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  • 1. Agudo, Antonio
    et al.
    Bonet, Catalina
    Travier, Noemie
    Gonzalez, Carlos A.
    Vineis, Paolo
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Schuetze, Madlen
    Boeing, Heiner
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Halkjaer, Jytte
    Overvad, Kim
    Dahm, Christina C.
    Ramon Quiros, J.
    Sanchez, Maria-Jose
    Larranaga, Nerea
    Navarro, Carmen
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Key, Timothy J.
    Allen, Naomi E.
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Palli, Domenico
    Sieri, Sabina
    Tumino, Rosario
    Panico, Salvatore
    Boshuizen, Hendriek
    Buchner, Frederike L.
    Peeters, Petra H. M.
    Borgquist, Signe
    Almquist, Martin
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry.
    Gram, Inger T.
    Lund, Eiliv
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Riboli, Elio
    Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study2012In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, ISSN 0732-183X, E-ISSN 1527-7755, Vol. 30, no 36, p. 4550-4557Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose Our aim was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on the risk of the tumors classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as causally associated with smoking, referred to as tobacco-related cancers (TRC). Methods The study population included 441,211 participants (133,018 men and 308,193 women) from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. We investigated 14,563 participants who developed a TRC during an average follow-up of 11 years. The impact of smoking cigarettes on cancer risk was assessed by the population attributable fraction (AF(p)), calculated using the adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CI for current and former smokers, plus either the prevalence of smoking among cancer cases or estimates from surveys in representative samples of the population in each country. Results The proportion of all TRC attributable to cigarette smoking was 34.9% (95% CI, 32.5 to 37.4) using the smoking prevalence among cases and 36.2% (95% CI, 33.7 to 38.6) using the smoking prevalence from the population. The AF(p) were above 80% for cancers of the lung and larynx, between 20% and 50% for most respiratory and digestive cancers and tumors from the lower urinary tract, and below 20% for the remaining TRC. Conclusion Using data on cancer incidence for 2008 and our AF(p) estimates, about 270,000 new cancer diagnoses per year can be considered attributable to cigarette smoking in the eight European countries with available data for both men and women (Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Sweden, Denmark). 

  • 2. Agudo, Antonio
    et al.
    Sala, Naría
    Pera, Guillem
    Capella, Gabriel
    Berenguer, Antonio
    García, Nadia
    Palli, Domenico
    Boeing, Heiner
    Del Giudice, Giuseppe
    Saieva, Calogero
    Carneiro, Fatima
    Berrino, Franco
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Tumino, Rosario
    Panico, Salvatore
    Berglund, Göran
    Siman, Henrik
    Stenling, Roger
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology. Patologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Martínez, Carmen
    Bilbao, Roberto
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Navarro, Carmen
    Quiros, José
    Allen, Naomi
    Key, Tim
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Olsen, Anja
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C
    Peeters, Petra H
    Numans, Mattijs E
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoíse
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lund, Eiliv
    Offerhaus, Johan
    Jenab, Mazda
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Norat, Teresa
    Riboli, Elio
    González, Carlos A
    Polymorphisms in metabolic genes related to tobacco smoke and the risk of gastric cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.2006In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 15, no 12, p. 2427-34Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 3. Agudo, Antonio
    et al.
    Sala, Nária
    Pera, Guillem
    Capella, Gabriel
    Berenguer, Antonio
    García, Nadia
    Palli, Domenico
    Boeing, Heiner
    Del Giudice, Giuseppe
    Saieva, Calogero
    Carneiro, Fatima
    Berrino, Franco
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Tumino, Rosario
    Panico, Salvatore
    Berglund, Göran
    Siman, Henrik
    Stenling, Roger
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology. Patologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Martínez, Carmen
    Amiano, Pilar
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Navarro, Carmen
    Qui, Jose R
    Allen, Naomi
    Key, Tim
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Olsen, Anja
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C
    Peeters, Petra H
    Numans, Mattijs E
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoíse
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lund, Eiliv
    Báker, Hendrik
    Jenab, Mazda
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Norat, Teresa
    Riboli, Elio
    González, Carlos A
    No association between polymorphisms in CYP2E1, GSTM1, NAT1, NAT2 and the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.2006In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 15, no 5, p. 1043-5Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 4. Ahmad, S
    et al.
    Poveda, A
    Shungin, Dmitry
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Barroso, I
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Renström, Frida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Franks, Paul W
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
    Established BMI-associated genetic variants and their prospective associations with BMI and other cardiometabolic traits: the GLACIER Study2016In: International Journal of Obesity, ISSN 0307-0565, E-ISSN 1476-5497, Vol. 40, no 9, p. 1346-1352Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Recent cross-sectional genome-wide scans have reported associations of 97 independent loci with body mass index (BMI). In 3541 middle-aged adult participants from the GLACIER Study, we tested whether these loci are associated with 10-year changes in BMI and other cardiometabolic traits (fasting and 2-h glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures).

    METHODS: A BMI-specific genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated by summing the BMI-associated effect alleles at each locus. Trait-specific cardiometabolic GRSs comprised only the loci that show nominal association (P⩽0.10) with the respective trait in the original cross-sectional study. In longitudinal genetic association analyses, the second visit trait measure (assessed ~10 years after baseline) was used as the dependent variable and the models were adjusted for the baseline measure of the outcome trait, age, age(2), fasting time (for glucose and lipid traits), sex, follow-up time and population substructure.

    RESULTS: The BMI-specific GRS was associated with increased BMI at follow-up (β=0.014 kg m(-2) per allele per 10-year follow-up, s.e.=0.006, P=0.019) as were three loci (PARK2 rs13191362, P=0.005; C6orf106 rs205262, P=0.043; and C9orf93 rs4740619, P=0.01). Although not withstanding Bonferroni correction, a handful of single-nucleotide polymorphisms was nominally associated with changes in blood pressure, glucose and lipid levels.

    CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, established BMI-associated loci convey modest but statistically significant time-dependent associations with long-term changes in BMI, suggesting a role for effect modification by factors that change with time in this population.

  • 5. Ahmad, Shafqat
    et al.
    Rukh, Gull
    Varga, Tibor V
    Ali, Ashfaq
    Kurbasic, Azra
    Shungin, Dmitry
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology. Lund University.
    Ericson, Ulrika
    Koivula, Robert W
    Chu, Audrey Y
    Rose, Lynda M
    Ganna, Andrea
    Qi, Qibin
    Stancakova, Alena
    Sandholt, Camilla H
    Elks, Cathy E
    Curhan, Gary
    Jensen, Majken K
    Tamimi, Rulla M
    Allin, Kristine H
    Jorgensen, Torben
    Brage, Soren
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Aadahl, Mette
    Grarup, Niels
    Linneberg, Allan
    Pare, Guillaume
    Magnusson, Patrik KE
    Pedersen, Nancy L
    Boehnke, Michael
    Hamsten, Anders
    Mohlke, Karen L
    Pasquale, Louis T
    Pedersen, Oluf
    Scott, Robert A
    Ridker, Paul M
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Laakso, Markku
    Hansen, Torben
    Qi, Lu
    Wareham, Nicholas J
    Chasman, Daniel I
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Hu, Frank B
    Renström, Frida
    Orho-Melander, Marju
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Lund University and Harvard University.
    Gene x physical activity interactions in obesity: combined analysis of 111,421 individuals of European ancestry2013In: PLOS Genetics, ISSN 1553-7390, E-ISSN 1553-7404, Vol. 9, no 7, p. e1003607-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Numerous obesity loci have been identified using genome-wide association studies. A UK study indicated that physical activity may attenuate the cumulative effect of 12 of these loci, but replication studies are lacking. Therefore, we tested whether the aggregate effect of these loci is diminished in adults of European ancestry reporting high levels of physical activity. Twelve obesity-susceptibility loci were genotyped or imputed in 111,421 participants. A genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated by summing the BMI-associated alleles of each genetic variant. Physical activity was assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Multiplicative interactions between the GRS and physical activity on BMI were tested in linear and logistic regression models in each cohort, with adjustment for age, age(2), sex, study center (for multicenter studies), and the marginal terms for physical activity and the GRS. These results were combined using meta-analysis weighted by cohort sample size. The meta-analysis yielded a statistically significant GRS x physical activity interaction effect estimate (P-interaction = 0.015). However, a statistically significant interaction effect was only apparent in North American cohorts (n = 39,810, P-interaction = 0.014 vs. n = 71,611, P-interaction = 0.275 for Europeans). In secondary analyses, both the FTO rs1121980 (P-interaction = 0.003) and the SEC16B rs10913469 (P-interaction = 0.025) variants showed evidence of SNP x physical activity interactions. This meta-analysis of 111,421 individuals provides further support for an interaction between physical activity and a GRS in obesity disposition, although these findings hinge on the inclusion of cohorts from North America, indicating that these results are either population-specific or non-causal.

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  • 6. Airoldi, Luisa
    et al.
    Vineis, Paolo
    Colombi, Alessandro
    Olgiati, Luca
    Dell'Osta, Carlo
    Fanelli, Roberto
    Manzi, Luca
    Veglia, Fabrizio
    Autrup, Herman
    Dunning, Alison
    Garte, Seymour
    Hainaut, Pierre
    Hoek, Gerard
    Krzyzanowski, Michal
    Malaveille, Christian
    Matullo, Giuseppe
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Boeing, Heiner
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Palli, Domenico
    Peluso, Marco
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Tumino, Rosario
    Panico, Salvatore
    Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik B
    Peeters, Petra H
    Lund, Eiliv
    Agudo, Antonio
    Martinez, Carmen
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Chirlaque, M Dolores
    Quiros, Josè R
    Berglund, Goran
    Järvholm, Bengt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Day, Nicholas E
    Allen, Naomi
    Saracci, Rodolfo
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Riboli, Elio
    4-Aminobiphenyl-hemoglobin adducts and risk of smoking-related disease in never smokers and former smokers in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition prospective study.2005In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 14, no 9, p. 2118-24Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 7. Albrechtsen, A.
    et al.
    Grarup, N.
    Li, Y.
    Sparso, T.
    Tian, G.
    Cao, H.
    Jiang, T.
    Kim, S. Y.
    Korneliussen, T.
    Li, Q.
    Nie, C.
    Wu, R.
    Skotte, L.
    Morris, A. P.
    Ladenvall, C.
    Cauchi, S.
    Stancakova, A.
    Andersen, G.
    Astrup, A.
    Banasik, K.
    Bennett, A. J.
    Bolund, L.
    Charpentier, G.
    Chen, Y.
    Dekker, J. M.
    Doney, A. S. F.
    Dorkhan, M.
    Forsen, T.
    Frayling, T. M.
    Groves, C. J.
    Gui, Y.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Hattersley, A. T.
    He, K.
    Hitman, G. A.
    Holmkvist, J.
    Huang, S.
    Jiang, H.
    Jin, X.
    Justesen, J. M.
    Kristiansen, K.
    Kuusisto, J.
    Lajer, M.
    Lantieri, O.
    Li, W.
    Liang, H.
    Liao, Q.
    Liu, X.
    Ma, T.
    Ma, X.
    Manijak, M. P.
    Marre, M.
    Mokrosinski, J.
    Morris, A. D.
    Mu, B.
    Nielsen, A. A.
    Nijpels, G.
    Nilsson, P.
    Palmer, C. N. A.
    Rayner, N. W.
    Renstrom, F.
    Ribel-Madsen, R.
    Robertson, N.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Rossing, P.
    Schwartz, T. W.
    Slagboom, P. E.
    Sterner, M.
    Tang, M.
    Tarnow, L.
    Tuomi, T.
    van't Riet, E.
    van Leeuwen, N.
    Varga, T. V.
    Vestmar, M. A.
    Walker, M.
    Wang, B.
    Wang, Y.
    Wu, H.
    Xi, F.
    Yengo, L.
    Yu, C.
    Zhang, X.
    Zhang, J.
    Zhang, Q.
    Zhang, W.
    Zheng, H.
    Zhou, Y.
    Altshuler, D.
    't Hart, L. M.
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Balkau, B.
    Froguel, P.
    McCarthy, M. I.
    Laakso, M.
    Groop, L.
    Christensen, C.
    Brandslund, I.
    Lauritzen, T.
    Witte, D. R.
    Linneberg, A.
    Jorgensen, T.
    Hansen, T.
    Wang, J.
    Nielsen, R.
    Pedersen, O.
    Exome sequencing-driven discovery of coding polymorphisms associated with common metabolic phenotypes2013In: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 56, no 2, p. 298-310Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Human complex metabolic traits are in part regulated by genetic determinants. Here we applied exome sequencing to identify novel associations of coding polymorphisms at minor allele frequencies (MAFs) > 1% with common metabolic phenotypes. The study comprised three stages. We performed medium-depth (8x) whole exome sequencing in 1,000 cases with type 2 diabetes, BMI > 27.5 kg/m(2) and hypertension and in 1,000 controls (stage 1). We selected 16,192 polymorphisms nominally associated (p < 0.05) with case-control status, from four selected annotation categories or from loci reported to associate with metabolic traits. These variants were genotyped in 15,989 Danes to search for association with 12 metabolic phenotypes (stage 2). In stage 3, polymorphisms showing potential associations were genotyped in a further 63,896 Europeans. Exome sequencing identified 70,182 polymorphisms with MAF > 1%. In stage 2 we identified 51 potential associations with one or more of eight metabolic phenotypes covered by 45 unique polymorphisms. In meta-analyses of stage 2 and stage 3 results, we demonstrated robust associations for coding polymorphisms in CD300LG (fasting HDL-cholesterol: MAF 3.5%, p = 8.5 x 10(-14)), COBLL1 (type 2 diabetes: MAF 12.5%, OR 0.88, p = 1.2 x 10(-11)) and MACF1 (type 2 diabetes: MAF 23.4%, OR 1.10, p = 8.2 x 10(-10)). We applied exome sequencing as a basis for finding genetic determinants of metabolic traits and show the existence of low-frequency and common coding polymorphisms with impact on common metabolic traits. Based on our study, coding polymorphisms with MAF above 1% do not seem to have particularly high effect sizes on the measured metabolic traits.

  • 8. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jenab, Mazda
    Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H
    Jansen, Eugene
    van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Riboli, Elio
    Romaguera, Dora
    Overvad, Kim
    Ostergaard, Jane Nautrup
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Morois, Sophie
    Masala, Giovanna
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Panico, Salvatore
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Naska, Androniki
    Bamia, Christina
    Peeters, Petra H
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Buckland, Genevieve
    Sánchez, María-José
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Huerta, Jose-María
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Palmqvist, Richard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nicholas
    Allen, Naomi E
    Tsilidis, Konstantinos K
    Pischon, Tobias
    Metabolic syndrome and risks of colon and rectal cancer: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study.2011In: Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), ISSN 1940-6215, Vol. 4, no 11, p. 1873-83Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is purportedly related to risk of developing colorectal cancer; however, the association of MetS, as defined according to recent international criteria, and colorectal cancer has not been yet evaluated. In particular, it remains unclear to what extent the MetS components individually account for such an association. We addressed these issues in a nested case-control study that included 1,093 incident cases matched (1:1) to controls by using incidence density sampling. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% CIs. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATPIII), the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and the 2009 harmonized definition. Among individual components, abdominal obesity (RR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.16-1.96) was associated with colon cancer, whereas abnormal glucose metabolism was associated with both colon (RR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.57-2.68) and rectal cancer (RR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.45-2.96). MetS, as defined by each of the definitions, was similarly associated with colon cancer (e.g., RR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.47-2.42 for MetS by NCEP/ATPIII), whereas MetS by NCEP/ATPIII, but not IDF or harmonized definition, was associated with rectal cancer (RR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.02-2.06). Overall, these associations were stronger in women than in men. However, the association between MetS and colorectal cancer was accounted for by abdominal obesity and abnormal glucose metabolism such that MetS did not provide risk information beyond these components (likelihood ratio test P = 0.10 for MetS by NCEP/ATPIII). These data suggest that simple assessment of abnormal glucose metabolism and/or abdominal obesity to identify individuals at colorectal cancer risk may have higher clinical utility than applying more complex MetS definitions. Cancer Prev Res; 4(11); 1873-83. ©2011 AACR.

  • 9. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jenab, Mazda
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Jansen, Eugene
    van Duijnhoven, Fränzel JB
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Riboli, Elio
    Romaguera, Dora
    Westphal, Sabine
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Mattiello, Amalia
    Saieva, Calogero
    Vineis, Paolo
    Tumino, Rosario
    Peeters, Petra H
    Argüelles, Marcial
    Bonet, Catalina
    Sánchez, María-José
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Huerta, Jose-María
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Palmqvist, Richard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Allen, Naomi E
    Crowe, Francesca L
    Pischon, Tobias
    Total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin and risk of colorectal cancer: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study2012In: Carcinogenesis, ISSN 0143-3334, E-ISSN 1460-2180, Vol. 33, no 6, p. 1211-1218Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Adiponectin - an adipose-tissue-derived protein may provide a molecular link between obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC), but evidence from large prospective studies is limited. In particular, no epidemiological study explored high-molecular-weight (HMW) and non-HMW adiponectin fractions in relation to CRC risk, despite they were hypothesised to have differential biological activities, i.e. regulating insulin sensitivity (HMW-adiponectin) versus inflammatory response (non-HMW-adiponectin). In a prospective nested case-control study we investigated whether pre-diagnostic serum concentrations of total, HMW and non-HMW-adiponectin are associated with risk of CRC, independent of obesity and other known CRC risk factors. A total of 1206 incident cases (755 colon, 451 rectal) were matched to 1206 controls using incidence density sampling. In conditional logistic regression, adjusted for dietary and lifestyle factors, total adiponectin and non-HMW-adiponectin concentrations were inversely associated with risk of CRC [relative risk (RR) comparing highest versus lowest quintile = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.53-0.95, P (trend)=0.03 for total adiponectin and 0.45, 95%CI=0.34-0.61, P (trend)<0.0001 for non-HMW-adiponectin]. HMW-adiponectin concentrations were not associated with CRC risk (RR=0.91, 95%CI=0.68-1.22, P (trend)=0.55). Non-HMW-adiponectin was associated with CRC risk even after adjustment for body mass index and waist circumference (RR=0.39, 95%CI=0.26-0.60, P (trend)<0.0001); whereas the association with total adiponectin was no longer significant (RR=0.81, 95%CI=0.60-1.09, P (trend)=0.23). When stratified by cancer site, non-HMW-adiponectin was inversely associated with both colon and rectal cancer. These findings suggest an important role of the relative proportion of non-HMW-adiponectin in CRC pathogenesis. Future studies are warranted to confirm these results and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

  • 10. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Drogan, Dagmar
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jenab, Mazda
    Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H
    Jansen, Eugene
    van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Riboli, Elio
    Gunter, Marc J
    Romaguera, Dora
    Westhpal, Sabine
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Halkjaer, Jytte
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Vidalis, Pavlos
    Panico, Salvatore
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Buckland, Genevieve
    Sánchez-Cruz, José-Juan
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Díaz, María José Tormo
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Ramon Quiros, J
    Peeters, Petra H
    May, Anne M
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Palmqvist, Richard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Crowe, Francesca L
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nickolas
    Pischon, Tobias
    Adiposity, mediating biomarkers and risk of colon cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study2014In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 134, no 3, p. 612-621Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Adiposity is a risk factor for colon cancer, but underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We evaluated the extent to which 11 biomarkers with inflammatory and metabolic actions mediate the association of adiposity measures, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI), with colon cancer in men and women. We analyzed data from a prospective nested case-control study among 662 incident colon cancer cases matched within risk sets to 662 controls. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression. The percent effect change and corresponding CIs were estimated after adjusting for biomarkers shown to be associated with colon cancer risk. After multivariable adjustment, WC was associated with colon cancer risk in men (top vs. bottom tertile RR 1.68, 95% CI 1.06-2.65; ptrend  = 0.02) and in women (RR 1.67, 95% CI 1.09-2.56; ptrend  = 0.03). BMI was associated with risk only in men. The association of WC with colon cancer was accounted mostly for by three biomarkers, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-molecular-weight adiponectin and soluble leptin receptor, which in combination explained 46% (95% CI 37-57%) of the association in men and 50% (95% CI 40-65%) of the association in women. Similar results were observed for the associations with BMI in men. These data suggest that alterations in levels of these metabolic biomarkers may represent a primary mechanism of action in the relation of adiposity with colon cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine whether altering their concentrations may reduce colon cancer risk.

  • 11. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Jenab, Mazda
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jansen, Eugene
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Riboli, Elio
    Overvad, Kim
    Dahm, Christina C
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Morois, Sophie
    Palli, Domenico
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Panico, Salvatore
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    van Duijnhoven, Fränzel JB
    Leufkens, Anke M
    Peeters, Petra H
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Bonet, Catalina
    Sánchez, María-José
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Navarro, Carmen
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Palmqvist, Richard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nicholas
    Allen, Naomi E
    Spencer, Elizabeth
    Romaguera, Dora
    Norat, Teresa
    Pischon, Tobias
    Circulating C-reactive protein concentrations and risks of colon and rectal cancer: a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition2010In: American Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0002-9262, E-ISSN 1476-6256, Vol. 172, no 4, p. 407-418Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The authors investigated associations between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and colon and rectal cancer risk in a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (1992-2003) among 1,096 incident cases and 1,096 controls selected using risk-set sampling and matched on study center, age, sex, time of blood collection, fasting status, menopausal status, menstrual cycle phase, and hormone replacement therapy. In conditional logistic regression with adjustment for education, smoking, nutritional factors, body mass index, and waist circumference, CRP showed a significant nonlinear association with colon cancer risk but not rectal cancer risk. Multivariable-adjusted relative risks for CRP concentrations of > or = 3.0 mg/L versus <1.0 mg/L were 1.36 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.85; P-trend = 0.01) for colon cancer and 1.02 (95% CI: 0.67, 1.57; P-trend = 0.65) for rectal cancer. Colon cancer risk was significantly increased in men (relative risk = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.73; P-trend = 0.01) but not in women (relative risk = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.67, 1.68; P-trend = 0.13). Additional adjustment for C-peptide, glycated hemoglobin, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol did not attenuate these results. These data provide evidence that elevated CRP concentrations are related to a higher risk of colon cancer but not rectal cancer, predominantly among men and independently of obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia.

  • 12. Ali, Ashfaq
    et al.
    Varga, Tibor V.
    Stojkovic, Ivana A.
    Schulz, Christina-Alexandra
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Barroso, Ines
    Poveda, Alaitz
    Renström, Frida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Orho-Melander, Marju
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
    Do Genetic Factors Modify the Relationship Between Obesity and Hypertriglyceridemia?: Findings From the GLACIER and the MDC Studies2016In: Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics, ISSN 1942-325X, E-ISSN 1942-3268, Vol. 9, no 2, p. 162-171Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Obesity is a major risk factor for dyslipidemia, but this relationship is highly variable. Recently published data from 2 Danish cohorts suggest that genetic factors may underlie some of this variability.

    Methods and Results We tested whether established triglyceride-associated loci modify the relationship of body mass index (BMI) and triglyceride concentrations in 2 Swedish cohorts (the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions and Complex Traits Involved in Elevated Disease Risk [GLACIER Study; N=4312] and the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study [N=5352]). The genetic loci were amalgamated into a weighted genetic risk score (WGRS(TG)) by summing the triglyceride-elevating alleles (weighted by their established marginal effects) for all loci. Both BMI and the WGRS(TG) were strongly associated with triglyceride concentrations in GLACIER, with each additional BMI unit (kg/m(2)) associated with 2.8% (P=8.4x10(-84)) higher triglyceride concentration and each additional WGRS(TG) unit with 2% (P=7.6x10(-48)) higher triglyceride concentration. Each unit of the WGRS(TG) was associated with 1.5% higher triglyceride concentrations in normal weight and 2.4% higher concentrations in overweight/obese participants (P-interaction=0.056). Meta-analyses of results from the Swedish cohorts yielded a statistically significant WGRS(TG)xBMI interaction effect (P-interaction=6.0x10(-4)), which was strengthened by including data from the Danish cohorts (P-interaction=6.5x10(-7)). In the meta-analysis of the Swedish cohorts, nominal evidence of a 3-way interaction (WGRS(TG)xBMIxsex) was observed (P-interaction=0.03), where the WGRS(TG)xBMI interaction was only statistically significant in females. Using protein-protein interaction network analyses, we identified molecular interactions and pathways elucidating the metabolic relationships between BMI and triglyceride-associated loci.

    Conclusions Our findings provide evidence that body fatness accentuates the effects of genetic susceptibility variants in hypertriglyceridemia, effects that are most evident in females.

  • 13. Allen, N E
    et al.
    Key, T J
    Appleby, P N
    Travis, R C
    Roddam, A W
    Tjønneland, A
    Johnsen, N F
    Overvad, K
    Linseisen, J
    Rohrmann, S
    Boeing, H
    Pischon, T
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B
    Kiemeney, L
    Tagliabue, G
    Palli, D
    Vineis, P
    Tumino, R
    Trichopoulou, A
    Kassapa, C
    Trichopoulos, D
    Ardanaz, E
    Larrañaga, N
    Tormo, M-J
    González, C A
    Quirós, J R
    Sánchez, M-J
    Bingham, S
    Khaw, K-T
    Manjer, J
    Berglund, G
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. Urologi och andrologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Slimani, N
    Ferrari, P
    Rinaldi, S
    Riboli, E
    Animal foods, protein, calcium and prostate cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.2008In: Br J Cancer, ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 98, no 9, p. 1574-81Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 14. Allen, Naomi E
    et al.
    Appleby, Paul N
    Key, Timothy J
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B
    Ros, Martine M
    Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Roswall, Nina
    Overvad, Kim
    Weikert, Steffen
    Boeing, Heiner
    Chang-Claude, Jenny
    Teucher, Birgit
    Panico, Salvatore
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Tumino, Rosario
    Palli, Domenico
    Sieri, Sabina
    Peeters, Petra
    Quirós, Jose Ramón
    Jakszyn, Paula
    Molina-Montes, Esther
    Chirlaque, María-Dolores
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Ljungberg, Börje
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Ehrnström, Roy
    Ericson, Ulrika
    Gram, Inger Torhild
    Parr, Christine L
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Karapetyan, Tina
    Dilis, Vardis
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Fagherrazzi, Guy
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Gunter, Marc J
    Riboli, Elio
    Macronutrient intake and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition2013In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 132, no 3, p. 635-644Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous studies have suggested that dietary factors may be important in the development of bladder cancer. We examined macronutrient intake in relation to risk of urothelial cell carcinoma among 469,339 men and women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Associations were examined using Cox regression, stratified by sex, age at recruitment and centre and further adjusted for smoking status and duration, body mass index and total energy intake. After an average of 11.3 years of follow-up, 1,416 new cases of urothelial cell carcinoma were identified. After allowing for measurement error, a 3% increase in the consumption of energy intake from animal protein was associated with a 15% higher risk (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3-30%; p(trend) = 0.01) and a 2% increase in energy from plant protein intake was associated with a 23% lower risk (95% CI: 36-7%, p(trend) = 0.006). Dietary intake of fat, carbohydrate, fibre or calcium was not associated with risk. These findings suggest that animal and/or plant protein may affect the risk of urothelial cell carcinoma, and examination of these associations in other studies is needed.

  • 15. Allen, Naomi E
    et al.
    Appleby, Paul N
    Roddam, Andrew W
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Johnsen, Nina Føns
    Overvad, Kim
    Boeing, Heiner
    Weikert, Steffen
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Misirli, Gesthimani
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Grioni, Sara
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, Rosario
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Kiemeney, Lambertus A
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Sánchez, Maria-José
    Agudo, Antonio
    Tormo, María-José
    Rodriguez, Laudina
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. Urologi och andrologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Slimani, Nadia
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Riboli, Elio
    Key, Timothy J
    Plasma selenium concentration and prostate cancer risk: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).2008In: Am J Clin Nutr, ISSN 0002-9165, Vol. 88, no 6, p. 1567-1575Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 16. Allen, Naomi E
    et al.
    Roddam, Andrew W
    Sieri, Sabina
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Halkjær, Jytte
    Vineis, Paolo
    Contiero, Paolo
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, Rosario
    Mattiello, Amalia
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Zilis, Demosthenes
    Koumantaki, Yvoni
    Peeters, Petra H
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Sánchez, Maria-José
    Chirlaque, María Dolores
    Esquius, Laura
    Manjer, Jonas
    Wallström, Peter
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Ljungberg, Börje
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Norat, Teresa
    Mouw, Traci
    Riboli, Elio
    A prospective analysis of the association between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.2009In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 125, no 4, p. 982-987Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous case-control studies have suggested that a high intake of animal foods and its associated nutrients are associated with an increased risk of renal cell carcinoma, although data from prospective studies are limited. We report here on the relationship between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma incidence among 435,293 participants enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of dietary intake of fat, protein, carbohydrate, fiber and cholesterol and risk of renal cell carcinoma adjusted for age, sex, center, height, body mass index, physical activity, education, smoking, menopausal status, alcohol and energy intake. During an average 8.8 years of follow-up, 507 renal cell carcinoma cases occurred. Risk of renal cell carcinoma was not associated with macronutrient intake, including nutrients derived from animal sources. Our results indicate that macronutrient intake is not associated with risk of renal cell carcinoma in this cohort of European men and women. (c) 2009 UICC.

  • 17. Almquist, Martin
    et al.
    Johansen, Dorthe
    Björge, Tone
    Ulmer, Hanno
    Lindkvist, Björn
    Stocks, Tanja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Engeland, Anders
    Rapp, Kilian
    Jonsson, Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Selmer, Randi
    Diem, Guenter
    Häggström, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Tretli, Steinar
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Manjer, Jonas
    Metabolic factors and risk of thyroid cancer in the Metabolic syndrome and Cancer project (Me-Can)2011In: Cancer Causes and Control, ISSN 0957-5243, E-ISSN 1573-7225, Vol. 22, no 5, p. 743-751Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective  To investigate metabolic factors and their possible impact on risk of thyroid cancer. Methods  A prospective cohort study was conducted based on seven population-based cohorts in Norway, Austria, and Sweden, in the Metabolic syndrome and Cancer project (Me-Can). Altogether 578,700 men and women with a mean age of 44.0 years at baseline were followed for on average 12.0 years. Relative risk of incident thyroid cancer was assessed by levels of BMI, blood pressure, and blood levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and by a combined metabolic syndrome (MetS) score. Risk estimates were investigated for quintiles, and a z score distribution of exposures was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results  During follow-up, 255 women and 133 men were diagnosed with thyroid cancer. In women, there was an inverse association between glucose and thyroid cancer risk, with adjusted RR: 95% CI was 0.61 (0.41–0.90), p trend = 0.02 in the fifth versus the first quintile, and a positive association between BMI and thyroid cancer risk with a significant trend over quintiles. There was no association between the other metabolic factors, single or combined (Met-S), and thyroid cancer. Conclusion  In women, BMI was positively, while blood glucose levels were inversely, associated with thyroid cancer.

  • 18. Al-Zoughool, Mustafa
    et al.
    Dossus, Laure
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Olsen, Anja
    Overvad, Kim
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Gauthier, Estelle
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Chang-Claude, Jenny
    Boeing, Heiner
    Schulz, Mandy
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Chryssa, Travezea
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Berrino, Franco
    Palli, Domenico
    Mattiello, Amalia
    Tumino, Rosario
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C
    Peeters, Petra H M
    Gram, Inger T
    Braaten, Tonje
    Lund, Eiliv
    Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Agudo, Antonio
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Quirós, Jose Ramon
    Berglund, Göran
    Manjer, Jonas
    Lundin, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology. Patologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Bingham, Sheila
    Allen, Naomi
    Key, Tim
    Jenab, Mazda
    Cust, Anne E
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Riboli, Elio
    Risk of endometrial cancer in relationship to cigarette smoking: Results from the EPIC study.2007In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 121, no 12, p. 2741-7Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 19. Amundadottir, Laufey
    et al.
    Kraft, Peter
    Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z
    Fuchs, Charles S
    Petersen, Gloria M
    Arslan, Alan A
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Gross, Myron
    Helzlsouer, Kathy
    Jacobs, Eric J
    Lacroix, Andrea
    Zheng, Wei
    Albanes, Demetrius
    Bamlet, William
    Berg, Christine D
    Berrino, Franco
    Bingham, Sheila
    Buring, Julie E
    Bracci, Paige M
    Canzian, Federico
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Clipp, Sandra
    Cotterchio, Michelle
    de Andrade, Mariza
    Duell, Eric J
    Fox Jr, John W
    Gallinger, Steven
    Gaziano, J Michael
    Giovannucci, Edward L
    Goggins, Michael
    González, Carlos A
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Hankinson, Susan E
    Hassan, Manal
    Holly, Elizabeth A
    Hunter, David J
    Hutchinson, Amy
    Jackson, Rebecca
    Jacobs, Kevin B
    Jenab, Mazda
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Klein, Alison P
    Kooperberg, Charles
    Kurtz, Robert C
    Li, Donghui
    Lynch, Shannon M
    Mandelson, Margaret
    McWilliams, Robert R
    Mendelsohn, Julie B
    Michaud, Dominique S
    Olson, Sara H
    Overvad, Kim
    Patel, Alpa V
    Peeters, Petra H M
    Rajkovic, Aleksandar
    Riboli, Elio
    Risch, Harvey A
    Shu, Xiao-Ou
    Thomas, Gilles
    Tobias, Geoffrey S
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Van Den Eeden, Stephen K
    Virtamo, Jarmo
    Wactawski-Wende, Jean
    Wolpin, Brian M
    Yu, Herbert
    Yu, Kai
    Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne
    Chanock, Stephen J
    Hartge, Patricia
    Hoover, Robert N
    Genome-wide association study identifies variants in the ABO locus associated with susceptibility to pancreatic cancer.2009In: Nature Genetics, ISSN 1061-4036, E-ISSN 1546-1718, ISSN EISSN: 1546-1718, Vol. 41, p. 986-990Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of pancreatic cancer, a cancer with one of the lowest survival rates worldwide. We genotyped 558,542 SNPs in 1,896 individuals with pancreatic cancer and 1,939 controls drawn from 12 prospective cohorts plus one hospital-based case-control study. We conducted a combined analysis of these groups plus an additional 2,457 affected individuals and 2,654 controls from eight case-control studies, adjusting for study, sex, ancestry and five principal components. We identified an association between a locus on 9q34 and pancreatic cancer marked by the SNP rs505922 (combined P = 5.37 x 10(-8); multiplicative per-allele odds ratio 1.20; 95% confidence interval 1.12-1.28). This SNP maps to the first intron of the ABO blood group gene. Our results are consistent with earlier epidemiologic evidence suggesting that people with blood group O may have a lower risk of pancreatic cancer than those with groups A or B.

  • 20. Anantharaman, Devasena
    et al.
    Muller, David C
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Ahrens, Wolfgang
    Holcátová, Ivana
    Merletti, Franco
    Kjærheim, Kristina
    Polesel, Jerry
    Simonato, Lorenzo
    Canova, Cristina
    Castellsague, Xavier
    Macfarlane, Tatiana V
    Znaor, Ariana
    Thomson, Peter
    Robinson, Max
    Conway, David I
    Healy, Claire M
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Westin, Ulla
    Ekström, Johanna
    Chang-Claude, Jenny
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Overvad, Kim
    Drogan, Dagmar
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Laurell, Göran
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B
    Peeters, Petra H
    Agudo, Antonio
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Travis, Ruth C
    Palli, Domenico
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    George, Saitakis
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Quirós, J Ramón
    Grioni, Sara
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Navarro, Carmen
    Sánchez, María-José
    Tumino, Rosario
    Severi, Gianluca
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
    Panico, Salvatore
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Lund, Eiliv
    Gram, Inger T
    Riboli, Elio
    Pawlita, Michael
    Waterboer, Tim
    Kreimer, Aimée R
    Johansson, Mattias
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Brennan, Paul
    Combined effects of smoking and HPV16 in oropharyngeal cancer2016In: International Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0300-5771, E-ISSN 1464-3685, Vol. 45, no 3, p. 752-761Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Although smoking and HPV infection are recognized as important risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer, how their joint exposure impacts on oropharyngeal cancer risk is unclear. Specifically, whether smoking confers any additional risk to HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is not understood.

    METHODS: Using HPV serology as a marker of HPV-related cancer, we examined the interaction between smoking and HPV16 in 459 oropharyngeal (and 1445 oral cavity and laryngeal) cancer patients and 3024 control participants from two large European multi-centre studies. Odds ratios and credible intervals [CrI], adjusted for potential confounders, were estimated using Bayesian logistic regression.

    RESULTS: Both smoking [odds ratio (OR [CrI]: 6.82 [4.52, 10.29]) and HPV seropositivity (OR [CrI]: 235.69 [99.95, 555.74]) were independently associated with oropharyngeal cancer. The joint association of smoking and HPV seropositivity was consistent with that expected on the additive scale (synergy index [CrI]: 1.32 [0.51, 3.45]), suggesting they act as independent risk factors for oropharyngeal cancer.

    CONCLUSIONS: Smoking was consistently associated with increase in oropharyngeal cancer risk in models stratified by HPV16 seropositivity. In addition, we report that the prevalence of oropharyngeal cancer increases with smoking for both HPV16-positive and HPV16-negative persons. The impact of smoking on HPV16-positive oropharyngeal cancer highlights the continued need for smoking cessation programmes for primary prevention of head and neck cancer.

  • 21.
    Andersson, Jonas
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Jansson, Jan-Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Hellsten, Gideon
    Nilsson, Torbjörn K
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Boman, Kurt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Effects of heavy endurance physical exercise on inflammatory markers in non-athletes2010In: Atherosclerosis, ISSN 0021-9150, E-ISSN 1879-1484, Vol. 209, no 2, p. 601-605Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: Physical activity has beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease but the mechanisms are still somewhat unclear. One possible pathway may be through the anti-inflammatory effects attributed to regular physical activity. Our primary aim was to study the effects of endurance physical exercise on C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFalpha) during the acute and recovery phases. Secondarily, we studied the impact of diet on these inflammatory markers.

    METHODS: Twenty men, aged 18-55 years, participated in a 14 days cross-country skiing tour. They traveled 12-30km per day corresponding to about 10h of heavy physical activity. The participants were randomized to a diet with either 30 or 40% of energy derived from fat. Inflammatory variables were analysed at week 0, after 1 and 2 weeks and during the recovery phase at week 6 and 8.

    RESULTS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly during the two weeks of exercise (1.4-5.0mg/l, p=0.00 and 6.8-8.4pg/ml, p=0.00). CRP levels were significantly lower during recovery (median 0.7mg/l) compared to baseline (median 1.4mg/l) and did not correlate to metabolic variables. There were no significant changes in IL-6 levels during the study period. For dietary groups significant CRP changes were observed only in the high fat group during recovery.

    CONCLUSIONS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly but reacted differently during heavy physical activity while there seemed to be no significant changes in IL-6. No significant differences regarding inflammatory variables were found between the dietary groups.

  • 22.
    Andersson, Kristin
    et al.
    Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Malm ö , Sweden.
    Bray, Freddie
    Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.
    Arbyn, Marc
    Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Scientifi c Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium.
    Storm, Hans
    Cancer Prevention and Documentation, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Zanetti, Roberto
    Piedmont Cancer Registry – CPO, Torino, Italy.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Coebergh, Jan W
    Comprehensive Cancer Centre South, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Dillner, Joakim
    Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    The interface of population-based cancer registries and biobanks in etiological and clinical research: current and future perspectives2010In: Acta Oncologica, ISSN 0284-186X, E-ISSN 1651-226X, Vol. 49, no 8, p. 1227-1234Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The availability of quality assured, population-based cancer registries and biobanks with high quality samples makes it possible to conduct research on large samples sets with long follow-up within a reasonable time frame. Defined quality for both cancer registries and biobanks is essential for enabling high quality biobank-based research. Recent networking projects have brought these infrastructures together to promote the combined use of cancer registries and biobanks in cancer research.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this report we review the current status and future perspectives of cancer registries and biobanks and how the interface between them should be developed to optimally further cancer research.

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Major conclusions for future improvements are that the research exploiting cancer registries and biobanks, and the research that is building and optimising the infrastructure, should evolve together for maximally relevant progress. Population-based and sustainable biobanks that continuously and consecutively store all samples ("Biological registries") under strict quality control are needed. There is also a need for increased education, information and visibility of the interdisciplinary sciences required for optimal exploitation of these resources.

  • 23. Anttila, Tarja
    et al.
    Tenkanen, Leena
    Lumme, Sonja
    Leinonen, Maija
    Gislefoss, Randi Elin
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Thoresen, Steinar
    Hakulinen, Timo
    Luostarinen, Tapio
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. Urologi och andrologi.
    Saikku, Pekka
    Dillner, Joakim
    Lehtinen, Matti
    Hakama, Matti
    Chlamydial antibodies and risk of prostate cancer.2005In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 14, no 2, p. 385-9Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 24.
    Arslan, Alan A
    et al.
    Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
    Clendenen, Tess V
    Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
    Koenig, Karen L
    Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
    Hultdin, Johan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical chemistry.
    Enquist, Kerstin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Ågren, Åsa
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Sjodin, Hubert
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences.
    Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne
    Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
    Shore, Roy E
    Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Toniolo, Paolo
    Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
    Lundin, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Circulating vitamin d and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer2009In: Journal of oncology, ISSN 1687-8450, Vol. 2009, p. 672492-672500Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We conducted a nested case-control study within two prospective cohorts, the New York University Women's Health Study and the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, to examine the association between prediagnostic circulating levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and the risk of subsequent invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The 25(OH)D levels were measured in serum or plasma from 170 incident cases of EOC and 373 matched controls. Overall, circulating 25(OH)D levels were not associated with the risk of EOC in combined cohort analysis: adjusted OR for the top tertile versus the reference tertile, 1.09 (95% CI, 0.59-2.01). In addition, there was no evidence of an interaction effect between VDR SNP genotype or haplotype and circulating 25(OH)D levels in relation to ovarian cancer risk, although more complex gene-environment interactions may exist.

  • 25. Arslan, Alan A.
    et al.
    Koenig, Karen L.
    Lenner, Per
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Afanasyeva, Yelena
    Shore, Roy E.
    Chen, Yu
    Lundin, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences.
    Toniolo, Paolo
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Circulating Estrogen Metabolites and Risk of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women2014In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, E-ISSN 1538-7755, Vol. 23, no 7, p. 1290-1297Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: It has been hypothesized that predominance of the 2-hydroxylation estrogen metabolism pathway over the 16 alpha-hydroxylation pathway may be inversely associated with breast cancer risk. Methods: We examined the associations of invasive breast cancer risk with circulating 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1), 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone (16 alpha-OHE1), and the 2-OHE1: 16 alpha-OHE1 ratio in a case-control study of postmenopausal women nested within two prospective cohorts: the New York University Women's Health Study (NYUWHS) and the Northern Sweden Mammary Screening Cohort (NSMSC), with adjustment for circulating levels of estrone, and additional analyses by tumor estrogen receptor (ER) status. Levels of 2-OHE1 and 16 alpha-OHE1 were measured using ESTRAMET 2/16 assay in stored serum or plasma samples from 499 incident breast cancer cases and 499 controls, who were matched on cohort, age, and date of blood donation. Results: Overall, no significant associations were observed between breast cancer risk and circulating levels of 2-OHE1, 16 alpha-OHE1, or their ratio in either cohort and in combined analyses. For 2-OHE1, there was evidence of heterogeneity by ER status in models adjusting for estrone (P <= 0.03). We observed a protective association of 2-OHE1 with ER + breast cancer [multivariate-adjusted OR for a doubling of 2-OHE1, 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48-0.94; P = 0.02)]. Conclusions: In this study, higher levels of 2-OHE1 were associated with reduced risk of ER + breast cancer in postmenopausal women after adjustment for circulating estrone. Impact: These results suggest that taking into account the levels of parent estrogens and ER status is important in studies of estrogen metabolites and breast cancer.

  • 26. Balassiano, Karen
    et al.
    Lima, Sheila
    Jenab, Mazda
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
    Canzian, Federico
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Boeing, Heiner
    Meidtner, Karina
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Laglou, Pagona
    Vineis, Paolo
    Panico, Salvatore
    Palli, Domenico
    Grioni, Sara
    Tumino, Rosario
    Lund, Eiliv
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas
    Numans, Mattjis E.
    Peeters, Petra H. M.
    Ramon Quiros, J.
    Sanchez, Maria-Jose
    Navarro, Carmen
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine.
    Stenling, Roger
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences.
    Ehrnstrom, Roy
    Regner, Sara
    Allen, Naomi E.
    Travis, Ruth C.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Offerhaus, G. Johan A.
    Sala, Nuria
    Riboli, Elio
    Hainaut, Pierre
    Scoazec, Jean-Yves
    Sylla, Bakary S.
    Gonzalez, Carlos A.
    Herceg, Zdenko
    Aberrant DNA methylation of cancer-associated genes in gastric cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-EURGAST)2011In: Cancer Letters, ISSN 0304-3835, E-ISSN 1872-7980, Vol. 311, no 1, p. 85-95Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Epigenetic events have emerged as key mechanisms in the regulation of critical biological processes and in the development of a wide variety of human malignancies, including gastric cancer (GC), however precise gene targets of aberrant DNA methylation in GC remain largely unknown. Here, we have combined pyrosequencing-based quantitative analysis of DNA methylation in 98 GC cases and 64 controls nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort and in cancer tissue and non-tumorigenic adjacent tissue of an independent series of GC samples. A panel of 10 cancer-associated genes (CHRNA3, DOK1, MGMT, RASSF1A, p14ARF, CDH1, MLH1, ALDH2, GNMT and MTHFR) and LINE-1 repetitive elements were included in the analysis and their association with clinicopathological characteristics (sex, age at diagnosis, anatomical sub-site, histological sub-type) was examined. Three out of the 10 genes analyzed exhibited a marked hypermethylation, whereas two genes (ALDH2 and MTHFR) showed significant hypomethylation, in gastric tumors. Among differentially methylated genes, we identified new genes (CHRNA3 and DOK1) as targets of aberrant hypermethylation in GC, suggesting that epigenetic deregulation of these genes and their corresponding cellular pathways may promote the development and progression of GC. We also found that global demethylation of tumor cell genomes occurs in GC, consistent with the notion that abnormal hypermethylation of specific genes occurs concomitantly with genome-wide hypomethylation. Age and gender had no significant influence on methylation states, but an association was observed between LINE-1 and MLH1 methylation levels with histological subtype and anatomical sub-site. This study identifies aberrant methylation patters in specific genes in GC thus providing information that could be exploited as novel biomarkers in clinics and molecular epidemiology of GC.

  • 27. Baltar, Valéria Troncoso
    et al.
    Xun, Wei W
    Chuang, Shu-Chun
    Relton, Caroline
    Ueland, Per Magne
    Vollset, Stein Emil
    Midttun, Øivind
    Johansson, Mattias
    Slimani, Nadia
    Jenab, Mazda
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Boeing, Heiner
    Weikert, Cornelia
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C
    van Gils, Carla H
    Peeters, Petra H M
    Agudo, Antonio
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Navarro, Carmen
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Castaño, José Maria Huerta
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Pérez, Maria José Sánchez
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Allen, Naomi E
    Crowe, Francesca
    Gallo, Valentina
    Norat, Teresa
    Tagliabue, Giovanna
    Masala, Giovanna
    Panico, Salvatore
    Sacerdote, Carlota
    Tumino, Rosario
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Bamia, Christina
    Rasmuson, Torgny
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Roswall, Nina
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Riboli, Elio
    Brennan, Paul
    Vineis, Paolo
    Smoking, secondhand smoke, and cotinine levels in a subset of EPIC cohort2011In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, E-ISSN 1538-7755, Vol. 20, no 5, p. 869-875Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Several countries are discussing new legislation regarding the ban on smoking in public places, based on the growing evidence of the hazards of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. The objective of the present study is to quantitatively assess the relationship between smoking, SHS, and serum cotinine levels in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

    Methods: From a study on lung cancer in the EPIC cohort, questionnaire information on smoking was collected at enrolment, and cotinine was measured in serum. Three statistical models were applied by using samples available in a cross-section design: (i) cotinine levels by categories combining smoking and SHS (n = 859); (ii) the effect of hours of passive smoking exposure in nonsmokers only (n = 107); (iii) the effect of the number of cigarettes consumed per day in current smokers only (n = 832). All models were adjusted for country, sex, age, and body mass index.

    Results: Among nonsmokers, passive smokers presented significant differences in cotinine compared with nonexposed, with a marked (but not significant) difference among former-smokers. A one hour per day increment of SHS gave rise to a significant 2.58 nmol/L (0.45 ng/mL) increase in mean serum cotinine (P < 0.001). In current smokers, a one cigarette per day increment gave rise to a significant 22.44 nmol/L (3.95 ng/mL) increase in cotinine mean (P < 0.001).

    Conclusions: There is clear evidence that not only tobacco smoking but also involuntary exposure increases cotinine levels.

    Impact: This study strengthens the evidence for the benefits of a smoking ban in public places.

  • 28. Baltar, Valéria Troncoso
    et al.
    Xun, Wei W
    Johansson, Mattias
    International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Chuang, Shu-Chun
    Relton, Caroline
    Ueland, Per Magne
    Midttun, Oivind
    Slimani, Nadia
    Jenab, Mazda
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Boeing, Heiner
    Weikert, Cornelia
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
    Boshuizen, Hendriek
    van Gils, Carla H
    Onland-Moret, N Charlotte
    Agudo, Antonio
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Navarro, Carmen
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Castaño, José Maria Huerta
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Allen, Naomi E
    Crowe, Francesca
    Gallo, Valentina
    Norat, Teresa
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Masala, Giovanna
    Panico, Salvatore
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Tumino, Rosario
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Rasmuson, Torgny
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Roswall, Nina
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Riboli, Elio
    Brennan, Paul
    Vineis, Paolo
    A structural equation modelling approach to explore the role of B vitamins and immune markers in lung cancer risk2013In: European Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0393-2990, E-ISSN 1573-7284, Vol. 28, no 8, p. 677-688Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The one-carbon metabolism (OCM) is considered key in maintaining DNA integrity and regulating gene expression, and may be involved in the process of carcinogenesis. Several B-vitamins and amino acids have been implicated in lung cancer risk, via the OCM directly as well as immune system activation. However it is unclear whether these factors act independently or through complex mechanisms. The current study applies structural equations modelling (SEM) to further disentangle the mechanisms involved in lung carcinogenesis. SEM allows simultaneous estimation of linear relations where a variable can be the outcome in one equation and the predictor in another, as well as allowing estimation using latent variables (factors estimated by correlation matrix). A large number of biomarkers have been analysed from 891 lung cancer cases and 1,747 controls nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Four putative mechanisms in the OCM and immunity were investigated in relation to lung cancer risk: methionine-homocysteine metabolism, folate cycle, transsulfuration, and mechanisms involved in inflammation and immune activation, all adjusted for tobacco exposure. The hypothesized SEM model confirmed a direct and protective effect for factors representing methionine-homocysteine metabolism (p = 0.020) and immune activation (p = 0.021), and an indirect protective effect of folate cycle (p = 0.019), after adjustment for tobacco smoking. In conclusion, our results show that in the investigation of the involvement of the OCM, the folate cycle and immune system in lung carcinogenesis, it is important to consider complex pathways (by applying SEM) rather than the effects of single vitamins or nutrients (e.g. using traditional multiple regression). In our study SEM were able to suggest a greater role of the methionine-homocysteine metabolism and immune activation over other potential mechanisms.

  • 29. Bamia, C
    et al.
    Halkjaer, J
    Lagiou, P
    Trichopoulos, D
    Tjønneland, A
    Berentzen, T L
    Overvad, K
    Clavel-Chapelon, F
    Boutron-Ruault, M-C
    Rohrmann, S
    Linseisen, J
    Steffen, A
    Boeing, H
    May, A M
    Peeters, P H
    Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H
    van den Berg, S W
    Dorronsoro, M
    Barricarte, A
    Rodriguez Suarez, L
    Navarro, C
    González, C A
    Boffetta, P
    Pala, V
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Trichopoulou, A
    Weight change in later life and risk of death amongst the elderly: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Elderly Network on Ageing and Health study2010In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 268, no 2, p. 133-144Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: Later life weight change and mortality amongst elders. DESIGN: Nested case-control study. SETTING: Six countries from the European Investigation into Cancer and nutrition-Elderly, Network on Ageing and Health. SUBJECTS: A total of 1712 deceased (cases) and 4942 alive (controls) were selected from 34,239 participants, > or = 60 years at enrolment (1992-2000) who were followed-up until March 2007. Annual weight change was estimated as the weight difference from recruitment to the most distant from-date-of-death re-assessment, divided by the respective time. OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality in relation to weight change was examined using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Weight loss > 1 kg year(-1) was associated with statistically significant increased death risk (OR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.41-1.92) compared to minimal weight change (+/-1 kg year(-1)). Weight gain > 1 kg year(-1) was also associated with increased risk of death (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.98-1.37), but this was evident and statistically significant only amongst overweight/obese (OR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.17-2.05). In analyses by time interval since weight re-assessment, the association of mortality with weight loss was stronger for the interval proximal (< 1 year) to death (OR = 3.10; 95% CI: 2.03-4.72). The association of mortality with weight gain was stronger at the interval of more than 3 years and statistically significant only amongst overweight/obese (OR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.07-2.33). Similar patterns were observed regarding death from circulatory diseases and cancer. CONCLUSIONS: In elderly, stable body weight is a predictor of lower subsequent mortality. Weight loss is associated with increased mortality, particularly short-term, probably reflecting underlying nosology. Weight gain, especially amongst overweight/obese elders, is also associated with increased mortality, particularly longer term.

  • 30. Bamia, C
    et al.
    Orfanos, P
    Ferrari, P
    Overvad, K
    Hundborg, HH
    Tjonneland, A
    Olsen, A
    Kesse, E
    Boutron-Ruault, MC
    Clavel-Chapelon, F
    Nagel, G
    Boffetta, P
    Boeing, H
    Hoffmann, K
    Trichopoulos, D
    Baibas, N
    Psaltopoulou, T
    Norat, T
    Slimani, N
    Palli, D
    Krogh, V
    Panico, S
    Tumino, R
    Sacerdote, C
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB
    Ocke, MC
    Peeters, PH
    van Rossum, CT
    Quiros, JR
    Sanchez, MJ
    Navarro, C
    Barricarte, A
    Dorronsoro, M
    Berglund, G
    Wirfalt, E
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology, Cariology.
    Bingham, S
    Khaw, KT
    Spencer, EA
    Roddam, AW
    Riboli, E
    Trichopoulou, A
    Dietary patterns among older Europeans: the EPIC-Elderly study.2005In: British Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 0007-1145, E-ISSN 1475-2662, Vol. 94, no 1, p. 100-13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Overall dietary patterns have been associated with health and longevity. We used principal component (PC) and cluster analyses to identify the prevailing dietary patterns of 99 744 participants, aged 60 years or older, living in nine European countries and participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Elderly cohort) and to examine their socio-demographic and lifestyle correlates. Two PC were identified: PC1 reflects a 'vegetable-based' diet with an emphasis on foods of plant origin, rice, pasta and other grain rather than on margarine, potatoes and non-alcoholic beverages. PC2 indicates a 'sweet- and fat-dominated' diet with a preference for sweets, added fat and dairy products but not meat, alcohol, bread and eggs. PC1 was associated with a younger age, a higher level of education, physical activity, a higher BMI, a lower waist:hip ratio and never and past smoking. PC2 was associated with older age, less education, never having smoked, a lower BMI and waist:hip ratio and lower levels of physical activity. Elderly individuals in southern Europe scored positively on PC1 and about zero on PC2, whereas the elderly in northern Europe scored negatively on PC1 and variably on PC2. The results of cluster analysis were compatible with the indicated dietary patterns. 'Vegetable-based' and a 'sweet- and fat-dominated' diets are prevalent among the elderly across Europe, and there is a north-south gradient regarding their dietary choices. Our study contributes to the identification of groups of elderly who are likely to have different prospects for long-term disease occurrence and survival.

  • 31. Barton, Maria
    et al.
    Santucci-Pereira, Julia
    de Cicco, Ricardo Lopez
    Russo, Irma H.
    Ross, Eric A.
    Slifker, Michael
    Peri, Suraj
    Bordas, Pal
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Lenner, Per
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Toniolo, Paolo
    Russo, Jose
    Long noncoding RNAs in the postmenopausal breast and their role in cancer prevention2014In: Cancer Research, ISSN 0008-5472, E-ISSN 1538-7445, Vol. 74, no 19Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 32. Beckmann, L
    et al.
    Hüsing, A
    Setiawan, VW
    Amiano, P
    Clavel-Chapelon, F
    Chanock, SJ
    Cox, DG
    Diver, R
    Dossus, L
    Feigelson, HS
    Haiman, C
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Hayes, RB
    Henderson, BE
    Hoover, RN
    Hunter, DJ
    Khaw, K
    Kolonel, LN
    Kraft, P
    Lund, E
    Le Marchand, L
    Peeters, PHM
    Riboli, E
    Stram, D
    Thomas, G
    Thun, MJ
    Tumino, R
    Trichopoulos, D
    Vogel, U
    Willett, WC
    Yeager, M
    Ziegler, R
    Hankinson, SE
    Kaaks, R
    Comprehensive analysis of hormone and genetic variation in 36 genes related to steroid hormone metabolism in pre- and postmenopausal women from the breast and prostate cancer cohort consortium (BPC3)2011In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 96, no 2, p. E360-E367Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We confirmed associations between serum levels of SHBG and the SHBG gene and of E1 and E2 and the CYP19 and ESR1 genes. Novel associations were observed between FSHR and DHEAS, E1, and E2 and between AKR1C3 and DHEAS.

  • 33. Belitskaya-Lévy, Ilana
    et al.
    Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne
    Russo, Jose
    Russo, Irma H
    Bordás, Pal
    Ahman, Janet
    Afanasyeva, Yelena
    Johansson, Robert
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Lenner, Per
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Li, Xiaochun
    de Cicco, Ricardo López
    Peri, Suraj
    Ross, Eric
    Russo, Patricia A
    Santucci-Pereira, Julia
    Sheriff, Fathima S
    Slifker, Michael
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Toniolo, Paolo
    Arslan, Alan A
    Characterization of a genomic signature of pregnancy identified in the breast2011In: Cancer Prevention Research, ISSN 1940-6207, E-ISSN 1940-6215, Vol. 4, no 9, p. 1457-1464Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The objective of this study was to comprehensively compare the genomic profiles in the breast of parous and nulliparous postmenopausal women to identify genes that permanently change their expression following pregnancy. The study was designed as a two-phase approach. In the discovery phase, we compared breast genomic profiles of 37 parous with 18 nulliparous postmenopausal women. In the validation phase, confirmation of the genomic patterns observed in the discovery phase was sought in an independent set of 30 parous and 22 nulliparous postmenopausal women. RNA was hybridized to Affymetrix HG_U133 Plus 2.0 oligonucleotide arrays containing probes to 54,675 transcripts, scanned and the images analyzed using Affymetrix GCOS software. Surrogate variable analysis, logistic regression, and significance analysis of microarrays were used to identify statistically significant differences in expression of genes. The false discovery rate (FDR) approach was used to control for multiple comparisons. We found that 208 genes (305 probe sets) were differentially expressed between parous and nulliparous women in both discovery and validation phases of the study at an FDR of 10% and with at least a 1.25-fold change. These genes are involved in regulation of transcription, centrosome organization, RNA splicing, cell-cycle control, adhesion, and differentiation. The results provide initial evidence that full-term pregnancy induces long-term genomic changes in the breast. The genomic signature of pregnancy could be used as an intermediate marker to assess potential chemopreventive interventions with hormones mimicking the effects of pregnancy for prevention of breast cancer.

  • 34.
    Bergdahl, Ingvar A.
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Human biobanks in research: recent studies of health effects of metals, and plans for persistent organic pollutants. Experiences and plans in northern Sweden2013In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health, ISSN 1239-9736, E-ISSN 2242-3982, Vol. 72, no Supplement 1, p. 997-997Article in journal (Refereed)
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  • 35. Berggrund, Malin
    et al.
    Enroth, Stefan
    Lundberg, Martin
    Assarsson, Erika
    Stålberg, Karin
    Lindquist, David
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Grankvist, Kjell
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical chemistry.
    Olovsson, Matts
    Gyllensten, Ulf
    Identification of candidate plasma protein biomarkers for cervical cancer using the multiplex proximity extension assay2019In: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics, ISSN 1535-9476, E-ISSN 1535-9484, Vol. 18, no 4, p. 735-743, article id RA118.001208Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recommended as the primary test in cervical cancer screening, with co-testing by cytology for HPV-positive women to identify cervical lesions. Cytology has low sensitivity and there is a need to identify biomarkers that could identify dysplasia that are likely to progress to cancer. We searched for plasma proteins that could identify women with cervical cancer using the multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA). The abundance of 100 proteins were measured in plasma collected at the time of diagnosis of patients with invasive cervical cancer and in population controls using the Olink Multiplex panels CVD II, INF I, and ONC II. Eighty proteins showed increased levels in cases compared to controls. We identified a signature of 11 proteins (PTX3, ITGB1BP2, AXIN1, STAMPB, SRC, SIRT2, 4E-BP1, PAPPA, HB-EGF, NEMO and IL27) that distinguished cases and controls with a sensitivity of 0.96 at a specificity of 1.0. This signature was evaluated in a prospective replication cohort with samples collected before, at or after diagnosis and achieved a sensitivity of 0.78 and a specificity 0.56 separating samples collected at the time of diagnosis of invasive cancer from samples collected prior to diagnosis. No difference in abundance was seen between samples collected prior to diagnosis or after treatment as compared to population controls, indicating that this protein signature is mainly informative close to time of diagnosis. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal window in time prior to diagnosis for these biomarker candidates.

  • 36.
    Berglin, Ewa
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology.
    Johansson, T.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics.
    Sundin, U.
    Jidell, Erik
    Wadell, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Rantapää-Dahlqvist, Solbritt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology.
    Radiological outcome in rheumatoid arthritis is predicted by presence of antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide before and at disease onset, and by IgA-RF at disease onset2006In: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, ISSN 0003-4967, E-ISSN 1468-2060, Vol. 65, no 4, p. 453-458Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the significance of antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) and rheumatoid factors (RFs), before the onset of rheumatoid arthritis and when presenting as early disease (baseline), for disease activity and progression. METHODS: 93 of a cohort of 138 patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (<12 months of symptoms) had donated blood before symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (defined as pre-patients) and were identified from among blood donors within the Medical Biobank of northern Sweden. Disease activity (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein, joint score, global visual analogue scale) and radiological destruction in hands and feet (Larsen score) were assessed at baseline and after two years. Anti-CCP antibodies and RFs were analysed using enzyme immunoassays. HLA shared epitope (SE) alleles (DRB1*0401/0404) were identified. RESULTS: Patients with anti-CCP antibodies before disease onset had significantly higher Larsen score at baseline and after two years. In multiple regression analyses baseline values of anti-CCP/IgA-RF/IgG-RF/IgM-RF, swollen joint count, and Larsen score significantly predicted radiological outcome at two years. In logistic regression analyses, baseline values of anti-CCP antibodies/IgA-RF, therapeutic response at six months, and swollen joint count/ESR significantly predicted radiological progression after two years. The baseline titre of anti-CCP antibodies was higher in patients with radiological progression and decreased significantly in those with response to therapy. SE allele carriage was associated with a positive test for anti-CCP antibodies in pre-patients and in early rheumatoid arthritis. CONCLUSIONS: Presence of anti-CCP antibodies before disease onset is associated with more severe radiological damage. The titre of anti-CCP antibodies is related to disease severity.

  • 37.
    Berglin, Ewa
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology.
    Padyukov, Leonid
    Sundin, Ulf
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Stenlund, Hans
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Public Health Sciences.
    Van Venrooij, Walther J
    Klareskog, Lars
    Rantapää-Dahlqvist, Solbritt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology.
    A combination of autoantibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and HLA-DRB1 locus antigens is strongly associated with future onset of rheumatoid arthritis2004In: Arthritis Research & Therapy, ISSN 1478-6354, E-ISSN 1478-6362, Vol. 6, no 4, p. R303-R308Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factors (RFs) have been demonstrated to predate the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by years. A nested case–control study was performed within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease study cohort to analyse the presence of shared epitope (SE) genes, defined as HLA-DRB1*0404 or DRB1*0401, and of anti-CCP antibodies and RFs in individuals who subsequently developed RA. Patients with RA were identified from among blood donors whose samples had been collected years before the onset of symptoms. Controls matched for age, sex, and date of sampling were selected randomly from the same cohort. The SE genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers. Anti-CCP2 antibodies and RFs were determined using enzyme immunoassays. Fifty-nine individuals with RA were identified as blood donors, with a median antedating time of 2.0 years (interquartile range 0.9–3.9 years) before presenting with symptoms of RA. The sensitivity for SE as a diagnostic indicator for RA was 60% and the specificity was 64%. The corresponding figures for anti-CCP antibodies were 37% and 98%, and for RFs, 17–42% and 94%, respectively. In a logistic regression analysis, SE (odds ratio [OR] = 2.35), anti-CCP antibodies (OR = 15.9), and IgA-RF (OR = 6.8) significantly predicted RA. In a combination model analysis, anti-CCP antibodies combined with SE had the highest OR (66.8, 95% confidence interval 8.3–539.4) in predicting RA, compared with anti-CCP antibodies without SE (OR = 25.01, 95% confidence interval 2.8–222.2) or SE without anti-CCP antibodies (OR = 1.9, 95% confidence interval 0.9–4.2). This study showed that the presence of anti-CCP antibodies together with SE gene carriage is associated with a very high relative risk for future development of RA.

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  • 38. Berrington de González, Amy
    et al.
    Spencer, Elizabeth A
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Roddam, Andrew
    Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachel
    Halkjaer, Jytte
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Overvad, Kim
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Boeing, Heiner
    Pischon, Tobias
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Benetou, Vassiliki
    Papadimitriou, Aristoteles
    Pala, Valeria
    Palli, Domenico
    Panico, Salvatore
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C
    Ocke, Marga C
    Peeters, Petra H
    Lund, Eiliv
    Gonzalez, Carlos A
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Martinez-Garcia, Carmen
    Mendez, Michelle
    Navarro, Carmen
    Quirós, J Ramón
    Tormo, María-José
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Ye, Weimin
    Bingham, Sheila A
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Allen, Naomi
    Key, Tim J
    Jenab, Mazda
    Norat, Teresa
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Riboli, Elio
    Anthropometry, physical activity, and the risk of pancreatic cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.2006In: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 15, no 5, p. 879-85Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 39. Bingham, Sheila A
    et al.
    Norat, Teresa
    Moskal, Aurelie
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Slimani, Nadia
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Kesse, Emmanuelle
    Nieters, Alexandra
    Boeing, Heiner
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Overvad, Kim
    Martinez, Carmen
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    González, Carlos A
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Navarro, Carmen
    Quirós, José R
    Key, Timothy J
    Day, Nicholas E
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Naska, Androniki
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Tumino, Rosario
    Palli, Domenico
    Panico, Salvatore
    Vineis, Paolo
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B
    Ocké, Marga C
    Peeters, Petra H M
    Berglund, Göran
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Lund, Eiliv
    Skeie, Guri
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Riboli, Elio
    Is the association with fiber from foods in colorectal cancer confounded by folate intake?2005In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 14, no 6, p. 1552-6Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 40. Bjerregaard, Bine Kjøller
    et al.
    Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole
    Sørensen, Mette
    Frederiksen, Kirsten
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Bergman, Manuela M
    Boeing, Heiner
    Sieri, Sabina
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, Rosario
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Büchner, Frederike L
    Gram, Inger Torhild
    Braaten, Tonje
    Lund, Eiliv
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Ågren, Åsa
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Riboli, Elio
    The effect of occasional smoking on smoking-related cancers: in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).2006In: Cancer Causes Control, ISSN 0957-5243, Vol. 17, no 10, p. 1305-9Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 41.
    Bjørge, Tone
    et al.
    Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
    Jonsson, Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Tretli, Steinar
    Cancer Registry of Norway, Institute of Populationbased Cancer Research, Montebello, Oslo, Norway.
    Ulmer, Hanno
    Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
    Manjer, Jonas
    Department of Surgery, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Stocks, Tanja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Selmer, Randi
    Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo/Bergen, Norway.
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Institute of Empidemiology, Ulm Univesity, Ulm, Germany.
    Almquist, Martin
    Department of Surgery, Lund University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Concin, Hans
    Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine, Bregenz, Austria.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Häggström, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Engeland, Anders
    Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Metabolic syndrome and breast cancer in the me-can (metabolic syndrome and cancer) project.2010In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, E-ISSN 1538-7755, Vol. 19, no 7, p. 1737-1745Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Few studies have assessed the metabolic syndrome (MetS) as an entity in relation to breast cancer risk, and results have been inconsistent. We aimed to examine the association between MetS factors (individually and combined) and risk of breast cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS: Two hundred ninety thousand women from Austria, Norway, and Sweden were enrolled during 1974-2005, with measurements of height, weight, blood pressure, and levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Relative risks (RR) of breast cancer were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression for each MetS factor in quintiles and for standardized levels (z-scores) and for a composite z-score for the MetS. RESULTS: There were 4,862 incident cases of breast cancer and 633 deaths from breast cancer identified. In women below age 50, there was a decreased risk of incident cancer for the MetS (per 1-unit increment of z-score; RR, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.76-0.90) as well as for the individual factors (except for glucose). The lowest risks were seen among the heaviest women. In women above age 60, there was an increased risk of breast cancer mortality for the MetS (RR, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.45) and for blood pressure and glucose. The strongest association with mortality was seen for increased glucose concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: The MetS was associated with a decreased risk of incident breast cancer in women below age 50 with high body mass index, and with an increased risk of breast cancer mortality in women above 60. IMPACT: Lifestyle interventions as recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention may be of value to prevent breast cancer mortality in postmenopausal women.

  • 42. Bjørge, Tone
    et al.
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Tretli, Steinar
    Manjer, Jonas
    Ulmer, Hanno
    Stocks, Tanja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Selmer, Randi
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Almquist, Martin
    Concin, Hans
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. null.
    Jonsson, Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology. null.
    Häggström, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. null.
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. null.
    Engeland, Anders
    null.
    Metabolic risk factors and ovarian cancer in the metabolic syndrome and cancer project2011In: International Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0300-5771, E-ISSN 1464-3685, Vol. 40, no 6, p. 1667-1677Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: No studies have so far evaluated the impact of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) as an entity on ovarian cancer risk. The authors aimed to examine the association between factors in the MetS, individually and combined, and risk of ovarian cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS: Altogether, 290 000 women from Austria, Norway and Sweden were enrolled during 1974-2005, with measurements taken of height, weight, blood pressure and levels of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. Relative risks (RRs) of ovarian cancer were estimated using Cox regression for each MetS factor in quintiles and for standardized levels (z-scores), and for a composite z-score for the MetS. RRs were corrected for random error in measurements. RESULTS: During follow-up, 644 epithelial ovarian cancers and 388 deaths from ovarian cancer were identified. There was no overall association between MetS and ovarian cancer risk. Increasing levels of cholesterol [RR 1.52, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.01-2.29, per 1-U increment of z-score] and blood pressure (RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.12-2.86) conferred, however, increased risks of mucinous and endometrioid tumours, respectively. In women below the age of 50 years, there was increased risk of ovarian cancer mortality for MetS (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.00-2.30). Increasing levels of BMI (RR 1.17, 95% CI 1.01-1.37) conferred increased risk of ovarian cancer mortality in women above the age of 50 years. CONCLUSION: There was no overall association between MetS and ovarian cancer risk. However, increasing levels of cholesterol and blood pressure increased the risks of mucinous and endometrioid tumours, respectively. Increasing levels of BMI conferred an increased risk of ovarian cancer mortality in women above the age of 50 years.

  • 43. Bjørge, Tone
    et al.
    Stocks, Tanja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Tretli, Steinar
    Selmer, Randi
    Manjer, Jonas
    Rapp, Kilian
    Ulmer, Hanno
    Almquist, Martin
    Concin, Hans
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Jonsson, Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Engeland, Anders
    Metabolic syndrome and endometrial carcinoma2010In: American Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0002-9262, E-ISSN 1476-6256, Vol. 171, no 8, p. 892-902Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The authors examined the association between the metabolic syndrome and risk of incident endometrial and fatal uterine corpus cancer within a large prospective cohort study. Approximately 290,000 women from Austria, Norway, and Sweden were enrolled during 1974-2005, with measurements of height, weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and circulating levels of glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Relative risks were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression. The metabolic syndrome was assessed as a composite z score, as the standardized sum of z scores for body mass index, blood pressure, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. A total of 917 endometrial carcinomas and 129 fatal cancers were identified. Increased risks of incident endometrial carcinoma and fatal uterine corpus cancer were seen for the metabolic syndrome factors combined, as well as for individual factors (except for cholesterol). The relative risk of endometrial carcinoma for the metabolic syndrome was 1.37 (95% confidence interval: 1.28, 1.46) per 1-unit increment of z score. The positive associations between metabolic syndrome factors (both individually and combined) and endometrial carcinoma were confined to the heaviest women. The association between the metabolic syndrome and endometrial carcinoma risk seems to go beyond the risk conferred by obesity alone, particularly in women with a high body mass index.

  • 44. Boffetta, Paolo
    et al.
    Couto, Elisabeth
    Wichmann, Janine
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B
    Büchner, Frederike L
    Key, Tim
    Boeing, Heiner
    Nöthlings, Ute
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Gonzalez, Carlos A
    Overvad, Kim
    Nielsen, Michael R S
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Olsen, Anja
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Morois, Sophie
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Naska, Androniki
    Benetou, Vassiliki
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Panico, Salvatore
    Sieri, Sabina
    Vineis, Paolo
    Palli, Domenico
    van Gils, Carla H
    Peeters, Petra H
    Lund, Eiliv
    Brustad, Magritt
    Engeset, Dagrun
    Huerta, José María
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Sánchez, Maria-José
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology, Cariology.
    Manjer, Jonas
    Sonestedt, Emily
    Allen, Naomi E
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Slimani, Nadia
    Jenab, Mazda
    Mouw, Traci
    Norat, Teresa
    Riboli, Elio
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Fruit and vegetable intake and overall cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)2010In: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, ISSN 0027-8874, E-ISSN 1460-2105, Vol. 102, no 8, p. 529-537Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: It is widely believed that cancer can be prevented by high intake of fruits and vegetables. However, inconsistent results from many studies have not been able to conclusively establish an inverse association between fruit and vegetable intake and overall cancer risk. METHODS: We conducted a prospective analysis of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort to assess relationships between intake of total fruits, total vegetables, and total fruits and vegetables combined and cancer risk during 1992-2000. Detailed information on the dietary habit and lifestyle variables of the cohort was obtained. Cancer incidence and mortality data were ascertained, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable Cox regression models. Analyses were also conducted for cancers associated with tobacco and alcohol after stratification for tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking. RESULTS: Of the initial 142 605 men and 335 873 women included in the study, 9604 men and 21 000 women were identified with cancer after a median follow-up of 8.7 years. The crude cancer incidence rates were 7.9 per 1000 person-years in men and 7.1 per 1000 person-years in women. Associations between reduced cancer risk and increased intake of total fruits and vegetables combined and total vegetables for the entire cohort were similar (200 g/d increased intake of fruits and vegetables combined, HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96 to 0.99; 100 g/d increased intake of total vegetables, HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97 to 0.99); intake of fruits showed a weaker inverse association (100 g/d increased intake of total fruits, HR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.00). The reduced risk of cancer associated with high vegetable intake was restricted to women (HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97 to 0.99). Stratification by alcohol intake suggested a stronger reduction in risk in heavy drinkers and was confined to cancers caused by smoking and alcohol. CONCLUSIONS: A very small inverse association between intake of total fruits and vegetables and cancer risk was observed in this study. Given the small magnitude of the observed associations, caution should be applied in their interpretation.

  • 45. Borena, Wegene
    et al.
    Edlinger, Michael
    Bjørge, Tone
    Häggström, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Lindkvist, Björn
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Engeland, Anders
    Stocks, Tanja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Strohmaier, Susanne
    Manjer, Jonas
    Selmer, Randi
    Tretli, Steinar
    Concin, Hans
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Jonsson, Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Ulmer, Hanno
    A prospective study on metabolic risk factors and gallbladder cancer in the metabolic syndrome and cancer (Me-Can) collaborative study2014In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 9, no 2, p. e89368-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To investigate the association between metabolic risk factors (individually and in combination) and risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC). Methods: The metabolic syndrome and cancer project (Me-Can) includes cohorts from Norway, Austria, and Sweden with data on 578,700 men and women. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to calculate relative risks of GBC by body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides as continuous standardised variables and their standardised sum of metabolic syndrome (MetS) z-score. The risk estimates were corrected for random error in measurements. Results: During an average follow-up of 12.0 years (SD = 7.8), 184 primary gallbladder cancers were diagnosed. Relative risk of gallbladder cancer per unit increment of z-score adjusted for age, smoking status and BMI (except for BMI itself) and stratified by birth year, sex and sub-cohorts, was for BMI 1.31 (95% confidence interval 1.11, 1.57) and blood glucose 1.76 (1.10, 2.85). Further analysis showed that the effect of BMI on GBC risk is larger among women in the premenopausal age group (1.84 (1.23, 2.78)) compared to those in the postmenopausal age group (1.29 (0.93, 1.79)). For the other metabolic factors no significant association was found (mid blood pressure 0.96 (0.71, 1.31), cholesterol 0.84 (0.66, 1.06) and serum triglycerides 1.16 (0.82, 1.64)). The relative risk per one unit increment of the MetS z-score was 1.37 (1.07, 1.73). Conclusion: This study showed that increasing BMI and impaired glucose metabolism pose a possible risk for gallbladder cancer. Beyond the individual factors, the results also showed that the metabolic syndrome as an entity presents a risk constellation for the occurrence of gallbladder cancer.

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  • 46. Borena, Wegene
    et al.
    Stocks, Tanja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Jonsson, Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Strohmaier, Susanne
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Bjørge, Tone
    Manjer, Jonas
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Selmer, Randi
    Almquist, Martin
    Häggström, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Engeland, Anders
    Tretli, Steinar
    Concin, Hans
    Strasak, Alexander
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Ulmer, Hanno
    Serum triglycerides and cancer risk in the metabolic syndrome and cancer (Me-Can) collaborative study2011In: Cancer Causes and Control, ISSN 0957-5243, E-ISSN 1573-7225, Vol. 22, no 2, p. 291-299Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Data from our study provided evidence for a possible role of serum triglycerides in cancer development.

  • 47. Borena, Wegene
    et al.
    Stocks, Tanja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Strohmaier, Susanne
    Strasak, Alexander
    Manjer, Jonas
    Johansen, Dorthe
    Jonsson, Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Rapp, Kilian
    Concin, Hans
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Ulmer, Hanno
    Long-term temporal trends in cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors2009In: Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, ISSN 0043-5325, E-ISSN 1613-7671, Vol. 121, no 19-20, p. 623-630Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: Metabolic factors such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia have consistently been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. There is also growing evidence that these factors are linked to cancer incidence and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate long-term trends in major metabolic risk factors in three large cohorts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 239,602 individuals aged 25-64 years participating in health examinations between 1976 and 2005 were used to estimate prevalence and trends in five risk factors. RESULTS: Irrespective of geographic location, individual metabolic risk factors showed divergent trends across the observation period. Whereas obesity and hyperglycemia in men increased by a per decade ratio of 1.54 (95% CI: 1.42-1.66) and 1.62 (95% CI: 1.49-1.76), respectively, and in women by 1.48 (95% CI: 1.41-1.56) and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.57-1.75), hypertension decreased by 0.71 (95% CI: 0.68-0.74) in men and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79-0.86) in women. Dyslipidemia increased from the 1970s to the 1980s but declined in the succeeding decade. A combination of three or more of these risk factors increased significantly in men by a ratio of 1.15 (95% CI: 1.08-1.22) per decade and in women by 1.20 (95% CI: 1.15-1.27). CONCLUSION: The study shows that individual metabolic risk factors followed divergent trends over the period of three decades even though the combination of three or more risk factors used as a proxy for the metabolic syndrome appeared to be stable over the last two of the decades. The two key components of the syndrome, namely BMI and glucose levels, increased significantly and deserve professional attention.

  • 48. Borena, Wegene
    et al.
    Strohmaier, Susanne
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Bjørge, Tone
    Lindkvist, Björn
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Edlinger, Michael
    Stocks, Tanja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Manjer, Jonas
    Engeland, Anders
    Selmer, Randi
    Häggström, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Tretli, Steinar
    Concin, Hans
    Jonsson, Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Ulmer, Hanno
    Metabolic risk factors and primary liver cancer in a prospective study of 578,700 adults2012In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 131, no 1, p. 193-200Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Initial studies have indicated diabetes and obesity to be risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma; but the association between other metabolic risk factors and primary liver cancer (PLC) has not been investigated. The metabolic syndrome and cancer project (Me-Can) includes cohorts from Norway, Austria and Sweden with data on 578,700 subjects. We used Cox proportional hazard models to calculate relative risks (RRs) of PLC by body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and plasma levels of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides as continuous standardized variables (z-score with mean = 0 and standard deviation (SD) = 1) and their standardized sum of metabolic syndrome (MetS) z-score. RRs were corrected for random error in measurements. During an average follow-up of 12.0 years (SD = 7.8), 266 PLCs were diagnosed among cohort members. RR of liver cancer per unit increment of z-score adjusted for age, smoking status and BMI and stratified by birth year, sex and sub-cohorts, was for BMI 1.39 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24-1.58), mid blood pressure 2.08 (0.95-4.73), blood glucose 2.13 (1.55-2.94) cholesterol 0.62 (0.51-0.76) and serum triglycerides 0.85 (0.65-1.10). The RR per one unit increment of the MetS z-score was 1.35 (1.12-1.61). BMI, glucose and a composite MetS score were positively and cholesterol negatively associated with risk of liver cancer.

  • 49. Brendle, Annika
    et al.
    Brandt, Andreas
    Johansson, Robert
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Enquist, Kerstin
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Hemminki, Kari
    Lenner, Per
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Försti, Asta
    Single nucleotide polymorphisms in chromosomal instability genes and risk and clinical outcome of breast cancer: a Swedish prospective case-control study.2009In: European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), ISSN 1879-0852, Vol. 45, no 3, p. 435-442Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a major characteristic of many cancers. We investigated whether putatively functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to CIN (CENPF, ESPL1, NEK2, PTTG1, ZWILCH, ZWINT) affect breast cancer (BC) risk and clinical outcome in a Swedish cohort of 749 incident BC cases with detailed clinical data and up to 15 years of follow-up and 1493 matched controls. As a main observation, carriers of the A allele of the CENPF SNP rs438034 had a worse BC-specific survival compared to the wild type genotype GG carriers (hazard ratio (HR) 2.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19-5.90), although they were less likely to have regional lymph node metastases (odds ratio (OR) 0.71, 95% CI 0.51-1.01) and tumours of stage II-IV (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.54-0.99). As there is increasing evidence that CENPF is associated with poor prognosis in patients with primary BC, further independent studies are needed to clarify the importance of genetic variation in the CENPF gene in the clinic.

  • 50.
    Brink, Mikael
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology.
    Hansson, Monika
    Mathsson, Linda
    Jakobsson, Per-Johan
    Holmdahl, Rikard
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Stenlund, Hans
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Rönnelid, Johan
    Klareskog, Lars
    Rantapää-Dahlqvist, Solbritt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology.
    Multiplex analyses of antibodies against citrullinated peptides in individuals prior to development of rheumatoid arthritis2013In: Arthritis and Rheumatism, ISSN 0004-3591, E-ISSN 1529-0131, Vol. 65, no 4, p. 899-910Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: The presence of antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides has been demonstrated to precede the symptom onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by several years. Antibodies against 10 citrullinated autoantigen-derived peptides were analysed for reactivity before onset of symptoms. METHODS: In the Medical Biobank of Northern Sweden 409 individuals were identified, of whom 386 provided 717 samples, obtained before onset of symptoms of RA (median time 7.4 (IQR 9.3) years); 1305 population based controls were also identified. Antibodies to 10 citrullinated peptides; fibrinogen (Fib) Fibα573, Fibα591, Fibß36-52, Fibß72, Fibß74, α-enolase (CEP-1), Type II Collagen citC1(III) , filaggrin, vimentin (Vim)2-17, and Vim60-75 were analysed using a microarray system. RESULTS: The antibody fluorescence intensity of Fibß36-52, Fibß74, CEP-1, citC1(III) , and filaggrin was significantly increased in pre-disease individuals compared with controls (p<0.001). The levels of the earliest detectable antibodies (Fibα591 and Vim60-75) fluctuated over time, with only a slight increase after onset of disease. Antibodies against Fibß36-52, CEP-1 and filaggrin increased gradually reaching the highest levels of all antibodies before symptom onset. A cluster of antibodies, citC1(III) , Fibα573 and Fibß74 increased only slightly before onset of symptoms but prominently after disease onset. The odds ratio for development of RA with a combination of CEP-1 and Fibß36-52 antibodies (<3.35 years pre-dating) was 38.8 (CI95%14.5-103.5) compared with having either. CONCLUSION: Development of an immune response towards citrullinated peptides is initially restricted but expands with time to induce a more specific response with increasing levels towards onset of symptoms, particularly invoving antibodies against CEP-1, Fibß36-52 and filaggrin.

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