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  • 101.
    Bergh, Cecilia
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Life-course influences on occurrence and outcome for stroke and coronary heart disease2017Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Although typical clinical onset does not occur until adulthood, cardiovascular disease (CVD) may have a long natural history with accumulation of risks beginning in early life and continuing through childhood and into adolescence and adulthood. Therefore, it is important to adopt a life-course approach to explore accumulation of risks, as well as identifying age-defined windows of susceptibility, from early life to disease onset. This thesis examines characteristics in adolescence and adulthood linked with subsequent risk of CVD. One area is concerned with physical and psychological characteristics in adolescence, which reflects inherited and acquired elements from childhood, and their association with occurrence and outcome of subsequent stroke and coronary heart disease many years later. The second area focuses on severe infections and subsequent delayed risk of CVD. Data from several Swedish registers were used to provide information on a general population-based cohort of men. Some 284 198 males, born in Sweden from 1952 to 1956 and included in the Swedish Military Conscription Register, form the basis of the study cohort for this thesis. Our results indicate that characteristics already present in adolescence may have an important role in determining long-term cardiovascular health. Stress resilience in adolescence was associated with an increased risk of stroke and CHD, working in part through other CVD factors, in particular physical fitness. Stress resilience, unhealthy BMI and elevated blood pressure in adolescence were also associated with aspects of stroke severity among survivors of a first stroke. We demonstrated an association for severe infections (hospital admission for sepsis and pneumonia) in adulthood with subsequent delayed risk of CVD, independent of risk factors from adolescence. Persistent systemic inflammatory activity which could follow infection, and that might persist long after infections resolve, represents a possible mechanism. Interventions to protect against CVD should begin by adolescence; and there may be a period of heightened susceptibility in the years following severe infection when additional monitoring and interventions for CVD may be of value.

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  • 102.
    Bergh, Cecilia
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Fall, Katja
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Udumyan, Ruzan
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Sjöqvist, Hugo
    School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, sweden.
    Fröbert, Ole
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Department of Cardiology.
    Montgomery, Scott
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK .
    Severe infections and subsequent delayed cardiovascular disease: national cohort studyManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 103. Berghammer, Malin C.
    et al.
    Mattsson, Eva
    Johansson, Bengt
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Kardiologi.
    Moons, Philip
    Dellborg, Mikael
    Comparison of participants and non-participants in patient-reported outcome surveys: the case of Assessment of Patterns of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adults with Congenital Heart disease - International Study2017Inngår i: Cardiology in the Young, ISSN 1047-9511, E-ISSN 1467-1107, Vol. 27, nr 3, s. 427-434Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The last decade has seen a vast increase in the use of patient-reported outcomes. As patientreported outcomes are used in order to capture patients' perspectives of their health and illness, it is a prerequisite for accurate patient-reported outcome evaluations to use representative samples. In order to evaluate representativeness, the present study focussed on the comparison between participants and non-participants in the Swedish branch of the international study APPROACH-IS (Assessment of Patterns of Patient-Reported Outcomes in Adults with Congenital Heart disease - International Study), regarding demographic, clinical, and health status characteristics. Methods: Eligible patients for APPROACH-IS were identified and selected from SWEDCON, the Swedish registry for congenital heart disease (CHD). Overall, 912 eligible patients were identified, of whom 471 participated, 398 did not participate, and 43 were either unreachable or declined to participate in APPROACH-IS. The participants and nonparticipants were compared in terms of statistical significance and effect sizes. Results: Significant differences were observed between participants and non-participants for sex, age, primary diagnosis, number of cardiac operations, and fatigue; however, the effect sizes were in general small, except for the difference in primary diagnosis. No differences between the two groups were found in number of catheterisations, implanted device, the distribution of NYHA functional class, or health status and symptoms. Conclusions: This study shows that participants and non-participants are relatively comparable groups, which confirms the representativeness of the participants. The Swedish data from APPROACH-IS can therefore be reliably generalised to the population of adults with CHD in Sweden.

  • 104.
    Berglund, Annika
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet Stroke Research Network at Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; Section of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska Institutet, Center for Gender Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
    von Euler, Mia
    Karolinska Institutet Stroke Research Network at Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; Section of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden Karolinska Institutet, Center for Gender Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Schenck-Gustafsson, Karin
    Karolinska Institutet, Center for Gender Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Castrén, Maaret
    Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Bohm, Katarina
    Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; Section of Emergency Medicine, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Identification of stroke during the emergency call: a descriptive study of callers' presentation of stroke2015Inngår i: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 5, nr 4, artikkel-id e007661Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: To evaluate symptoms presented by the caller during emergency calls regarding stroke, and to assess if symptoms in the Face-Arm-Speech-Time Test (FAST) are related to identification of stroke.

    SETTING: Emergency calls to the Emergency Medical Communication Center (EMCC) concerning patients discharged with stroke diagnosis in a large teaching hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, in January-June 2011.

    PARTICIPANTS: The emergency calls of 179 patients who arrived at hospital by ambulance, and who were discharged with a stroke diagnosis and consented to participate were included in the study.

    OUTCOME MEASURES: Frequencies of stroke symptoms presented and a comparison of symptoms presented in calls with dispatch code stroke or other dispatch code.

    RESULTS: Of the 179 emergency calls analysed, 64% were dispatched as 'Stroke'. FAST symptoms, that is, facial or arm weakness or speech disturbances, were presented in 64% of the calls and were spontaneously revealed in 90%. Speech disturbance was the most common problem (54%) in all calls, followed by fall/lying position (38%) and altered mental status (27%). For patients with dispatch codes other than stroke, the dominating problem presented was a fall or being in a lying position (66%), followed by speech disturbance (31%) and altered mental status (25%). Stroke-specific symptoms were more common in patients dispatched as stroke. FAST symptoms were reported in 80% of patients dispatched as stroke compared with 35% in those dispatched as something else.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study implicates that fall/lying position and altered mental status could be considered as possible symptoms of stroke during an emergency call. Checking for FAST symptoms in these patients might uncover stroke symptoms. Future studies are needed to evaluate if actively asking for FAST symptoms in emergency calls presenting falls or a lying position can improve the identification of stroke.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: Stroke2010/703-31/2.

  • 105.
    Berglund, Britta
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Födoämnesöverkänslighet hos personer med Ehlers-Danlos syndrom: ett vanligt problem2015Inngår i: Vård i Norden, ISSN 0107-4083, E-ISSN 1890-4238, Vol. 35, nr 1Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a hereditary connective tissue disorder with generalized joint hypermobility, complications of instability, chronic musculoskeletal pain, a bleeding tendency, oral health problems and food hypersensitivity. A connection between hypermobility of joints and gastrointestinal problems is described. This study shows that indigestion is common in this group of 250 respondents from the Swedish EDS group. In total, 30% of the respondents reported no sensitivity to food at all, but 47% reported hypersensitivity for more than four food items. Most frequent reported food items were carbohydrates, histamine- and birch-related foods. Indigestion, itching and diarrhoea were most common problems related to food hypersensitivity.

  • 106.
    Berglund, Britta
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    The diagnostic gap -  an expert opinion: Editorial2014Inngår i: Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs, ISSN 2167-8707, Vol. 2, nr 11, s. 1131-1133Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Many individuals with rare diseases of different types experience gaps between symptoms, diagnosis and treatment when in need of care. This is known in patient groups but not always known in society. A common experience is that no one is knowledgeable about the rare disease so the patient must, at every visit to healthcare, describe the disease and its consequences, which is not easy if you are in need of care.

  • 107. Bergström, G
    et al.
    Berglund, G
    Blomberg, A
    Brandberg, J
    Engström, G
    Engvall, J
    Eriksson, M
    de Faire, U
    Flinck, A
    Hansson, Mats G
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Centrum för forsknings- och bioetik.
    Hedblad, B
    Hjelmgren, O
    Janson, Christer
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Jernberg, T
    Johnsson, Å
    Johansson, Lars
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Radiologi.
    Lind, Lars
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Uppsala kliniska forskningscentrum (UCR).
    Löfdahl, C-G
    Melander, O
    Östgren, C J
    Persson, A
    Persson, M
    Sandström, A
    Schmidt, C
    Söderberg, S
    Sundström, Johan
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Uppsala kliniska forskningscentrum (UCR).
    Toren, K
    Waldenström, A
    Wedel, H
    Vikgren, J
    Fagerberg, B
    Rosengren, A
    The Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study: objectives and design2015Inngår i: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 278, nr 6, s. 645-659Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Cardiopulmonary diseases are major causes of death worldwide, but currently recommended strategies for diagnosis and prevention may be outdated because of recent changes in risk factor patterns. The Swedish CArdioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) combines the use of new imaging technologies, advances in large-scale 'omics' and epidemiological analyses to extensively characterize a Swedish cohort of 30 000 men and women aged between 50 and 64 years. The information obtained will be used to improve risk prediction of cardiopulmonary diseases and optimize the ability to study disease mechanisms. A comprehensive pilot study in 1111 individuals, which was completed in 2012, demonstrated the feasibility and financial and ethical consequences of SCAPIS. Recruitment to the national, multicentre study has recently started.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
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  • 108.
    Bergström, Ida
    et al.
    Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Lundberg, Anna K.
    Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Jönsson, Simon
    Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Särndahl, Eva
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. IRiSC - Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre.
    Ernerudh, Jan
    Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Jonasson, Lena
    Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Annexin A1 in blood mononuclear cells from patients with coronary artery disease: Its association with inflammatory status and glucocorticoid sensitivity2017Inngår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 12, nr 3, artikkel-id e0174177Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a key player in resolution of inflammation and a mediator of glucocorticoid actions. In atherosclerotic tissue, increased expression of AnxA1 has been associated with protective plaque-stabilizing effects. Here, we investigated the expression of AnxA1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Blood was collected from 57 patients with stable CAD (SCAD) and 41 healthy controls. We also included a minor group (n = 10) with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). AnxA1 mRNA was measured in PBMCs. Expression of AnxA1 protein (total and surface-bound) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) were detected in PBMC subsets by flow cytometry. Also, salivary cortisol, interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-10 in plasma, and LPS-induced cytokine secretion from PBMCs, with or without dexamethasone, were assessed. AnxA1 mRNA was found to be slightly increased in PBMCs from SCAD patients compared with controls. However, protein expression of AnxA1 or GRs in PBMC subsets did not differ between SCAD patients and controls, despite SCAD patients showing a more proinflammatory cytokine profile ex vivo. Only surface expression of AnxA1 on monocytes correlated with dexamethasone-mediated suppression of cytokines. In ACS patients, a marked activation of AnxA1 was seen involving both gene expression and translocation of protein to cell surface probably reflecting a rapid glucocorticoid action modulating the acute inflammatory response in ACS. To conclude, surface expression of AnxA1 on monocytes may reflect the degree of glucocorticoid sensitivity. Speculatively, "normal" surface expression of AnxA1 indicates that anti-inflammatory capacity is impaired in SCAD patients.

  • 109.
    Bergthorsdottir, Ragnhildur
    et al.
    Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Esposito, Daniela
    Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Olsson, Daniel S.
    Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Ragnarsson, Oskar
    Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Dahlqvist, Per
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin.
    Bensing, Sophie
    Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Sollentuna, Sweden.
    Nåtman, Jonatan
    Centre of Registers Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Johannsson, Gudmundur
    Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Nyberg, Fredrik
    School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Increased risk of hospitalization, intensive care and death due to covid-19 in patients with adrenal insufficiency: a Swedish nationwide study2023Inngår i: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI) have excess morbidity and mortality related to infectious disorders. Whether patients with AI have increased morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 is unknown.

    Methods: In this linked Swedish national register-based cohort study, patients with primary and secondary AI diagnosis were identified and followed from 1 January 2020 to 28 February 2021. They were compared with a control cohort from the general population matched 10:1 for age and sex. The following COVID-19 outcomes were studied: incidence of COVID-19 infection, rates of hospitalization, intensive care admission and death. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) adjusted for socioeconomic factors and comorbidities were estimated using Cox regression analysis.

    Results: We identified 5430 patients with AI and 54,300 matched controls: There were 47.6% women, mean age was 57.1 (standard deviation 18.1) years, and the frequency of COVID-19 infection was similar, but the frequency of hospitalization (2.1% vs. 0.8%), intensive care (0.3% vs. 0.1%) and death (0.8% vs. 0.2%) for COVID-19 was higher in AI patients than matched controls. After adjustment for socioeconomic factors and comorbidities, the HR (95% CI) was increased for hospitalization (1.96, 1.59–2.43), intensive care admission (2.76, 1.49–5.09) and death (2.29, 1.60–3.28).

    Conclusion: Patients with AI have a similar incidence of COVID-19 infection to a matched control population, but a more than twofold increased risk of developing a severe infection or a fatal outcome. They should therefore be prioritized for vaccination, antiviral therapy and other appropriate treatment to mitigate hospitalization and death.

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  • 110. Berk, John L
    et al.
    Suhr, Ole B
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Sekijima, Yoshiki
    Yamashita, Taro
    Heneghan, Michael
    Zeldenrust, Steven R
    Ando, Yukio
    Ikeda, Shu-ichi
    Gorevic, Peter
    Merlini, Giampaolo
    Kelly, Jeffrey W
    Skinner, Martha
    Bisbee, Alice B
    Dyck, Peter J
    Obici, Laura
    The diflunisal trial: study accrual and drug tolerance2012Inngår i: Amyloid: Journal of Protein Folding Disorders, ISSN 1350-6129, E-ISSN 1744-2818, Vol. 19, nr S1, s. 37-38Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) is a protein folding disorder that induces neuropathy and cardiomyopathy, leading to death within 7-15 years after onset of clinical disease. In vitro, small ligands binding the thyroid hormone docking site stabilize tetrameric transthyretin, inhibiting amyloid fibril formation. We undertook a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to determine whether diflunisal, a well-known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) alters neurologic disease progression in FAP. We enrolled 130 subjects with wide age and FAP mutation representation. To date, few recognized complications of NSAIDs have occurred in the study cohort. Data collection will be completed by November 2012.

  • 111.
    Bernhardsson, Susanne
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för fysioterapi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Närhälsan Rehabilitation, Region Västra Götaland, Hönö, Sweden.
    Öberg, Birgitta
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för fysioterapi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Johansson, Kajsa
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för fysioterapi. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Nilsen, Per
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för samhällsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Larsson, Maria E. H.
    Närhälsan Research and Development Primary Health Care, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden; The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Clinical practice in line with evidence?: A survey among primary care physiotherapists in western Sweden2015Inngår i: Journal of Evaluation In Clinical Practice, ISSN 1356-1294, E-ISSN 1365-2753, Vol. 21, nr 6, s. 1169-1177Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Rationale, aims and objectives

    Evidence-based practice is becoming increasingly important in primary care physiotherapy. Clinical practice needs to reflect current best evidence and be concordant with evidence-based clinical guidelines. There is limited knowledge about therapeutic interventions used in primary care physiotherapy in Sweden. The objectives were to examine preferred treatment interventions reported by publicly employed physiotherapists in primary care for three common musculoskeletal disorders (low back pain, neck pain and subacromial pain), the extent to which these interventions were supported by evidence, and associations with demographic variables.

    Methods

    419 physiotherapists in primary care in western Sweden were surveyed using a validated web-based questionnaire.

    Results

    The survey was completed by 271 respondents (65%). Median number of interventions reported was 7 (range 1–16). The most common treatment interventions across the three conditions were advice on posture (reported by 82–94%), advice to stay active (86–92%), and different types of exercise (65–92%). Most of these interventions were supported by evidence. However, interventions with insufficient evidence, such as advice on posture, TENS and aquatic exercise, were also used by 29–96%. Modalities such as laser therapy and ultrasound were sparingly used (<5%), which is in line with evidence. For neck pain, use of evidence-based interventions was associated with gender and for subacromial pain, with work experience.

    Conclusions

    Advice and exercise therapy were the interventions most frequently reported across the three diagnoses, illustrating an active treatment strategy. While most reported interventions are supported by evidence, interventions with unclear or no evidence of effect were also used to a high extent.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
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  • 112. Bernstein, Michael H
    et al.
    Locher, Cosima
    Stewart-Ferrer, Sif
    Buergler, Sarah
    DesRoches, Catherine M
    Dossett, Michelle L
    Miller, Franklin G
    Grose, Deborah
    Blease, Charlotte
    General Medicine and Primary Care Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Ireland.
    Primary care providers’ use of and attitudes towards placebos: An exploratory focus group study with US physicians2020Inngår i: British Journal of Health Psychology, ISSN 1359-107X, E-ISSN 2044-8287, Vol. 25, nr 3, s. 596-614Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective To examine how primary care physicians define placebo concepts, use placebos in clinical practice, and view open-label placebos (OLPs).

    Design Semi-structured focus groups that were audio-recorded and content-coded.

    Methods Two focus groups with a total of 15 primary care physicians occurred at medical centres in the New England region of the United States. Prior experience using placebo treatments and attitudes towards open-label placebos were explored. Themes were analysed using an inductive data-driven approach.

    Results Physicians displayed a nuanced understanding of placebos and placebo effects in clinical contexts which sometimes focused on relational factors. Some respondents reported that they prescribed treatments with no known pharmacological effect for certain conditions and symptoms ('impure placebos') and that such prescriptions were more common for pain disorders, functional disorders, and medically unexplained symptoms. Opinions about OLP were mixed: Some viewed OLPs favourably or considered them 'harmless'; however, others strongly rejected OLPs as disrespectful to patients. Other issues in relation to OLPs included the following: lack of guidelines, legal and reputational concerns, and the notion that such treatments would run counter to customary medical practice.

    Conclusions A number of physicians reported prescribing impure placebos in clinical care. Although some primary care physicians were resistant to the possibility of recommending OLPs, others regarded OLPs more favourably, viewing them as potential treatments, albeit with restricted potential.

  • 113.
    Besser, Rachel E. J.
    et al.
    UCL, England; Oxford Univ Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, England; Churchill Hosp, England.
    Ludvigsson, Johnny
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, Avdelningen för barns och kvinnors hälsa. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Barn- och kvinnocentrum, H.K.H. Kronprinsessan Victorias barn- och ungdomssjukhus.
    Hindmarsh, Peter C.
    UCL, England.
    Cole, Tim J.
    UCL, England.
    Exploring C-peptide loss in type 1 diabetes using growth curve analysis2018Inngår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 13, nr 7, artikkel-id e0199635Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives C-peptide (CP) loss in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is highly variable, and factors influencing it are poorly understood. We modelled CP values in T1D patients from diagnosis for up to 6 years, treating the serial data as growth curves plotted against time since diagnosis. The aims were to summarise the pattern of CP loss (i.e. growth curve shape) in individual patients in simple terms, and to identify baseline characteristics that predict this pattern in individuals. Materials and methods Between 1976 and 2011, 442 T1D patients initially aged amp;lt; 18y underwent 120-minute mixed meal tolerance tests (MMTT) to calculate area under the curve (AUC) CP, at 3, 9,18, 30, 48 and 72 months after diagnosis (n = 1537). The data were analysed using the novel SITAR mixed effects growth curve model (Superlmposition by Translation And Rotation). It fits a mean AUC growth curve, but also allows the curves mean level and rate of fall to vary between individuals so as to best fit the individual patient curves. These curve adjustments define individual curve shape. Results The square root (root) AUC scale provided the best fit. The mean levels and rates of fall for individuals were normally distributed and uncorrelated with each other. Age at diagnosis and root AUC at 3 months strongly predicted the patient-specific mean levels, while younger age at diagnosis (p amp;lt; 0.0001) and the 120-minute CP value of the 3-month MMTT (p = 0.002) predicted the patient-specific rates of fall. Conclusions SITAR growth curve analysis is a useful tool to assess CP loss in type 1 diabetes, explaining patient differences in terms of their mean level and rate of fall. A definition of rapid CP loss could be based on a quantile of the rate of fall distribution, allowing better understanding of factors determining CP loss and stratification of patients into targeted therapies.

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  • 114.
    Bill-Axelson, Anna
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Urologkirurgi.
    Holmberg, Lars
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Endokrinkirurgi. Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Garmo, Hans
    Reg Canc Ctr Uppsala Örebro, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Radical Surgery or Watchful Waiting in Prostate Cancer Reply2019Inngår i: New England Journal of Medicine, ISSN 0028-4793, E-ISSN 1533-4406, Vol. 380, nr 11, s. 1084-1084Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 115.
    Bill-Axelson, Anna
    et al.
    Dept Surg Sci, Univ Uppsala Hosp, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Holmberg, Lars
    Reg Canc Ctr Uppsala Orebro, Univ Uppsala Hosp, Uppsala, Sweden; Sch Med, Div Canc Studies, Kings Coll London, London, England.
    Garmo, Hans
    Reg Canc Ctr Uppsala Orebro, Univ Uppsala Hosp, Uppsala, Sweden; Sch Med, Div Canc Studies, Kings Coll London, London , England.
    Rider, Jennifer R.
    Dept Med, Channing Lab, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston MA, USA; Sch Med, Harvard Univ, Boston MA, USA; Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Harvard Univ, Boston MA, USA.
    Taari, Kimmo
    Cent Hosp, Dept Urol, Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    Busch, Christer
    Dept Immunol Genet & Pathol, Univ Uppsala Hosp, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Nordling, Stig
    Dept Pathol, Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    Häggman, Michael
    Dept Surg Sci, Univ Uppsala Hosp, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Andersson, Swen-Olof
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin. Region Örebro län. Dept Urol, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Spångberg, Anders
    Dept Urol, Linköping, Linköping Univ Hosp, Linköping, Sweden.
    Andrén, Ove
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin. Region Örebro län. Dept Urol, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Palmgren, Juni
    Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Steineck, Gunnar
    Dept Pathol & Oncol, Div Clin Canc Epidemiol, Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden; Div Clin Canc Epidemiol, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Adami, Hans-Olov
    Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden; Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Harvard Univ, Boston MA, USA.
    Johansson, Jan-Erik
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin. Region Örebro län. Dept Urol, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Radical Prostatectomy or Watchful Waiting in Early Prostate Cancer2014Inngår i: New England Journal of Medicine, ISSN 0028-4793, E-ISSN 1533-4406, Vol. 370, nr 10, s. 932-942Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Radical prostatectomy reduces mortality among men with localized prostate cancer; however, important questions regarding long-term benefit remain.

    Methods: Between 1989 and 1999, we randomly assigned 695 men with early prostate cancer to watchful waiting or radical prostatectomy and followed them through the end of 2012. The primary end points in the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Study Number 4 (SPCG-4) were death from any cause, death from prostate cancer, and the risk of metastases. Secondary end points included the initiation of androgen-deprivation therapy.

    Results: During 23.2 years of follow-up, 200 of 347 men in the surgery group and 247 of the 348 men in the watchful-waiting group died. Of the deaths, 63 in the surgery group and 99 in the watchful-waiting group were due to prostate cancer; the relative risk was 0.56 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41 to 0.77; P=0.001), and the absolute difference was 11.0 percentage points (95% CI, 4.5 to 17.5). The number needed to treat to prevent one death was 8. One man died after surgery in the radical-prostatectomy group. Androgen-deprivation therapy was used in fewer patients who underwent prostatectomy (a difference of 25.0 percentage points; 95% CI, 17.7 to 32.3). The benefit of surgery with respect to death from prostate cancer was largest in men younger than 65 years of age (relative risk, 0.45) and in those with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (relative risk, 0.38). However, radical prostatectomy was associated with a reduced risk of metastases among older men (relative risk, 0.68; P=0.04).

    Conclusions: Extended follow-up confirmed a substantial reduction in mortality after radical prostatectomy; the number needed to treat to prevent one death continued to decrease when the treatment was modified according to age at diagnosis and tumor risk. A large proportion of long-term survivors in the watchful-waiting group have not required any palliative treatment. (Funded by the Swedish Cancer Society and others.)

    The randomized Swedish trial of prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in disease detected mainly clinically (not by PSA screening) continues to show a benefit for early prostatectomy. The number of men younger than 65 needed to treat to prevent one death is now four. The Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group Study Number 4 (SPCG-4), a randomized trial of radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in men with localized prostate cancer diagnosed before the era of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, showed a survival benefit of radical prostatectomy as compared with observation at 15 years of follow-up.(1) By contrast, the Prostate Cancer Intervention versus Observation Trial (PIVOT), initiated in the early era of PSA testing, showed that radical prostatectomy did not significantly reduce prostate cancer-specific or overall mortality after 12 years.(2) PSA screening profoundly changes the clinical domain of study. Among other considerations, the substantial additional lead time ...

  • 116.
    Bill-Axelson, Anna
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Urologkirurgi.
    Holmberg, Lars
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Endokrinkirurgi. Kings Coll London, Sch Med, Div Canc Studies, London, England;Kings Coll London, Sch Canc & Pharmaceut Sci, London, England.
    Garmo, Hans
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Uppsala kliniska forskningscentrum (UCR). Kings Coll London, Sch Med, Div Canc Studies, London, England.
    Taari, Kimmo
    Helsinki Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Helsinki, Finland.
    Busch, Christer
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för immunologi, genetik och patologi. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Urologkirurgi.
    Nordling, Stig
    Univ Helsinki, Dept Pathol, Helsinki, Finland.
    Häggman, Michael
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper, Urologkirurgi.
    Andersson, Swen-Olof
    Orebro Univ, Sch Hlth & Med Sci, Orebro, Sweden;Orebro Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Orebro, Sweden.
    Andren, Ove
    Orebro Univ, Sch Hlth & Med Sci, Orebro, Sweden;Orebro Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Orebro, Sweden.
    Steineck, Gunnar
    Sahlgrens Acad, Div Clin Canc Epidemiol, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Adami, Hans-Olov
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden;Harvard TC Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA;Univ Oslo, Inst Hlth & Soc, Clin Effectiveness Res Grp, Oslo, Norway.
    Johansson, Jan-Erik
    Orebro Univ, Sch Hlth & Med Sci, Orebro, Sweden;Orebro Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Orebro, Sweden.
    Radical Prostatectomy or Watchful Waiting in Prostate Cancer: 29-Year Follow-up2018Inngår i: New England Journal of Medicine, ISSN 0028-4793, E-ISSN 1533-4406, Vol. 379, nr 24, s. 2319-2329Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND Radical prostatectomy reduces mortality among men with clinically detected localized prostate cancer, but evidence from randomized trials with long-term followup is sparse.

    METHODS We randomly assigned 695 men with localized prostate cancer to watchful waiting or radical prostatectomy from October 1989 through February 1999 and collected follow-up data through 2017. Cumulative incidence and relative risks with 95% confidence intervals for death from any cause, death from prostate cancer, and metastasis were estimated in intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses, and numbers of years of life gained were estimated. We evaluated the prognostic value of histopathological measures with a Cox proportional-hazards model.

    RESULTS By December 31, 2017, a total of 261 of the 347 men in the radical-prostatectomy group and 292 of the 348 men in the watchful-waiting group had died; 71 deaths in the radical-prostatectomy group and 110 in the watchful-waiting group were due to prostate cancer (relative risk, 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41 to 0.74; P<0.001; absolute difference in risk, 11.7 percentage points; 95% CI, 5.2 to 18.2). The number needed to treat to avert one death from any cause was 8.4. At 23 years, a mean of 2.9 extra years of life were gained with radical prostatectomy. Among the men who underwent radical prostatectomy, extracapsular extension was associated with a risk of death from prostate cancer that was 5 times as high as that among men without extracapsular extension, and a Gleason score higher than 7 was associated with a risk that was 10 times as high as that with a score of 6 or lower (scores range from 2 to 10, with higher scores indicating more aggressive cancer).

    CONCLUSIONS Men with clinically detected, localized prostate cancer and a long life expectancy benefited from radical prostatectomy, with a mean of 2.9 years of life gained. A high Gleason score and the presence of extracapsular extension in the radical prostatectomy specimens were highly predictive of death from prostate cancer.

  • 117.
    Bill-Axelson, Anna
    et al.
    Dept. Urology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; Dept, Pathology & Oncology, Div. Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Holmberg, Lars
    Regional Oncology Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; School of Medicine, Division of Cancer Studies, Kings College London, London, England.
    Ruutu, Mirja
    Cent Hosp, Dept Urol, Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    Garmo, Hans
    Reg Oncol Ctr, Univ Uppsala Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden; Sch Med, Div Canc Studies, Kings College London, London, UK.
    Stark, Jennifer R
    Deptartment of Urology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden; Dept Med, Channing Lab, Brigham & Womens Hospital, Boston MA, USA; Sch Med, Harvard University, Boston MA, USA.
    Busch, Christer
    Dept Pathol, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Nordling, Stig
    Cent Hosp, Dept Pathol, Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    Häggman, Michael
    Dept Urology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Andersson, Swen-Olof
    Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin. Department of Urology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Bratell, Stefan
    Dept Urology, Borås Hospital, Borås, Sweden.
    Spångberg, Anders
    Dept Urology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
    Palmgren, Juni
    Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Steineck, Gunnar
    Dept, Pathology & Oncology, Div. Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Div Clin Canc Epidemiol, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Adami, Hans-Olov
    Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Publ Health, Dept Epidemiology, Harvard Univ, Boston MA, USA.
    Johansson, J-E
    Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin. Dept Urol, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden; Center of Assessment Med Technology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting in early prostate cancer2011Inngår i: New England Journal of Medicine, ISSN 0028-4793, E-ISSN 1533-4406, Vol. 364, nr 18, s. 1708-1717Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: In 2008, we reported that radical prostatectomy, as compared with watchful waiting, reduces the rate of death from prostate cancer. After an additional 3 years of follow-up, we now report estimated 15-year results.

    METHODS: From October 1989 through February 1999, we randomly assigned 695 men with early prostate cancer to watchful waiting or radical prostatectomy. Follow-up was complete through December 2009, with histopathological review of biopsy and radical-prostatectomy specimens and blinded evaluation of causes of death. Relative risks, with 95% confidence intervals, were estimated with the use of a Cox proportional-hazards model.

    RESULTS: During a median of 12.8 years, 166 of the 347 men in the radical-prostatectomy group and 201 of the 348 in the watchful-waiting group died (P=0.007). In the case of 55 men assigned to surgery and 81 men assigned to watchful waiting, death was due to prostate cancer. This yielded a cumulative incidence of death from prostate cancer at 15 years of 14.6% and 20.7%, respectively (a difference of 6.1 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.2 to 12.0), and a relative risk with surgery of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.44 to 0.87; P=0.01). The survival benefit was similar before and after 9 years of follow-up, was observed also among men with low-risk prostate cancer, and was confined to men younger than 65 years of age. The number needed to treat to avert one death was 15 overall and 7 for men younger than 65 years of age. Among men who underwent radical prostatectomy, those with extracapsular tumor growth had a risk of death from prostate cancer that was 7 times that of men without extracapsular tumor growth (relative risk, 6.9; 95% CI, 2.6 to 18.4).

    CONCLUSIONS: Radical prostatectomy was associated with a reduction in the rate of death from prostate cancer. Men with extracapsular tumor growth may benefit from adjuvant local or systemic treatment.

  • 118. Bischoff, Stephan C
    et al.
    Boirie, Yves
    Cederholm, Tommy
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Klinisk nutrition och metabolism.
    Chourdakis, Michael
    Cuerda, Cristina
    Delzenne, Nathalie M
    Deutz, Nicolaas E
    Fouque, Denis
    Genton, Laurence
    Gil, Carmen
    Koletzko, Berthold
    Leon-Sanz, Miguel
    Shamir, Raanan
    Singer, Joelle
    Singer, Pierre
    Stroebele-Benschop, Nanette
    Thorell, Anders
    Weimann, Arved
    Barazzoni, Rocco
    Towards a multidisciplinary approach to understand and manage obesity and related diseases2017Inngår i: Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0261-5614, E-ISSN 1532-1983, Vol. 36, nr 4, s. 917-938, artikkel-id S0261-5614(16)31323-1Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Overnutrition and sedentary lifestyle result in overweight or obesity defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health. According to the WHO, the worldwide prevalence of obesity nearly doubled between 1980 and 2008. In 2008, over 50% of both men and women in the WHO European Region were overweight, and approximately 23% of women and 20% of men were obese. Comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approaches should include nutritional treatment to favor the best metabolic and nutritional outcome, as well as to induce potential disease-specific benefits from selected nutritional regimens. Obesity is usually accompanied by an increased muscle mass. This might explain why obesity, under particular circumstances such as cancer or high age, might have protective effects, a phenomenon named the 'obesity paradox'. However, loss of muscle mass or function can also occur, which is associated with poor prognosis and termed 'sarcopenic obesity'. Therefore, treatment recommendations may need to be individualized and adapted to co-morbidities. Since obesity is a chronic systemic disease it requires a multidisciplinary approach, both at the level of prevention and therapy including weight loss and maintenance. In the present personal review and position paper, authors from different disciplines including endocrinology, gastroenterology, nephrology, pediatrics, surgery, geriatrics, intensive care medicine, psychology and psychiatry, sports medicine and rheumatology, both at the basic science and clinical level, present their view on the topic and underline the necessity to provide a multidisciplinary approach, to address this epidemic.

  • 119.
    Bjelland, Elisabeth Krefting
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Owe, Katrine Mari
    Pingel, Ronnie
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Kristiansson, Per
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Vangen, Siri
    Eberhard-Gran, Malin
    Pelvic pain after childbirth: a longitudinal population study2016Inngår i: Pain, ISSN 0304-3959, E-ISSN 1872-6623, Vol. 157, nr 3, s. 710-716Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this longitudinal population study, the aims were to study associations of mode of delivery with new onset of pelvic pain and changes in pelvic pain scores up to 7-18 months after childbirth. We included 20,248 participants enrolled in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (1999-2008) without preexisting pelvic pain in pregnancy. Data were obtained by four self-administered questionnaires and linked to the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. A total of 4.5% of the women reported new onset of pelvic pain 0-3 months postpartum. Compared to unassisted vaginal delivery, operative vaginal delivery was associated with increased odds of pelvic pain (adjusted odds ratio 1.30; 95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.59). Planned and emergency cesarean deliveries were associated with reduced odds of pelvic pain (adjusted odds ratio 0.48; 95% confidence interval: 0.31-0.74 and adjusted odds ratio 0.65; 95% confidence interval: 0.49-0.87, respectively). Planned cesarean delivery, young maternal age, and low Symptom Checklist-8 scores were associated with low pelvic pain scores after childbirth. A history of pain was the only factor associated with increased pelvic pain scores over time (P=0.047). We conclude that new onset of pelvic pain after childbirth was not commonly reported, particularly following cesarean delivery. Overall, pelvic pain scores were rather low at all time points and women with a history of pain reported increased pelvic pain scores over time. Hence, clinicians should follow up women with pelvic pain after a difficult childbirth experience, particularly if they have a history of pain.

  • 120.
    Bjurling-Sjöberg, Petronella
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD).
    Nordgren, Lena
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD). Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Pöder, Ulrika
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap.
    Jansson, Inger
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Engström, Gabriella
    Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing Florida Atlantic University, USA.
    Wadensten, Barbro
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap.
    Clinical Pathways in Swedish Intensive Care Units:: Prevalence, Quality and Factors Affecting Implementation.2017Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 121.
    Bjurling-Sjöberg, Petronella
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD).
    Wadensten, Barbro
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap.
    Pöder, Ulrika
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap.
    Jansson, Inger
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Nordgren, Lena
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD). Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap.
    Balancing intertwined responsibilities:: a grounded theory study of collaboration in everyday ICU practice2016Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 122.
    Bjurling-Sjöberg, Petronella
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD).
    Wadensten, Barbro
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap.
    Pöder, Ulrika
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap.
    Jansson, Inger
    Göteborgs universitet.
    Nordgren, Lena
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD). Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Implementing clinical pathways in the context of intensive care: experiences from conductinggrounded theory in an action research project2018Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 123.
    Bjurling-Sjöberg, Petronella
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD).
    Wadensten, Barbro
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap.
    Pöder, Ulrika
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Vårdvetenskap.
    Nordgren, Lena
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD). Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Jansson, Inger
    Göteborg universitet.
    Clinical pathways at Swedish intensive care units:: a retrospective study of the implementation process.2015Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 124.
    Björk, A
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Andersson, K
    Kristiansson, Per
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Björkegren, K
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Johansson, G
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Löfvander, M
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Treatment of vitamin D insufficiency in female primary health care patients in Sweden: results from a study at 60N2012Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 125. Björk, Anna-Bell
    et al.
    Sjöström, Malin
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Johansson, Eva E.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Samuelsson, Eva
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Umefjord, Goran
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Women's Experiences of Internet-Based or Postal Treatment for Stress Urinary Incontinence2014Inngår i: Qualitative Health Research, ISSN 1049-7323, E-ISSN 1552-7557, Vol. 24, nr 4, s. 484-493Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Stress urinary incontinence is common and sometimes embarrassing. New, simple, and easily accessible treatments are needed. We telephone interviewed 21 women who participated in a randomized controlled study comparing two treatment programs based on instructions for pelvic floor muscle training. One program was Internet-based and included email support by a urotherapist; the other was sent by post. There was no face-to-face contact in either program. Our main aim was to explore the women's experiences of the Internet-based treatment. Grounded theory analysis revealed three categories: hidden but present, at a distance but close, and by myself but not alone. These were incorporated in a core category: acknowledged but not exposed. The leakage was often a well-hidden secret, but the study treatments lowered the barrier for seeking care. In the Internet group, a supportive patient-provider relationship developed despite the lack of face-to-face contact. Internet-based treatment programs can increase access to care and empower women.

  • 126.
    Björk, Anne
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Aspects of Vitamin D: Prevalence of deficiency and impact on musculoskeletal parameters2017Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Vitamin D is central in calcium turnover, and adequate levels are important for skeletal health. It is not clear how large contributions from food and sunlight are in Swedish primary care patients, considering the low radiation of UVB in Sweden and fortification of some foods, and whether differences exist between patients of immigrant and Swedish origin. Increasing incidence of osteoporosis-related fractures is a major global health problem. Genetic variations in metabolising enzymes and in the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) have also been shown to be of importance to the overall effect of vitamin D. Polymorphic variation in the gene CYP2R1 encoding the 25-hydroxylase has previously been reported to correlate with circulating levels of 25(OH)D3. Results of association studies between genetic variants of the VDR and muscle strength, as well as falls have been contradictory.

    The purposes of this thesis were to examine possible differences in plasma-25(OH)D3 levels and intake of vitamin D between Swedish and immigrant female primary care patients, to estimate what foods contribute the most, and to identify contributors to vitamin D status (Paper I-II). Furthermore, the relationship between polymorphisms in the CYP2R1 gene and levels of 25(OH)D3 as well as other biochemical parameters (parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate and fibroblast growth factor 23) of skeletal homeostasis, bone mineral density and incidence of fractures was investigated (Paper III). Also, the association between genetic variations in the gene for the vitamin D receptor and measures of muscle strength, physical performance and falls (Paper IV), was investigated by using data from a Swedish multicenter study of elderly men (MrOS).

    Most important results: Vitamin D deficiency was common, with significant difference between Swedish born and immigrant patients (Paper I). Food intake of vitamin D is associated with circulating vitamin D, but the factors most strongly affecting vitamin D levels were reported sun holiday and origin (Paper II). CYP2R1 polymorphisms are associated with circulating levels of 25(OH)D3 and bone mineral density (Paper III). VDR genetic variants do not appear to have a direct effect on muscle strength or physical performance and incidence of falls in elderly Swedish men (Paper IV).

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  • 127.
    Björk, Anne
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Andersson, Åsa
    Johansson, Gunnar
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Björkegren, Karin
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Bardel, Annika
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i Sörmland (CKFD).
    Kristiansson, Per
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Evaluation of sun holiday, diet habits, origin and other factors as determinants of vitamin D status in Swedish primary health care patients: a cross-sectional study with regression analysis of ethnic Swedish and immigrant women2013Inngår i: BMC Family Practice, E-ISSN 1471-2296, Vol. 14, s. 129-Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Determinants of vitamin D status measured as 25-OH-vitamin D in blood are exposure to sunlight and intake of vitamin D through food and supplements. It is unclear how large the contributions are from these determinants in Swedish primary care patients, considering the low radiation of UVB in Sweden and the fortification of some foods. Asian and African immigrants in Norway and Denmark have been found to have very low levels, but it is not clear whether the same applies to Swedish patients. The purpose of our study was to identify contributors to vitamin D status in Swedish women attending a primary health care centre at latitude 60°N in Sweden.

    Methods

    In this cross-sectional, observational study, 61 female patients were consecutively recruited between January and March 2009, irrespective of reason for attending the clinic. The women were interviewed about their sun habits, smoking, education and food intake at a personal appointment and blood samples were drawn for measurements of vitamin D and calcium concentrations.

    Results

    Plasma concentration of 25-OH-vitamin D below 25 nmol/L was found in 61% (19/31) of immigrant and 7% (2/30) of native women. Multivariate analysis showed that reported sun holiday of one week during the last year at latitude below 40°N with the purpose of sun-bathing and native origin, were significantly, independently and positively associated with 25-OH-vitamin D concentrations in plasma with the strongest association for sun holiday during the past year.

    Conclusions

    Vitamin D deficiency was common among the women in the present study, with sun holiday and origin as main determinants of 25-OH-vitamin D concentrations in plasma. Given a negative effect on health this would imply needs for vitamin D treatment particularly in women with immigrant background who have moved from lower to higher latitudes.

    Keywords: Vitamin D; Sun habits; Immigrant; Women; Primary health care

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  • 128.
    Björk, Mathilda
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, Avdelningen för prevention, rehabilitering och nära vård. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Smärt och rehabiliteringscentrum.
    Gerdle, Björn
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, Avdelningen för prevention, rehabilitering och nära vård. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Smärt och rehabiliteringscentrum.
    Liedberg, Gunilla
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, Avdelningen för prevention, rehabilitering och nära vård. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Smärt och rehabiliteringscentrum.
    Svanholm, Frida
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, Avdelningen för prevention, rehabilitering och nära vård. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Smärt och rehabiliteringscentrum.
    Solmi, Marco
    Univ Padua, Italy.
    Thompson, Trevor
    Univ Greenwich, England.
    Chaimani, Anna
    Univ Paris, France.
    Dragioti, Elena
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, medicin och vård, Avdelningen för prevention, rehabilitering och nära vård. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Smärt och rehabiliteringscentrum.
    Interventions to facilitate return to work in adults with chronic non-malignant pain: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis2020Inngår i: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 10, nr 11, artikkel-id e040962Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction Work absenteeism due to chronic non-malignant pain (CNMP) is a major societal and individual cause of concern that requires effective treatments. Objective We present a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) aiming to compare available interventions for return to work (RTW) in adults with CNMP. Methods and analysis PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Knowledge and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases will be searched till 31 August 2020 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining interventions for RTW outcomes among patients with CNMP. Two independent investigators will search the databases, perform data extraction and assess the methodological quality of the selected RCTs. The primary outcome will be RTW, if possible, full-time or part-time after work absence due to chronic pain from baseline to the last available follow-up. Secondary outcomes will include self-reported workability or work capacity, or self-reported physical functioning and quality of life as measured by any validated scale. Pairwise meta-analysis and NMA will be conducted for each outcome using a random-effects model. For the primary outcomes, we will also obtain the ranking of all competing interventions within each NMA using surface under the cumulative ranking curve. The assumption of coherence (ie, that direct and indirect evidence are in statistical agreement) will be examined using both a local and a global approach. We will also conduct subgroup and meta-regression analyses, whenever feasible, to investigate the unexplained variation in effect size. The comparison-adjusted funnel plot will be used to evaluate small-study effects. The overall quality of evidence will be rated with the Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis tool. Data analysis will be conducted using Stata V.16.0. Ethics and dissemination This systematic review does not require ethical approval since it will not disseminate any private patient data. The results of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020171429.

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  • 129.
    Björkelund, Cecilia
    et al.
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Med, Dept Primary Hlth Care, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Med, Dept Primary Hlth Care, Box 454, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Svenningsson, Irene
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Med, Dept Primary Hlth Care, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Hange, Dominique
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Med, Dept Primary Hlth Care, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Udo, Camilla
    Dalarna Univ, Sch Educ Hlth & Social Studies, Falun, Sweden..
    Petersson, Eva-Lisa
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Med, Dept Primary Hlth Care, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Narhalsan Res & Dev Primary Hlth Care, Reg Vastra Gotaland, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Ariai, Nashmil
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Med, Dept Primary Hlth Care, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Nejati, Shabnam
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Med, Dept Primary Hlth Care, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Wessman, Catrin
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Hlth Metr Unit, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Wikberg, Carl
    Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Med, Dept Primary Hlth Care, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    André, Malin
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin.
    Wallin, Lars
    Dalarna Univ, Sch Educ Hlth & Social Studies, Falun, Sweden.;Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Dept Hlth & Care Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Div Nursing, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Westman, Jeanette
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Div Family Med, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Clinical effectiveness of care managers in collaborative care for patients with depression in Swedish primary health care: a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial2018Inngår i: BMC Family Practice, E-ISSN 1471-2296, Vol. 19, artikkel-id 28Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Depression is one of the leading causes of disability and affects 10-15% of the population. The majority of people with depressive symptoms seek care and are treated in primary care. Evidence internationally for high quality care supports collaborative care with a care manager. Our aim was to study clinical effectiveness of a care manager intervention in management of primary care patients with depression in Sweden.

    Methods: In a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial 23 primary care centers (PCCs), urban and rural, included patients aged >= 18 years with a new (< 1 month) depression diagnosis. Intervention consisted of Care management including continuous contact between care manager and patient, a structured management plan, and behavioral activation, altogether around 6-7 contacts over 12 weeks. Control condition was care as usual (CAU). Outcome measures: Depression symptoms (measured by Mongomery-Asberg depression score-self (MADRS-S) and BDI-II), quality of life (QoL) (EQ-5D), return to work and sick leave, service satisfaction, and antidepressant medication. Data were analyzed with the intention-to-treat principle.

    Results: One hundred ninety two patients with depression at PCCs with care managers were allocated to the intervention group, and 184 patients at control PCCs were allocated to the control group. Mean depression score measured by MADRS-S was 2.17 lower in the intervention vs. the control group (95% CI [0.56; 3.79], p = 0.009) at 3 months and 2.27 lower (95% CI [0.59; 3.95], p = 0.008) at 6 months; corresponding BDI-II scores were 1.96 lower (95% CI [-0.19; 4.11], p = 0.07) in the intervention vs. control group at 6 months. Remission was significantly higher in the intervention group at 6 months (61% vs. 47%, p = 0.006). QoL showed a steeper increase in the intervention group at 3 months (p = 0.01). During the first 3 months, return to work was significantly higher in the intervention vs. the control group. Patients in the intervention group were more consistently on antidepressant medication than patients in the control group.

    Conclusions: Care managers for depression treatment have positive effects on depression course, return to work, remission frequency, antidepressant frequency, and quality of life compared to usual care and is valued by the patients.

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  • 130.
    Björkenheim, Anna
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: effects on rhythm, symptoms and health-related quality of life2018Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: AF ablation is an increasingly used treatment in patients with AF to improve patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Atrioventricular junction ablation (AVJA) is a palliative treatment option in therapy refractory AF that improves PROs but renders the patient pacemaker dependent.

    Aims: To evaluate rhythm control and PROs before and up to two years after AF ablation. To analyze the long-term incidence of and predictors of hospitalization for HF and all-cause mortality in patients who underwent AVJA and right ventricular pacing.

    Methods and Results: Fifty-four patients underwent AF ablation and both continuous rhythm monitoring via an implantable loop recorder (ILR) and intermittent rhythm monitoring three, six, 12 and 24 months after ablation. 76 % of patients had at least one AF recurrence, of whom 24 % were only detected by ILR. One third of symptom recordings did not show AF. The AF-specific AF6 scores, physician-assessed EHRA symptom class and both SF-36 summary scores all improved significantly from before to two years after ablation. There was a weak correlation between the change in AF6 scores and EHRA class from before to six and 12 months but not to 24 months after ablation. Responders to ablation (AF burden < 0.5 %), reached age- and sex-matched norms in all SF-36 domains, but non-responders only in social functioning and MCS. All AF6 scores showed at least moderate improvement in both responders and non-responders. Higher AF burden was independently associated with poorer PCS and AF6 scores. In 162 patients who underwent AVJA, hospitalization for HF occurred in 20 % of patients (two-year cumula-tive incidence 9.1 %) and 22 % died (two-year cumulative incidence 5.2 %) during a median follow-up of five years. QRS ≥ 120 ms and left atrial diame-ter were independent predictors of hospitalization for HF, and hypertension and previous HF of death.

    Conclusions: Continuous rhythm monitoring was superior to intermittent monitoring. The AF-specific AF6 was more sensitive to changes related to AF burden after AF ablation than both EHRA class and the SF-36. The long-term hospitalization rate for HF and all-cause mortality was low after AVJA.

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    Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: effects on rhythm, symptoms and health-related quality of life
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  • 131.
    Björklund, Alexander
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    A Full Night’s Sleep, A Privilege For the (W)healthy? - The impact of social deprivation on the prevalence of nocturia in community dwelling older adults of Scotland2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
  • 132.
    Björkman, Frida
    et al.
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Björn Ekbloms forskningsgrupp.
    Mattsson, C. Mikael
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, Björn Ekbloms forskningsgrupp.
    Hur farlig är multisport?2011Inngår i: Svensk IdrottsMedicin, ISSN 1103-7652, Vol. 30, nr 4, s. 8-11Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [sv]

    Den övervägande delen av deltagarna i större multisporttävlingar drabbas av någon typ av skada som i de flesta fall är lindrig. Men det är ändå ingen tvekan om att multisport kan vara farligt. Det ställs höga krav på medicinsk personal att kunna hantera en mångfald av skador och sjukdomar.

  • 133.
    Björkman Hjalmarsson, Louise
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Aspects of neonatal septicaemia: prevention and complications2018Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Study I was part of the Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study (EXPRESS), a prospective national study including all infants born <27 weeks in Sweden in 2004-2007 that survived their first year of life (n=497). Neonatal sepsis was evaluated as a risk factor for neonatal morbidities. Definite sepsis was associated with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia and prolonged hospital stay, but not with a higher risk of retinopathy of prematurity or intraventricular haemorrhage.

    Study II was a non-randomized single-centre intervention study evaluating possible preventive effects on coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) sepsis when the scrub the hub method was used. During the intervention period, the incidence of CoNS sepsis decreased from 1.5% to 0% (CI: 0.53-2.58%, p=0.06).

    Study III was an in-vitro study evaluating leakage of isopropanol (IPA) and ethanol when alcohol caps and scrub the hub were used to disinfect hubs. Alcohol leakage was measured using gas chromatography. IPA was detected in all samples from cap circuits, and mean leakage increased over time. Ethanol levels were low, and scrub the hub therefore seems safe to use.

    Study IV was a survey study evaluating reported hygiene routines from Swedish neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) included in the EXPRESS study. Routines were compared between the EXPRESS period (2004- 2007) and 2013. Improvements were seen regarding basic hygiene routines, routines for work clothing, and follow-up of compliance. Antibiotic prophylaxis decreased while fungal prophylaxis increased, but the empiric treatment of suspected late-onset sepsis (LOS) showed heterogeneity.

    Study V investigated the association between incidence in LOS in the EXPRESS cohort and the hygiene routines previously evaluated in Study IV. Strict catheter routines, blood culture routines, and non-use of antibiotic prophylaxis were associated with decreased sepsis risk.

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    Aspects of neonatal septicaemia – prevention and complications
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  • 134.
    Björkman Hjalmarsson, Louise
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Department of Pediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Hagberg, Jessika
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Schollin, Jens
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Ohlin, Andreas
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Region Örebro län. Department of Pediatrics.
    Leakage of isopropanol from port protectors used in neonatal intensive careManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 135.
    Björkman Hjalmarsson, Louise
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Department of Paediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Ohlin, Andreas
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Region Örebro län. Department of Paediatrics.
    Schollin, Jens
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Bodin, Lennart
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet. Intervention and Implementation Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Department of Statistics, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Hygiene routines in the EXPRESS study: impact of hygiene routines and antibiotic prophylaxis on neonatal sepsis incidenceManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 136.
    Björkman Hjalmarsson, Louise
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Department of Paediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Schollin, Jens
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper.
    Bodin, Lennart
    Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet. Intervention and Implementation Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Statistics, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Ohlin, Andreas
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper. Region Örebro län. Department of Paediatrics.
    Hygiene routines in the EXPRESS study: a Swedish national survey of hygiene practices in neonatal intensive careManuskript (preprint) (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 137. Björkquist, Anna
    et al.
    Guo, Li
    Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi.
    Kristoffersen, Morten B
    Novoa, Maria M.
    Ortiz-Catalan, Max
    Sandsjö, Leif
    Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd.
    Towards Implementation of a Home-Based Phantom Limb Pain Treatment Facilitated by Textile-Electrode System - A Case Study2023Inngår i: Caring is Sharing — Exploiting the Value in Data for Health and Innovation: Proceedings of MIE 2023, IOS Press, 2023, s. 682-683Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This case study reports the use of a new textile-electrode system for self-administered Phantom Motor Execution (PME) treatment at home in one patient with Phantom Limb Pain (PLP). In follow-up interviews, the patient reported reduced pain, increased mobility, and improved mental health, and aspects such as motivation, usability, support, and treatment outcome, could be recognized from an earlier study as crucial for successful implementation and adoption of the home-based long-term treatment. The findings are of interest to developers, providers, users, and researchers planning home-based clinical studies and/or scenarios based on technology-assisted treatment. 

  • 138.
    Björsell, Tove
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin. Department of Infectious Diseases, Karlstad Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden; Centre for Clinical Research and Education, Region Värmland, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Sundh, Josefin
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Lange, Anna
    Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Ahlm, Clas
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk mikrobiologi.
    Forsell, Mattias N. E.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk mikrobiologi.
    Tevell, Staffan
    Department of Infectious Diseases, Karlstad Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden; Centre for Clinical Research and Education, Region Värmland, Karlstad, Sweden; Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Blomberg, Anders
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin.
    Edin, Alicia
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Normark, Johan
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk mikrobiologi. Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Wallenberg centrum för molekylär medicin vid Umeå universitet (WCMM).
    Cajander, Sara
    Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Risk factors for impaired respiratory function post COVID-19: a prospective cohort study of nonhospitalized and hospitalized patients2023Inngår i: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 293, nr 5, s. 600-614Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Severe COVID-19 increases the risk for long-term respiratory impairment, but data after mild COVID-19 are scarce. Our aims were to determine risk factors for reduced respiratory function 3–6 months after COVID-19 infection and to investigate if reduced respiratory function would relate to impairment of exercise performance and breathlessness. Methods: Patients with COVID-19 were enrolled at the University Hospitals of Umeå and Örebro, and Karlstad Central Hospital, Sweden. Disease severity was defined as mild (nonhospitalized), moderate (hospitalized with or without oxygen treatment), and severe (intensive care). Spirometry, including diffusion capacity (DLCO), was performed 3–6 months after hospital discharge or study enrollment (for nonhospitalized patients). Breathlessness (defined as ≥1 according to the modified Medical Research Council scale) and functional exercise capacity (1-min sit-to-stand test; 1-MSTST) were assessed. Results: Between April 2020 and May 2021, 337 patients were enrolled in the study. Forced vital capacity and DLCO were significantly lower in patients with severe COVID-19. Among hospitalized patients, 20% had reduced DLCO, versus 4% in nonhospitalized. Breathlessness was found in 40.6% of the participants and was associated with impaired DLCO. A pathological desaturation or heart rate response was observed in 17% of participants during the 1-MSTST. However, this response was not associated with reduced DLCO. Conclusion: Reduced DLCO was the major respiratory impairment 3–6 months following COVID-19, with hospitalization as the most important risk factor. The lack of association between impaired DLCO and pathological physiological responses to exertion suggests that these physiological responses are not primarily related to decreased lung function.

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  • 139.
    Blease, Charlotte
    et al.
    General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America;School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland .
    Bernstein, Michael H
    Gaab, Jens
    Kaptchuk, Ted J
    Kossowsky, Joe
    Mandl, Kenneth D
    Davis, Roger B
    DesRoches, Catherine M
    Computerization and the future of primary care: a survey of general practitioners in the UK2018Inngår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 13, nr 12, artikkel-id e0207418Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective

    To describe the opinions of British general practitioners regarding the potential of future technology to replace key tasks carried out in primary care.

    Design

    Cross sectional online survey.

    Participants

    1,474 registered GPs in the United Kingdom.

    Main outcome measures

    Investigators measured GPs’ opinions about the likelihood that future technology will be able to fully replace–not merely aid–the average GP in performing six primary care tasks; in addition, if GPs considered replacement for a particular task likely, the survey measured opinions about how many years from now this technological capacity might emerge.

    Results

    A total of 720 (49%) responded to the survey. Most GPs believed it unlikely that technology will ever be able to fully replace physicians when it comes to diagnosing patients (489, 68%), referring patients to other specialists (444, 61%), formulating personalized treatment plans (441, 61%), and delivering empathic care (680, 94%). GPs were not in agreement about prognostics: one in two participants (380, 53%) considered it likely that technology will be fully capable of replacing physicians in performing this task, nearly half (187, 49%) of whom believed that the technological capacity will arise in the next ten years. Against these findings, the majority of GPs (578, 80%) believed it likely that future technology will be able to fully replace humans to undertake documentation; among them 261 (79%) estimated that the technological wherewithal would emerge during the next ten years. In general, age and gender were not correlated with opinions; nor was reported burnout and job satisfaction or whether GPs worked full time or part time.

    Conclusions

    The majority of UK GPs in this survey were skeptical about the potential for future technology to perform most primary care tasks as well as or better than humans. However, respondents were optimistic that in the near future technology would have the capacity to fully replace GPs’ in undertaking administrative duties related to patient documentation.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 140.
    Blease, Charlotte
    et al.
    General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US;School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, IE.
    Kaptchuk, Ted J
    Bernstein, Michael H
    Mandl, Kenneth D
    Halamka, John D
    DesRoches, Catherine M
    Artificial intelligence and the future of primary care: exploratory qualitative study of UK general practitioners' views2019Inngår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research, E-ISSN 1438-8871, Vol. 21, nr 3, artikkel-id e12802Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The potential for machine learning to disrupt the medical profession is the subject of ongoing debate within biomedical informatics and related fields.

    Objective: This study aimed to explore general practitioners' (GPs') opinions about the potential impact of future technology on key tasks in primary care.

    Methods: In June 2018, we conducted a Web-based survey of 720 UK GPs' opinions about the likelihood of future technology to fully replace GPs in performing 6 key primary care tasks, and, if respondents considered replacement for a particular task likely, to estimate how soon the technological capacity might emerge. This study involved qualitative descriptive analysis of written responses ("comments") to an open-ended question in the survey.

    Results: Comments were classified into 3 major categories in relation to primary care: (1) limitations of future technology, (2) potential benefits of future technology, and (3) social and ethical concerns. Perceived limitations included the beliefs that communication and empathy are exclusively human competencies; many GPs also considered clinical reasoning and the ability to provide value-based care as necessitating physicians' judgments. Perceived benefits of technology included expectations about improved efficiencies, in particular with respect to the reduction of administrative burdens on physicians. Social and ethical concerns encompassed multiple, divergent themes including the need to train more doctors to overcome workforce shortfalls and misgivings about the acceptability of future technology to patients. However, some GPs believed that the failure to adopt technological innovations could incur harms to both patients and physicians.

    Conclusions: This study presents timely information on physicians' views about the scope of artificial intelligence (AI) in primary care. Overwhelmingly, GPs considered the potential of AI to be limited. These views differ from the predictions of biomedical informaticians. More extensive, stand-alone qualitative work would provide a more in-depth understanding of GPs' views.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 141.
    Blomberg, Anders
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Lungmedicin.
    Update in environmental and occupational medicine 20112012Inngår i: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, ISSN 1073-449X, E-ISSN 1535-4970, Vol. 185, nr 11, s. 1166-1170Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 142.
    Blomgren, KB.
    et al.
    Mälardalens högskola, Institutionen för vård- och folkhälsovetenskap.
    Sundström, A.
    Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden .
    Steineck, G.
    Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wiholm, B-E.
    Medical Products Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Interviewer Variability: Quality aspects in a case-control study.2006Inngår i: European Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0393-2990, Vol. 21, nr 4, s. 267-277Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Quality assurance and quality control are important for the reliability of case-control studies. Here we describe the procedures used in a previously published study, with emphasis on interviewer variability. To evaluate risk factors for acute pancreatitis, information including previous diagnoses and medication was collected from medical records and by telephone interviews from 462 cases and 1781 controls. Quality assurance procedures included education and training of interviewers and data validity checks. Quality control included a classification test, annual test interviews, expert case validation, and database validation. We found pronounced variations between interviewers. The maximal number of interviews per day varied from 3 to 9. The adjusted average (95% CI) number of diagnoses captured per interview of cases was 4.1 (3.8-4.3) and of controls 3.5 (3.4-3.7) (excluding one deviating interviewer). For drugs, the average (95% CI) number per interview was 3.9 (3.7-4.1) for cases and 3.3 (3.2-3.4) for controls (excluding one deviating interviewer). One of the fourteen interviewers deviated significantly from the others, and more so for controls than for cases. This interviewer's data ;were excluded. Nonetheless, data concerning controls more frequently needed correction and supplementation than for cases. Erroneous coding of diagnoses and medication was also more frequent among controls. Thus, a system for quality control of coding practices is crucial. Variability in interviewers' ability to ascertain information is a possible source of bias in interview-based case-control studies when "blinding" cannot be achieved.

  • 143.
    Boersma, Katja
    et al.
    Orebro Univ, Sweden.
    Södermark, Martin
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för samhällsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten.
    Hesser, Hugo
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, Psykologi. Linköpings universitet, Filosofiska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Öron- näsa- och halskliniken.
    Flink, Ida K.
    Orebro Univ, Sweden.
    Gerdle, Björn
    Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, Avdelningen för samhällsmedicin. Linköpings universitet, Medicinska fakulteten. Region Östergötland, Sinnescentrum, Smärt och rehabiliteringscentrum.
    Linton, Steven J.
    Orebro Univ, Sweden.
    Efficacy of a transdiagnostic emotion-focused exposure treatment for chronic pain patients with comorbid anxiety and depression: a randomized controlled trial2019Inngår i: Pain, ISSN 0304-3959, E-ISSN 1872-6623, Vol. 160, nr 8, s. 1708-1718Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The comorbidity between chronic pain and emotional problems has proven difficult to address with current treatment options. This study addresses the efficacy of a transdiagnostic emotion-focused exposure treatment ("hybrid") for chronic pain patients with comorbid emotional problems. Adults (n = 115) with chronic musculoskeletal pain and functional and emotional problems were included in a 2-centre, parallel randomized controlled, open-label trial comparing this treatment to an active control condition receiving a guided Internet-delivered pain management treatment based on CBT principles (iCBT). The hybrid treatment (n = 58, 10-16 sessions) integrates exposure in vivo for chronic pain based on the fear-avoidance model with an emotion-regulation approach informed by procedures in Dialectical Behavior Therapy. The iCBT (n = 57; 8 treatment modules) addresses topics such as pain education, coping strategies, relaxation, problem solving, stress, and sleep management using standard CBT techniques. Patient-reported outcomes were assessed before and after treatment as well as at a 9-month primary end point. Across conditions, 78% participants completed post-treatment and 81% follow-up assessment. Intent-to-treat analyses showed that the hybrid had a significantly better post-treatment outcome on pain catastrophizing (d = 0.39) and pain interference (d = 0.63) and significantly better follow-up outcomes on depression (d = 0.43) and pain interference (d = 0.51). There were no differences on anxiety and pain intensity. Observed proportions of clinically significant improvement favoured the hybrid on all but one comparison, but no statistically significant differences were observed. We conclude that the hybrid emotion-focused treatment may be considered an acceptable, credible, and efficacious treatment option for chronic pain patients with comorbid emotional problems.

  • 144.
    Bogefeldt, Johan
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi.
    Low Back Pain: With Special Reference to Prevalence, Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis2009Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives. Ascertain if there has been a secular trend in 3-months prevalence of casually reported back pain. Evaluate if such back pain predicts concurrent health as well as future sick leave, disability pension, hospitalization and survival. Study differences in diagnostic assessment and labelling between physicians. Evaluate if a comprehensive manual therapy programme reduces sickness absence.

    Materials and methods. Combined population samples from 1973 to 2003 with a total of 12,891 observations with self-reported back pain and covariates. 7,074 of these individuals were followed for an average of 8.5 years and outcomes were self-reported health as well as official register data on sick leave, disability pension, hospitalisation and mortality. The Gotland Low Back Pain Study, a randomised controlled trial with participation of two general practitioners and two orthopaedic surgeons treating 160 patients with acute/subacute low back pain, with 10 weeks diagnostic evaluation and treatment and a two-year follow up.

    Results. Back pain prevalence increased 16% per ten years (OR 1.16, 95%CI 1.11-1.22). Back pain was negatively associated with self-rated health (p<0.0001), increased the risk of disability pension (p<0.002), and hospital admissions (p<0.0005), but not number of days in hospital, sick leave or mortality. General practitioners used terms from manual medicine and reported more pseudoradicular pain, while orthopaedic surgeons used non-specific pain labels, reported more true radicular pain and used more x-ray examinations. Among those on sick leave at baseline, manual therapy patients showed faster return to work (HR 1.62, 95%CI 1.006–2.60) and a lower point-prevalence of sick leave than reference patients at end of treatment period (ratio 0.35, 95% CI 0.13–0.97) but not after two years.

    Conclusions. There was a strong secular trend towards increase in self-reported back pain from 1973 to 2003. Such pain had a negative effect on some of the health outcomes and does not appear to be harmless. Physicians from different specialities labelled the condition differently. The manual therapy programme proved to be more effective than the established treatment regarding return to work.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 145.
    Bogefeldt, Johan P
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi.
    Grunnesjö, Marie I
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi.
    Svärdsudd, Kurt F
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi.
    Blomberg, Stefan I E
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi.
    Sick leave reductions from a comprehensive manual therapy programme for low back pain: the Gotland Low Back Pain Study2008Inngår i: Clinical Rehabilitation, ISSN 0269-2155, E-ISSN 1477-0873, Vol. 22, nr 6, s. 529-41Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if a comprehensive manual therapy programme reduces sick leave due low back pain and facilitates return to work more than the conventional optimized activating care. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial over a 10-week period with a two-year follow-up. SETTING: Primary health care and Visby Hospital, Municipality of Gotland, Sweden. SUBJECTS: One hundred and sixty patients (70 women, 90 men, ages 20-55 years) with acute or subacute low back pain with or without pain radiation into the legs. INTERVENTIONS: Standardized optimized activating care (n = 71) versus a comprehensive pragmatic manual therapy programme including specific corticosteroid injections (n = 89). MAIN MEASURES: Sick leave measured as net sick leave volume, point prevalence and return to work. RESULTS: After 10 weeks, significantly more manual therapy patients than reference patients had returned to work (hazards ratio 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.006-2.60, P<0.05), and among those on sick leave at baseline, significantly fewer were still on sick leave (8/58 versus 13/40, ratio 0.35, 95% CI 0.13-0.97, P<0.05). For all other measures there were inconclusive differences in favour of the manual therapy group. No significant differences remained after two years. CONCLUSIONS: The manual therapy programme used in this study decreased sick leave and increased return to work more than the standardized optimized activating care only up to 10 weeks but not up to two years.

  • 146.
    Bogefeldt, Johan P
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi.
    Wallman, Thorne
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi. Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, centrumbildningar mm, Centrum för klinisk forskning i D län (CKFD).
    Eriksson, Margaretha
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi.
    Welin, Lennart
    Department of Heart and Lung Diseases, Sahlgren Academy.
    Eriksson, Henry
    Department of Heart and Lung Diseases, Sahlgren Academy.
    Johansson, Saga
    Department of Heart and Lung Diseases, Sahlgren Academy OCH Department of Epidemiology, AstraZeneca R6D, Mölndal , Sweden.
    Grunnesjö, Marie I
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi.
    Svärdsudd, Kurt F
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi.
    Age and time trends in back pain prevalence among men and women sampled from the general populationManuskript (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 147.
    Bojner Horwitz, Eva
    Uppsala universitet, Medicinska och farmaceutiska vetenskapsområdet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, Allmänmedicin och preventivmedicin. Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för musik, pedagogik och samhälle.
    The interplay between chamber musicians -: a novel methodology using the concept of flow2020Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 148.
    Boman, Kurt
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin. Departments of Internal Medicine and Geriatric medicine, Skellefteå Hospital, Skellefteå.
    On the clinical use of digitalis: with reference to its prescription, maintenance therapy, intoxication and the patient's knowledge1983Doktoravhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    Digitalis in one of the most frequently prescribed drugs, especially to elderly people. The prescription of cardiac glucosides (1978) was studied by using statistics from Apoteksbolaget (the National Corpora­tion of Swedish Pharmacies). There was a threefold difference in the sales of cardiac glucosides per 1000 inhabitants in the different primary care areas. Digoxin was prescribed to 90-98 per cent of the patients, with considerable variations in the dosages. Many other factors besides the cardio-vascular morbidity were likely to cause these differences.

    Maintenance digitalis therapy has lately been questioned. In a retro­spective study, digitalis was discontinued in 141 geriatric patients without contraindications to digitalis withdrawal. Digoxin treatment seemed to be unnecessary in 108 patients (81 per cent), followed up two months after digoxin withdrawal. A long-term study (mean: 20,5 months) was carried out in these 108 patients. Digitalis therapy was reinstituted in 30 of 99 patients, equally distributed on the basis of clear, possible or uncertain indications. Significantly more patients (p< 0,001) with atrial fibrillation compared with sinus rhythm were restarted. A prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo- controlled study in 39 out of 66 geriatric patients confirmed the results of the retrospective study. During a two-month period 32 of 37 patients (86 per cent) managed without digitalis. Eighteen out of 66 patients (27 per cent) presented contraindications to digoxin with­drawal. Those who needed digitalis were restarted mainly during the first nonth (mean: 18 days) following digoxin withdrawal.

    Digitalis intoxication has been studied earlier, mainly in hospitalized patients. A clinical examination and ECG of a random sample of out­patients treated with digoxin shewed that about 5 per cent were certainly intoxicated and about 2 per cent suspected of being intoxi­cated.

    Elderly patients are said to be more sensitive to digitalis. Eleven per cent of 66 geriatric patients were found, without doubt, to be digitalis intoxicated. The mean serum digoxin concentration was significantly higher in eight toxic patients compared with non-toxic patients, but 75 per cent of the toxic patients had serum digoxin con­centrations within or below therapeutic range. Five of these intoxi­cated patients did not need maintenance digitalis therapy.

    A questionnaire of 361 patients in Skellefteå and Uppsala revealed that about 45 per cent had taken digitalis for more than five years. Approximately 85 per cent took one tablet daily and stated compliance. About one fifth did not know why they were taking digoxin and about half of the patients were uncertain if they were improved, by digitalis therapy. Although digitalis intoxication is such an important clinical problem, some 55 per cent did not know about digitalis's side-effects and some 50 per cent stated that no or insufficient information had been given. Only 15 per cent were satisfied with the information they had received. A significant negative correlation between digoxin dosages and the age of the patients was found.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    On the clinical use of digitalis
  • 149.
    Boman, Kurt
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Brenander, Andre
    Gustavsson, Mats
    Furberg, Curt D
    A pilot test of a new tool for remote blood pressure monitoring2014Inngår i: Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare, ISSN 1357-633X, E-ISSN 1758-1109, Vol. 20, nr 5, s. 239-241Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    We conducted a pilot trial of a remote blood pressure (BP) monitoring system, in which subjects measured their own BP at a primary healthcare centre. The data were wirelessly transmitted to the general practitioner. A total of 132 subjects with a new or prior diagnosis of hypertension were enrolled. Their mean age was 61 years and 77 were men (58%). They were followed for an average of 487 days (range 19-1110). The median number of BP measurements made was 6 per patient (range 2-49). The mean blood pressure decreased from 137/85 to 132/78 mmHg (P < 0.001) and the percentage of subjects with adequately controlled BP (defined as < 140/90 mmHg) increased from 47 to 66% (P < 0.01). Randomised trials are now required to confirm these findings.

  • 150.
    Boman, Tomas
    et al.
    Department of Social Work and Psychology, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden; Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Kjellberg, Anders
    Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
    Danermark, Berth
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap och medicin. Swedish Institute for Disability Research.
    Boman, Eva
    Department of Social Work and Psychology, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
    Employment opportunities for persons with different types of disability2015Inngår i: Alter;European Journal of Disability Research ;Journal Europeen de Recherche Sur le Handicap, ISSN 1875-0672, E-ISSN 1875-0680, Vol. 9, nr 2, s. 116-129Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The employment status of groups with different disabilities was analysed as were potentially important moderating factors (work ability, structural and individual factors). A secondary analysis was performed on 4359 respondents with disabilities from Statistics Sweden's Labour Market Investigation. The respondents were divided into six disability groups (communicative-hearing, communicative-speech-reading, communicative-vision, psychological disability, medical disability, physical disability). Logistic regression analyses showed that the probability of being employed was highest among respondents with hearing disabilities and respondents with psychological disabilities were least likely to be employed. Being a woman (very young or old) with only primary education and with partially or very impaired work ability, reduced employment opportunities. Higher education did not increase employment opportunities for respondents with impaired workability. In summary, the type of disability is essential for employment opportunities, and differences between disability groups cannot be explained by differences in other variables. The moderating factors studied were found to be of equal importance in all groups.

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