2005. CONCLUSIONS: Hip fracture patients had a mean calcium intake above the recommended daily intake, as assessed by a FFQ. However, more than one-third of patients had an intake below the recommended 800 mg/day. The intake appeared to decrease over the investigated years. The relationship between calcium intake and fracture susceptibility is complex.

  • 293.
    Chondrogianni, Niki
    et al.
    National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece.
    Voutetakis, Konstantinos
    National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece.
    Kapetanou, Marianna
    National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece.
    Delitsikou, Vasiliki
    National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece.
    Papaevgeniou, Nikoletta
    National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece.
    Sakellari, Marianthi
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin. National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece.
    Lefaki, Maria
    National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece.
    Filippopoulou, Konstantina
    National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece.
    Gonos, Efstathios S.
    National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece; School of Medicine, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Proteasome activation: an innovative promising approach for delaying aging and retarding age-related diseases2015Ingår i: Ageing Research Reviews, ISSN 1568-1637, E-ISSN 1872-9649, Vol. 23, s. 37-55Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Aging is a natural process accompanied by a progressive accumulation of damage in all constituent macromolecules (nucleic acids, lipids and proteins). Accumulation of damage in proteins leads to failure of proteostasis (or vice versa) due to increased levels of unfolded, misfolded or aggregated proteins and, in turn, to aging and/or age-related diseases. The major cellular proteolytic machineries, namely the proteasome and the lysosome, have been shown to dysfunction during aging and age-related diseases. Regarding the proteasome, it is well established that it can be activated either through genetic manipulation or through treatment with natural or chemical compounds that eventually result to extension of lifespan or deceleration of the progression of age-related diseases. This review article focuses on proteasome activation studies in several species and cellular models and their effects on aging and longevity. Moreover, it summarizes findings regarding proteasome activation in the major age-related diseases as well as in progeroid syndromes.

  • 294.
    Choudhary, Anita
    et al.
    RD Gardi Med Coll, Dept Physiol, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    Pathak, Ashish
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH). RD Gardi Med Coll, Dept Pediat, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India;Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Manickam, Ponnaiah
    Indian Council Med Res, Natl Inst Epidemiol, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
    Purohit, Manju
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden;RD Gardi Med Coll, Dept Pathol, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    Rajasekhar, Thomas Daniel
    Indian Council Med Res, Natl Inst Epidemiol, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
    Dhoble, Parag
    RD Gardi Med Coll, Dept Psychiat, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    Sharma, Ashish
    RD Gardi Med Coll, Dept Med, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    Suliya, Juhi
    Indian Inst Publ Hlth Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar 382042, Gujarat, India.
    Apsingekar, Dhanashree
    Indian Inst Publ Hlth Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar 382042, Gujarat, India.
    Patil, Vandana
    RD Gardi Med Coll, Dept Pediat, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    Jaiswal, Ashish
    RD Gardi Coll Physiotherapy, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    Gwarikar, Sudhir
    RD Gardi Med Coll, Dept Med, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    Östh, Josefine
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Jirwe, Maria
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden;Sophiahemmet Univ, Dept Hlth Promoting Sci, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Diwan, Vinod Kumar
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hallgren, Mats
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Mahadik, Vijay
    RD Gardi Med Coll, Dept Pediat, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    Diwan, Vishal
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden;RD Gardi Med Coll, Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India;Ujjain Charitable Trust Hosp, Int Ctr Hlth Res, Res Ctr, Ujjain 456006, Madhya Pradesh, India.
    Effect of Yoga versus Light Exercise to Improve Well-Being and Promote Healthy Aging among Older Adults in Central India: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial2019Ingår i: GERIATRICS, ISSN 2308-3417, Vol. 4, nr 4, artikel-id 64Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Aging is a natural process associated with many functional and structural changes. These changes may include impaired self-regulation, changes in tissues and organs. Aging also affects mood, physical status and social activity. There are adverse changes in cognitive behavior, perceived sensation and thinking processes. Regular physical activity can alleviate many health problems; yet, many older adults are inactive. Yoga is one of the scientific and popular lifestyle practice considered as the integration of mind, body and soul. Results of previous studies reported positive effects of yoga on multiple health outcomes in elderly. However, there is scarcity of scientific information where yoga's effect is examined on over well-being and on multiple health outcomes simultaneously in elderly. This protocol describes methods for a 12-week yoga-based intervention exploring the effects of yoga on well-being in physically inactive elderly living in community.

    Methods and analysis: This two group parallel single blind randomized controlled trial that will be conducted at a designated facility of R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, Central India. A 12-week 60-min yoga intervention three times weekly is designed. Comparison group participants will undergo a 60-min program comprising light exercise focusing on conventional stretching to improve mobility. After screening, 144 participants aged 60-80 years will be recruited. The primary outcome is subjective well-being. Secondary outcomes include mobility, fall risk, cognition, anxiety and depression, mood and stress, sleep quality, pain, physical activity/sedentary behavior and cardio-metabolic risk factors. Assessments will be conducted at baseline (0 week), after the intervention (12+1 week) and at follow-up (36+1 week). Intention-to-treat analyses with mixed linear modeling will be applied.

    Discussion: Through this trial, we aim to determine whether elderly people in the intervention group practicing yoga show more favorable primary (well-being) and secondary outcomes than those in the light exercise focusing on conventional stretching group. We assume that yoga may be practiced to maintain health, reduce particular symptoms commonly associated with skeletal pain, assist in pain relief and enhance well-being. We anticipate that practicing yoga will improve well-being and mental health and may lead to significant improvement in depression, pain and sleep quality.

    Ethics and dissemination: This study is approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, IEC Ref No. 09/2018. All participants would be provided with written and verbal information about the purpose of the project and would be free to withdraw from the study at any time. Refusal to participate in the study would not have any negative consequences. Confidentiality of the information of each participant would be ensured. Knowledge obtained would be disseminated to stakeholders through workshops, meetings and relevant scientific conferences.

    Trial Registration: The trial is prospectively registered with the Indian Council of Medical Research Trial Registry CTRI/2018/07/015051.

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  • 295.
    Claesson Lingehall, Helena
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
    Smulter, Nina
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad. Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, Kirurgi.
    Lindahl, Elisabeth
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
    Lindkvist, Marie
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa.
    Engström, Karl Gunnar
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, Kirurgi.
    Gustafson, Yngve
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Olofsson, Birgitta
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
    Dementia after postoperative delirium in older people who have undergone cardiac surgery: a longitudinal cohort studyManuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 296. Clerici, Francesca
    et al.
    Caracciolo, Barbara
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Stressforskningsinstitutet. Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Cova, Ilaria
    Fusari Imperatori, Susanna
    Maggiore, Laura
    Galimberti, Daniela
    Scarpini, Elio
    Mariani, Claudio
    Fratiglioni, Laura
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Does Vascular Burden Contribute to the Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia?2012Ingår i: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, ISSN 1420-8008, E-ISSN 1421-9824, Vol. 34, nr 3-4, s. 235-243Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: To investigate the contribution of vascular risk factors (VRFs), vascular diseases (VDs) and white matter lesions (WMLs) to the progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Two hundred forty-five consecutive subjects with MCI (age 74.09 ± 6.92 years) were followed for an average of 2.4 years. The Hachinski Ischemic Score and the Framingham Stroke Risk Profile were used to summarize VRFs and VDs. WMLs were graded using the Age-Related White Matter Changes Scale. Results: One hundred twenty-nine (52.6%) out of 245 subjects at risk converted to dementia, including 87 cases of AD. When hypertension occurred in MCI with deep WMLs, a 1.8-fold increased risk of dementia was observed (95% CI = 1.0–3.4). When deep WMLs occurred in MCI with high scores (≥4) on the Hachinski scale, a 3.5-fold (95% CI = 1.6–7.4) and 3.8-fold (95% CI = 1.2–11.5) risk of progression to dementia and AD was observed, respectively. Analogously, the joint effect of WMLs and high scores (≥14) on the Framingham scale nearly doubled the risk of dementia (hazard ratio = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1–3.3). Conclusions: Accelerated progression of MCI to dementia and AD is to be expected when VRFs and VDs occur together with WMLs.

  • 297.
    Clouston, Sean A. P.
    et al.
    SUNY Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA; SUNY Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Terrera, Graciela Muniz
    Univ Edinburgh, Scotland.
    Rodgers, Joseph Lee
    Vanderbilt Univ, TN USA.
    OKeefe, Patrick
    Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, OR 97201 USA.
    Mann, Frank D.
    SUNY Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA; SUNY Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
    Lewis, Nathan A.
    Univ Victoria, Canada.
    Wänström, Linda
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, Statistik och maskininlärning. Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten.
    Kaye, Jeffrey
    Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, OR 97201 USA; NIA Layton Aging & Alzheimers Dis Ctr, OR USA.
    Hofer, Scott M.
    Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, OR 97201 USA; Univ Victoria, Canada.
    Cohort and Period Effects as Explanations for Declining Dementia Trends and Cognitive Aging2021Ingår i: Population and Development Review, ISSN 0098-7921, E-ISSN 1728-4457, Vol. 47, nr 3, s. 611-637Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Studies have reported that the age-adjusted incidence of cognitive impairment and dementia have decreased over the past two decades. Aging is the predominant risk factor for Alzheimers disease and related dementias and for neurocognitive decline. However, aging alone cannot explain changes in the overall age-adjusted incidence of dementia. The objective of this position paper was to describe the potential for cohort and period effects in cognitive decline and incidence of dementia. Cohort effects have long been reported in demographic literature, but starting in the early 1980s researchers began reporting large historical cohort trends in cognitive function. At the same time, period effects have emerged in the form of economic factors and stressors in early and midlife that may result in reduced cognitive dysfunction. Recognizing that aging individuals today were once children and adolescents and that research has clearly noted that childhood cognitive performance are associated with old-age cognitive performance, this review proposes the need to connect these cohort effects with differences in late-life functioning.

  • 298. Cong, Lin
    et al.
    Ren, Yifei
    Hou, Tingting
    Han, Xiaolei
    Dong, Yi
    Wang, Yongxiang
    Zhang, Qinghua
    Liu, Rui
    Xu, Shan
    Wang, Lidan
    Du, Yifeng
    Qiu, Chengxuan
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI). Shandong First Medical University, China.
    Use of Cardiovascular Drugs for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Among Rural-Dwelling Older Chinese Adults2020Ingår i: Frontiers in Pharmacology, E-ISSN 1663-9812, Vol. 11, artikel-id 608136Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Cardiovascular risk factors and related disorders are common among older adults, and use of various classes of cardiovascular (CV) drugs could reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, data are sparse with regard to the use of CV drugs among rural-dwelling older adults in China. Therefore, this population-based study aimed to describe use of CV drugs among older adults living in the rural communities in China, while taking into account the use of CV drugs for primary and secondary prevention of CVDs. This study included 5,246 participants (age >= 65 years; 57.17% women; 40.68% illiteracy) in the baseline examination of the MIND-China study. In March-September 2018, data on health-related factors, CVDs (ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and stroke), and CV drug use were collected via face-to-face survey, clinical examination, and laboratory tests. We classified CV drugs according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system for western medications and specific cardiovascular effects for the products of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). We conducted descriptive analysis. The overall prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors ranged from 14.30% in diabetes and 23.81% in dyslipidemia to 66.70% in hypertension, and CVDs affected 35.07% of all participants (36.28% in women vs. 33.47% in men, p = 0.035). In the total sample, calcium channel blockers (C08) were most commonly used (10.39%), followed by TCM products (7.64%), hypoglycemic agents (A10, 4.73%), renin-angiotensin system (RAS)-acting agents (C09, 4.61%), and lipid-lowering agents (C10, 4.17%). The proportions of CV drugs for primary prevention (i.e., use of CV drugs among people without CVD) were 3.14% for antithrombotic agents (mainly aspirin), 1.38% for lipid-lowering agents, and 3.11% for RAS-acting agents; the corresponding figures for secondary prevention (i.e., use of CV drugs among people with CVD) were 13.97%, 9.35%, and 7.39%. In conclusion, despite highly prevalent cardiovascular risk factors and CVDs, a fairly low proportion of the rural-dwelling older adults take CV medications for primary and secondary prevention. Notably, TCM products are among the most commonly used CV drugs. These results call for additional efforts to promote implementation of the evidence-based recommendations for prevention of CVDs in the primary care settings.

  • 299.
    Conradsson, Mia
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Littbrand, Håkan
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik. Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Sjukgymnastik.
    Boström, Gustaf
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Lindelöf, Nina
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Gustafson, Yngve
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Rosendahl, Erik
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik. Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Sjukgymnastik.
    Is a change in functional capacity or dependency in activities of daily living associated with a change in mental health among older people living in residential care facilities?2013Ingår i: Clinical Interventions in Aging, ISSN 1176-9092, E-ISSN 1178-1998, Vol. 8, s. 1561-1568Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: Functional capacity and dependency in activities of daily living (ADL) could be important mediators for an association between physical exercise and mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a change in functional capacity or dependency in ADL is associated with a change in depressive symptoms and psychological well-being among older people living in residential care facilities, and whether dementia can be a moderating factor for this association.

    Methods: A prospective cohort study was undertaken. Participants were 206 older people, dependent in ADL, living in residential care facilities, 115 (56%) of whom had diagnosed dementia. Multivariate linear regression, with comprehensive adjustment for potential confounders, was used to investigate associations between differences over 3 months in Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) scores, and in BBS and Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGCMS) scores. Associations were also investigated between differences in Barthel ADL Index and GDS-15 scores, and in Barthel ADL Index and PGCMS scores.

    Results: There were no significant associations between changes in scores over 3 months; the unstandardized beta for associations between BBS and GDS-15 was 0.026 (P=0.31), BBS and PGCMS 0.045 (P=0.14), Barthel ADL Index and GDS-15 0.123 (P=0.06), and Barthel ADL Index and PGCMS -0.013 (P=0.86). There were no interaction effects for dementia.

    Conclusion: A change in functional capacity or dependency in ADL does not appear to be associated with a change in depressive symptoms or psychological well-being among older people living in residential care facilities. These results may offer one possible explanation as to why studies of physical exercise to influence these aspects of mental health have not shown effects in this group of older people.

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    Is a change in functional capacity or dependency in activities of daily living associated with a change in mental health among older people living in residential care facilities?
  • 300. Corazzini, Kirsten N.
    et al.
    Anderson, Ruth A.
    Bowers, Barbara J.
    Chu, Charlene H.
    Edvardsson, David
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad. La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
    Fagertun, Anette
    Gordon, Adam L.
    Leung, Angela Y. M.
    McGilton, Katherine S.
    Meyer, Julienne E.
    Siegel, Elena O.
    Thompson, Roy
    Wang, Jing
    Wei, Sijia
    Wu, Bei
    Lepore, Michael J.
    Toward Common Data Elements for International Research in Long-term Care Homes: Advancing Person-Centered Care2019Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, ISSN 1525-8610, E-ISSN 1538-9375, Vol. 20, nr 5, s. 598-603Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    To support person-centered, residential long-term care internationally, a consortium of researchers in medicine, nursing, behavioral, and social sciences from 21 geographically and economically diverse countries have launched the WE-THRIVE consortium to develop a common data infrastructure. WE-THRIVE aims to identify measurement domains that are internationally relevant, including in low-, middle-, and high-income countries, prioritize concepts to operationalize domains, and specify a set of data elements to measure concepts that can be used across studies for data sharing and comparisons. This article reports findings from consortium meetings at the 2016 meeting of the Gerontological Society of America and the 2017 meeting of the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics, to identify domains and prioritize concepts, following best practices to identify common data elements (CDEs) that were developed through the US National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Nursing Research's CDEs initiative. Four domains were identified, including organizational context, workforce and staffing, person-centered care, and care outcomes. Using a nominal group process, WE-THRIVE prioritized 21 concepts across the 4 domains. Several concepts showed similarity to existing measurement structures, whereas others differed. Conceptual similarity (convergence; eg, concepts in the care outcomes domain of functional level and harm-free care) provides further support of the critical foundational work in LTC measurement endorsed and implemented by regulatory bodies. Different concepts (divergence; eg, concepts in the person-centered care domain of knowing the person and what matters most to the person) highlights current gaps in measurement efforts and is consistent with WE-THRIVE's focus on supporting resilience and thriving for residents, family, and staff. In alignment with the World Health Organization's call for comparative measurement work for health systems change, WE-THRIVE's work to date highlights the benefits of engaging with diverse LTC researchers, including those in low-, middle-, and high-income countries, to develop a measurement infrastructure that integrates the aspirations of person-centered LTC.

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