Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet

Endre søk
Begrens søket
1234567 151 - 200 of 1688
RefereraExporteraLink til resultatlisten
Permanent link
Referera
Referensformat
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Annet format
Fler format
Språk
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Annet språk
Fler språk
Utmatningsformat
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Treff pr side
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sortering
  • Standard (Relevans)
  • Forfatter A-Ø
  • Forfatter Ø-A
  • Tittel A-Ø
  • Tittel Ø-A
  • Type publikasjon A-Ø
  • Type publikasjon Ø-A
  • Eldste først
  • Nyeste først
  • Skapad (Eldste først)
  • Skapad (Nyeste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Eldste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Nyeste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (tidligste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (siste først)
  • Standard (Relevans)
  • Forfatter A-Ø
  • Forfatter Ø-A
  • Tittel A-Ø
  • Tittel Ø-A
  • Type publikasjon A-Ø
  • Type publikasjon Ø-A
  • Eldste først
  • Nyeste først
  • Skapad (Eldste først)
  • Skapad (Nyeste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Eldste først)
  • Senast uppdaterad (Nyeste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (tidligste først)
  • Disputationsdatum (siste først)
Merk
Maxantalet träffar du kan exportera från sökgränssnittet är 250. Vid större uttag använd dig av utsökningar.
  • 151.
    Berner, Jessica
    et al.
    Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Fakulteten för teknikvetenskaper, Institutionen för hälsa.
    Moraes, Ana Luiza Dallora
    Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Fakulteten för teknikvetenskaper, Institutionen för hälsa.
    Sanmartin Berglund, Johan
    Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Fakulteten för teknikvetenskaper, Institutionen för hälsa.
    Anderberg, Peter
    Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Fakulteten för teknikvetenskaper, Institutionen för hälsa.
    Technology anxiety and technology enthusiasm versus digital ageism2022Inngår i: Gerontechnology, ISSN 1569-1101, E-ISSN 1569-111X, Vol. 21, nr 1Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Europe has called attention to the importance of the e-inclusion of older adults. Society is indicating that the developers, websites, and devices are causing age bias in technology. This affects living independently, the values of ethical principles associated with an older person, and digital ageism: which is an age-related bias in artificial intelligence systems. Objective: This research attempts to investigate the instrument technology anxiety and enthusiasm, and assistive technology devices during the period 2019- 2021. This instrument may be a way to redress misconceptions about digital ageism. The assistive technology device that we will investigate in this study is the adoption of a service that is designed for online health consultations. Method: The participants are part of the longitudinal Swedish National Study on Aging and Care. Technology anxiety and technology enthusiasm are two factors, which aim to measure technophilia (vs technophobia) in older adults. The age range is 63 -99 years of age in 2019 T1 and 66 -101 in 2021 T2. Wilcoxon rank test was conducted to investigate technology enthusiasm, technology anxiety, and how they changed with time. An Edwards Nunnally index was then calculated for both variables to observe a significant change in score from T1 to T2. Mann Whitney U test was used to investigate the variables sex and health status with technology anxiety & technology enthusiasm in T1 & T2. Age, Cognitive function MMSE, and digital social participation were investigated through a Kruskall-Wallis test. A logistic regression was conducted with the significant variable. Results: Between 2019-2021, change in technology enthusiasm was based on less digital social participation (OR: 0.608; CI 95%: 0.476- 0.792). Technology anxiety was significantly higher due to age (OR: 1.086, CI 95%: 1.035-1.139) and less digital social participation (OR: 0.684; CI 95%: 0.522- 0.895). The want for online healthcare consultations was popular but usage was low. Conclusion: Staying active on- line and participating digitally may be a way to reduce digital ageism. However, digital ageism is a complex phenomenon, which requires different solutions in order to include older people and reduce an inaccurate categorisation of this group in the digital society.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 152.
    Berner, Jessica
    et al.
    Blekinge Tekniska Högskola.
    Rennemark, Mikael
    Blekinge Tekniska Högskola.
    Jogreus, Claes
    Blekinge Tekniska Högskola.
    Berglund, Johan
    Blekinge Tekniska Högskola.
    Factors associated with change in Internet usage of the swedish older adults between 2004 and 20102012Inngår i: Health Informatics Journal, ISSN 1460-4582, E-ISSN 1741-2811, Vol. 19, nr 2, s. 152-162Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract: The increased reliance on Internet use in social functions has presumably left out a part of the population: the oldest-older adults. These are people who have not kept themselves up to date with the technological developments for various reasons. There are, however, exceptions from whom we have something to learn. This study investigates the older people in Sweden who started to use the Internet over a period of 6 years. Cognition, extraversion, openness, functional disability, household economy, sex, age and education were investigated in relation to starting to use the Internet. A chi-square test, Spearman correlation and a logistic regression analysis were conducted. It was found that higher cognition, being male and being between the ages of 60 and 80 years were determining factors in starting to use the Internet for the Swedish older adult. Our results indicate that the oldest-older adults are slow to adapt to using the Internet and more attention should be paid on how to support this group.

  • 153. Berner, Jessica
    et al.
    Rennemark, Mikael
    Jogréus, Claes
    Anderberg, Peter
    Sköldunger, Anders
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Wahlberg, Maria
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Elmståhl, Sölve
    Berglund, Johan
    Factors influencing Internet usage in older adults (65 years and above) living in rural and urban Sweden2015Inngår i: Health Informatics Journal, ISSN 1460-4582, E-ISSN 1741-2811, Vol. 21, nr 3, s. 237-249Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Older adults living in rural and urban areas have shown to distinguish themselves in technology adoption; a clearer profile of their Internet use is important in order to provide better technological and health-care solutions. Older adults' Internet use was investigated across large to midsize cities and rural Sweden. The sample consisted of 7181 older adults ranging from 59 to 100 years old. Internet use was investigated with age, education, gender, household economy, cognition, living alone/or with someone and rural/urban living. Logistic regression was used. Those living in rural areas used the Internet less than their urban counterparts. Being younger and higher educated influenced Internet use; for older urban adults, these factors as well as living with someone and having good cognitive functioning were influential. Solutions are needed to avoid the exclusion of some older adults by a society that is today being shaped by the Internet.

  • 154. Berrada, Dounia
    et al.
    Romero, Mario
    Georgia Institute of Technology, US.
    Abowd, Gregory
    Blount, Marion
    Davis, John
    Automatic Administration of the Get Up and Go Test2007Inngår i: HealthNet'07: Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGMOBILE International Workshop on Systems and Networking Support for Healthcare and Assisted Living Environments, ACM Digital Library, 2007, s. 73-75Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In-home monitoring using sensors has the potential to improve the life of elderly and chronically ill persons, assist their family and friends in supervising their status, and provide early warning signs to the person's clinicians. The Get Up and Go test is a clinical test used to assess the balance and gait of a patient. We propose a way to automatically apply an abbreviated version of this test to patients in their residence using video data without body-worn sensors or markers.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 155.
    Bevilacqua, Roberta
    et al.
    National Institute of Health and Science on Ageing (INRCA), Italy.
    Di Rosa, Mirko
    National Institute of Health and Science on Ageing (INRCA), Italy.
    Felici, Elisa
    National Institute of Health and Science on Ageing (INRCA), Italy.
    Stara, Vera
    National Institute of Health and Science on Ageing (INRCA), Italy.
    Barbabella, Francesco
    National Institute of Health and Science on Ageing (INRCA), Italy.
    Rossi, Lorena
    National Institute of Health and Science on Ageing (INRCA), Italy.
    Towards an impact assessment framework for ICT-based systems supporting older people: Making evaluation comprehensive through appropriate concepts and metrics2014Inngår i: Ambient Assisted Living: Italian Forum 2013 / [ed] Sauro Longhi, Pietro Siciliano, Michele Germani, Andrea Monteriù, New York: Springer, 2014, s. 215-222Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 156.
    Bieber, A.
    et al.
    Medical Faculty, Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
    Stephan, A.
    Medical Faculty, Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
    Verbeek, H.
    School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
    Verhey, F.
    School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
    Kerpershoek, L.
    School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
    Wolfs, C.
    School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
    de Vugt, M.
    School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
    Woods, R. T.
    Dementia Services Development CentreWales, Bangor University, Bangor, UK.
    Røsvik, J.
    Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, and Department of GeriatricMedicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
    Selbaek, G.
    Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, and Department of GeriatricMedicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
    Sjölund, Britt-Marie
    Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för hälsa och arbetsliv, Avdelningen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, Medicin- och vårdvetenskap. Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institut, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wimo, A.
    Department of Neurobiology, Care sciences and Society, Karolinska Institut, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hopper, L.
    School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
    Irving, K.
    School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
    Marques, M. J.
    CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
    Gonçalves-Pereira, M.
    CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, Nova Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
    Portolani, E.
    Alzheimer’s Research Unit-Memory Clinic, Brescia, Italy.
    Zanetti, O.
    Alzheimer’s Research Unit-Memory Clinic, Brescia, Italy.
    Meyer, G.
    Medical Faculty, Institute for Health and Nursing Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.
    Access to community care for people with dementia and their informal carers: Case vignettes for a European comparison of structures and common pathways to formalcare [Zugang zu professioneller Unterstützung für Menschen mit Demenz und ihre Angehörigen: Fallvignetten für den europäischen Vergleich von Strukturen und Zugangswegen zu professioneller Pflege]2018Inngår i: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie (Print), ISSN 0948-6704, E-ISSN 1435-1269, Vol. 51, nr 5, s. 530-536Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    People with dementia and their informal carers often do not receive appropriate professional support or it is not received at the right time.

    Objectives

    Description and comparison of common pathways to formal community dementia care in eight European countries as a part of the transnational Actifcare project.

    Materials and methods

    The German team was responsible for creating an individual case scenario as a starting point. The research teams in Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, and the United Kingdom were then asked to describe a common pathway to formal dementia care by writing their own vignette using the provided individual case scenario.

    Results

    A transnational qualitative content analysis was used to identify the following categories as being the most important: involved professionals, dementia-specific and team-based approaches, proactive roles, and financial aspects. General practitioners (GPs) are described as being the most important profession supporting the access to formal care in all the involved countries. In some countries other professionals take over responsibility for the access procedure. Dementia-specific approaches are rarely part of standard care; team-based approaches have differing significances in each of the countries. Informal carers are mainly proactive in seeking formal care. The Nordic countries demonstrate how financial support enhances access to the professional system.

    Conclusion

    Enhanced cooperation between GPs and other professions might optimize access to formal dementia care. Team-based approaches focusing on dementia care should be developed further. Informal carers should be supported and relieved in their role. Financial barriers remain which should be further investigated and reduced.

  • 157.
    Bielsten, Therese
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, Avdelningen för omvårdnad. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Hellström, Ingrid
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, Avdelningen för omvårdnad. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Ersta Skondal Bracke Univ Coll, Sweden.
    A review of couple-centred interventions in dementia: Exploring the what and why - Part A2019Inngår i: Dementia, ISSN 1471-3012, E-ISSN 1741-2684, Vol. 18, nr 7-8, s. 2436-2449Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction Symptoms of dementia bring about challenges to couples relationships. Relationship-focused support has been highlighted to be of significant importance for sustained relationship quality and to reduce the negative impact of dementia on the dyadic relationship. This review aimed to explore the what and why of interventions aimed at couples where one partner has a diagnosis of dementia and in which the couple jointly participate. Method Searches were performed in Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from January 2000 to August 2017. Results Six studies were included. Objectives for the person with dementia was related to cognitive function and for the care partner the objectives were related to well-being. The majority of the outcomes were mirrored by the objectives and focused on cognitive function for people with dementia and depression and relationship quality for care partners. Our findings indicate that people with dementia should be included in the assessment of the relationship in order to gain an overall picture of relationship dynamics and to increase tailored support in couple-centred interventions. Conclusions The findings of this review indicate that joint interventions for people with dementia and care partners are lacking a genuine dyadic approach where both partners views of their relationship are valued. In order to identify targets for support and to use the appropriate outcome measures, the quality of the relationship should be recognised and taken into account. Moreover, there is a lack of a salutogenic approach in couple-centred interventions in which couples strengths and resources can be identified and supported.

  • 158.
    Bielsten, Therése
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, Avdelningen för omvårdnad och reproduktiv hälsa. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    “Doing things together”: Towards a health promoting approach to couples’ relationships and everyday life in dementia2020Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Most people with dementia live in their own homes, often together with their partners, who become informal caregivers. Relationship quality and sense of couplehood can be threatened as a result of the transition from a mutually interdependent relationship to a caregiver-care-receiver relationship. This, in turn, may lead to many negative consequences for both partners. Support provided for couples is often divided into different types for the person with dementia and for the partner without dementia and lacks couple-based support that targets the relationship, resources and the couple’s everyday life together.

    Aim: The overall aim of this thesis is to explore couple-centred interventions in dementia and to develop and test a salutogenic, resource-oriented and couple-based intervention among couples in which one partner has dementia living at home.

    Methods and findings: This thesis comprises three parts: The first part Exploring involves two linked reviews, one narrative review (study I A) and one scoping review (study I B) that aim to identify and describe what previous couple-centred interventions comprised and why they were conducted. The results of the reviews revealed a knowledge gap in and a need for easily accessible support that targets couple relationships, resources and everyday life. The second part Developing (study II) refers to the development of an easily accessible resource-oriented couple-management intervention. The first step was to identify priority topics for such an intervention through a co-researcher process with couples living with dementia. This included a comprehensive literature review, interviews with couples in which one partner has dementia, and consultation meetings with expert groups of people with dementia and partners in both Sweden and the UK. The co-researcher process and the expert meetings informed four main themes with corresponding sub-themes that couples with dementia considered as important to their wellbeing in their everyday lives: (1) Home and Neighbourhood, (2) Meaningful Activities and Relationships, (3) Approach and Empowerment, and (4) Couplehood. The themes were further developed and integrated into the multimedia application DemPower, which was developed for the delivery of the intervention. The third part Testing and Evaluating describes a feasibility study (study III) in which the DemPower application was tested for feasibility and acceptability among couples in Sweden and the UK. The results of the feasibility study indicated that the DemPower intervention was feasible and acceptable among couples in which one partner has dementia living at home. The testing and evaluating part also comprise a qualitative study (study IV) that explores the experiences of engaging with DemPower together as a couple living with dementia in Sweden. The findings resulted in the three themes: (1) Growth of the relationship, (2) We are not alone, and (3) Positive approach, which the couples appreciated and associated with the resource-oriented and salutogenic approach of DemPower. The overall findings of the thesis are presented in a concluding synthesis at the end of the thesis. The concluding synthesis, focused on “Meaningfulness”, “Empowering health promotion”, “Normalization” and “Transitions and couplehood”, represents the core findings of this thesis.

    What this thesis adds: This thesis contributes to research, healthcare and the public by highlighting the need for a salutogenic approach toward couples living with dementia. The DemPower application, with its focus on couples’ relationships, resource-orientation and everyday life, has proven feasibility and acceptability and has meaningfully addressed a gap in the literature and in practice. As researchers, healthcare professionals and the public, we need to support couples where one partner has dementia to continue to live as normal life as possible. This can best be achieved by focusing on what couples can do, by inclusion and by valuing them as the experts within dementia research and of their life experiences.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
    Download (png)
    presentationsbild
  • 159.
    Bielsten, Therése
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet.
    Hellström, Ingrid
    Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap. Linköpings universitet.
    Den bortglömda kroppen2016Inngår i: Att leva med demens / [ed] Ingrid Hellström; Lars-Christer Hydén, Malmö: Gleerups Utbildning AB, 2016, s. 97-103Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 160.
    Bildtgård, Torbjörn
    et al.
    Social Work, Stockholm University.
    Öberg, Peter
    Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för hälsa och arbetsliv, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, Socialt arbete.
    New intimate relationships and informal care obligations in later life2013Inngår i: The Gerontologist, ISSN 0016-9013, E-ISSN 1758-5341, Vol. 53, nr Suppl. 1, s. 413-414Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 161. Bildtgård, Torbjörn
    et al.
    Öberg, Peter
    Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för hälsa och arbetsliv, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, Socialt arbete.
    New sexual relationships in later life: the case of late modern Sweden2013Inngår i: The Gerontologist, ISSN 0016-9013, E-ISSN 1758-5341, Vol. 53, nr Suppl., s. 300-300Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 162.
    Bildtgård, Torbjörn
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för socialt arbete - Socialhögskolan.
    Öberg, Peter
    Time as a structuring condition behind new intimate relationships in later life2015Inngår i: Ageing & Society, ISSN 0144-686X, E-ISSN 1469-1779, Vol. 35, nr 7, s. 1505-1528Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Although mobility in and out of intimate relationships has become more common in later life, it has been a neglected issue in social gerontology. In this article, we ask what characterises the formation of new intimate relationships in later life, and whether there are any specific conditions that separate these from relationships in earlier stages of the lifecourse. On the basis of qualitative interviews with 28 persons aged 63-91 who have established a new intimate heterosexual relationship after the age of 60 or who are dating singles, we argue that time constitutes such a central structuring condition. We discuss and theorise two aspects of time - post-(re) productive free time and remaining time - which have an important formative power on new late-in-life relationships. We argue that together these aspects form a central existential structure of ageing in many Western societies - the paradoxical condition of having lots of available free time but little time left in life - which, besides influencing new late-in-life relationships, might also be relevant to other aspects of and choices in later life.

  • 163.
    Bistrom, M.
    et al.
    Umea Univ, Sweden.
    Jons, D.
    Univ Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Engdahl, E.
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Ctr Mol Med, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, R.
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Ctr Mol Med, Sweden.
    Huang, J.
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Ctr Mol Med, Sweden.
    Brenner, N.
    German Canc Res Ctr, Germany.
    Butt, J.
    German Canc Res Ctr, Germany.
    Alonso-Magdalena, L.
    Lund Univ, Sweden; Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Gunnarsson, M.
    Orebro Univ, Sweden.
    Vrethem, Magnus
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för neurobiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Neurologiska kliniken i Linköping.
    Bender, N.
    German Canc Res Ctr, Germany.
    Waterboer, T.
    German Canc Res Ctr, Germany.
    Granasen, G.
    Umea Univ, Sweden.
    Olsson, T.
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Ctr Mol Med, Sweden.
    Kockum, I.
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Ctr Mol Med, Sweden.
    Andersen, O.
    Univ Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Fogdell-Hahn, A.
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Ctr Mol Med, Sweden.
    Sundstrom, Peter
    Umea Univ, Sweden.
    Epstein-Barr virus infection after adolescence and human herpesvirus 6A as risk factors for multiple sclerosis2021Inngår i: European Journal of Neurology, ISSN 1351-5101, E-ISSN 1468-1331, Vol. 28, nr 2, s. 579-586Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and purpose Infections with human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) have been linked to multiple sclerosis (MS) development. For EBV, late infection has been proposed as a risk factor, but serological support is lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate how age affects the EBV and HHV-6A associated risks of developing MS. Methods In this nested case-control study, Swedish biobanks were accessed to find pre-symptomatically collected blood samples from 670 individuals who later developed relapsing MS and 670 matched controls. A bead-based multiplex assay was used to determine serological response against EBV and HHV-6A. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results Seropositivity against EBV exhibited a pattern where associations switched from a decreased risk of developing MS in the group below 20 years of age to an increased risk amongst individuals aged 20-29 and 30-39 years (p for trend 0.020). The age of transition was estimated to be 18.8 years. In contrast, HHV-6A was associated with increased MS risk in all age groups (total cohort odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.6-2.7). Conclusions This study suggests EBV infection after adolescence and age independent HHV-6A infection as risk factors for MS.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 164.
    Biström, Martin
    et al.
    Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Jons, Daniel
    Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Engdahl, Elin
    Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Gustafsson, Rasmus
    Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Huang, Jesse
    Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Brenner, Nicole
    Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), Heidelberg, Germany.
    Butt, Julia
    Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), Heidelberg, Germany.
    Alonso-Magdalena, Lucia
    Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital in Malmö/Lund, Institution of Clinical Sciences, Neurology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Gunnarsson, Martin
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Vrethem, Magnus
    Department of Neurology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Bender, Noemi
    Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), Heidelberg, Germany.
    Waterboer, Tim
    Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), Heidelberg, Germany.
    Granåsen, Gabriel
    Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Olsson, Tomas
    Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Kockum, Ingrid
    Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Andersen, Oluf
    Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
    Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Sundström, Peter
    Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Epstein-Barr virus infection after adolescence and Human herpesvirus 6A as risk factors for multiple sclerosis2021Inngår i: European Journal of Neurology, ISSN 1351-5101, E-ISSN 1468-1331, Vol. 28, nr 2, s. 579-586Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and purpose: Infections with human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) have been linked to multiple sclerosis (MS) development. For EBV, late infection has been proposed as a risk factor, but serological support is lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate how age affects the EBV and HHV-6A associated risks of developing MS.

    Methods: In this nested case–control study, Swedish biobanks were accessed to find pre-symptomatically collected blood samples from 670 individuals who later developed relapsing MS and 670 matched controls. A bead-based multiplex assay was used to determine serological response against EBV and HHV-6A. Conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

    Results: Seropositivity against EBV exhibited a pattern where associations switched from a decreased risk of developing MS in the group below 20 years of age to an increased risk amongst individuals aged 20–29 and 30–39 years (p for trend 0.020). The age of transition was estimated to be 18.8 years. In contrast, HHV-6A was associated with increased MS risk in all age groups (total cohort odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.6–2.7).

    Conclusions: This study suggests EBV infection after adolescence and age independent HHV-6A infection as risk factors for MS.

  • 165.
    Bjalkebring, Par
    et al.
    Univ Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Henning, Georg
    German Ctr Gerontol, Germany.
    Västfjäll, Daniel
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, Psykologi. Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten. Decis Res, OR USA.
    Dickert, Stephan
    Queen Mary Univ London, England; Univ Klagenfurt, Austria.
    Brehmer, Yvonne
    Tilburg Univ, Netherlands.
    Buratti, Sandra
    Univ Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Hansson, Isabelle
    Univ Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Johansson, Boo
    Univ Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Helping Out or Helping Yourself?: Volunteering and Life Satisfaction Across the Retirement Transition2021Inngår i: Psychology and Aging, ISSN 0882-7974, E-ISSN 1939-1498, Vol. 36, nr 1, s. 119-130Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    It has been suggested that volunteering leads to increases in well-being, particularly in older and retiring adults, and that volunteering could be used as a public health intervention to increase well-being. However, the causal relationship has been questioned. We investigated the association between voluntary work and life satisfaction in a bivariate dual-change score model, using 4 years of longitudinal data from 1,123 participants from the Health, Aging and Retirement Transitions in Sweden (HEARTS) study. Both the frequency of volunteering and the level of life satisfaction increased across the retirement transition. However, baseline life satisfaction and volunteering were only marginally associated. Further, the coupling parameters suggest that higher levels of volunteering were followed by decreases in life satisfaction and that higher levels of life satisfaction were followed by increases in volunteering. These findings suggest that increasing levels of volunteering might not be a fruitful strategy for improving life satisfaction for all older adults-if people engage too much in voluntary work, it might even be detrimental for their life satisfaction. More research is needed to better understand when and for whom increased levels of volunteering might have positive effects on life satisfaction.

  • 166.
    Bjalkebring, Par
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Västfjäll, Daniel
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, Psykologi. Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten. University of Oregon, OR 97403 USA.
    Dickert, Stephan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, Psykologi. Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten. Vienna University of Econ and Business, Austria.
    Slovic, Paul
    University of Oregon, OR 97403 USA.
    Greater Emotional Gain from Giving in Older Adults: Age-Related Positivity Bias in Charitable Giving2016Inngår i: Frontiers in Psychology, E-ISSN 1664-1078, Vol. 7Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Older adults have been shown to avoid negative and prefer positive information to a higher extent than younger adults. This positivity bias influences their information processing as well as decision-making. We investigate age-related positivity bias in charitable giving in two studies. In Study 1 we examine motivational factors in monetary donations, while Study 2 focuses on the emotional effect of actual monetary donations. In Study 1, participants (n = 353, age range 20-74 years) were asked to rate their affect toward a person in need and then state how much money they would be willing to donate to help this person. In Study 2, participants (n = 108, age range 19-89) were asked to rate their affect toward a donation made a few days prior. Regression analysis was used to investigate whether or not the positivity bias influences the relationship between affect and donations. In Study 1, we found that older adults felt more sympathy and compassion and were less motivated by negative affect when compared to younger adults, who were motivated by both negative and positive affect. In Study 2, we found that the level of positive emotional reactions from monetary donations was higher in older participants compared to younger participants. We find support for an age-related positivity bias in charitable giving. This is true for motivation to make a future donation, as well as affective thinking about a previous donation. We conclude that older adults draw more positive affect from both the planning and outcome of monetary donations and hence benefit more from engaging in monetary charity than their younger counterparts.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 167.
    Bjork, Maria
    et al.
    Jonkoping Univ, Sweden.
    Knutsson, Susanne
    Linnaeus Univ, Sweden.
    Odzakovic, Elzana
    Jonkoping Univ, Sweden.
    Hellstrom, Amanda
    Linnaeus Univ, Sweden.
    Sandlund, Christina
    Karolinska Inst, Sweden; Acad Primary Hlth Care Ctr, Sweden.
    Ulander, Martin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för neurobiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Neurofysiologiska kliniken US.
    Lind, Jonas
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för neurobiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Cty Hosp Ryhov, Sweden.
    Pakpour, Amir H.
    Jonkoping Univ, Sweden.
    Broström, Anders
    Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Neurofysiologiska kliniken US. Jonkoping Univ, Sweden; Western Norway Univ Appl Sci, Norway.
    Members of, Jonkoping Univ JU Sleep Well Res Grp
    Validation of two brief instruments (the SURE and CollaboRATE) to measure shared decision-making in patients with restless legs syndrome2023Inngår i: Journal of Sleep Research, ISSN 0962-1105, E-ISSN 1365-2869Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disorder characterised by an urge to move arms and legs, usually associated with discomfort, pain, motor restlessness, and sleep disturbance. An individually adapted treatment is needed but difficult to optimise, which makes shared decision-making (SDM) important. However, brief validated instruments on how patients with RLS perceive their involvement in treatment decisions are lacking. Therefore, the aim was to validate two instruments, SURE (Sure of myself, Understand information, Risk-benefit ratio, Encouragement, i.e., to assess decisional conflict) and CollaboRATE (brief patient survey focused on SDM, i.e., to assess SDM), in patients with RLS. A cross-sectional design, including 788 participants with RLS (65% females, mean [SD] age 70.8 [11.4] years) from a national patient organisation for RLS, was used. A postal survey was sent out to collect data regarding weight, height, comorbidities, demographics, and RLS-related treatment data. The following instruments were included: the SURE, CollaboRATE, Restless Legs Syndrome-6 Scale, and eHealth Literacy Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch models were used to assess the validity and reliability of the SURE and CollaboRATE. Measurement invariance, unidimensionality, and differential item functioning (DIF) across age, gender, and medication groups were assessed. The SURE and CollaboRATE were both identified as unidimensional instruments with satisfactory internal consistency. No DIF across age and gender was identified, while significant DIF was observed for both the SURE and CollaboRATE regarding medication use categories. However, both the SURE and CollaboRATE are potential instruments to be used in research, but also as reflection tools by healthcare professionals, patients, and students to explore and assess SDM, and support its development in clinical care.

  • 168. Bjuhr, Marie
    et al.
    Engstrom, Maria
    Welmer, Anna-Karin
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Centrum för forskning om äldre och åldrande (ARC), (tills m KI).
    Lindberg, Magnus
    Sjölund, Britt-Marie
    Incentives behind and Experiences of Being Active in Working Life after Age 65 in Sweden2022Inngår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, ISSN 1661-7827, E-ISSN 1660-4601, Vol. 19, nr 23, artikkel-id 15490Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Since individual and societal expectations regarding the possibility of an extended working life after the expected retirement age are increasing, research on sustainable working life combined with healthy ageing is needed. This study explores the incentives behind and experiences of an extended working life after the expected retirement age of 65 among Swedish people. The inductive qualitative content analyses are based on 18 individual semi-structured interviews among persons 67–90 years old with varying characteristics and varying experiences of extended working lives. The analyses revealed that working contributed to (1) sustained internal resources, i.e., cognitive function, physical ability and increased vigor; (2) sustained external resources, i.e., social enrichment, better daily routines and economic benefits; (3) added meaningfulness to life, i.e., being needed, capability and satisfaction with working tasks. Meanwhile, having flexible working conditions enabled a satisfying balance between work and leisure. Altogether, these different aspects of overall health and working life were interpreted as contributing to increased feelings of vitality, the innermost dimension of health. Conclusions: regardless of biological age, our results indicate that being able to remain active in working life can be beneficial to vitality and could make these results valuable for both health-care personnel and employers.

  • 169.
    Bjurbäck, Helena
    Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Institutet för gerontologi.
    I gränslandet mellan att bistå och bistånd: En kartläggning av biståndshandläggares hantering av sociala problem2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [sv]

    Socialt arbete med äldre har under lång tid behandlats synonymt med äldreomsorg. Detta trots att målgruppen är heterogen med skiftande och individuella behov precis som alla andra människor. Detta gör att äldreomsorgen inte sällan får agera sista instans även för äldre personer med sociala problem som kanske inte alltid har tydliga omsorgsbehov. Detta riskerar leda till att vissa sociala problem som äldre personer har faller mellan stolarna och därför behöver biståndshandläggarens uppgifter och arbete för äldre personer breddas. Äldreförvaltningen i Göteborgs stad har beslutat att bredda yrkesrollen till att bistå äldre personer som har behov utanför äldreomsorgen. I samverkan med forskare vid Institutionen för socialt arbete, Göteborgs universitet och Högskolan Väst delades en webbenkät ut till 205 biståndshandläggare i Göteborgs Stad inom avdelningen för myndighet äldre. Kartläggningen genomförs innan förändringen av yrkesrollen ägt rum med som en sorts temperaturtagning av utgångsläget och förutsättningar inför breddningen av yrkesrollen. Materialet från enkätundersökningen används och utgör material till aktuell magisteruppsats för att studera i vilken utsträckning som sociala problem hanteras inom äldreomsorgen inom den traditionella biståndshandläggarrollen. Syftet är att studera biståndshandläggares arbete med sociala problem inom äldreomsorgen och hur detta påverkas av utbildningsbakgrund och antal år i arbetet som biståndshandläggare. Resultaten visar att biståndshandläggare sällan möter sociala problem och att de hänvisar i låg uträckning till andra myndigheter och verksamheter. Det verkar som att antal år i arbetet har större betydelse än utbildningsbakgrund för hantering av sociala problem. Samtidigt säger studien för lite om biståndshandläggarens förutsättningar i arbetet och fler studier behövs. Biståndshandläggare vill arbeta mer förebyggande. Utifrån studiens resultat kan kunskap om relationen mellan olika sociala problem därför förstås som viktig för att de bättre ska kunna upptäcka och förebygga problemen. Breddningen av biståndshandläggarens uppdrag kan även kräva mer kunskap om hanteringen av sociala problem mellan myndigheter och verksamheter som kommer i kontakt med äldre personer och de sociala problemen.

     

     

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 170.
    Bjursell, Cecilia
    Jönköping University, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, HLK, Livslångt lärande/Encell.
    Growth through education: the narratives of older adults2019Inngår i: Frontiers in Sociology, E-ISSN 2297-7775, Vol. 4, artikkel-id 11Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The focus of Narrative Gerontology is placed on stories about the aging process. In the present paper, the learning of older adults in a Senior University context is captured by means of stories written by the participants themselves. The examination of older adults' stories, as they look back on life or any narrative that connected to a specific area of life, can contribute to our understanding of growth later in life. The aim of the study is to examine how growth manifests itself later in life. Participants at Senior University were asked to share their experiences of education later in life. Participation was voluntary and the identity of each participant was kept anonymous for the purpose of the research project. Fifty-three stories written by Senior University participants (n = 38 women and 15 men) were analyzed according to: (i) an inductive analysis of the stories that resulted in a description of the main topics addressed in the stories, and (ii) a deductive analysis that invoked a theoretical framework concerning the existential aspects of older adults' learning, including “corporeality,” “relationality,” “spatiality,” “temporality,” and “materiality.” The two analyses were compared, and it was noted that “relationality” and “spatiality” corresponded to the educational experiences in the stories. “Relationality” was observed to be concerned with the social dimensions of life; but in the context of Senior University, “relationality” was strongly intertwined with the learning process. “Spatiality” addressed how older adults relate to physical- and mental space. Participation at Senior University entailed an expansion of both physical- and mental space for the participants. A number of tensions were identified in the stories. One the one hand, the stories can be interpreted as illustrations of moving forward and embracing continued growth and development. On the other hand, the stories can be interpreted as illustrations of resistance toward aging and decline. Since life is complex and contradictory, multiple, and even contradictory plots, co-exist in life stories.

  • 171.
    Bjursell, Cecilia
    et al.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, HLK, Livslångt lärande/Encell.
    Nystedt, Paul
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, IHH, Nationalekonomi. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, The Jönköping Academy for Improvement of Health and Welfare.
    Björklund, Anita
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ADULT. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping).
    Sternäng, Ola
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Institutet för gerontologi. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping). Stockholm Centre for Health and Social Change (SCOHOS).
    Education level explains participation in work and education later in life2017Inngår i: Educational gerontology, ISSN 0360-1277, E-ISSN 1521-0472, Vol. 43, nr 10, s. 511-521Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    A prolonged working life is crucial for sustaining social welfare and fiscal stability for countries facing ageing populations. The group of older adults is not homogeneous; however, differences within the group may affect the propensity to continue working and to participate in continuing education. The aim of this paper is to explore how participation in work and education vary with gender, age, and education level in a sample of older adults. The study was performed in Sweden, a context characterized by high female labour-market-participation rates and a high average retirement age. The participants were 232 members of four of the major senior citizens? organizations. We found no differences in participation in work and education based on gender. People older than 75 years were found to be as active as people 65?75 years old in education, but the older group worked less. There were positive associations between education level and participation in both work and education. Hence, this study implies that socio-economic inequalities along these dimensions are widened later in life. This highlights the importance of engaging workers with lower education levels in educational efforts throughout life. It also emphasizes the need for true lifelong learning in society.

  • 172.
    Björk, Sabine
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
    Juthberg, Christina
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
    Lindkvist, Marie
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa. Umeå universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, Statistik.
    Wimo, Anders
    Sandman, Per-Olof
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad. Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet; Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology.
    Winblad, Bengt
    Edvardsson, David
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad. School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University.
    Exploring the prevalence and variance of cognitive impairment, pain, neuropsychiatric symptoms and ADL dependency among persons living in nursing homes: a cross-sectional study2016Inngår i: BMC Geriatrics, ISSN 1471-2318, E-ISSN 1471-2318, Vol. 16, artikkel-id 154Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Earlier studies in nursing homes show a high prevalence of cognitive impairment, dependency in activities of daily living (ADL), pain, and neuropsychiatric symptoms among residents. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of the above among residents in a nationally representative sample of Swedish nursing homes, and to investigate whether pain and neuropsychiatric symptoms differ in relation to gender, cognitive function, ADL-capacity, type of nursing-home unit and length of stay. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 188 randomly selected nursing homes were collected. A total of 4831 residents were assessed for cognitive and ADL function, pain and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test. Results: The results show the following: the prevalence of cognitive impairment was 67 %, 56 % of residents were ADL-dependent, 48 % exhibited pain and 92 % exhibited neuropsychiatric symptoms. The prevalence of pain did not differ significantly between male and female residents, but pain was more prevalent among cognitively impaired and ADL-dependent residents. Pain prevalence was not significantly different between residents in special care units for people with dementia (SCU) and general units, or between shorter-and longer-stay residents. Furthermore, the prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms did not differ significantly between male and female residents, between ADL capacities or in relation to length of stay. However, residents with cognitive impairment and residents in SCUs had a significantly higher prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms than residents without cognitive impairment and residents in general units. Conclusions: The prevalence rates ascertained in this study could contribute to a greater understanding of the needs of nursing-home residents, and may provide nursing home staff and managers with trustworthy assessment scales and benchmark values for further quality assessment purposes, clinical development work and initiating future nursing assessments.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 173.
    Björk, Sabine
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
    Lövheim, Hugo
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Lindkvist, Marie
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa. Umeå universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, Statistik.
    Wimo, Anders
    Edvardsson, David
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad. School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Thriving in relation to cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Swedish nursing home residents2018Inngår i: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, ISSN 0885-6230, E-ISSN 1099-1166, Vol. 33, nr 1, s. E49-E57Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore relations among thriving, cognitive function, and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in nursing home residents.

    Methods: A national, cross-sectional, randomized study of Swedish nursing home residents (N = 4831) was conducted between November 2013 and September 2014. Activities of daily life functioning, cognitive functioning, NPS, and thriving were assessed with the Katz activities of daily living, Gottfries' Cognitive Scale, Nursing Home version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, and Thriving of Older People Scale, respectively. Individual NPS were explored in relation to cognitive function. Simple linear and multiple regression models were used to explore thriving in relation to resident characteristics.

    Results: Aggression and depressive symptoms were identified as negatively associated with thriving regardless of resident cognitive functioning. At higher levels of cognitive functioning, several factors showed associations with thriving; however, at lower levels of cognitive functioning, only the degree of cognitive impairment and the NPS was associated with thriving. Most of the individual NPS formed nonlinear relationships with cognitive functioning with higher symptom scores in the middle stages of cognitive functioning. Exceptions were elation/euphoria and apathy, which increased linearly with severity of cognitive impairment.

    Conclusions: The lower the cognitive functioning was, the fewer factors were associated with thriving. Aggression and depressive symptoms may indicate lower levels of thriving; thus, targeting these symptoms should be a priority in nursing homes.

  • 174.
    Björklund Carlstedt, Anita
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ADULT. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping).
    Bridge employment - ett fortsatt arbetsliv2018Inngår i: Äldre i centrum, ISSN 1653-3585, nr 2, s. 44-47Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 175.
    Blaakilde, Anne Leonora
    et al.
    Region Zealand.
    Wilinska, MonikaHögskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Avd. för beteendevetenskap och socialt arbete. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. SALVE (Socialt arbete, Livssammanhang, Välfärd). Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping).Mosberg Iversen, SaraUniversity of Southern Denmark.
    Special issue: Growing old with and via media. MedieKultur: Journal of media and communication research, 33(63)2017Collection/Antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 176.
    Blane, A.
    et al.
    School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
    Lee, H. C.
    School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
    Lee, M.
    School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
    Parsons, R.
    School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
    Falkmer, Torbjörn
    Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. CHILD. Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering. School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
    The cognitive and socio-demographic influences on driving performance and driving cessation in post-stroke drivers2016Inngår i: Advances in Transportation Studies, ISSN 1824-5463, nr 38, s. 75-90Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Driving is a complex activity requiring highly integrated cognitive and perceptual functions that can be negatively affected following a stroke. The decision to continue or cease with driving after a stroke may not be exclusively dependent on deficits in cognitive and motor abilities. Instead, it is possible that social supports, alternative means of transportation, education level, income, self-regulation ability and the awareness of personal health problems may also influence the decision.

    Aim: The aim of this research was to explore the influence of personal and socioeconomic factors, in addition to existing cognitive impairment, on the decision of post-stroke adults to return to driving.

    Method: A case control design was employed to compare driving performance of 48 individuals who had experienced a stroke and 22 volunteer healthy control participants. Half of the post-stroke cohort (N=24) had continued driving and the other half had ceased driving. Socio-demographic and driving-related cognitive performance data were collected to characterise the comparison groups before driving performance was assessed in a driving simulator.

    Results: Overall, the post-stroke groups did not perform as well as the control participants in the cognitive and driving assessments. The perceived ability to drive after a stroke was not significantly correlated with participants'€™ actual driving ability. Post-stroke adults were more likely to continue driving if they reported having a tertiary level education and a greater income.

    Conclusion: The decision to return to driving after a stroke is a complicated, multifactorial process. This study confirms previous research, which found that cognition and driving performance are impaired poststroke. The findings also suggest that post-stroke drivers'€™ decision to return to driving was not linked to their ability to drive, but more to socio-demographic and environmental factors. Further screening tools and assessments to identify those at risk when returning to the road post-stroke are required. 

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 177.
    Blane, Alison
    et al.
    School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
    Lee, Hoe C.
    School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
    Falkmer, Torbjörn
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. CHILD. School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
    Willstrand, Tania Dukic
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute (VTI), Human Factors, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Assessing Cognitive Ability and Simulator-Based Driving Performance in Poststroke Adults2017Inngår i: Behavioural Neurology, ISSN 0953-4180, E-ISSN 1875-8584, artikkel-id 1378308Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Driving is an important activity of daily living, which is increasingly relied upon as the population ages. It has been well-established that cognitive processes decline following a stroke and these processes may influence driving performance. There is much debate on the use of off-road neurological assessments and driving simulators as tools to predict driving performance; however, the majority of research uses unlicensed poststroke drivers, making the comparability of poststroke adults to that of a control group difficult. It stands to reason that in order to determine whether simulators and cognitive assessments can accurately assess driving performance, the baseline should be set by licenced drivers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess differences in cognitive ability and driving simulator performance in licensed community-dwelling poststroke drivers and controls. Two groups of licensed drivers (37 poststroke and 43 controls) were assessed using several cognitive tasks and using a driving simulator. The poststroke adults exhibited poorer cognitive ability; however, there were no differences in simulator performance between groups except that the poststroke drivers demonstrated less variability in driver headway. The application of these results as a prescreening toolbox for poststroke drivers is discussed.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 178.
    Blomberg, Oscar
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    Svedin, Frida
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    Brantnell, Anders
    Uppsala universitet, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Tekniska sektionen, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, Industriell teknik. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    Farrand, Paul
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    von Essen, Louise
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap. Uppsala universitet, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för psykologi. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    Åberg, Anna Cristina
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Geriatrik. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    Woodford, Joanne
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    Development of a self-help behavioural activation intervention INVOLVERA for people with dementia: A qualitative study2023Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 179.
    Blomberg, Oscar
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    Svedin, Frida
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    Åberg, Anna Cristina
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Geriatrik. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    Woodford, Joanne
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, Hälsovetenskap och e-hälsa.
    Guided low-intensity behavioural activation intervention delivery preferences among people with dementia, informal caregivers, and professional stakeholders: a qualitative study (the INVOLVERA Study)2023Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 180.
    Bogl, Leonie H.
    et al.
    Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, Finland and University of Helsinki, Finland.
    Dahl Aslan, Anna K.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Institutet för gerontologi. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping). Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Kaprio, Jaakko
    Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, Finland and University of Helsinki, Finland.
    Does the sex of one’s co-twin affect height and BMI in adulthood?: A study of dizygotic adult twins from 31 cohorts2017Inngår i: Biology of Sex Differences, ISSN 2042-6410, Vol. 8, nr 1, artikkel-id 14Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The comparison of traits in twins from opposite-sex (OS) and same-sex (SS) dizygotic twin pairs is considered a proxy measure of prenatal hormone exposure. To examine possible prenatal hormonal influences on anthropometric traits, we compared mean height, body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of being overweight or obese between men and women from OS and SS dizygotic twin pairs.

    Methods: The data were derived from COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins) database, and included 68,494 SS and 53,808 OS dizygotic twin individuals above the age of 20 years from 31 twin cohorts representing 19 countries. Zygosity was determined by questionnaires or DNA genotyping depending on the study. Multiple regression and logistic regression models adjusted for cohort, age and birth year with the twin type as a predictor were carried out to compare height and BMI in twins from OS pairs with those from SS pairs and to calculate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for being overweight or obese.

    Results: OS females were, on average, 0.31 cm (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.20, 0.41) taller than SS females. OS males were also, on average, taller than SS males, but this difference was only 0.14 cm (95% CI: 0.02, 0.27). Mean BMI and the prevalence of overweight or obesity did not differ between males and females from SS and OS twin pairs. The statistically significant differences between OS and SS twins for height were small and appeared to reflect our large sample size rather than meaningful differences of public health relevance.

    Conclusions: We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that prenatal hormonal exposure or postnatal socialization (i.e., having grown up with a twin of the opposite sex) has a major impact on height and BMI in adulthood.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 181.
    Bogl, Leonie H.
    et al.
    Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Finland ; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.
    Dahl Aslan, Anna K.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ; Institute of Gerontology and Aging Research Network–Jönköping (ARN-J), School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Sweden.
    Kaprio, Jaakko
    Institute for Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Finland ; Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.
    Does the sex of one’s co-twin affect height and BMI in adulthood?: A study of dizygotic adult twins from 31 cohorts2017Inngår i: Biology of Sex Differences, ISSN 2042-6410, Vol. 8, nr 1, artikkel-id 14Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The comparison of traits in twins from opposite-sex (OS) and same-sex (SS) dizygotic twin pairs is considered a proxy measure of prenatal hormone exposure. To examine possible prenatal hormonal influences on anthropometric traits, we compared mean height, body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of being overweight or obese between men and women from OS and SS dizygotic twin pairs.

    Methods: The data were derived from COllaborative project of Development of Anthropometrical measures in Twins (CODATwins) database, and included 68,494 SS and 53,808 OS dizygotic twin individuals above the age of 20 years from 31 twin cohorts representing 19 countries. Zygosity was determined by questionnaires or DNA genotyping depending on the study. Multiple regression and logistic regression models adjusted for cohort, age and birth year with the twin type as a predictor were carried out to compare height and BMI in twins from OS pairs with those from SS pairs and to calculate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for being overweight or obese.

    Results: OS females were, on average, 0.31 cm (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.20, 0.41) taller than SS females. OS males were also, on average, taller than SS males, but this difference was only 0.14 cm (95% CI: 0.02, 0.27). Mean BMI and the prevalence of overweight or obesity did not differ between males and females from SS and OS twin pairs. The statistically significant differences between OS and SS twins for height were small and appeared to reflect our large sample size rather than meaningful differences of public health relevance.

    Conclusions: We found no evidence to support the hypothesis that prenatal hormonal exposure or postnatal socialization (i.e., having grown up with a twin of the opposite sex) has a major impact on height and BMI in adulthood.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 182. Bogo, Renata
    et al.
    Farah, Ahmed
    Johnson, Ann-Christin
    Karlsson, Kjell K.
    Pedersen, Nancy L.
    Svartengren, Magnus
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, Arbets- och miljömedicin.
    Skjonsberg, Asa
    The Role of Genetic Factors for Hearing Deterioration Across 20 Years: A Twin Study2015Inngår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, ISSN 1079-5006, E-ISSN 1758-535X, Vol. 70, nr 5, s. 647-653Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Hearing deterioration at advanced ages is associated with environmental exposures (eg, to noise and solvents) and genetic influences may also be important. Little is known about the role of genetic influences on hearing when evaluated longitudinally. We sought to investigate longitudinal hearing loss in a cohort of adult male twins to evaluate the importance of genetic and environmental factors for hearing deterioration over time. Methods. Hearing using conventional clinical audiometry was assessed in 583 male twins (128 monozygotic twin pairs and 111 dizygotic twin pairs) aged 34-79 at baseline and again two decades later. The hearing thresholds at two time points were compared at each frequency and in two different frequency regions. Genetic analyses were based on structural equation models. Bivariate Cholesky decomposition was used for longitudinal analysis. Results. The prevalence of hearing loss increased over time in better and worse ear. The hearing threshold shift was more pronounced in the high-frequency region, especially at 8000 Hz. Genetic influences were moderate (heritability: 53%-65%) for pure-tone averages at both lower and higher frequencies, and were of equal magnitude at baseline and follow-up. In contrast, environmental influences were of substantial importance (55%-88%) for rate of change of the hearing threshold over the 18-year period. Conclusions. Genetic factors are of considerable importance for level of hearing acuity, but environmental factors are more important for rate of change over an 18-year period.

  • 183.
    Bokenberger, Kathleen
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Pedersen, Nancy
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Gatz, Margaret
    University of Southern California.
    Dahl, Anna
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. Åldrande - livsvillkor och hälsa. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Institutet för gerontologi.
    The Type A behavior pattern and cardiovascular disease as predictors of dementia2014Inngår i: Health Psychology, ISSN 0278-6133, E-ISSN 1930-7810, Vol. 33, nr 12, s. 1593-1601Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Research has suggested that greater psychophysiological reactivity to stress increases risk of dementia and that those with the Type A behavior pattern (TABP) are predisposed to elevated stress reactivity and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but no study has evaluated the associations among TABP, CVD, and dementia, prospectively. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate dementia risk in relation to TABP and CVD.

    Methods: A population-based cohort of 1,069 persons with a baseline mean age of 64.81 years from the Swedish Twin Registry was followed consecutively for up to 23 years. Based on self-reported items, TABP was measured using 6 scales: Ambition, Stress, Hard-driving, Neuroticism, Cynicism, and Paranoia. CVD was self-reported and dementia was diagnosed adhering to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, third edition, revised (DSM-III-R) or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) criteria.

    Results: TABP was generally not associated with dementia risk. However, significant interaction effects of stress, paranoia, and cynicism with CVD on dementia risk were observed. That is, for those with CVD, high scores on stress, paranoia, and cynicism were associated with increased risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.95-2.15; HR = 1.39, 95% CI = 0.83-2.33; HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.76-2.06, respectively), whereas for those who did not have CVD, high scores on these measures appeared to be protective (HR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.50-1.14; HR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.34-0.89; HR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.29-0.84, respectively).

    Conclusion: Some features of TABP confer an increased risk for dementia in those with CVD, whereas those without CVD are protected. When evaluating the risk of dementia, CVD and personality traits should be taken into consideration.

  • 184.
    Bokenberger, Kathleen
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Ström, Peter
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Aslan, Anna K. Dahl
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Institutet för gerontologi. Karolinska Institutet.
    Johansson, Anna
    Karolinska Institutet.
    Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
    Stockholms universitet.
    Pedersen, Nancy L.
    Karolinska Institutet.
    The effect of shift work on cognitive aging across the late adult life course2015Inngår i: The Gerontologist, ISSN 0016-9013, E-ISSN 1758-5341, Vol. 55, artikkel-id 360Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 185.
    Bokenberger, Kathleen
    et al.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ström, Peter
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dahl Aslan, Anna K.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Institutet för gerontologi. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping). Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Johansson, Anna L. V.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Gatz, Margaret
    Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA, USA.
    Pedersen, Nancy L.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
    Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Association between sleep characteristics and incident dementia accounting for baseline cognitive status: A prospective population-based study2017Inngår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, ISSN 1079-5006, E-ISSN 1758-535X, Vol. 72, nr 1, s. 134-139Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: While research has shown that sleep disorders are prevalent among people with dementia, the temporal relationship is unclear. We investigated whether atypical sleep characteristics were associated with incident dementia while accounting for baseline cognitive functioning.

    Methods: Screening Across the Lifespan Twin Study (SALT) participants were 11,247 individuals from the Swedish Twin Registry who were at least 65 years at baseline (1998-2002). Sleep and baseline cognitive functioning were assessed via the SALT telephone screening interview. Data on dementia diagnoses came from national health registers. Cox regression was performed to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for dementia.

    Results: After 17 years of follow-up, 1,850 dementia cases were identified. Short (≤ 6 hours) and extended (> 9 hours) time-in-bed (TIB) compared to the middle reference group (HR=1.40, 95% CI=1.06-1.85, HR=1.11, 95% CI=1.00-1.24, respectively) and rising at 8:00AM or later compared to earlier rising (HR=1.12, 95% CI=1.01-1.24) were associated with higher dementia incidence. Bedtime, sleep quality, restorative sleep, and heavy snoring were not significant predictors. Findings stratified by baseline cognitive status indicated that the association between short TIB and dementia remained in those cognitively intact at the start.

    Conclusions: Short and extended TIB as well as delayed rising among older adults predicted increased dementia incidence in the following 17 years. The pattern of findings suggests that extended TIB and late rising represent prodromal features whereas short TIB appeared to be a risk factor for dementia.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    Fulltext
  • 186. Bokenberger, Kathleen
    et al.
    Ström, Peter
    Dahl Aslan, Anna K.
    Johansson, Anna L. V.
    Gatz, Margaret
    Pedersen, Nancy L.
    Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Stressforskningsinstitutet. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Association Between Sleep Characteristics and Incident Dementia Accounting for Baseline Cognitive Status: A Prospective Population-Based Study2017Inngår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, ISSN 1079-5006, E-ISSN 1758-535X, Vol. 72, nr 1, s. 134-139Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Although research has shown that sleep disorders are prevalent among people with dementia, the temporal relationship is unclear. We investigated whether atypical sleep characteristics were associated with incident dementia while accounting for baseline cognitive functioning.

    METHODS: Screening Across the Lifespan Twin (SALT) study participants were 11,247 individuals from the Swedish Twin Registry who were at least 65 years at baseline (1998-2002). Sleep and baseline cognitive functioning were assessed via the SALT telephone screening interview. Data on dementia diagnoses came from national health registers. Cox regression was performed to estimate hazard ratios for dementia.

    RESULTS: After 17 years of follow-up, 1,850 dementia cases were identified. Short (≤6 hours) and extended (>9 hours) time in bed (TIB) compared to the middle reference group (hazard ratio = 1.40, 95% confidence interval = 1.06-1.85; hazard ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval = 1.00-1.24, respectively) and rising at 8:00 AM or later compared to earlier rising (hazard ratio = 1.12, 95% confidence interval = 1.01-1.24) were associated with higher dementia incidence. Bedtime, sleep quality, restorative sleep, and heavy snoring were not significant predictors. Findings stratified by baseline cognitive status indicated that the association between short TIB and dementia remained in those cognitively intact at the start.

    CONCLUSIONS: Short and extended TIB and delayed rising among older adults predicted increased dementia incidence in the following 17 years. The pattern of findings suggests that extended TIB and late rising represent prodromal features whereas short TIB appeared to be a risk factor for dementia.

  • 187.
    Bokenberger, Kathleen
    et al.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ström, Peter
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dahl Aslan, Anna K.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ; Institute of Gerontology, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Sweden.
    Johansson, Anna L. V.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Gatz, Margaret
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA, USA.
    Pedersen, Nancy L.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA, USA.
    Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
    Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden ; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Association between sleep characteristics and incident dementia accounting for baseline cognitive status: A prospective population-based study2017Inngår i: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, ISSN 1079-5006, E-ISSN 1758-535X, Vol. 72, nr 1, s. 134-139Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: While research has shown that sleep disorders are prevalent among people with dementia, the temporal relationship is unclear. We investigated whether atypical sleep characteristics were associated with incident dementia while accounting for baseline cognitive functioning.

    Methods: Screening Across the Lifespan Twin Study (SALT) participants were 11,247 individuals from the Swedish Twin Registry who were at least 65 years at baseline (1998-2002). Sleep and baseline cognitive functioning were assessed via the SALT telephone screening interview. Data on dementia diagnoses came from national health registers. Cox regression was performed to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for dementia.

    Results: After 17 years of follow-up, 1,850 dementia cases were identified. Short (≤ 6 hours) and extended (> 9 hours) time-in-bed (TIB) compared to the middle reference group (HR=1.40, 95% CI=1.06-1.85, HR=1.11, 95% CI=1.00-1.24, respectively) and rising at 8:00AM or later compared to earlier rising (HR=1.12, 95% CI=1.01-1.24) were associated with higher dementia incidence. Bedtime, sleep quality, restorative sleep, and heavy snoring were not significant predictors. Findings stratified by baseline cognitive status indicated that the association between short TIB and dementia remained in those cognitively intact at the start.

    Conclusions: Short and extended TIB as well as delayed rising among older adults predicted increased dementia incidence in the following 17 years. The pattern of findings suggests that extended TIB and late rising represent prodromal features whereas short TIB appeared to be a risk factor for dementia.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 188.
    Bokenberger, Kathleen
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Ström, Peter
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Dahl Aslan, Anna K.
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Institutet för gerontologi. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping). Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden and Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Pedersen, Nancy L.
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden and University of Southern California, USA.
    Shift work and cognitive aging: A longitudinal study2017Inngår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, ISSN 0355-3140, E-ISSN 1795-990X, Vol. 43, nr 5, s. 485-493Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives The few studies of shift work and late life cognitive functioning have yielded mixed findings. The aim of the present study is to estimate the association between shift-work experience and change in cognitive performance before and after retirement age among older adults who were gainfully employed.

    Methods Five hundred and ninety five participants with no dementia were followed up for a mean of 17.6 standard deviation (SD) 8.8 years from a Swedish population-based sample. Participants had self-reported information on any type of shift-work experience (ever/never) in 1984 and measures of cognitive performance (verbal, spatial, memory, processing speed, and general cognitive ability) from up to 9 waves of cognitive assessments during 1986–2012. Night work history (ever/never) from 1998–2002 was available from a subsample (N=320). Early adult cognitive test scores were available for 77 men.

    Results In latent growth curve modeling, there were no main effects of "any-type" or night shift work on the mean scores or rate of change in any of the cognitive domains. An interaction effect between any-type shift work and education on cognitive performance at retirement was noted. Lower-educated shift workers performed better on cognitive tests than lower-educated day workers at retirement. Sensitivity analyses, however, indicated that the interactions appeared to be driven by selection effects. Lower-educated day workers demonstrated poorer cognitive ability in early adulthood than lower-educated shift workers, who may have selected jobs entailing higher cognitive demand.

    Conclusion There was no difference in late-life cognitive aging between individuals with a history of working shifts compared to those who had typical day work schedules during midlife.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 189.
    Bokenberger, Kathleen
    et al.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ström, Peter
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dahl Aslan, Anna K.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ; Institute of Gerontology, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Sweden.
    Åkerstedt, Torbjörn
    Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Sweden ; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pedersen, Nancy L.
    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ; Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles CA, USA.
    Shift work and cognitive aging: A longitudinal study2017Inngår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, ISSN 0355-3140, E-ISSN 1795-990X, Vol. 43, nr 5, s. 485-493Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives The few studies of shift work and late life cognitive functioning have yielded mixed findings. The aim of the present study is to estimate the association between shift-work experience and change in cognitive performance before and after retirement age among older adults who were gainfully employed.

    Methods Five hundred and ninety five participants with no dementia were followed up for a mean of 17.6 standard deviation (SD) 8.8 years from a Swedish population-based sample. Participants had self-reported information on any type of shift-work experience (ever/never) in 1984 and measures of cognitive performance (verbal, spatial, memory, processing speed, and general cognitive ability) from up to 9 waves of cognitive assessments during 1986–2012. Night work history (ever/never) from 1998–2002 was available from a subsample (N=320). Early adult cognitive test scores were available for 77 men.

    Results In latent growth curve modeling, there were no main effects of "any-type" or night shift work on the mean scores or rate of change in any of the cognitive domains. An interaction effect between any-type shift work and education on cognitive performance at retirement was noted. Lower-educated shift workers performed better on cognitive tests than lower-educated day workers at retirement. Sensitivity analyses, however, indicated that the interactions appeared to be driven by selection effects. Lower-educated day workers demonstrated poorer cognitive ability in early adulthood than lower-educated shift workers, who may have selected jobs entailing higher cognitive demand.

    Conclusion There was no difference in late-life cognitive aging between individuals with a history of working shifts compared to those who had typical day work schedules during midlife.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 190.
    Bolic Baric, Vedrana
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Andreassen, Maria
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Öhman, Annika
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Hemmingsson, Helena
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och välfärdsstudier, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Stockholm Univ, Sweden.
    Using an interactive digital calendar with mobile phone reminders by senior people - a focus group study2019Inngår i: BMC Geriatrics, ISSN 1471-2318, E-ISSN 1471-2318, Vol. 19, artikkel-id 116Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundNew technologies such as mobile/smartphones have the potential to help senior people perform everyday activities. However, senior people may find it difficult using mobile/smartphones, especially the digital calendar and short text message features. Therefore, senior people might need user-friendly, flexible, and interactive digital calendars that provide them with active reminders about their everyday activities. This study focuses on community dwelling seniors experiences learning and using RemindMe, an interactive digital calendar with active reminders, as part of customizing an intervention appropriate for senior people with cognitive impairments.MethodsFour focus groups were conducted with 20 community dwelling seniors (11 men and 9 women) who all had used RemindMe for six weeks. The focus groups were tape recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed using content analysis.ResultsFor participants in this study, using a calendar was an essential part of their everyday lives, but only a few had experiences using a digital calendar. Although the participants described RemindMe as easy to use, they had a difficult time incorporating RemindMe into their daily routines. In part, these difficulties were the result of the participants needing to change their mobile/smartphone routines. Some participants felt that using an interactive digital calendar was a sign of modernity allowing them to take part in the society at large, but others felt that their inability to use the technology was due to their age, dependence, and loss of function. Participants found that receiving active reminders through short text messages followed by actively acknowledging the reminder helped them perform more everyday life activities. This feature gave them a higher sense of independence and control.ConclusionsCommunity dwelling seniors found that RemindMe was easy to learn and to use, although they also found it challenging to integrate into their everyday lives. For senior people to make the effort to develop new routines for mobile/smartphone use, a prerequisite for using a digital calendar, they need to be motivated and believe that the technology will make their lives better.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 191.
    Bolstad, Courtney J.
    et al.
    Mississippi State Univ, MS USA; South Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, TX 78229 USA.
    Holzinger, Brigitte
    Inst Consciousness & Dream Res, Austria; Med Univ Vienna, Austria.
    Scarpelli, Serena
    Univ Rome, Italy.
    De Gennaro, Luigi
    Univ Rome, Italy; IRCCS Fdn Santa Lucia, Italy.
    Yordanova, Juliana
    Bulgarian Acad Sci, Bulgaria.
    Koumanova, Silvia
    Bulgarian Acad Sci, Bulgaria.
    Mota-Rolim, Sergio
    Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
    Benedict, Christian
    Uppsala Univ, Sweden.
    Bjorvatn, Bjorn
    Univ Bergen, Norway; Haukeland Hosp, Norway.
    Chan, Ngan Yin
    Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
    Chung, Frances
    Univ Toronto, Canada.
    Dauvilliers, Yves
    Univ Montpellier, France.
    Espie, Colin A.
    Univ Oxford, England; Univ Oxford, England.
    Inoue, Yuichi
    Tokyo Med Univ, Japan.
    Korman, Maria
    Ariel Univ, Israel.
    Koscec Bjelajac, Adrijana
    Inst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Croatia.
    Landtblom, Anne-Marie
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Avdelningen för neurobiologi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Uppsala Univ, Sweden.
    Matsui, Kentaro
    Natl Ctr Hosp, Japan.
    Merikanto, Ilona
    Univ Helsinki, Finland; Orton Orthopaed Hosp, Finland.
    Morin, Charles M.
    Laval Univ, Canada; Ctr Rech CERVO, Canada.
    Partinen, Markku
    Terveystalo Healthcare, Finland; Univ Helsinki, Finland.
    Penzel, Thomas
    Charite Univ Med Berlin, Germany.
    Plazzi, Giuseppe
    Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Italy; IRCCS Ist Sci Neurol Bologna, Italy.
    Reis, Catia
    Univ Catolica Portuguesa, Portugal; Univ Lisbon, Portugal.
    Ross, Biserka
    Inst Med Res & Occupat Hlth, Croatia.
    Wing, Yun Kwok
    Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
    Nadorff, Michael R.
    Mississippi State Univ, MS USA; Baylor Coll Med, TX USA.
    Nightmare frequency is a risk factor for suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic2024Inngår i: Journal of Sleep Research, ISSN 0962-1105, E-ISSN 1365-2869Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The association between nightmare frequency (NMF) and suicidal ideation (SI) is well known, yet the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this relation is inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate changes in NMF, SI, and their association during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected in 16 countries using a harmonised questionnaire. The sample included 9328 individuals (4848 women; age M[SD] = 46.85 [17.75] years), and 17.60% reported previous COVID-19. Overall, SI was significantly 2% lower during the pandemic vs. before, and this was consistent across genders and ages. Most countries/regions demonstrated decreases in SI during this pandemic, with Austria (-9.57%), Sweden (-6.18%), and Bulgaria (-5.14%) exhibiting significant declines in SI, but Italy (1.45%) and Portugal (2.45%) demonstrated non-significant increases. Suicidal ideation was more common in participants with long-COVID (21.10%) vs. short-COVID (12.40%), though SI did not vary by COVID-19 history. Nightmare frequency increased by 4.50% during the pandemic and was significantly higher in those with previous COVID-19 (14.50% vs. 10.70%), during infection (23.00% vs. 8.10%), and in those with long-COVID (18.00% vs. 8.50%). The relation between NMF and SI was not significantly stronger during the pandemic than prior (rs = 0.18 vs. 0.14; z = 2.80). Frequent nightmares during the pandemic increased the likelihood of reporting SI (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.20-2.05), while frequent dream recall during the pandemic served a protective effect (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.94). These findings have important implications for identifying those at risk of suicide and may offer a potential pathway for suicide prevention.

  • 192.
    Boman, I.-L.
    et al.
    Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Rosenberg, Lena
    Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Lundberg, S.
    Royal Institute of Technology, School of Technology and Health, Handen, Sweden.
    Nygård, L.
    Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Huddinge, Sweden.
    First steps in designing a videophone for people with dementia: identification of users' potentials and the requirements of communication technology.2012Inngår i: Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, ISSN 1748-3107, E-ISSN 1748-3115, Vol. 7, nr 5, s. 356-63Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: To identify, based on the literature, people with dementia's potentials to manage an easy-to-use videophone, and to develop a videophone requirement specification for people with dementia.

    METHOD: The study is based on the Inclusive Design method, utilising the first two of four phases. Content analyses of literature reviews were used to identify users' potentials for managing a videophone and to gather recommendations regarding communication technology design for the target group. Existing videophones in Sweden were examined regarding potential fit to users with dementia.

    FINDINGS: This led to detailed identification of cognitive, physical and psychosocial challenges that people with dementia will probably have when using an ordinary telephone or videophone. A requirement specification for videophone design to fit users with dementia was formulated, with the seven principles of Universal Design as a framework.

    CONCLUSIONS: The requirement specification presented here is aimed at designing a videophone but might also facilitate design of other products for people with dementia, particularly in the field of communication technology. Based on this, further work will focus on developing a design concept and a prototype to be empirically tested by people with dementia and their significant others, i.e. the final two design process phases.

  • 193.
    Boman, Inga-Lill
    et al.
    Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Nygård, Louise
    Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Rosenberg, Lena
    Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Users' and professionals' contributions in the process of designing an easy-to-use videophone for people with dementia2014Inngår i: Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, ISSN 1748-3107, E-ISSN 1748-3115, Vol. 9, nr 2, s. 164-172Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: To develop a design concept for an easy-to-use videophone for people with dementia and to evaluate the design and need of such a product.

    Method: In this project, we have used an inclusive design approach that includes the target users in the design process. In an earlier study, the need of a videophone was examined and a requirement specification was developed. In this study, a preliminary design concept was developed. Five focus groups of people with dementia, significant others and occupational therapists working with people with dementia were formed to capture their experiences, expectations and thoughts concerning the videophone and the design concept. Data were analysed using a grounded theory approach.

    Findings: The participants pointed out that the design of the videophone should be flexible in order to meet the needs of people with dementia, be easy-to-use and not look like assistive technology. In order to facilitate learning, the videophone should be introduced in an early stage of the disease.

    Conclusions: A videophone has potentials to enable videophone calls without assistance, add quality in communication and provide possibilities for monitoring. Further work will focus on developing a prototype to be empirically tested by people with dementia and significant others.

    Implications for Rehabilitation

    • An easy-to-use videophone was viewed as an important device that could support people with dementia in making videophone calls without assistance. It was also viewed as a product that significant others could use for monitoring the person with dementia, for example to judge the well-being of the person. But monitoring should be used with caution and not without the consent of the person with dementia.
    • It was viewed as important that the videophone be introduced in an early stage of the disease in order to facilitate learning, so that the person can get used to the new way of making telephone calls and incorporate the new habit in his/her routines.
    • In order to motivate people with dementia to start using a videophone, it was recommended that the videophone should be introduced as a product which is a pleasure to use, and not as a compensation for impairment or to solve a problem.
  • 194.
    Bonander, Carl
    et al.
    Univ Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Nilsson, Anton
    Lund Univ, Sweden; Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Bjork, Jonas
    Lund Univ, Sweden; Skane Univ Hosp, Sweden.
    Blomberg, Anders
    Umea Univ, Sweden.
    Engstrom, Gunnar
    Lund Univ, Sweden.
    Jernberg, Tomas
    Danderyd Hosp, Sweden.
    Sundstrom, Johan
    Uppsala Univ, Sweden; Univ New South Wales, Australia.
    Östgren, Carl Johan
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, Avdelningen för prevention, rehabilitering och nära vård. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Primärvårdscentrum, Vårdcentralen Ekholmen.
    Bergstrom, Goran
    Univ Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Sweden.
    Stromberg, Ulf
    Reg Halland, Sweden.
    The value of combining individual and small area sociodemographic data for assessing and handling selective participation in cohort studies: Evidence from the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study2022Inngår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 17, nr 3, artikkel-id e0265088Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives To study the value of combining individual- and neighborhood-level sociodemographic data to predict study participation and assess the effects of baseline selection on the distribution of metabolic risk factors and lifestyle factors in the Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Methods We linked sociodemographic register data to SCAPIS participants (n = 30,154, ages: 50-64 years) and a random sample of the studys target population (n = 59,909). We assessed the classification ability of participation models based on individual-level data, neighborhood-level data, and combinations of both. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were used to examine how reweighting the sample to match the population affected the averages of 32 cardiopulmonary risk factors at baseline. Absolute SMDs > 0.10 were considered meaningful. Results Combining both individual-level and neighborhood-level data gave rise to a model with better classification ability (AUC: 71.3%) than models with only individual-level (AUC: 66.9%) or neighborhood-level data (AUC: 65.5%). We observed a greater change in the distribution of risk factors when we reweighted the participants using both individual and area data. The only meaningful change was related to the (self-reported) frequency of alcohol consumption, which appears to be higher in the SCAPIS sample than in the population. The remaining risk factors did not change meaningfully. Conclusions Both individual- and neighborhood-level characteristics are informative in assessing study selection effects. Future analyses of cardiopulmonary outcomes in the SCAPIS cohort can benefit from our study, though the average impact of selection on risk factor distributions at baseline appears small.

  • 195.
    Bosaeus, Ingvar
    et al.
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital.
    Wilcox, Gisela
    Monash University.
    Rothenberg, Elisabet
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital.
    Strauss, Boyd J
    Monash University.
    Skeletal muscle mass in hospitalized elderly patients: comparison of measurements by single-frequency BIA and DXA2014Inngår i: Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0261-5614, E-ISSN 1532-1983, Vol. 33, nr 3, s. 426-431Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND & AIMS: There is increasing interest in estimating skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in clinical practice. We aimed to validate a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) prediction equation for SMM, developed in a different healthy elderly population, in a population of hospital patients aged 70 and over, by comparison with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) SMM estimates. Comparison was also made with two other previously published BIA muscle prediction equations.

    METHODS: Muscle measurements by BIA and DXA were compared in 117 patients with a range of clinical conditions (45 female, 72 male, mean age 75 years).

    RESULTS: The BIA equation used yielded an accurate estimate of DXA-derived SMM. Mean (SD) difference was 0.26(1.79) kg (ns). The two other BIA equations over-estimated SMM compared to DXA (both p < 0.001), but all equations were highly correlated.

    CONCLUSIONS: The BIA equation used, developed in a different healthy elderly population, gave an accurate estimate of DXA-derived SMM in a population with various clinical disorders. BIA appears potentially capable to estimate SMM in clinical disorders, but the optimal approach to its use for this purpose requires further investigation.

  • 196. Bosnes, Ingunn
    et al.
    Nordahl, Hans Morten
    Stordal, Eystein
    Bosnes, Ole
    Myklebust, Tor Åge
    Almkvist, Ove
    Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Psykologiska institutionen, Biologisk psykologi. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Lifestyle predictors of successful aging: A 20-year prospective HUNT study2019Inngår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 14, nr 7, artikkel-id e0219200Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Lifestyle factors predicting successful aging as a unified concept or as separate components of successful aging are important for understanding healthy aging, interventions and preventions. The main objective was to investigate the effect of midlife predictors on subsequent successful aging 20 years later. Materials and methods Data were from a population-based health survey, the Nord-Trondelag Health Study (HUNT), with an average follow-up of 22.6 years. Individuals free of major disease at baseline in 1984-86 with complete datasets for the successful aging components in HUNT3 in 2006-08, were included (n = 4497; mean age at baseline 52.7, range 45-59, years). Successful aging was defined either as a unified category or as three components: being free of nine specified diseases and depression, having no physical or cognitive impairment, and being actively engaged with life. The midlife predictors (smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, obesity and social support) were analysed both as separate predictors and combined into a lifestyle index controlling for sociodemographic variables, using multivariable regression analysis. Results Successful aging as a unified concept was related to all the lifestyle factors in the unadjusted analyses, and all except alcohol consumption in the adjusted analyses. The individual components of successful aging were differently associated with the lifestyle factors; engagement with life was less associated with the lifestyle factors. Non-smoking and good social support were the most powerful predictors for successful aging as a unified concept. When the lifestyle factors were summed into a lifestyle index, there was a trend for more positive lifestyle to be related to higher odds for successful aging. Conclusions Lifestyle factors predicted an overall measure of SA, as well as the individual components, more than 20 years later. Modifiable risk factors in midlife, exemplified by social support, may be used for interventions to promote overall health and specific aspects of health in aging.

  • 197.
    Boström, Anita
    et al.
    Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, Karlstads universitet.
    Lindmark, Ulrika
    Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Avd. för naturvetenskap och biomedicin. Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. Centrum för oral hälsa. Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ADULT. Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping).
    Ludvigsson, Mikael
    Linköpings universitet.
    Saveman, Britt-Inger
    Institutionen för omvårdnad, Umeå universitet.
    Simmons, Johanna
    Medicinska och geriatriska akutkliniken, Universitetssjukhuset i Linköping.
    Siverskog, Anna
    Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Avd. för socialt arbete. Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. SALVE (Socialt arbete, Livssammanhang, Välfärd). Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ARN-J (Aging Research Network - Jönköping).
    Åkerlund, Nina
    Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Avd. för socialt arbete. Jönköping University, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. SALVE (Socialt arbete, Livssammanhang, Välfärd).
    Förekomsten av våld i nära relationer bland äldre personer2022Inngår i: Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer: Interprofessionella perspektiv / [ed] L. Östlund, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2022, s. 31-64Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 198.
    Boström, Anita
    et al.
    Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, Karlstads universitet, Sverige.
    Lindmark, Ulrika
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avd. för naturvetenskap och biomedicin, Sverige.
    Ludvigsson, Mikael
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för biomedicinska och kliniska vetenskaper, Centrum för social och affektiv neurovetenskap. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Psykiatricentrum, Psykiatriska kliniken i Linköping. Region Östergötland, Närsjukvården i centrala Östergötland, Medicinska och geriatriska akutkliniken. Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, Avdelningen för prevention, rehabilitering och nära vård.
    Saveman, Britt-Inger
    Institutionen för omvårdnad, Umeå universitet, Sverige.
    Simmons, Johanna
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, Avdelningen för prevention, rehabilitering och nära vård. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Närsjukvården i centrala Östergötland, Medicinska och geriatriska akutkliniken.
    Siverskog, Anna
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avd. för socialt arbete, Sverige.
    Åkerlund, Nina
    Jönköping University, HHJ, Avd. för socialt arbete, Sverige.
    Förekomsten av våld i nära relationer bland äldre personer2022Inngår i: Äldre personers utsatthet för våld i nära relationer: Interprofessionella perspektiv / [ed] Lena Östlund, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB , 2022, s. 31-64Kapittel i bok, del av antologi (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 199.
    Boström, Martina
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. Åldrande - livsvillkor och hälsa.
    Trygghet - på vems villkor? Uppfattningar om och erfarenheter av trygghet hos äldre personer med behov av omsorg2014Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med avhandlingen var att bidra till ökad förståelse av hur äldre personer med skiftande omsorgsbehov uppfattade och erfor trygghet, i ordinärt och särskilt boende.

    Avhandlingens två första studier baserades på material från fokusgruppintervjuer med totalt 45 äldre personer boende i seniorboende. Intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys (I, II). Den tredje studien bestod av en sekundäranalys av en brukarenkät till 350 äldre personer i ordinärt boende med hemtjänst och 145 äldre personer i särskilt boende. Materialet bearbetades med deskriptiv och analytisk statistik (III). I den fjärde studien följdes tre äldre personer, genom djupintervjuer och observationer under 12-16 veckor, vid flytt till särskilt boende och den första tiden på särskilt boende. Även detta material analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys (IV).

    Avhandlingens resultat visar bland annat att de trygghetslarm som de äldre hade erfarenhet av uppfattades som begränsande då larmets korta räckvidd gav orsak till minskad frihet, otrygghet, oro och rädsla (I). Övervakningsteknik, där den äldres person och position övervakas i större omfattning, ansågs inte som något problem att använda när omsorgsinsatserna ökade, så länge detta medförde ökad trygghet (II). Upplevd hälsa, relationstrygghet samt kunskap och kontroll var faktorer som var positivt relaterade till hur äldre personer med äldreomsorg uppfattade och erfor trygghet i vardagen, både i ordinärt och i särskilt boende (III). Flytt till särskilt boende som innebar att stegvis överlämna sitt livoch sin kontroll till omsorgspersonalen, ledde till en känsla av ökad säkerhet för de äldre personerna men inte nödvändigtvis till känsla av trygghet (IV).

    Resultatet tolkades i förhållande till Antonovskys salutogena teori där de tre koncepten meningsfullhet, hanterbarhet och begriplighet, tillsammans utgör grunden för känsla av sammanhang (KASAM).

    Sammanfattningsvis uppfattade och erfor äldre personer trygghet som så meningsfull att de kunde tänka sig att ge avkall på en del av sin frihet, integritet, självständighet och självbevarande för att uppnå den. De äldre personerna beskrev att resurser som personal och trygghetslarm stärkte tryggheten, men att hanterbarheten av dessa resurser kan stärkas ytterligare, i både ordinärt boende och särskilt boende. Resultaten visaratt äldre personers begriplighet av vardagen relaterar positivt till uppfattningar och erfarenheter av trygghet. Äldre personer saknar dock begriplighet avseende exempelvis trygghetslarm och nya rutiner, vilket får negativ inverkan på deras trygghet. Äldre personer bör ges större utrymme att själva beskriva trygghet utifrån sina unika villkor. För att stärka trygghet på äldre personers villkor, oavsett deras omsorgsbehov, bör således hanterbarheten, men framförallt begripligheten, stärkas.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 200.
    Bouillon, Kim
    et al.
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
    Kivimäki, Mika
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
    Hamer, Mark
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
    Sabia, Severine
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
    Fransson, Eleonor
    Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ, Avd. för naturvetenskap och biomedicin. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. Åldrande - livsvillkor och hälsa. Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, HHJ. ADULT.
    Singh-Manoux, Archana
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
    Gale, Catharine R.
    MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
    Batty, G. David
    Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
    Measures of frailty in population-based studies: An overview2013Inngår i: BMC Geriatrics, ISSN 1471-2318, E-ISSN 1471-2318, Vol. 13, nr 64Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Although research productivity in the field of frailty has risen exponentially in recent years, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the measurement of this syndrome. This overview offers three services: first, we provide a comprehensive catalogue of current frailty measures; second, we evaluate their reliability and validity; third, we report on their popularity of use.

    Methods: In order to identify relevant publications, we searched MEDLINE (from its inception in 1948 to May 2011); scrutinized the reference sections of the retrieved articles; and consulted our own files. An indicator of the frequency of use of each frailty instrument was based on the number of times it had been utilized by investigators other than the originators.

    Results: Of the initially retrieved 2,166 papers, 27 original articles described separate frailty scales. The number (range: 1 to 38) and type of items (range of domains: physical functioning, disability, disease, sensory impairment, cognition, nutrition, mood, and social support) included in the frailty instruments varied widely. Reliability and validity had been examined in only 26% (7/27) of the instruments. The predictive validity of these scales for mortality varied: for instance, hazard ratios/odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for mortality risk for frail relative to non-frail people ranged from 1.21 (0.78; 1.87) to 6.03 (3.00; 12.08) for the Phenotype of Frailty and 1.57 (1.41; 1.74) to 10.53 (7.06; 15.70) for the Frailty Index. Among the 150 papers which we found to have used at least one of the 27 frailty instruments, 69% (n = 104) reported on the Phenotype of Frailty, 12% (n = 18) on the Frailty Index, and 19% (n = 28) on one of the remaining 25 instruments.

    Conclusions: Although there are numerous frailty scales currently in use, reliability and validity have rarely been examined. The most evaluated and frequently used measure is the Phenotype of Frailty.

1234567 151 - 200 of 1688
RefereraExporteraLink til resultatlisten
Permanent link
Referera
Referensformat
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Annet format
Fler format
Språk
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Annet språk
Fler språk
Utmatningsformat
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf