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  • 1.
    Chioar, Ioan-Augustin
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Rowan-Robinson, Richard
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Dannegger, Tobias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    George, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Papaioannou, Evangelos Th.
    Fachbereich Physik and Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS Technische Universita ̈t, Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Modular magneto-optical diffractometer for the characterization of magnetoplasmonic crystalsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We report on the development of a modular magneto-optical diffractometer designed to measure the optical and magneto-optical properties of nanostructured magnetoplasmonic crystals. The system uses monochromatic, coherent light beams with defined polarization states, for the energy- and angular-dependent measurement of reflected and transmitted beams. Polarization analysis instrumentation further enables the detailed characterisation of the polarization state of the light after the interaction with the magnetoplasmonic crystals. The magneto-optical activity is measured with the help of a quadrupole coil system, allowing for the application of magnetic fields in the plane of the samples. The instrument’s versatile design provides a toolbox of methods capable of capturing a far-field description of the optical and magneto-optical response of magnetoplasmonic crystals. We demonstrate its functionality and utility for the case of a Ni-antidot crystal. 

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  • 2.
    Haglund, Jesper
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Physics Didactics.
    Jeppsson, Fredrik
    Linköping University.
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Pendrill, Ann-Marie
    National Resource Centre for Physics Education, Lund University.
    Xie, Charles
    Concord Consortium.
    Schönborn, Konrad J
    Linköping University.
    Infrared cameras in science education2016In: Infrared physics & technology, ISSN 1350-4495, E-ISSN 1879-0275, Vol. 75, no March, p. 150-152Article in journal (Refereed)
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  • 3.
    Haglund, Jesper
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Physics Didactics.
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Weiszflog, Matthias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Andersson, Staffan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Physics Didactics.
    University physics students’ ideas of thermal radiation expressed in open laboratory activities using infrared cameras2017In: Research in Science & Technological Education, ISSN 0263-5143, E-ISSN 1470-1138, Vol. 35, no 3, p. 349-367Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    University physics students were engaged in open-ended thermodynamics laboratory activities with a focus on understanding a chosen phenomenon or the principle of laboratory apparatus, such as thermal radiation or a heat pump. Students had access to handheld infrared (IR) cameras for their investigations.

    Purpose

    The purpose of the research was to explore students’ interactions with reformed thermodynamics laboratory activities. It was guided by the research question: How do university physics students make use of IR cameras in the investigation of the interaction of thermal radiation?

    Sample

    The study was conducted with a class of first-year university physics students in Sweden. The interaction with the activities of four of the students was selected for analysis. The four students are males.

    Design and methods

    We used a qualitative, interpretive approach to the study of students’ interaction.  The primary means of data collection was video recording of students’ work with the laboratory activities and their subsequent presentations. The analysis focused on how IR cameras helped students notice phenomena relating to thermal radiation, with comparison to previous research on students’ conceptions of thermal radiation.

    Results

    When using the IR camera students attended to the reflection of thermal radiation on shiny surfaces, such as polished metals, windows or a white-board, and emissive properties of surfaces of different types. In this way, they went beyond using the technology as a temperature probe. Students were able to discuss merits and shortcomings of IR cameras in comparison with digital thermometers.

    Conclusions

    With the help of IR cameras, university physics students attend to thermal phenomena that would otherwise easily go unnoticed.

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  • 4. Khodadad, Davood
    et al.
    Amer, Eynas
    Gren, Per
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Single-shot dual-polarization holography: measurement of the polarization state of a magnetic sample2015In: SPECKLE 2015: VI International Conference on Speckle Metrology, 2015, p. UNSP 96601E-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper a single-shot digital holographic set-up with two orthogonally polarized reference beams is proposed to achieve rapid acquisition of Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect images. Principles of the method and the background theory for dynamic state of polarization measurement by use of digital holography are presented. This system has no mechanically moving elements or active elements for polarization control and modulation. An object beam is combined with two reference beams at different off-axis angles and is guided to a detector. Then two complex fields (interference terms) representing two orthogonal polarizations are recorded in a single frame simultaneously. Thereafter the complex fields are numerically reconstructed and carrier frequency calibration is done to remove aberrations introduced in multiplexed digital holographic recordings. From the numerical values of amplitude and phase, a real time quantitative analysis of the polarization state is possible by use of Jones vectors. The technique is demonstrated on a magnetic sample that is a lithographically patterned magnetic microstructure consisting of thin permalloy parallel stripes.

  • 5.
    Magnfalt, D.
    et al.
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, Nanoscale Engn Div, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden..
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Boyd, R. D.
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, Plasma & Coatings Phys Div, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden..
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Sarakinos, K.
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, Nanoscale Engn Div, SE-58183 Linkoping, Sweden..
    Synthesis of tunable plasmonic metal-ceramic nanocomposite thin films by temporally modulated sputtered fluxes2017In: Journal of Applied Physics, ISSN 0021-8979, E-ISSN 1089-7550, Vol. 121, no 17, article id 171918Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The scientific and technological interest for metal-dielectric nanocomposite thin films emanates from the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) on the metal component. The overall optical response of the nanocomposite is governed by the refractive index of the dielectric matrix and the properties of the metallic nanoparticles in terms of their bulk optical properties, size, and shape, and the inter-particle distance of separation. In order to tune the film morphology and optical properties, complex synthesis processes which include multiple steps-i. e., film deposition followed by post-deposition treatment by thermal or laser annealing-are commonly employed. In the present study, we demonstrate that the absorption resonances of Ag/AlOxNy nanocomposite films can be effectively tuned from green (similar to 2.4 eV) to violet (similar to 2.8 eV) using a single-step synthesis process that is based on modulating the arrival pattern of film forming species with sub-monolayer resolution, while keeping the amount of Ag in the films constant. Our data indicate that the optical response of the films is the result of LSPRs on isolated Ag nanoparticles that are seemingly shifted by dipolar interactions between neighboring particles. The synthesis strategy presented may be of relevance for enabling integration of plasmonic nanocomposite films on thermally sensitive substrates.

  • 6. Melander, Emil
    Bragg magnetoplasmons on a 2D lattice2014Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 7. Melander, Emil
    Construction of an optical and magneto-optical diffractometer for studies of patterned magnets2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    A MOKE setup was constructed and measurements have been performed in order to verify the versatility of this equipment. The quadrupole air core coils are capable of delivering a maximum magnetic field of 13 mT in longitudinal, transversal as well as polar MOKE. The diffractometer enables reflective scans (Kerr effect) from 20 to 90 degrees and transmissive scans (Faraday effect) from 0 to 90 degrees (optical convention). The combined equipment that constitutes of these two parts enables thorough characterization of optical, magnetical and magneto-optical phenomena which will be of great benefit for studies of patterned nano-magnets. The setup is designed to reveal the influence of optical effects coupled to various structures like plasmon resonances and plasmonic band gaps into the magnetic and magneto-optical properties of patterned nanostructures.

  • 8. Melander, Emil
    How to enhance the magneto-optical activity using surface plasmons and pure Ni antidot nanostructures2013Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 9.
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics. Uppsala University.
    Magnetoplasmonic nanostructures2016Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Surfaces that are nanopatterned, metallic, and magnetic can support surface plasmon resonances, providing an alternative and effective way to reconfigure flat optical components. Utilising a range of near- and far-field characterisation techniques, the optical and magneto-optical properties of lithographically patterned thin magnetic films are investigated.

    A magneto-optical diffractometer was designed, assembled, and commissioned to characterise periodic magneto-plasmonic nanostructures. For Ni and Co nanostructured antidot arrays, enhanced values of the magneto-optical Kerr rotation were recorded for energies and angles corresponding to excitations of surface plasmon polaritons. This enhancement was found to be thickness dependent. Modification of the optical properties via applied transverse magnetic fields and the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons, was demonstrated for an antidot array of pure Ni. The excitation was also shown to enhance the generation of second harmonics, as well as further activate nonlinear-optical mechanisms.

    In order to fully resolve and explain the source of this remarkable magneto-optical activity, near field probing techniques were used. This allows for mapping the electric near-field with a sub-wavelength resolution, thereby revealing the interplay between the light and the nanostructured lattice. The measurements show that the electric near field intensification, induced by plasmon excitation, increases the polarisation conversion, which correlates to the observed magneto-optical Kerr rotation.

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  • 10. Melander, Emil
    Surface plasmons and magneto-optical activity in hexagonal Ni antidot arrays2012Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The interaction between the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and a magnetic field in a pure magnetic metal is presented in this work. By utilizing nano patterned structures one can create plasmonic resonances on magnetic surfaces. We have investigated how hexagonal arrays of circular holes (250-275 nm) in a Ni matrix (anti-dot arrays) couple to plasmonic resonances and therefore how it changes the optical and magnetooptical spectra. We have performed angularly resolved scans of the reflectivity and transmission with and without application of magnetic field and compared them to theoretical calculations. We present signatures of SPPs as troughs in reflectivity and extraordinary transmission through the holes. In the plasmonic regimes a big enhancement of the magneto-optical response (polar moke) is observed. Application of a transverse magnetic field influences the excitation of SPPs as it can be seen by the big increase of magnetic contrast measured in the transverse MOKE configuration. These effects pave the road for the development of new optical components and sensors with great application potential.

  • 11. Melander, Emil
    Transverse MOKE Modulation usingPlasmons and 2D Nanostructures2014Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 12.
    Melander, Emil
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Chioar, Ioan-Augustin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Dannegger, Tobias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    George, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Papaioannou, Evangelos Th.
    Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Modular magneto-optical diffractometer for characterizing nanostructured magnetoplasmonic crystalsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract
  • 13.
    Melander, Emil
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    George, Sebastian M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Caballero, Blacna
    Keller, Sascha
    García-Martín, Antonio
    Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Papaioannou, Evangelos Th.
    Thickness dependent enhancement of the polar magneto-optic Kerr rotation in Co magnetoplasmonic nanostructuresManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 14.
    Melander, Emil
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    George, Sebastian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Papaioannou, Evangelos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Verschuuren, Marc
    Östman, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Spectral magneto-optical tunability using Bragg plasmons2015Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Magnetoplasmonics is a field where external magnetic fields are utilized to control the optical properties that come from plasmons. Active control of plasmonics has many applications in energy harvesting and nanosensing. [1]

    We demonstrate experimentally the optical and magnetooptical response from Bragg plasmons [2] using diffraction from magnetoplasmonic nanodisks arranged in a periodic 2D square pattern from the coupled islands. The circular islands are 450 nm in diameter and have a lateral periodicity of 512 nm. This enables diffraction parallel to the surface which in turn yields Bragg plasmon excitation due to the electric field enhancement. The alloy is a combination of Fe and Pd, Fe20Pd80, in order to have a simple material that has both the magnetic functionality as well as the plasmonic.

    Specular reflectivity and transverse magnetooptical Kerr effect (TMOKE) spectra [3] are compared to show how the optical measurements relate to the magnetooptical enhancement. The experimental data is compared to a simple diffraction model that accounts for the lateral dimensions of the nanostructure and the diffraction which gives the Bragg plasmon onset. In this way we show the link between the Bragg plasmon excitation and the changes in TMOKE asymmetry.

    [1] Gaspar Armelles and Alexandre Dmitriev, “Focus on magnetoplasmonics”, New J. Phys. 16 045012, 2014

    [2] Melander et al., “Spectral magnetooptical tunability from Bragg plasmons”, to be submitted

    [3] Melander et al., “Influence of the magnetic field on the plasmonic properties of transparent Ni anti-dot arrays”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 063107 (2012)

  • 15.
    Melander, Emil
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Gustavsson, Cecilia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Weiszflog, Matthias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Development of laboratory exercises in thermodynamics2013In: 4:e Utvecklingskonferensen för Sveriges ingenjörsutblidningar, Umeå: Tekniska högskolan, Umeå universitet , 2013, p. 65-68Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 16.
    Melander, Emil
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Haglund, Jesper
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Physics Didactics.
    Weiszflog, Matthias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Andersson, Staffan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Physics Didactics.
    More than meets the eye: Infrared cameras in open-ended university thermodynamics labs2016In: Physics Teacher, ISSN 0031-921X, E-ISSN 1943-4928, Vol. 54, no 9, p. 528-531Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Educational research has found that students have challenges understanding thermal science. Undergraduate physics students have difficulties differentiating basic thermal concepts, such as heat, temperature, and internal energy. Engineering students have been found to have difficulties grasping surface emissivity as a thermal material property. One potential source of students’ challenges with thermal science is the lack of opportunity to visualize energy transfer in intuitive ways with traditional measurement equipment. Thermodynamics laboratories have typically depended on point measures of temperature by use of thermometers (detecting heat conduction) or pyrometers (detecting heat radiation). In contrast, thermal imaging by means of an infrared (IR) camera provides a real-time, holistic image. Here we provide some background on IR cameras and their uses in education, and summarize five qualitative investigations that we have used in our courses.

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  • 17.
    Melander, Emil
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Haglund, Jesper
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Physics Didactics.
    Weiszflog, Matthias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Applied Nuclear Physics.
    Andersson, Staffan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Physics Didactics.
    To see the invisible: open-ended university thermodynamics labs with infrared cameras2015In: Proceedings från 5:e Utvecklingskonferensen för Sveriges ingenjörsutbildningar: Technical Report 2016-002 / [ed] Stefan Pålsson & Björn Victor, Uppsala, 2015, p. 35-37Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Thermal imaging with an infrared (IR) camera provides a real-time, holistic image of thermal energy transport. In this workshop, we engage with open-ended laboratory exercises where IR cameras give added value to the understanding of central concepts in second year university thermodynamics courses for physics and engineering students.

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  • 18.
    Melander, Emil
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Östman, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Keller, Janine
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy.
    Schmidt, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy.
    Papaioannou, Evangelos Th.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Arnalds, Unnar B.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Caballero, B.
    Garcia-Martin, A.
    Cuevas, J. C.
    Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Influence of the magnetic field on the plasmonic properties of transparent Ni anti-dot arrays2012In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 101, no 6, p. 063107-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Extraordinary optical transmission is observed due to the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons in 2-dimensional hexagonal anti-dot patterns of pure Ni thin films, grown on sapphire substrates. A strong enhancement of the polar Kerr rotation is recorded at the surface plasmon related transmission maximum. Angular resolved reflectivity measurements under an applied field reveal an enhancement and a shift of the normalized reflectivity difference upon reversal of the magnetic saturation (transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect-TMOKE). The change of the TMOKE signal clearly shows the magnetic field modulation of the dispersion relation of SPPs launched in a 2D patterned ferromagnetic Ni film. (C) 2012 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4742931]

  • 19. Melander, Emil
    et al.
    Östman, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Papaioannou, Evangelos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Kerr effect enhancement in Ni antidot hexagonal nanostructures2013Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Angular resolved transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect (TMOKE) measurements provide a versatile tool for optical characterization of plasmonic nanostructures and show how plasmons couple to the applied magnetic field. These measurements show TMOKE enhancements that are closely connected to the plasmonic resonances of the nanostructures. This is seen even without noble metal layers that are traditionally used as the most important enhancing parameter. Measurements with these methods on hexagonal arrays of circular holes in thin Ni films (Ni covered with Au [1] as well as pure Ni [2]) are presented and compared with reference Ni films. The hole sizes of the two samples are 250 nm for the Au covered Ni and 220 nm for the pure Ni, the periodicities are 470 nm for the Au covered and 450 nm for the pure Ni. The TMOKE asymmetry coincides well with the plasmonic resonance showing a large increase of the signal. Drops in reflectivity, enhanced magneto-optical activity and transmission are reported which are closely connected with the formation of surface plasmons. One signature feature of plasmons, the drop in reflectivity followed by the Fano resonance, is shown to yield an increased magneto-optical asymmetry and therefore an increased sensitivity in the measurement even though the signal-to-noise ratio from the light source is significantly decreased. By comparing the two cases one can see that even though the plasmonic signal (in reflectivity) is much smaller for the pure Ni (less than 10% change in reflectivity compared to that of the Au covered Ni) the magneto-plasmonic signal is only about 20% smaller (0.048% compared to 0.06% for the Au covered Ni) which shows that magneto-optical methods have a higher sensitivity to the plasmonic states and can also be used to characterize the magneto-plasmonic properties. With this type of patterned nanostructures, we have shown that it is possible to enhance the magneto-optical activity due to the coupling to the plasmonic resonance in pure magnetic Ni (self-passivation thickness ~1nm). This enables purely magnetic plasmonic structures (no noble metal required) and paves the way for circuits where the applied magnetization can be a great tool for controlling, enhancing and sensing the plasmonic effects.

    [1] E. Th. Papaioannou et al., Opt. Express 19, 23867 (2011)

    [2] E. Melander et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 063107 (2012)

  • 20.
    Papaioannou, Evangelos Th.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Pappas, Spiridon D.
    Patoka, Piotr
    Giersig, Michael
    Fumagalli, Paul
    Garcia-Martin, Antonio
    Ctistis, Georgios
    Surface plasmons and magneto-optic activity in hexagonal Ni anti-dot arrays2011In: Optics Express, E-ISSN 1094-4087, Vol. 19, no 24, p. 23867-23877Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The influence of surface plasmons on the magneto-optic activity in a two-dimensional hexagonal array is addressed. The experiments were performed using hexagonal array of circular holes in a ferromagnetic Ni film. Well pronounced troughs are observed in the optical reflectivity, resulting from the presence of surface plasmons. The surface plasmons are found to strongly enhance the magneto-optic response (Kerr rotation), as compared to a continuous film of the same composition. The influence of the hexagonal symmetry of the pattern on the coupling between the plasmonic excitations is demonstrated, using optical diffraction measurements and theoretical calculations of the magneto-optic and of the angular dependence of the optical activity.

  • 21. Razdolski, I.
    et al.
    Gheorghe, D. G.
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Patoka, P.
    Kimel, A. V.
    Kirilyuk, A.
    Papaioannou, Evangelos Th.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Rasing, Th.
    Nonlocal nonlinear magneto-optical response of a magnetoplasmonic crystal2013In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, ISSN 1098-0121, E-ISSN 1550-235X, Vol. 88, no 7, p. 075436-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Surface plasma resonance (SPR) excitation in a Co-based two-dimensional magnetoplasmonic crystal was found to strongly enhance the second-harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency. Large changes in the phase shift between magnetic and nonmagnetic SHG contributions were observed in the transversal Kerr effect as a function of the incidence angle. The activation of a nonlocal quadrupole mechanism of the magnetic SHG due to the SPR excitation was found to lead to an unusual phase behavior in the vicinity of the resonance.

  • 22. Rollinger, Markus
    et al.
    Thielen, Philip
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Östman, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Obry, Björn
    Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Phys, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany;Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
    Cinchetti, Mirko
    García-Martín, Antonio
    Aeschlimann, Martin
    Papaioannou, Evangelos Th.
    Fachbereich Physik and Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern.
    Light Localization and Magneto-Optic Enhancement in Ni Antidot Arrays2016In: Nano letters (Print), ISSN 1530-6984, E-ISSN 1530-6992, Vol. 16, no 4, p. 2432-2438Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We reveal an explicit strategy to design the magneto-optic response of a magneto-plasmonic crystal by correlating near- and far-fields effects. We use photoemission electron microscopy to map the spatial distribution of the electric near-field on a nanopatterned magnetic surface that supports plasmon polaritons. By using different photon energies and polarization states of the incident light we reveal that the electric near-field is either concentrated in spots forming a hexagonal lattice with the same symmetry as the Ni nanopattern or in stripes oriented along the Gamma-K direction of the lattice and perpendicular to the polarization direction. We show that the polarization-dependent near-field enhancement on the patterned surface is directly correlated to both the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons on the patterned surface as well as the enhancement of the polar magneto-optical Kerr effect. We obtain a relationship between the size of the enhanced magneto optical behavior and the polarization and wavelength of optical excitation. The engineering of the magneto-optic response based on the plasmon-induced modification of the optical properties introduces the concept of a magneto-plasmonic meta-structure.

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  • 23.
    Rowan-Robinson, Richard M.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Chioar, Ioan-Augustin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Caballero, Blanca
    CSIC, CNM, IMM, Isaac Newton 8,PTM, E-28760 Madrid, Spain.
    Garcia-Martin, Antonio
    CSIC, CNM, IMM, Isaac Newton 8,PTM, E-28760 Madrid, Spain.
    Papaioannou, Evangelos Th.
    Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Phys, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany;Tech Univ Kaiserslautern, Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Thickness dependent enhancement of the polar Kerr rotation in Co magnetoplasmonic nanostructures2019In: AIP Advances, E-ISSN 2158-3226, Vol. 9, no 2, article id 025317Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Large surface plasmon polariton assisted enhancement of the magneto-optical activity has been observed in the past, through spectral measurements of the polar Kerr rotation in Co hexagonal antidot arrays. Here, we report a strong thickness dependence, which is unexpected given that the Kerr effect is considered a surface sensitive phenomena. The maximum Kerr rotation was found to be -0.66 degrees for a 100 nm thick sample. This thickness is far above the typical optical penetration depth of a continuous Co film, demonstrating that in the presence of plasmons the critical lengthscales are dramatically altered, and in this case extended. We therefore establish that the plasmon enhanced Kerr effect does not only depend on the in-plane structuring of the sample, but also on the out-of-plane geometrical parameters, which is an important consideration in magnetoplasmonic device design. (c) 2019 Author(s).

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  • 24.
    Östman, Erik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Arnalds, Unnar B
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Kapaklis, Vassilios
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Pálsson, Gunnar K
    Saw, Alexander Y
    Verschuuren, Marc A
    Kronast, Florian
    Papaioannou, Evangelos Th
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Fadley, Charles S
    Hjörvarsson, Björgvin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Materials Physics.
    Hysteresis-free switching between vortex and collinear magnetic states2014In: New Journal of Physics, E-ISSN 1367-2630, Vol. 16, p. 053002-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We demonstrate a lossless switching between vortex and collinear magnetic states in circular FePd disks arranged in a square lattice. Above a bifurcation temperature (Te) we show that thermal fluctuations are enough to facilitate flipping between the two distinctly different magnetic states. We find that the temperature dependence of the vortex annihilation and nucleation fields can be described by a simple power law relating them to the saturation magnetization.

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