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  • 1.
    Banerjee, I.
    et al.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Ramachandraiah, Harisha
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Zelenin, Sergey
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Slipdisc: A versatile sample preparation platform2015In: MicroTAS 2015 - 19th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society , 2015, p. 1256-1258Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present "SlipDisc", a versatile sample preparation platform based on slipchip1 technology. The SlipDisc platform uses polycarbonate CDs and laser cut PSA instead of glass and a hand-winded mechanical clock mechanism to precisely manipulate minute amount of liquid. The innovative hand-winded mechanical "clockwork" that enables sample processing from one spot to another with defined precision. As a prof of principle of bioassay, we show HRP enzyme reacting with TMB substrate and a multilayer architecture used in manipulation of magnetic beads through an immiscible oil phase. Our long-term goal is to develop a sample-in-result-out multi-parametric bioanalytical SlipDisc platform specifically designed to need the needs at resource-limited settings for point of care molecular diagnostics.

  • 2.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Point of care microfluidic tool development for resource limited settings2019Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of point of care diagnostics using recent advances in microfluidics have the potential to transform health care in several ways, especially in resource limited settings with limited access to advanced health care infrastructure. However, translating a point of care device to reality is often a challenging task because of the complexities involved in integrating a number of diverse engineering concepts into an easy to use, accurate and portable device. This thesis focuses on miniaturization of crucial diagnostic laboratory tools, that can be used in a portable point of care format without compromising on the accuracy or performance. The first part of the thesis (Paper I-III) focuses on understanding and applying elasto-inertial microfluidics, which is a label-free and passive bio-particle sorting and separation method. A basic understanding of particle trajectories in both inertial (Paper I) and visco-elastic flows (Paper II) is established, followed by an investigation on the combined effects of inertia and elasticity (Paper III). The second part of the thesis (Paper IV-VI) focuses on developing integrated microfluidic platforms, each of which addresses different aspects of point of care diagnostic applications. The applications include neonatal diagnostics using a hand-driven Slipdisc technique (Paper IV), rapid nucleic acid quantification using a novel precipitate-based detection on a centrifugal microfluidics platform (Paper V), and hematocrit level measurement in blood using a portable lab-on- Disc platform operated by a mobile phone (Paper VI). The proof of concept microfluidic tools presented in the scope of this thesis have the potential to replace a number of functions of standard laboratory equipment, at a fraction of the price and without compromising performance. Hence, the different methods developed should contribute towards decentralization of medical testing laboratories, making healthcare accessible to one and all.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 3.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science.
    Aralaguppe, S. G.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Lab Med, Div Clin Microbiol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lapins, Noa
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science.
    Zhang, Wang
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science. Karolinska Inst, Dept Lab Med, Div Clin Microbiol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kazemzadeh, Amin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science.
    Sönnerborg, A.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Lab Med, Div Clin Microbiol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Neogi, Ujjwal
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science. Karolinska Inst, Dept Lab Med, Div Clin Microbiol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science.
    Microfluidic centrifugation assisted precipitation based DNA quantification2019In: Lab on a Chip, ISSN 1473-0197, E-ISSN 1473-0189, Vol. 19, no 9, p. 1657-1664Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Nucleic acid amplification methods are increasingly being used to detect trace quantities of DNA in samples for various diagnostic applications. However, quantifying the amount of DNA from such methods often requires time consuming purification, washing or labeling steps. Here, we report a novel microfluidic centrifugation assisted precipitation (mu CAP) method for single-step DNA quantification. The method is based on formation of a visible precipitate, which can be quantified, when an intercalating dye (GelRed) is added to the DNA sample and centrifuged for a few seconds. We describe the mechanism leading to the precipitation phenomenon. We utilize centrifugal microfluidics to precisely control the formation of the visible and quantifiable mass. Using a standard CMOS sensor for imaging, we report a detection limit of 45 ng mu l(-1). Furthermore, using an integrated lab-on-DVD platform we recently developed, the detection limit is lowered to 10 ng mu l(-1), which is comparable to those of current commercially available instruments for DNA quantification. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate the quantification of LAMP products for a HIV-1B type genome containing plasmid on the lab-on-DVD platform. The simple DNA quantification system could facilitate advanced point of care molecular diagnostics.

  • 4.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Aralaguppe, S. P. G.
    Lapins, Noa
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Kazemzadeh, Amin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Sönneborg, A.
    Neogi, U.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    MicroCap: Microfluidic centrifuge assisted precipitation for DNA quantification on lab-on-DVD2018In: 22nd International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2018, Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society , 2018, p. 1802-1805Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report for the first time the MicroCAP technique, for rapid DNA detection and quantification, that does not require any purification or fluorescent labelling of DNA. The invention is based on DNA interacting with a detection dye (Gelred) to form a complex, that forms a visible precipitate within seconds of centrifugation. MicroCAP can be used for DNA quantification, when combined with the Lab-on-DVD with inbuilt centrifugation and sub-micron imaging resolution. We quantify PCR and LAMP assay products using MicroCAP on the integrated Lab-on-DVD platform, and demonstrate a detection limit of 10 ng/μl. Copyright 

  • 5.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Aralaguppe, Shambhu Prasad
    Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
    Lapins, Noa
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Kazemzadeh, Amin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Sönneborg, Anders
    Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
    Neogi, Ujjwal
    Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    MicroCAP: Microfluidic Centrifuge Assisted Precipitation for DNA Quantification on Lab-on-DVD2018Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report for the first time the MicroCAP technique, for rapid DNA detection and quantification, that does not require any purification or fluorescent labelling of DNA. The invention is based on DNA interacting with a detection dye (Gelred) to form a complex, that forms a visible precipitate within seconds of centrifugation. MicroCAP can be used for DNA quantification, when combined with the Lab-on-DVD with inbuilt centrifugation and sub- micron imaging resolution. We quantify PCR and LAMP assay products using MicroCAP on the integrated Lab-on- DVD platform, and demonstrate a detection limit of 10 ng/!".

    KEYWORDS: MicroCAP, DNA detection, Centrifuge,Precipitate, LAMP, PCR.

    INTRODUCTION

    Detection of amplified DNA is often based on measurement of turbidity, fluorescence (after staining with a detec- tion dye) or absorbance. Commercially available instruments for DNA quantitation can be broadly divided into two categories: UV instruments based on absorbance (such as spectrophotometers, e.g. Nanodrop or Nanophotometer) and instruments based on measurement of a fluorescent dye (such as plate readers). One bottleneck in quantifying amplified DNA in a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) reaction, based on absorbance measurement technique, is the bias introduced due to the presence of the isothermal amplification buffer, dNTPs and other reagents. Each reagent or buffer may have an absorbance density at around 260 nm, elevating the apparent concentration measured by the device compared to the actual value. Hence, for most quantitation based NAATs, it is important to include an extra DNA purification step, which may result in non-negligible loss of the amplified product and increases the cost of the purification kit. Measurements based on fluorescence mostly use fluorescent dyes that are potentially hazardous for handling. In addition, fluorescence based quantitation methods require time consuming labelling and washing steps.

    In this report, we describe a new method, termed microfluidic centrifugation assisted precipitation (microCAP), involving quantification and detection of DNA based on precipitation of nucleic acids. The basis of the method is formation of a visible precipitate when GelRed, a nucleic acid intercalacting dye commonly used in gel electropho- resis, is mixed with DNA and centrifuged. A visible precipitate is formed after just a few seconds of centrifugation and enables rapid detection of the presence of DNA in a sample. To the best of our knowledge, the visible precipitate formed as a product of centrifuging GelRed mixed with DNA has not been reported before. We showed that the DNA GelRed complex is dense enough compared to water to precipitate upon centrifugation. Further, we extended the μCAP method to the Lab-on-DVD platform1 to quantify the DNA concentration from images generated using the optical DVD reader instrument. The modified DVD player was able to image the precipitate formed up to a detection limit of 10 ng/μl of DNA. For calibration of the images, known quantities of a purified PCR product were used to identify the relationship between the amounts of DNA and precipitate formed. We applied the method to quantify an unknown quantity of LAMP amplicons from a LAMP assay for a HIV-1B type genome containing plasmid on the Lab-on-DVD platform. A sensitivity limit of 10 ng/μl of DNA was achieved, comparable with that of a Nanophotometer.18 The results demonstrated that the method is able to quantitatively detect the presence of DNA in a sample in a few seconds without any purification step.

    EXPERIMENTAL

    The Lab-on-DVD system was employed for spinning and imaging the precipitate product using a modified DVD drive, as mentioned in our previous report.1 We began by dispensing the sample in the design chamber, adding GelRed dye (at a concentration of 4000X in water) and centrifuging the mixture at 1200 rpm. Figure 1a and 1b

    show schematics of the DNA sample precipitation process conducted in test tubes and the DVD platform, respec- tively. We used known amounts of a PCR product to calibrate the quantity of precipitate to the DNA concentration. We used a HIV genome amplified from 50 ng of plasmid pNL4.3 using the primers 0776F and 6231R.2 To evaluate the sensitivity of DNA detection of our system, we used the amplified products from a LAMP assay. The sensitivity of LAMP primers was tested on DNA from pNL4.3 (a HIV-1B genome containing plasmid). A 25X LAMP primer mix was prepared according to Curtis et al.,3 using the same template DNA sequence, set of primers and DNA polymerase. Eight concentrations (each being 5 μl volume) of the HIV-1B genome containing plasmid (pNL4.3) were tested, starting from 1 ng/!" serially diluted to 1 fg/!". Two negative controls were also prepared, one without DNA and primers and one without primers. The total reaction volume was increased to 30 μl (instead of 25 μl used in Curtis et al.3) by multiplying every component volume in the reaction by a factor of 1.2. Fabrication of the multi- layer microfluidic Disc followed the same procedure as described in our previous report.1 The Lab-on-DVD system was used to generate images of the precipitation zone. To quantify the amount of precipitate, an image processing script was written in MATLAB software (Mathworks, USA).

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

    MicroCAP was found to be suitable for determining the presence of DNA in a sample, We carried out the LAMP assay in Eppendorf tubes in an oven set at 65°C. After 45 minutes, 3 μl of 10,000X GelRed in water was added to two tubes of 30 μl volume each, one having an unknown concentration of LAMP amplified DNA and the other one with no DNA template as a control. After centrifugation for approximately 5 seconds, a visible precipitate was formed in the tube containing amplified DNA, whereas no precipitate was formed in the control tube (Fig. 2a). 10 μl volume of DNA was inserted into a U shaped channel of the DVD alongwith 1 μl of 10,000X GelRed in water, which was the same ratio of DNA sample to Gelred as used in the test tube. An imageable precipitate was observed in the Lab on DVD custom imaging software (fig.2b).

    A Matlab script was used for image analysis in which an original image(fig.3a) was transformed into a binary image (fig.3b) by defining a threshold pixel value, exploiting the difference in intensity of the precipitate from its background. The entire area to the left of the threshold line in the histogram (Fig. 3c), i.e. from value 0 to the threshold value (normally 90), was summed to estimate the total area of the precipitate.

    For DNA quantification, known concentrations of a PCR product was used for calibration. The initial concentration of purified PCR product was 129 ng/μl, measured with a Nanophotometer (in triplicates) after purification with a GeneJet PCR purification kit. The purified PCR product was subsequently diluted serially several times and each diluted concentration was measured again with the Nanophotometer (in triplicate). The measurements were then repeated with the Lab-on-DVD method. Fig. 4a shows four images recorded at four known concentrations together with their binary threshold images. Fig. 4b shows the precipitation area calculated from the images plotted against the known DNA concentrations, showing a linear relationship. 10 ng/μl was the lowest concentration detectable in the DVD images.

    For quantification of unknown quantities of nucleic acids, we carried out the LAMP assay on HIV-1B genome containing plasmid DNA using serial dilutions (10-fold dilutions from 1 ng/μl to 0.1 fg/μl) to evaluate the limit of detection (Fig.5). Two negative controls were also prepared, one comprising primers and no DNA template and second, no DNA template and no primers.

    Fig. 6 shows the precipitation area plotted against the starting concentration of DNA template. It shows that the amplification in the LAMP assay is not linear for all the starting concentrations of DNA template. The error bars in the figure show the standard deviation for a particular concentration. For a LAMP assay, which fluctuates somewhat in its yield of amplified prod- ucts, we believe that this error range is acceptable.

    The precipitation area was converted to an actual yield of DNA products for each of the concentrations. This conversion was based on the linear empirical equation generated from the calibration curve presented earlier in Fig. 4b, given by:

    y= 9.61x – 4.05 (1) Here, y denotes the precipitation area in arbitrary units while x denotes the DNA concentration.

    CONCLUSION

    We demonstrated an extremely fast visual DNA quantification method (μCAP) that can be made quantifiable on a Lab-on-DVD platform. The approach was based on DNA forming a precipitate upon centrifugation when in contact with the GelRed dye. Results using HIV-1B genome containing plasmid DNA revealed a detection limit of 0.01 pg/μl or total amount of 0.1 pg of starting DNA template, which is an acceptable standard for resource limited settings. The limit of detection of DNA with the Lab-on-DVD platform was found to be 10 ng/μl, which is almost comparable to the detection limits reported by commercially available instruments, such as the Nanophotometer. However, the μCAP method offers a distinct advantage over other state-of-the-art techniques as it does not require additional purification of the DNA. We believe the μCAP technique combined with the Lab-on-DVD platform provides a simple and low cost technology that can fulfil the need for a point-of-care device for DNA quantification.

    REFERENCES

    1. [1]  H. Ramachandraiah, M. Amasia, J. Cole, P. Sheard, S. Pickhaver, C. Walker, V. Wirta, P. Lexow, R. Lione and A. Russom, "Lab-on-DVD: standard DVD drives as a novel laser scanning microscope for image based point of care diagnostics."Lab. Chip, 2013, 13, 1578–1585.

    2. [2]  S. Grossmann, P. Nowak, and U. Neogi, “ Subtype-independent near full-length HIV-1 genome sequencing and assembly to be used in large molecular epidemiological studies and clinical man- agement.” Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2015,18(1), 20035.

    3. [3]  K. A. Curtis, D. L. Rudolph, I. Nejad, J. Singleton, A. Beddoe, B. Weigl, P. LaBarre and S. M. Owen, "Rapid detection of HIV-1 by reverse-transcription, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT- LAMP)." PLoS ONE, , DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0031432.

    CONTACT

    *A. Russom; phone: +46-87909863; aman@kth.se

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    MicroCAP
  • 6.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Ganeshappa Aralaguppe, Shambhu Prasad
    Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden..
    Lapins, Noa
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Zhang, Wang
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden..
    Kazemzadeh, Amin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Sönnerborg, Anders
    Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden..
    Neogi, Ujjwal
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology. Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden..
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Microfluidic Centrifugation Assisted Precipitation based DNA QuantificationManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Nucleic acid amplification methods are increasingly being used to detect trace quantities of DNA in samples for various diagnostic applications. However, quantifying the amount of DNA from such methods often require time consuming purification, washing or labeling step. Here, we report a novel microfluidic centrifugation assisted precipitation (uCAP) method for single-step DNA quantification. The method is based on formation of a visible precipitate, that can be quantified, when an intercalating dye (GelRed) is added to DNA sample and centrifuged for few seconds. We describe the mechanism leading to the precipitation phenomenon. We utilize centrifugal microfluidics to precisely control the formation of visible and quantifiable mass. Using a standard CMOS sensor for imaging, we report a detection limit of 45 ng/ul. Furthermore, using an integrated Lab-on-DVD platform we recently developed, the detection limit was lowered to 10 ng/ul, which is comparable to current commercially available instruments for DNA quantification. As a proof of principle, we demonstrate the quantification of LAMP products for a HIV-1B type genome containing plasmid on the Lab-on-DVD platform. The simple DNA quantification system could facilitate advanced molecular diagnosis at point of care.

  • 7.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Rosti, M. E.
    Kumar, Tharagan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Brandt, Luca
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW. KTH, Centres, SeRC - Swedish e-Science Research Centre. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Fluid Mechanics and Engineering Acoustics.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Analogue tuning of particle focusing in elasto-inertial flow2021In: Meccanica (Milano. Print), ISSN 0025-6455, E-ISSN 1572-9648, Vol. 56, no 7, p. 1739-1749Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report a unique tuneable analogue trend in particle focusing in the laminar and weak viscoelastic regime of elasto-inertial flows. We observe experimentally that particles in circular cross-section microchannels can be tuned to any focusing bandwidths that lie between the “Segre-Silberberg annulus” and the centre of a circular microcapillary. We use direct numerical simulations to investigate this phenomenon and to understand how minute amounts of elasticity affect the focussing of particles at increasing flow rates. An Immersed Boundary Method is used to account for the presence of the particles and a FENE-P model is used to simulate the presence of polymers in a Non-Newtonian fluid. The numerical simulations study the dynamics and stability of finite size particles and are further used to analyse the particle behaviour at Reynolds numbers higher than what is allowed by the experimental setup. In particular, we are able to report the entire migration trajectories of the particles as they reach their final focussing positions and extend our predictions to other geometries such as the square cross section. We believe complex effects originate due to a combination of inertia and elasticity in the weakly viscoelastic regime, where neither inertia nor elasticity are able to mask each other’s effect completely, leading to a number of intermediate focusing positions. The present study provides a fundamental new understanding of particle focusing in weakly elastic and strongly inertial flows, whose findings can be exploited for potentially multiple microfluidics-based biological sorting applications. 

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    fulltext
  • 8.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Rosti, Marco E.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Kumar, Tharagan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Brandt, Luca
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW. KTH, Centres, SeRC - Swedish e-Science Research Centre. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Fluid Mechanics and Engineering Acoustics.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Particle focusing dynamics in extended elasto inertial flow2018In: 22nd International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2018, Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society , 2018, p. 472-475Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report the decoupled effects of inertial and viscous forces on particle focusing, the stability of particles, and particle trajectories to reach equilibrium position in an extended elasto inertial pressure driven flow, in a circular micro-capillary. We report numerically and experimentally for the first time, the existence of multiple stable equilibrium positions in the EEI regime, which was unobserved for flows previously studied at lower Reynolds number viscoelastic flows. 

  • 9.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Rosti, Marco Edoardo
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics.
    Kumar, Tharagan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Brandt, Luca
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Analog particle position tuning in Elasto-inertial microfluidic flowsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We observe for the first time an analog trend in particle focusing in a high throughput weakly viscoelastic regime, where it is possible to tune particles into multiple intermediate focusing positions that lie between the "Segre-Silberberg annulus" and the center of a circular microcapillary. The "Segre-Silberberg annulus" (0.6 times the pipe radius), that describes particle equilibrium in a predominantly inertial flow, shrinks consistently closer to the center for increasing elasticity in extremely dilute PEO concentrations (ranging from 0.001 wt% to 0.05wt%). The experimental observations are supported by direct numerical simulations, where an Immersed Boundary Method is used to account for the presence of particles and a FENE-P model is used to simulate the presence of polymers in a Non-Newtonian fluid. The numerical simulations study the dynamics and stability of finite size particles and are further used to analyze particle behavior at Reynolds number higher than what is allowed by the present experimental setup. In particular, we are able to report the entire migration trajectories of the particles as they reach their final equilibrium positions and extend our predictions to other geometries such as the square cross-section. We believe complex effects originate due to a combination of inertia and elasticity in a weakly viscoelastic regime, where neither inertia nor elasticity are able to mask each other's effect completely, thus leading to a number of intermediate focusing positions. The present study provides a new understanding into the mechanism of particle focusing in elasto-inertial flows and opens up new possibilities for exercising analog control in tuning the particle focusing positions.

  • 10.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Rosti, Marco Eduardo
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics. KTH, Centres, SeRC - Swedish e-Science Research Centre. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.
    Niazi Ardekani, Mehdi
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics. KTH, Centres, SeRC - Swedish e-Science Research Centre. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.
    Kumar, Tharagan
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Lashgari, Iman
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW. KTH, Centres, SeRC - Swedish e-Science Research Centre.
    Brandt, Luca
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW. KTH, Centres, SeRC - Swedish e-Science Research Centre.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Dynamics of Inertial migration of particles in straight channels2017Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    SUMMARY

    We study numerically the entire migration dynamics of spherical and oblate particles in straight rectangular and square cross sectional ducts. The reported results can help in design of straight duct channel based microfluidic systems.

     

    KEYWORDS: Inertial microfluidics, Lateral migration, Oblate particles, Straight particles.

     

    INTRODUCTION

    We  simulate spherical and oblate rigid particles in straight ducts of different aspect ratios using an Immersed Boundary Method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time not only the equilibrium position of particles is described, but also the entire migration dynamics of the particle from the initial to final position, including particle trajectory, velocity, rotation and orientation, are investigated.

     

    EXPERIMENTAL

     The fluid is considered incompressible and its motion is governed by the Navier Stokes and Continuity equations. The numerical approach employed is an Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) with two sets of grid points: an equispaced Eulerian mesh for the fluid flow, and Lagrangian grid points uniformly distributed on the surface of the particle. The flow is set up in square and rectangular cross section ducts with no slip and no penetration boundary conditions (Fig.1).

     

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

    We examine the lateral motion of spherical and oblate particles using the IBM method mentioned above. While simulating three different spheres in a square duct of duct width to sphere diameter ratio H/Ds= [3.5, 5, 10], we find that the particles focus at closest face-cantered equilibrium position from their point of introduction(Fig.2a). We also show the downstream length needed for a sphere to focus, focusing length, as a function of the distance from the vertical duct symmetry line and as a function of Reynolds number(Fig.2b and c respectively). Spherical particles in rectangular duct tend to move laterally toward the longer length wall and then slowly moves towards the equilibrium position at the face-centre along the long wall(fig.3a). We also observe that the focusing length is longer for spherical particles in a rectangular duct, about three times longer than that in square duct (fig. 3b). In case of an oblate particle flowing through a square duct, the lateral motion towards the face centred equilibrium position is similar to that of a sphere (fig.4a), however there is significant tumbling motion of the particle as it tries to reach equilibrium(fig.4b).In a rectangular duct of aspect ratio 2, the oblate particle reaches a steady configuration on the duct symmetry line at the center of the different faces (fig.5a). The focusing length surprisingly is shorter in a rectangular duct for an oblate particle in contrast to its focusing length in a square duct. This is attributed to the higher lateral velocity of the oblate in the second stage of the migration, that with negligible tumbling(fig.5b). The behavior of three oblate particles in a square duct of duct width to longer diameter ratio H/Ds= [3.5, 5, 10] is different compared to a sphere as the largest oblate tend to focus at the duct cross section diagonals compared to the other two which are at face centred equilibrium as in case of a sphere(fig.6a). We attribute this to the rotation rate of the larger particle which is initially increasing and then decreasing(fig.6b).When it comes to focusing lengths, the smaller particles need longer times to reach their final equilibrium(fig.6c). Another interesting behavior we see is the effect of Reynolds number, where it can be seen that the oblate particles show a tilt of 21 degrees when focusing at equilibrium at certain high Reynolds number (fig.7).

     

    CONCLUSION

    The results presented employ a highly accurate interface-resolved numerical algorithm, based on the Immersed Boundary Method to study the entire inertial migration of an oblate particle in both square and rectangular ducts and compare it with that of a single sphere. Currently, we apply a volume penalization method and polymeric drag component to the code to solve for viscoelastic effects in circular microcapillaries.

     

    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

    This work was supported by the European Research Council Grant no. ERC-2013-CoG-616186, TRITOS and by the Swedish Research Council Grant no. VR 2014-5001, COST Action MP1305: Flowing matter, and computation time from SNIC.

     REFERENCES : Lashgari, Iman, et al. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 819 (2017): 540-561.

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    Dynamics of inertial migration
  • 11.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Lab-on-DVD: Optical Disk Drive-Based Platforms for Point-of-Care Diagnostics2018In: Frugal Innovation in Bioengineering for the Detection of Infectious Diseases / [ed] AK Chavali, R Ramji, Switzerland: Springer, 2018, 2, p. 23-38Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There is a growing demand for simple, affordable, reliable and quality-assured point-of-care (POC) diagnostics for use in resource-limited settings. Among the top ten leading causes of death worldwide, three are infectious diseases, namely, respiratory infections, HIV/AIDS and diarrheal diseases (World Health Organization 2012). Although high-quality diagnostic tests are available, these are often not available to patients in developing countries. While recent development in microfluidics and “lab-on-a-chip” devices has the potential to spur the development of protocols and affordable instruments for diagnosis of infectious disease at POC, integration of complex sample preparation and detection into automated molecular and cellular systems remain a bottleneck for implementation of these systems at resource-limited settings. Towards this, we describe here how low-cost optical drives can, with minor modifications, be turned into POC diagnostic platforms. A DVD drive is essentially a highly advanced and low-cost optical laser-scanning microscope, with the capability to deliver high-resolution images for biological applications. Furthermore, the inherent centrifugal force on rotational discs is elegantly used for sample preparation and integration. Hence, the merging of low-cost optical disc drives with centrifugal microfluidics is feasible concept for POC diagnostics, specifically designed to meet the needs at resource-limited settings.

  • 12.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    MicroCAP2018Patent (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

  • 13.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Salih, Tagrid
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Ohlander, Anna
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Three dimensional Slipdisc aimed at HIV viral load detection2017Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study, we introduce a three dimensional Slipdisc1 based on slipchip technology, aimed to be used at detection of HIV-1 viral load in resource limited settings. This method is based on magnetic bead based isolation of RNA from sample, followed by release of RNA in an elution buffer, followed by amplification of the initial concentration of RNA in an elution buffer. The novelty is the extraction method which is a one step method and involves using magnetic beads attached to sample DNA to pass through an immiscible oil phase2 for one step washing.

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    fulltext
  • 14.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Salih, Tagrid
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Ramachandraiah, Harisha
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Erlandsson, J.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Petterson, T.
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.
    Silva, AC
    Karlsson, M
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    LDH based neonatal diagnostics on a low-cost slipdisc based sample preparation platform.2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION

    Slipdisc is developed as a sample preparation platform based on slipchip technology [1], using a handwinded clockwork mechanism allowing sample processing from one spot to another with defined precision without the need for sophisticated tools or alignment (Fig.1). An ordinary smartphone or camera can be used to image and analyse the results making it an ideal tool for resource limited settings. Here, we demonstrate a bioassay for detecting LDH (Fig.2), a crucial enzyme found in all living cells which leaks out when the cellular membrane is damaged. This makes LDH a biomarker for several medical conditions in newborns, such as Ozkiraz-13, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and Asphyxia.

    EXPERIMENTAL

    For assembling the slipdisc optically transparent, robust and disposable CD like polycarbonate discs were used with superhydrophobic coating on all except the embedded microfluidic channels. For the LDH assay, heparinized plasma samples were spiked with 7 different concentrations of the LDH enzyme (Lee Biosolutions, USA). These concentrations ranged from clinically normal to abnormal concentrations and used to construct a standard curve for LDH enzyme.

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

    The ability of the SlipDisc to quantify LDH enzyme levels from plasma samples was evaluated (Fig.3). Using 7 different concentrations, a standard curve with clinically relevant LDH concentrations was obtained (Fig4). Image and data analyses, including linear regression and Pearson’s correlation, were completed using Image processing tool in Matlab.

    CONCLUSION

    We demonstrate a low-cost neonatal diagnostics platform for the detection of LDH from plasma using a novel SlipDisc platform. The SlipDisc can further be modified to separate plasma from whole blood samples in order to fully integrate the assay. Its simple operation and smartphone based detection capabilities make it an ideal device for point-of-care neonatal diagnostics.

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    fulltext
  • 15.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    et al.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Salih, Tagrid
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Ramachandraiah, Harisha
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Erlandsson, Johan
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology, Fibre Technology.
    Pettersson, Torbjörn
    KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center. KTH, School of Chemical Science and Engineering (CHE), Fibre and Polymer Technology.
    Araújo, A. C.
    Karlsson, M.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Slipdisc: A versatile sample preparation platform for point of care diagnostics2017In: RSC Advances, E-ISSN 2046-2069, Vol. 7, no 56, p. 35048-35054Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We report a microfluidic sample preparation platform called "Slipdisc" based on slipchip technology. Slipdisc is a rotational slipchip that uses a unique hand-wound clockwork mechanism for precise movement of specially fabricated polycarbonate discs. In operation, the microchannels and microchambers carved on the closely aligned microfluidic discs convert from continuous filled paths to defined compartments using the slip movement. The clockwork mechanism introduced here is characterised by a food dye experiment and a conventional HRP TMB reaction before measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme levels, which is a crucial biomarker for neonatal diagnostics. The colorimetry based detection of LDH was performed with an unmodified camera and an image analysis procedure based on normalising images and observing changes in red channel intensity. The analysis showed a close to unity coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.96) in detecting the LDH concentration when compared with a standard Chemical Analyser, demonstrating the excellent performance of the slipdisc platform with colorimetric detection. The versatile point of care sample preparation platform should ideally be suited for a multitude of applications at resource-limited settings.

  • 16.
    Faridi, Muhammad Asim
    et al.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. mafaridi@kth.se.
    Ramachandraiah, Harisha
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Ardabili, Sahar
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Zelenin, Sergey
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Elasto-inertial microfluidics for bacteria separation from whole blood for sepsis diagnostics2017In: Journal of Nanobiotechnology, E-ISSN 1477-3155, Vol. 15, article id 3Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Bloodstream infections (BSI) remain a major challenge with high mortality rate, with an incidence that is increasing worldwide. Early treatment with appropriate therapy can reduce BSI-related morbidity and mortality. However, despite recent progress in molecular based assays, complex sample preparation steps have become critical roadblock for a greater expansion of molecular assays. Here, we report a size based, label-free, bacteria separation from whole blood using elasto-inertial microfluidics.

    Results: In elasto-inertial microfluidics, the viscoelastic flow enables size based migration of blood cells into a non- Newtonian solution, while smaller bacteria remain in the streamline of the blood sample entrance and can be sepa- rated. We first optimized the flow conditions using particles, and show continuous separation of 5 μm particles from 2 μm at a yield of 95% for 5 μm particle and 93% for 2 μm particles at respective outlets. Next, bacteria were continu- ously separated at an efficiency of 76% from undiluted whole blood sample.

    Conclusion: We demonstrate separation of bacteria from undiluted while blood using elasto-inertial microfluidics. The label-free, passive bacteria preparation method has a great potential for downstream phenotypic and molecular analysis of bacteria. 

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  • 17.
    Kazemzadeh, Amin
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Lapins, Noa
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Akhtar, Ahmad Saleem
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Mobile-LabDisc for Point-of-Care DiagnosticsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    At resource limited settings, point of care devices require a very low-cost, robust and easy to use platform that is preferably capable of automating and multiplexing intricate bioassays. We report on a mobile lab-disc platform that is specifically designed to meet the needs at resource- limited settings. It uses a smartphone as an electrical power source and a disposable, rigid and portable casing made of cardboard that securely accommodate the entire lab-disc system rotor, lightning and wiring and other accessories. The mobile lab-disc is light, less-expensive and functional at places where the electrical power infrastructure is not available. We show that the electrical energy stored in most mobile phones can be used for spinning a lab-Disc at up to 5500 rpm, a speed sufficient for most of the required functional steps in a bioassay including ELISA. We develop individual components of the mobile lab-disc system by experimentally conducting colorimetric assays using HRP and sandwich immunoassay. Finally, the full potential of the mobile lab-disc for integrating and multiplexing bioassays is demonstrated by measuring the hematocrit level in whole blood. The mobile phone-operated process integrates sample preparation i.e., blood-plasma separation, imaging and image analysis. The total cost of our prototype system for the tests, excluding the phone is ~$5, assuming that a lab-disc unit is worth $1.

  • 18.
    Kumar, Tharagan
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Ramachandraiah, Harisha
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science.
    Iyengar, Sharath Narayana
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Mårtensson, Gustaf
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology. Karolinska Inst, AIMES Ctr Adv Integrated Med & Engn Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.;KTH Royal Inst Technol, Stockholm, Sweden..
    High throughput viscoelastic particle focusing and separation in spiral microchannels2021In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 11, no 1, article id 8467Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Passive particle manipulation using inertial and elasto-inertial microfluidics have received substantial interest in recent years and have found various applications in high throughput particle sorting and separation. For separation applications, elasto-inertial microfluidics has thus far been applied at substantial lower flow rates as compared to inertial microfluidics. In this work, we explore viscoelastic particle focusing and separation in spiral channels at two orders of magnitude higher Reynolds numbers than previously reported. We show that the balance between dominant inertial lift force, dean drag force and elastic force enables stable 3D particle focusing at dynamically high Reynolds numbers. Using a two-turn spiral, we show that particles, initially pinched towards the inner wall using an elasticity enhancer, PEO (polyethylene oxide), as sheath migrate towards the outer wall strictly based on size and can be effectively separated with high precision. As a proof of principle for high resolution particle separation, 15 mu m particles were effectively separated from 10 mu m particles. A separation efficiency of 98% for the 10 mu m and 97% for the 15 mu m particles was achieved. Furthermore, we demonstrate sheath-less, high throughput, separation using a novel integrated two-spiral device and achieved a separation efficiency of 89% for the 10 mu m and 99% for the 15 mu m particles at a sample flow rate of 1 mL/min-a throughput previously only reported for inertial microfluidics. We anticipate the ability to precisely control particles in 3D at extremely high flow rates will open up several applications, including the development of ultra-high throughput microflow cytometers and high-resolution separation of rare cells for point of care diagnostics.

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    fulltext
  • 19.
    Lapins, Noa
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Akhtar, Ahmad Saleem
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Kazemzadeh, Amin
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Pinto, Ines Fernandes
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    A smartphone powered centrifugal microfluidic platform for point-of-care diagnostics in resource limited settingsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The broad availability of smartphones has provided new opportunities to develop less expensive, portable and integrated point-of-care (POC) platforms. To date, many point-of-care devices have been developed that employ the computing power and the optical sensing capabilities available in smartphones. Here, a platform that consists of three main components is introduced: a portable housing, a centrifugal microfluidic disc and a mobile phone. The mobile phone supplies the electrical power and serves as an analysing system that captures and processes the test images. The housing made from cardboard serves as a platform to conduct tests and ensures the portability and rigidity of the platform while being extremely low-cost. The electrical energy stored in mobile phones was demonstrated to be adequate for spinning a centrifugal disc up to 3000 revolutions per minute (RPM), a rotation speed suitable for majority of centrifugal microfluidics-based bioassays. For controlling the rotational speed without the need for external circuitry, a combination of magnetic and acoustic tachometry using embedded sensors of the mobile phone was used. Experimentally, the smartphone-based tachometry was proven to be comparable with a standard laser-based tachometer. As a proof of concept, two applications were demonstrated using the portable platform: a colorimetric sandwich immunoassay to detect interleukin-2 (IL-2) and a fully automated measurement of hematocrit level integrating blood-plasma separation, imaging and image analysis. The low-cost platform weighing less than 150 grams operated by a mobile phone has the potential to meet the REASSURED criteria for advanced diagnostics in resource limited settings.

  • 20.
    Lapins, Noa
    et al.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Kazemzadeh, Amin
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Akhtar, Ahmad Saleem
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Mobile-labdisc for point-of-care diagnostics at resource limited settings2018In: 22nd International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2018, Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society , 2018, p. 1762-1764Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Anyone carrying a smartphone has the potential access to an electrical power bank capable of spinning a lab-disc, a sensor for imaging and the processing power to analyze data. Here, exploit the electrical power stored in smartphones to introduce a smartphone operated centrifugal platform made of cardboard and a small motor to provide a low-cost, portable, sample-to-answer centrifugal diagnostic systems, specifically designed to meet the needs in resource-limited-settings. As a proof of principle, sandwich ELISA immunoassay for detection of interleukin-2 and hematocrit level measurement are demonstrated. 

  • 21.
    Lashgari, Iman
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mechanics.
    Niazi Ardekani, Mehdi
    KTH, Centres, SeRC - Swedish e-Science Research Centre. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Brandt, Luca
    KTH, Centres, SeRC - Swedish e-Science Research Centre. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.
    Inertial migration of spherical and oblate particles in straight ductsIn: Journal of Fluid Mechanics, ISSN 0022-1120, E-ISSN 1469-7645Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We study numerically the inertial migration of a single rigid sphere and an oblate spheroid in straight square and rectangular ducts. A highly accurate interface-resolved numerical algorithm is employed to analyse the entire migration dynamics of the oblate particle and compare it with that of the sphere. Similarly to the inertial focusing of spheres, the oblate particle reaches one of the four face-centred equilibrium positions, however they are vertically aligned with the axis of symmetry in the spanwise direction. In addition, the lateral trajectories of spheres and oblates collapse into an equilibrium manifold before ending at the equilibrium positions, with the equilibrium manifold tangential to lines of constant background shear for both sphere and oblate particles. The differences between the migration of the oblate and sphere are also presented, in particular the oblate may focus on the diagonal symmetry line of the duct cross-section, close to one of the corners, if its diameter is larger than a certain threshold. Moreover, we show that the final orientation and rotation of the oblate exhibit a chaotic behaviour for Reynolds numbers beyond a critical value. Finally, we document that the lateral motion of the oblate particle is less uniform than that of the spherical particle due to its evident tumbling motion throughout the migration. In a square duct, the strong tumbling motion of the oblate in the first stage of the migration results in a lower lateral velocity and consequently longer focusing length with respect to that of the spherical particle. The opposite is true in a rectangular duct where the higher lateral velocity of the oblate in the second stage of the migration, with negligible tumbling, gives rise to shorter focusing lengths.These results can help the design of microfluidic systems for bio-applications.

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  • 22.
    Ramachandraiah, Harisha
    et al.
    KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Kumar, Tharagan
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. KTH, School of Biotechnology (BIO), Proteomics and Nanobiotechnology.
    Extended elasto-inertial microfluidics for high throughput separation in low aspect ratio spiral microchannelsManuscript (preprint) (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Particle manipulation in viscoelastic fluid has received substantial interest because this phenomenon provides high-quality focusing. In this work, we report elasto-inertial particle focusing in spiral channels at one to two orders of magnitude higher Reynolds numbers than previously reported. We systematically investigate the interaction between inertial forces, viscoelastic forces using PEO as an elasticity enhancer and the Dean drag forces in microchannels, and report single stream particle focusing at Re > 100. Using a novel integrated 2-spiral microdevice, we applied the method to continuous focus and separate particles and report differential migration and separation 15μm from 10 μm particles at flow rate of 1 ml/min. A separation efficiency of 99% for the 15 μm and 91% for the 10μm particles was achieved. 

  • 23.
    Ramachandraiah, Harisha
    et al.
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Kumar, Tharagan
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Banerjee, Indradumna
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Russom, Aman
    KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science, Nano Biotechnology.
    Extended elasto-inertial microfluidics for high throughput separation in low aspect ratio spiral microchannels2020In: 21st International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2017, Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society , 2020, p. 1401-1402Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Manipulation of particles and cells in viscoelastic fluids has received substantial interest because this phenomenon provides high-quality focusing. Here we present an enhanced particle focusing and separation in spiral channels, at a ten-fold increase of Reynolds number as compared to current state of the art elasto-inertial microfluidics and report stable particle focusing in spiral low aspect ratio channels at flow rates two magnitudes higher than that previously reported at a high throughput of 2 mL/min is demonstrated with an separation efficiency of 99% for the 15-micron and 91% for the 10-micron particles is demonstrated.

1 - 23 of 23
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