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  • 101. Arnason, Johann
    et al.
    Wittrock, Björn
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Introduction2005In: Axial Civilizations and World History Book Series / [ed] Árnason, J. Eisenstadt, S. N., Wittrock, B., Leiden: Brill , 2005, Vol. 10, no 1-3, p. 1-10Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 102. Arnason, Johann
    et al.
    Wittrock, Björn
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Introduction2004In: Medieval Encounters, Vol. 10, no 1-3, p. 1-10Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 103.
    Arnqvist, Göran
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology.
    Grieshop, Karl
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
    Hotzy, Cosima
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology.
    Rönn, Johanna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology.
    Polak, Michal
    Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
    Rowe, Locke
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
    Direct and indirect effects of male genital elaboration in female seed beetles2021In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences, ISSN 0962-8452, E-ISSN 1471-2954, Vol. 288, no 1954, article id 20211068Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Our understanding of coevolution between male genitalia and female traits remains incomplete. This is perhaps especially true for genital traits that cause internal injuries in females, such as the spiny genitalia of seed beetles where males with relatively long spines enjoy a high relative fertilization success. We report on a new set of experiments, based on extant selection lines, aimed at assessing the effects of long male spines on females in Callosobruchus maculatus . We first draw on an earlier study using microscale laser surgery, and demonstrate that genital spines have a direct negative (sexually antagonistic) effect on female fecundity. We then ask whether artificial selection for long versus short spines resulted in direct or indirect effects on female lifetime offspring production. Reference females mating with males from long-spine lines had higher offspring production, presumably due to an elevated allocation in males to those ejaculate components that are beneficial to females. Remarkably, selection for long male genital spines also resulted in an evolutionary increase in female offspring production as a correlated response. Our findings thus suggest that female traits that affect their response to male spines are both under direct selection to minimize harm but are also under indirect selection (a good genes effect), consistent with the evolution of mating and fertilization biases being affected by several simultaneous processes.

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  • 104.
    Arnqvist, Göran
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Animal ecology.
    Rowe, Locke
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada.
    Ecology, the pace‐of‐life, epistatic selection and the maintenance of genetic variation in life‐history genes2023In: Molecular Ecology, ISSN 0962-1083, E-ISSN 1365-294X, Vol. 32, no 17, p. 4713-4724Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Evolutionary genetics has long struggled with understanding how functional genes under selection remain polymorphic in natural populations. Taking as a starting point that natural selection is ultimately a manifestation of ecological processes, we spotlight an underemphasized and potentially ubiquitous ecological effect that may have fundamental effects on the maintenance of genetic variation. Negative frequency dependency is a well-established emergent property of density dependence in ecology, because the relative profitability of different modes of exploiting or utilizing limiting resources tends to be inversely proportional to their frequency in a population. We suggest that this may often generate negative frequency-dependent selection (NFDS) on major effect loci that affect rate-dependent physiological processes, such as metabolic rate, that are phenotypically manifested as polymorphism in pace-of-life syndromes. When such a locus under NFDS shows stable intermediate frequency polymorphism, this should generate epistatic selection potentially involving large numbers of loci with more minor effects on life-history (LH) traits. When alternative alleles at such loci show sign epistasis with a major effect locus, this associative NFDS will promote the maintenance of polygenic variation in LH genes. We provide examples of the kind of major effect loci that could be involved and suggest empirical avenues that may better inform us on the importance and reach of this process.

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  • 105.
    Arrhenius, Gustaf
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    Desert as Fit: An Axiomatic Analysis2006In: The Good, the Right, Life and Death: Essays in Honor of Fred Feldman / [ed] Richard Feldman, Kris McDaniel, Jason R. Raibley, Michael J. Zimmerman, Aldershot: Ashgate , 2006, p. 3-17Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 106.
    Arrhenius, Gustaf
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    Egalitarianism and Population Change2009In: Intergenerational Justice / [ed] Axel Gosseries, Lukas H. Meyer, Oxford University Press , 2009, p. 325-348Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 107.
    Arrhenius, Gustaf
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    Superiority in Value2005In: Recent Work on Intrinsic Value / [ed] Toni Rønnow-Rasmussen, Michael J. Zimmerman, Springer , 2005, p. 291-304Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 108.
    Arrhenius, Gustaf
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    Rabinowicz, Wlodek
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Better to Be than not to Be?2010In: The Benefit of Broad Horizons: intellectual and institutional preconditions for a global social science: festschrift for Björn Wittrock on the occasion of his 65th birthday / [ed] Hans Joas, Barbro Klein, Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers , 2010, p. 399-414Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 109.
    Arrhenius, Gustaf
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    Rabinowicz, Wlodek
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Millian Superiorities2005In: Utilitas, ISSN 0953-8208, E-ISSN 1741-6183, Vol. 17, no 2, p. 127-146Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Suppose one sets up a sequence of less and less valuable objects such that each object in the sequence is only marginally worse than its immediate predecessor. Could one in this way arrive at something that is dramatically inferior to the point of departure? It has been claimed that if there is a radical value difference between the objects at each end of the sequence, then at some point there must be a corresponding radical difference between the adjacent elements. The underlying picture seems to be that a radical gap cannot be scaled by a series of steps, if none of the steps itself is radical. We show that this picture is incorrect on a stronger interpretation of value superiority, but correct on a weaker one. Thus, the conclusion we reach is that, in some sense at least, abrupt breaks in such decreasing sequences cannot be avoided, but that such unavoidable breaks are less drastic than has been suggested. In an appendix written by John Broome and Wlodek Rabinowicz, the distinction between two kinds of value superiority is extended from objects to their attributes.

  • 110.
    Arrhenius, Gustaf
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    Rabinowicz, Wlodek
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Lunds Universitet.
    The Value of Existence2015In: Oxford Handbook of Value Theory / [ed] I. Hirose and J. Olson, New York: Oxford University Press , 2015, p. 424-444Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 111.
    Arrhenius, Gustaf
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    Rabinowicz, Wlodek
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Value and Unacceptable Risk: Temkin’s Worries about Continuity Reconsidered2005In: Economics and Philosophy, ISSN 0266-2671, E-ISSN 1474-0028, Vol. 21, no 2, p. 177-197Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Consider a transitive value ordering of outcomes and lotteries on outcomes, which satisfies substitutivity of equivalents and obeys “continuity for easy cases,” i.e., allows compensating risks of small losses by chances of small improvements. Temkin (2001) has argued that such an ordering must also – rather counter-intuitively – allow chances of small improvements to compensate risks of huge losses. In this paper, we show that Temkin's argument is flawed but that a better proof is possible. However, it is more difficult to determine what conclusions should be drawn from this result. Contrary to what Temkin suggests, substitutivity of equivalents is a notoriously controversial principle. But even in the absence of substitutivity, the counter-intuitive conclusion is derivable from a strengthened version of continuity for easy cases. The best move, therefore, might be to question the latter principle, even in its original simple version: as we argue, continuity for easy cases gives rise to a sorites.

  • 112.
    Arrhenius, Gustaf
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    Ryberg, Jesper
    Tännsjö, Torbjörn
    Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    The Repugnant Conclusion2017In: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, E-ISSN 1095-5054Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In Derek Parfit’s original formulation the Repugnant Conclusion is stated as follows: “For any possible population of at least ten billion people, all with a very high quality of life, there must be some much larger imaginable population whose existence, if other things are equal, would be better even though its members have lives that are barely worth living” (Parfit 1984). The Repugnant Conclusion highlights a problem in an area of ethics which has become known as population ethics. The last three decades have witnessed an increasing philosophical interest in questions such as “Is it possible to make the world a better place by creating additional happy people?” and “Is there a moral obligation to have children?” The main problem has been to find an adequate theory about the moral value of states of affairs where the number of people, the quality of their lives (or their life-time welfare or well-being - we shall use these terms interchangeably here), and their identities may vary. Since, arguably, any reasonable moral theory has to take these aspects of possible states of affairs into account when determining the normative status of actions, the study of population ethics is of general import for moral theory. As the name indicates, Parfit finds the Repugnant Conclusion unacceptable and many philosophers agree. However, it has been surprisingly difficult to find a theory that avoids the Repugnant Conclusion without implying other equally counterintuitive conclusions. Thus, the question as to how the Repugnant Conclusion should be dealt with and, more generally, what it shows about the nature of ethics has turned the conclusion into one of the cardinal challenges of modern ethics.

  • 113.
    Arvidsson, Caroline
    et al.
    Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pagmar, David
    Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Uddén, Julia
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Department of Linguistics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    When did you stop speaking to yourself?: Age-related differences in adolescents' world knowledge-based audience design2022In: Royal Society Open Science, E-ISSN 2054-5703, Vol. 9, no 11, article id 220305Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The ability to adapt utterances to the world knowledge of one’s addressee is undeniably ubiquitous in human social cognition, but its development and association with other cognitive mechanisms during adolescence have not been studied. In an online production task, we measured the ability of children entering adolescence (ages 11–12, M = 11.8, N=29, 17 girls) and adolescents (ages 15–16, M = 15.9, N=29, 17 girls) to tailor referential expressions in accordance with the inferred world knowledge of their addressee—an ability we refer to as world knowledge-based audience design (AD). A post-test survey showed that both age groups held similar assumptions about the addressees’ knowledge of referents, but the younger age group did not consistently adapt their utterances in accordance with these assumptions during online production, resulting in a significantly improved AD behaviour across age groups. We also investigated the reliance of AD on executive functions (EF). Executive functioning (as reflected by performance on the Wisconsin card sorting task) increased significantly with age, but did not explain the age-related increase in AD performance. We thus provide evidence in support of an adolescent development of world knowledge-based AD over and above development of EF.

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  • 114.
    Ash, Amin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Lancione, Michele
    Grammars of the Urban Ground2022Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The contributors to Grammars of the Urban Ground develop a new conceptual framework and vocabulary for capturing the complex, ever-shifting, and interactive processes that shape contemporary cities. Building on Marxist, feminist, queer, and critical race theory as well as the ontological turn in urban studies, they propose a mode of analysis that resists the staple of siloed categories such as urban “economy,” “society,” and “politics.” In addition to addressing key concepts of urban studies such as dispossession and scale, the contributors examine the infrastructures of plutocratic life in London, reconfigure notions of gentrification as a process of racial banishment, and seek out alternative archives for knowledge about urban density. They also present case studies of city life in the margins and peripheries of São Paulo, Kinshasa, Nairobi, and Jakarta. In so doing, they offer a foundation for better understanding the connective and aggregative forces of city-making and the entanglements and relations that constitute cities and their everyday politics.

  • 115. Asker, Andrea S.
    et al.
    Stefánsson, H. Orri
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Collective Responses to Covid-19 and Climate Change2021In: Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics, E-ISSN 1876-9098, Vol. 14, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Both individuals and governments around the world have willingly sacrificed a great deal to meet the collective action problem posed by Covid-19. This has provided some commentators with newfound hope about the possibility that we will be able to solve what is arguably the greatest collective action problem of all time: global climate change. In this paper we argue that this is overly optimistic. We defend two main claims. First, these two collective action problems are so different that the actions that individuals have taken to try to solve the problem posed by Covid-19 unfortunately provide little indication that we will be able to solve the problem posed by climate change. Second, the actions that states have taken in response to Covid-19 might—if anything—even be evidence that they will continue to fail to cooperate towards a solution to the climate crisis.

  • 116. Askjær, Thomas Gravgaard
    et al.
    Zhang, Qiong
    Schenk, Frederik
    Charpentier Ljungqvist, Fredrik
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden; Department of History, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden.
    Lu, Zhengyao
    Brierley, Chris M.
    Hopcroft, Peter O.
    Jungclaus, Johann
    Shi, Xiaoxu
    Lohmann, Gerrit
    Sun, Weiyi
    Liu, Jian
    Braconnot, Pascale
    Otto-Bliesner, Bette L.
    Wu, Zhipeng
    Yin, Qiuzhen
    Kang, Yibo
    Yang, Haijun
    Multi-centennial Holocene climate variability in proxy records and transient model simulations2022In: Quaternary Science Reviews, ISSN 0277-3791, E-ISSN 1873-457X, Vol. 296, article id 107801Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Variability on centennial to multi-centennial timescales is mentioned as a feature in reconstructions of the Holocene climate. As more long transient model simulations with complex climate models become available and efforts have been made to compile large proxy databases, there is now a unique oppor-tunity to study multi-centennial variability with greater detail and a large amount of data than earlier. This paper presents a spectral analysis of transient Holocene simulations from 9 models and 120 proxy records to find the common signals related to oscillation periods and geographic dependencies and discuss the implications for the potential driving mechanisms. Multi-centennial variability is significant in most proxy records, with the dominant oscillation periods around 120-130 years and an average of 240 years. Spectra of model-based global mean temperature (GMT) agree well with proxy evidence with significant multi-centennial variability in all simulations with the dominant oscillation periods around 120-150 years. It indicates a comparatively good agreement between model and proxy data. A lack of latitudinal dependencies in terms of oscillation period is found in both the model and proxy data. However, all model simulations have the highest spectral density distributed over the Northern hemi-sphere high latitudes, which could indicate a particular variability sensitivity or potential driving mechanisms in this region. Five models also have differentiated forcings simulations with various combinations of forcing agents. Significant multi-centennial variability with oscillation periods between 100 and 200 years is found in all forcing scenarios, including those with only orbital forcing. The different forcings induce some variability in the system. Yet, none appear to be the predominant driver based on the spectral analysis. Solar irradiance has long been hypothesized to be a primary driver of multi -centennial variability. However, all the simulations without this forcing have shown significant multi -centennial variability. The results then indicate that internal mechanisms operate on multi-centennial timescales, and the North Atlantic-Arctic is a region of interest for this aspect.

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  • 117.
    Asseraf, Arthur
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Cambridge University; Pembroke College.
    Le désinformateur: Sur les traces de Messaoud Djebari, Algérien dans un monde colonial2022Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [fr]

    En pleine Belle Époque, Messaoud Djebari parvient à faire la une des journaux parisiens, et devient pour un temps l’Algérien le plus célèbre du monde. Revenu du Dahomey et du Nigéria, il aurait rencontré des survivants français d’une mission disparue. Mais son histoire soulève nombre de questions. Explorateur, interprète, militant, serait-il un menteur?

    Dans une enquête à la première personne, menée au fil de ses découvertes dans les archives, Arthur Asseraf retrace le destin de cet homme passé maître dans l’art de désinformer. Algérien au service de la France, Maghrébin en Afrique de l’Ouest, colonisé et impérialiste, ni résistant ni complice, l’énigmatique Djebari sème le doute dans l’esprit de l’historien. Et interroge sur la production de la vérité, au temps de la colonisation comme aujourd’hui.

  • 118.
    Asseraf, Arthur
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Return to Orléans: Racism, Rumor, and Social Scientists in 1960s France2024In: Comparative Studies in Society and History, ISSN 0010-4175, 1475-2999, p. 1-24Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    How did it become possible to think of a racism without racists? This article tackles this question by looking at the contested interpretation of a racist incident in France. In 1969, Jewish shop owners in Orléans were baselessly accused of kidnapping women in fitting rooms and trafficking them into sexual slavery. This antisemitic agitation rapidly attracted the attention of local authorities, national media, and social scientists, led by sociologist Edgar Morin. Morin’s study made these events into a famous case-study in disinformation, the “rumor of Orléans.” But Morin was only one of several actors who attributed different causes to racism in Orléans. All of them agreed that racism was a serious problem, but they could not agree on its causes. Compared to other incidents at the time which grabbed media attention, the uncertainty of events in Orléans allowed people to debate this. Morin’s contribution was to turn to communications and social psychology to deploy the concept of “rumor.” He dissolved the problem of racism into a problem of communication. This suggests that in order to understand the emergence of “racism without racists,” we have to pay close attention to the context in which theories emerged to make it thinkable, and to the relationship between analyses of racism and communication.

  • 119.
    Asseraf, Arthur
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Blanc, Guillaume
    Kisukidi, Yala
    Lamotte, Mélanie
    Colonisations: Notre histoire2023 (ed. 1)Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [fr]

    Réunissant plus de deux cent cinquante chercheuses et chercheurs issus du monde entier, ce livre nous invite à regarder la colonisation française en face, avec les yeux des colonisés et des colonisateurs. Les meilleurs spécialistes mettent à notre disposition une connaissance profondément renouvelée de la domination coloniale, de ses formes parfois surprenantes, de ses effets dévastateurs, de ses limites longtemps ignorées, ainsi que de ses rémanences actuelles.Dans une époque tout entière dominée par les questionnements identitaires et les affrontements mémoriels, ce livre collectif restitue de manière lucide, accessible et passionnante, la grande diversité et la complexité des situations coloniales en Afrique, en Asie, en Océanie et dans les Amériques.De la colonisation est née une histoire à la fois riche et violente, tissée d’innombrables échanges, qui fait de nous ce que nous sommes. Colonisés et colonisateurs ont été à la fois liés et transformés à jamais par cette expérience qui retrouve ici toute sa place – à bien des égards centrale – dans l’histoire de France.Pour déjouer les évidences et répondre aux interrogations contemporaines, cet ouvrage part du présent et remonte le fil du temps jusqu’aux sources méconnues du passé dit « précolonial ». En inscrivant le fait colonial français dans le temps long – du XXIe au XVe siècle – des relations entre la France et le reste du monde, cette histoire globale en appréhende les continuités, les ruptures et les singularités. Ainsi peut-être comprendrons-nous mieux qui nous sommes.

  • 120.
    Astenvald, Rebecka
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
    Frick, Matilda
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Neufeld, Janina
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Bölte, Sven
    Isaksson, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Karolinska Inst, Ctr Neurodev Disorders KIND, Ctr Psychiat Res, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden.;Stockholm Hlth Care Serv, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Emotion dysregulation in ADHD and other neurodevelopmental conditions: a co-twin control study2022In: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, E-ISSN 1753-2000, Vol. 16, article id 92Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Emotion dysregulation (ED) is common in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and often results in adverse outcomes. However, ED has been suggested as a transdiagnostic construct, why the specific association between ADHD and ED when adjusting for other mental health conditions needs further investigation. It is also important to determine the aetiological basis of the association between ADHD and ED to inform the theoretical conceptualization of ADHD.

    METHOD: This study used a co-twin control design, including a sample of dizygotic (DZ) and monozygotic (MZ) twins (N = 389; 45.8% females, age = 8-31 years, MZ twin pairs 57.6%). ED was assessed using the dysregulation profile from the parent-rated Child Behaviour Checklist and its adult version. Regression analyses were used across individuals and within the pairs, while adjusting for diagnoses of autism, intellectual disability, other neurodevelopmental conditions and affective conditions.

    RESULTS: ADHD was significantly associated with ED, even when adjusting for age, sex, attention problems and other mental health conditions, and was the diagnosis most strongly associated with ED. Within-pair analyses revealed that twins with ADHD had higher levels of ED compared to their co-twin without ADHD. This association remained within DZ twins and was non-significant in the MZ subsample, with non-overlapping confidence intervals between the DZ and MZ estimates.

    CONCLUSION: ADHD is strongly and in part independently linked to ED, stressing the importance of early detection and treatment of emotional difficulties within this group. The findings from the within-pair analyses indicate a genetic influence on the association between ADHD and ED.

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  • 121. Austin, Duncan
    et al.
    Conselice, Christopher J.
    Adams, Nathan J.
    Harvey, Thomas
    Duan, Qiao
    Trussler, James
    Li, Qiong
    Juodzbalis, Ignas
    Ormerod, Katherine
    Ferreira, Leonardo
    Westcott, Lewi
    Harris, Honor
    Wilkins, Stephen M.
    Bhatawdekar, Rachana
    Caruana, Joseph
    Coe, Dan
    Cohen, Seth H.
    Driver, Simon P.
    D’Silva, Jordan C. J.
    Frye, Brenda
    Furtak, Lukas J.
    Grogin, Norman A.
    Hathi, Nimish P.
    Holwerda, Benne W.
    Jansen, Rolf A.
    Koekemoer, Anton M.
    Marshall, Madeline A.
    Nonino, Mario
    Ortiz, Rafael
    Pirzkal, Nor
    Robotham, Aaron
    Ryan, Russell E.
    Summers, Jake
    Willmer, Christopher N. A.
    Windhorst, Rogier A.
    Yan, Haojing
    Zackrisson, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Observational Astronomy. Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    EPOCHS III: Unbiased UV continuum slopes at 6.52024Other (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We present an analysis of rest-frame UV continuum slopes, β, using a sample of 1011 galaxies at 6.5<z<13 from the EPOCHS photometric sample collated from the GTO PEARLS and public ERS/GTO/GO (JADES, CEERS, NGDEEP, GLASS) JWST NIRCam imaging across 178.9 arcmin2 of unmasked blank sky. We correct our UV slopes for the photometric error coupling bias using 200,000 power law SEDs for each β={−1,−1.5,−2,−2.5,−3} in each field, finding biases as large as Δβ≃−0.55 for the lowest SNR galaxies in our sample. Additionally, we simulate the impact of rest-UV line emission (including Lyα) and damped Lyα systems on our measured β, finding biases as large as 0.5−0.6 for the most extreme systems. We find a decreasing trend with redshift of β=−1.51±0.08−(0.097±0.010)×z, with potential evidence for Pop.~III stars or top-heavy initial mass functions (IMFs) in a subsample of 68 β+σβ<−2.8 galaxies. At z≃11.5, we measure an extremely blue β(MUV=−19)=−2.73±0.06, deviating from simulations, indicative of low-metallicity galaxies with non-zero Lyman continuum escape fractions fesc,LyC≳0 and minimal dust content. The observed steepening of dβ/dlog10(M⋆/M⊙) from 0.22±0.02 at z=7 to 0.81±0.13 at z=11.5 implies that dust produced in core-collapse supernovae (SNe) at early times may be ejected via outflows from low mass galaxies. We also observe a flatter dβ/dMUV=0.03±0.02 at z=7 and a shallower dβ/dlog10(M⋆/M⊙) at z<11 than seen by HST, unveiling a new population of low mass, faint, galaxies reddened by dust produced in the stellar winds of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars or carbon-rich Wolf-Rayet binaries. 

  • 122. Baehr, Peter R.
    et al.
    Wittrock, Björn
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Futures studies and policy analysis in the political process: patterns, problems, and potentials: a workshop organised by the European consortium for political research, Brussels, 17–21 April 19791979In: Futures, Vol. 11, no 4, p. 360-361Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 123. Baier, Tina
    et al.
    Lang, Volker
    Grätz, Michael
    Barclay, Kieron J
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm.
    Conley, Dalton C
    Dawes, Christopher T
    Laidley, Thomas
    Lyngstad, Torkild H
    Genetic Influences on Educational Achievement in Cross-National Perspective2022In: European Sociological Review, ISSN 0266-7215, Vol. 38, no 6, p. 959-974Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There is a growing interest in how social conditions moderate genetic influences on education [gene–environment interactions (GxE)]. Previous research has focused on the family, specifically parents’ social background, and has neglected the institutional environment. To assess the impact of macro-level influences, we compare genetic influences on educational achievement and their social stratification across Germany, Norway, Sweden, and the United States. We combine well-established GxE-conceptualizations with the comparative stratification literature and propose that educational systems and welfare-state regimes affect the realization of genetic potential. We analyse population-representative survey data on twins (Germany and the United States) and twin registers (Norway and Sweden), and estimate genetically sensitive variance decomposition models. Our comparative design yields three main findings. First, Germany stands out with comparatively weak genetic influences on educational achievement suggesting that early tracking limits the realization thereof. Second, in the United States genetic influences are comparatively strong and similar in size compared to the Nordic countries. Third, in Sweden genetic influences are stronger among disadvantaged families supporting the expectation that challenging and uncertain circumstances promote genetic expression. This ideosyncratic finding must be related to features of Swedish social institutions or welfare-state arrangements that are not found in otherwise similar countries.

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  • 124.
    Balkenius, Christian
    et al.
    Lund Univ Cognit Sci, Lund, Sweden.
    Fawcett, Christine
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Falck-Ytter, Terje
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Gredebäck, Gustaf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Johansson, Birger
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Lund Univ Cognit Sci, Lund, Sweden.
    Pupillary Correlates of Emotion and Cognition: A Computational Model2019In: 2019 9th International IEEE/EMBS Conference On Neural Engineering (NER), IEEE, 2019, p. 903-907Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In addition to controlling the influx of light to the retina, the pupil also reacts as a result of cognitive and emotional processing. This makes it possible to use pupil dilation as an index for cognitive effort and emotional arousal. We show how an extended version of a computational model of pupil dilation can account for pupillary contagion effects where the pupil of an observer dilates upon seeing another person with dilated pupils. We also show how the model can reproduce the effects of cognitive effort in a math exercise. Furthermore, we investigate how the model can account for different explanations for the abnormal pupil response seen in individuals with or at risk for autism spectrum disorder. The reported computer simulations illustrate the usefulness of system-level models of the brain in addressing complex cognitive and emotional phenomena.

  • 125.
    Balzamo, Elena
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Autour du conte: neuf études2016Book (Other academic)
  • 126.
    Balzamo, Elena
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Den osynlige ärkebiskopen: essäer om Olaus Magnus2015Book (Refereed)
  • 127.
    Balzamo, Elena
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    "Den skönaste utsikt ...": minnen från mitt vistande i Afrika II: Alger 1826, 1827, 1828 och 18292021Book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Julius Lagerheim (1786-1868) tjänstgjorde som svensk-norsk generalkonsul i Alger, där han vistades mellan 1826 och 1829, just innan staden intogs av franska trupper och koloniseringen av landet började. Hans berättelse utgör ett fängslande vittnesmål om det kritiska diplomatiska läget, om landet och dess invånare, om konflikter och nöjen, fest och vardag, och mycket mer

  • 128.
    Balzamo, Elena
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Flanörens världsbild2014Collection (editor) (Refereed)
  • 129.
    Balzamo, Elena
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    "Je suis un vrai diable": dix essais sur Strindberg2014Book (Refereed)
  • 130.
    Balzamo, Elena
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Julius Lagerheim. Minnen från mitt vistande i Afrika. Marocko 1831 och 1832.: Upptäckt och utgivet av Elena Balzamo2018Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 131.
    Balzamo, Elena
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Julius Lagerheim, Souvenirs de mon séjour en Afrique. Maroc 1831 & 18322020Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 132. Baranowska-Rataj, Anna
    et al.
    Barclay, Kieron
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Institute for Demographic Research;3 London School of Economics and Political Science;4 Stockholm University.
    Costa-Font, Joan
    Myrskylä, Mikko
    Özcan, Berkay
    Preterm birth and educational disadvantage: Heterogeneous effects2022In: Population Studies, ISSN 0032-4728, 1477-4747, p. 1-16Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in advanced economies, evidence about the consequences of prematurity in later life is limited. Using Swedish registers for cohorts born 1982–94 (N  =  1,087,750), we examine the effects of preterm birth on school grades at age 16 using sibling fixed effects models. We further examine how school grades are affected by degree of prematurity and the compensating roles of family socio-economic resources and characteristics of school districts. Our results show that the negative effects of preterm birth are observed mostly among children born extremely preterm (<28 weeks); children born moderately preterm (32–<37 weeks) suffer no ill effects. We do not find any evidence for a moderating effect of parental socio-economic resources. Children born extremely preterm and in the top decile of school districts achieve as good grades as children born at full term in an average school district.

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  • 133.
    Barclay, Kieron
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany; Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Donrovich Thorén, Robyn
    Centre for Sociological Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
    Hanson, Heidi A.
    Population Science, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
    Smith, Ken
    Population Science, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
    The Effects of Marital Status, Fertility, and Bereavement on Adult Mortality in Polygamous and Monogamous Households: Evidence From the Utah Population Database2020In: Demography, ISSN 0070-3370, E-ISSN 1533-7790, Vol. 57, p. 2169-2198Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although the associations among marital status, fertility, bereavement, and adult mortality have been widely studied, much less is known about these associations in polygamous households, which remain prevalent across much of the world. We use data from the Utah Population Database on 110,890 women and 106,979 men born up to 1900, with mortality follow-up into the twentieth century. We examine how the number of wife deaths affects male mortality in polygamous marriages, how sister wife deaths affect female mortality in polygamous marriages relative to the death of a husband, and how marriage order affects the mortality of women in polygamous marriages. We also examine how the number of children ever born and child deaths affect the mortality of men and women as well as variation across monogamous and polygamous unions. Our analyses of women show that the death of a husband and the death of a sister wife have similar effects on mortality. Marriage order does not play a role in the mortality of women in polygamous marriages. For men, the death of one wife in a polygamous marriage increases mortality to a lesser extent than it does for men in monogamous marriages. For polygamous men, losing additional wives has a dose-response effect. Both child deaths and lower fertility are associated with higher mortality. We consistently find that the presence of other kin in the household—whether a second wife, a sister wife, or children—mitigates the negative effects of bereavement.

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  • 134.
    Barclay, Kieron
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Hällsten, Martin
    Does the impact of parental death vary by parental socioeconomic status?: A study of children’s educational and occupational attainment2022In: Journal of Marriage and Family, ISSN 0022-2445, E-ISSN 1741-3737, Vol. 84, no 1, p. 141-164Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

      Objective

    We examine whether parental death differentially affects educational and occupational attainment by the socioeconomic status of the parent who dies and the socioeconomic status of the surviving parent and extended kin.

    Background

    An extensive literature has explored the main effect of parental death on offspring attainment, but few studies have examined socioeconomic differentials in the impact of parental death. Understanding the potential role of socioeconomic resources in compensating for disadvantage is important for understanding whether parental death and disadvantageous events more generally have an equalizing or exacerbating effect on socioeconomic differences in offspring socioeconomic attainment.

    Method

    Using Swedish population register data on cohorts born 1973–1982, grade point average at age 16, the transition from lower to upper-secondary education, the transition to tertiary education, overall educational attainment, and occupational status by age 30 was examined. Families using antemortem parental socioeconomic trajectories were matched. Sibling fixed effects models were also employed.

    Results

    Inconsistent results in between-family regression analyses adjusting for observables were observed. In sibling fixed effects models, zero results for moderation by parents' occupations were shown.

    Conclusion

    Little clear or convincing evidence that there are socioeconomic differentials in the impact of parental death in Sweden were found.

    Implications

    The Swedish welfare state may reduce socioeconomic differentials in the impact of parental death. However, the lack of socioeconomic variation may also be influenced by factors such as compensatory agency.

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  • 135.
    Barclay, Kieron
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Mecklenburg‐Vorpommern, Germany; Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden,.
    Kolk, Martin
    Demography Unit, Department of Sociology and Center for the Study of Cultural Evolution, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute for Futures Studies, Stockholm, Sweden..
    The influence of health in early adulthood on male fertility2020In: Population and Development Review, ISSN 0098-7921, E-ISSN 1728-4457, Vol. 46, no 4, p. 757-785Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite the large literature examining predictors of fertility, previous research has not offered a population-level perspective on how health in early adulthood is related to male fertility. Using Swedish population and military conscription registers, we study how body mass index (BMI), physical fitness and height are associated with total fertility and parity transitions by 2012 among 405,427 Swedish men born 1965-1972, meaning we observe fertility up to age 40 or older. Applying linear regression and sibling fixed effects, we find that these anthropometric measures are strong predictors of fertility, even after accounting for education and cumulative income. Men with a ‘normal’ BMI and in the highest decile of physical fitness have the most children. Men who were obese at ages 17-20 had a relative probability of childlessness almost twice as high as men who had a ‘normal’ BMI, and men in the bottom decile of physical fitness had a relatively probability of childlessness more than 50% higher than men in the top decile. In sibling comparison models the tallest men have the most children and men in the lowest two deciles of height have significantly lower fertility. Further analyses show that the strong associations persist even among men who married.

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  • 136.
    Barclay, Kieron
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research , 18057 Rostock, Germany.
    Lyngstad, Torkild
    Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo.
    Conley, Dalton
    Department of Sociology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; National Bureau for Economic Research, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
    The Production of Inequalities within Families and across Generations: The Intergenerational Effects of Birth Order on Educational Attainment2021In: European Sociological Review, ISSN 0266-7215, E-ISSN 1468-2672, Vol. 37, no 4, p. 607-625Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There has long been interest in the extent to which effects of social stratification extend and persist across generations. We take a novel approach to this question by asking whether birth order in the parental generation influences the educational attainment of their children. To address this question, we use Swedish population data on cohorts born 1960–1982. To study the effects of parental birth order, we use cousin fixed effects comparisons. In analyses where we compare cousins who share the same biological grandparents to adjust for unobserved factors in the extended family, we find that having a later-born parent reduces educational attainment to a small extent. For example, a second- or fifth-born mother reduces educational attainment by 0.09 and 0.18 years, respectively, while having a second- or fifth-born father reduces educational attainment by 0.04 and 0.11 years, respectively. After adjusting for attained parental education and social class, the parental birth order effect is practically attenuated to zero. Overall our results suggest that parental birth order influences offspring educational and socioeconomic outcomes through the parents own educational and socioeconomic attainment. We cautiously suggest that parental birth order may have potential as an instrument for parental socioeconomic status in social stratification research more generally.

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  • 137.
    Barclay, Kieron
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.
    Smith, Ken R.
    Birth Spacing and Health and Socioeconomic Outcomes Across the Life Course: Evidence From the Utah Population Database2022In: Demography, ISSN 0070-3370, Vol. 59, no 3, p. 1117-1142Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The relationship between birth interval length and child outcomes has received increased attention in recent years, but few studies have examined offspring outcomes across the life course in North America. We use data from the Utah Population Database to examine the relationship between birth intervals and short- and long-term outcomes: preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), infant mortality, college degree attainment, occupational status, and adult mortality. Using linear regression, linear probability models, and survival analysis, we compare results from models with and without sibling comparisons. Children born after a birth interval of 9–12 months have a higher probability of LBW, preterm birth, and infant mortality both with and without sibling comparisons; longer intervals are associated with a lower probability of these outcomes. Short intervals before the birth of the next youngest sibling are also associated with LBW, preterm birth, and infant mortality both with and without sibling comparisons. This pattern raises concerns that the sibling comparison models do not fully adjust for within-family factors predicting both spacing and perinatal outcomes. In sibling comparison analyses considering long-term outcomes, not even the very shortest birth intervals are negatively associated with educational or occupational outcomes or with long-term mortality. These findings suggest that extremely short birth intervals may increase the probability of poor perinatal outcomes but that any such disadvantages disappear over the extended life course.

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  • 138.
    Bashier, Salman
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    A Critical Examination of al-Junayd's Mystical Treatises: The Notions of Annihilation and Unification and the Unity of Ṣūfī Thought2020Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    he book provides a careful unprecedented analysis of the Sufi-mystical treatises of Abu al-Qasim al-Junayd (d. 910), especially his Treatise on Annihilation, focusing on two central notions in his treatises, namely, the notions of annihilation and unification. It compares al-Junayd's thought with the thought of other important Sufis and seeks to correct the kind of understanding in scholarship that reflects on the Sufi tradition in terms of division and discontinuity between the earlier and the later Sufi thinkers.

  • 139.
    Bashier, Salman
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Bayna Mawaqif al-Nifarri wa-Mashahid Ibn al-Arabi2020Book (Other academic)
  • 140.
    Becker, Judith
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Christen, Muslime und "Heiden": Die mediale Konstruktion eigener und fremder Religion im Basler Evangelischen Heidenboten und Barmer Missionsblatt2018In: Menschen – Bilder – Eine Welt: Ordnungen von Vielfalt in der religiösen Publizistik um 1900 / [ed] Becker, Judith; Stornig, Katharina, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht , 2018, p. 145-174Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 141.
    Becker, Judith
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Gendered Behaviour: Religious norms and sexual deviance in the Basel India Mission in the first half of the nineteenth century2020In: Gender and Violence in Historical and Contemporary Perspectives: Situating India / [ed] Jyoti Atwal/Iris Fleßenkämper, London/New York: Routledge, 2020, p. 76-94Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 142.
    Becker, Judith
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Stornig, Katharina
    Menschen - Bilder - Eine Welt: Ordnungen von Vielfalt in der religiösen Publizistik um 19002018Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 143. Behar, Doron M.
    et al.
    Yunusbayev, Bayazit
    Metspalu, Mait
    Metspalu, Ene
    Rosset, Saharon
    Parik, Jüri
    Rootsi, Siiri
    Chaubey, Gyaneshwer
    Kutuev, Ildus
    Yudkovsky, Guennady
    Khusnutdinova, Elza K.
    Balanovsky, Oleg
    Semino, Ornella
    Pereira, Luisa
    Comas, David
    Gurwitz, David
    Bonne-Tamir, Batsheva
    Parfitt, Tudor
    Hammer, Michael F.
    Skorecki, Karl
    Villems, Richard
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    The genome-wide structure of the Jewish people2010In: Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, E-ISSN 1476-4687, Vol. 466, no 7303, p. 238-242Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A comparison of genomic data from 14 Jewish communities across the world with data from 69 non-Jewish populations reveals a close relationship between most of today's Jews and non-Jewish populations from the Levant. This fits in with the idea that most contemporary Jews are descended from ancient Hebrew and Israelite residents of the Levant. By contrast, the Ethiopian and Indian Jewish communities cluster with neighbouring non-Jewish populations in Ethiopia and western India, respectively. This may be partly because a greater degree of genetic, religious and cultural crossover took place when the Jewish communities in these areas became established.

  • 144.
    Behr, Wolfgang
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Etymologische Notizen zum Wortfeld "lachen" und "weinen" im Altchinesischen2009In: Überraschende Lachen, gefordertes Weinen: Ge­fühle und Prozesse, Kulturen und Epochen im Vergleich (Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Histori­sche Anthropologie Bd.11) / [ed] August Nitschke, Justin Stagl & Dieter R. Bauer, Böhlau, 2009, p. 402-446Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 145.
    Behr, Wolfgang
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    In the Interstices of Representation: Ludic writing and the Locus of Polysemy in the Chinese Sign2009In: The Idea of writing: Play and complexity / [ed] A. de Voogt & I. Finkel, E.J. Brill , 2009, p. 281-314Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 146.
    Behr, Wolfgang
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Morphological notes on the Old Chinese counterfactual2006In: Bochumer Jahrbuch zur Ostasienforschung, ISSN 0170-0006, Vol. 30Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 147.
    Behr, Wolfgang
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Sprache und Denken in China und Japan2006Book (Other academic)
  • 148.
    Behr, Wolfgang
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Themenschwerpunkt: Komposition und Konnotation, Figuren der Kunstprosa im Alten China2005Book (Other academic)
  • 149.
    Behr, Wolfgang
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Three sound-correlated text-structuring devices in pre-Qín philosophical prose2005In: Bochumer Jahrbuch zur Ostasienforschung, Vol. 29, p. 15-34Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 150.
    Bekker, S. B.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS).
    Therborn, Göran
    Uppsala University, Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study (SCAS). Cambridge University / Uppsala University.
    Capital cities in Africa: power and powerlessness2012Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    "Capital cities today remain central to both nations and states. They host centres of political power, not only national, but in some cases regional and global as well, thus offering major avenues to success, wealth and privilege. For these reasons capitals simultaneously become centres of "counter-power", locations of high-stakes struggles between the government and the opposition. This volume focuses on capital cities in nine sub-Saharan African countries, and traces how the power vested in them has evolved through different colonial backgrounds, radically different kinds of regimes after independence, waves of popular protest, explosive population growth and in most cases stunted economic development. Starting at the point of national political emancipation, each case study explores the complicated processes of nation-state building through its manifestation in the "urban geology" of the city - its architecture, iconography, layout and political use of urban space. Although the evolution of each of these cities is different, they share a critical demographic feature: an extraordinarily rapid process of urbanisation that is more politically than economically driven. Overwhelmed by the inevitable challenges resulting from this urban sprawl, the governments seated in most of these capital cities are in effect both powerful - wielding power over their populace -and powerless, lacking power to implement their plans and to provide for their inhabitants"--Publisher description.

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