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  • 1.
    Bergström, Per
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Matematiska vetenskaper.
    Khodadad, Davood
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Dual-wavelength digital holography: single-shot shape evaluation using speckle displacements and regularization2014Inngår i: Applied Optics, ISSN 1559-128X, E-ISSN 2155-3165, Vol. 53, nr 1, s. 123-131Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper discusses the possibility of evaluating the shape of a free-form object in comparison with its shape prescribed by a CAD model. Measurements are made based on a single-shot recording using dualwavelength holography with a synthetic wavelength of 1.4 mm. Each hologram is numerically propagated to different focus planes and correlated. The result is a vector field of speckle displacements that is linearly dependent on the local distance between the measured surface and the focus plane. From these speckle displacements, a gradient field of the measured surface is extracted through a proportional relationship. The gradient field obtained from the measurement is then aligned to the shape of the CAD model using the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm and regularization. Deviations between the measured shape and the CAD model are found from the phase difference field, giving a high precision shape evaluation. The phase differences and the CAD model are also used to find a representation of the measured shape. The standard deviation of the measured shape relative the CAD model varies between 7 and 19 μm, depending on the slope.

  • 2.
    Bergström, Per
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Matematiska vetenskaper.
    Khodadad, Davood
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Single shot shape evaluation using dual-wavelength holographic reconstructions and regularization2014Inngår i: Fringe 2013: 7th International Workshop on Advanced Optical Imaging and Metrology / [ed] Wolfgang Osten, Berlin: Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag, 2014, s. 103-108Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this work is to evaluate the shape of a free form object using single shot digital holography. The digital holography results in a gradient field and wrapped phase maps representing the shape of the object. The task is then to find a surface representation from this data which is an inverse problem. To solve this inverse problem we are using regularization with additional shape information from the CAD-model of the measured object.

  • 3.
    Hällstig, Emil
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Svanbro, Angelica
    Characterization and compensation of decorrelations in interferometric set-ups using active optics2007Inngår i: Optical Measurement Systems for Industrial Inspection V / [ed] Wolfgang Osten; Christophe Gorecki; Erik L. Novak, Bellingham, Wash.: SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering, 2007, s. 661619-Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Decorrelation in an interferometric set-up appears due to movements of the speckle pattern. In the case of rigid body movements the effect of decorrelation severely limits the performance of speckle interferometers. If the movement is larger than the speckle size the wanted phase information of the deformation is lost. Phase modulating spatial light modulators (SLMs) provide a new method to non-mechanically deflect and shape light. By using the SLM for scanning the field-of-view and focusing at different distances it is possible to measure intensity speckle patterns in a three-dimensional volume. These intensity images can then be cross correlated to give a three-dimensional correlation coefficient of the speckle pattern. If an SLM is utilized in an interferometric set-up it is possible to compensate for unwanted movements during an experiment. The measured correlation coefficient will then provide information regarding how large movements that are allowed with maintained performance of the interferometer. It is shown that for large movements the SLM can be used to retrieve phase maps.

  • 4.
    Khodadad, Davood
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Amer, Eynas
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Gren, Per
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Melander, Emil
    Uppsala University.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Single-shot dual-polarization holography: measurement of the polarization state of a magnetic sample2015Inngår i: SPECKLE 2015: VI International Conference on Speckle Metrology / [ed] Fernando Mendoza Santoyo; Eugenio R. Mendez, SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering, 2015Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper a single-shot digital holographic set-up with two orthogonally polarized reference beams is proposed to achieve rapid acquisition of Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect images. Principles of the method and the background theory for dynamic state of polarization measurement by use of digital holography are presented. This system has no mechanically moving elements or active elements for polarization control and modulation. An object beam is combined with two reference beams at different off-axis angles and is guided to a detector. Then two complex fields (interference terms) representing two orthogonal polarizations are recorded in a single frame simultaneously. Thereafter the complex fields are numerically reconstructed and carrier frequency calibration is done to remove aberrations introduced in multiplexed digital holographic recordings. From the numerical values of amplitude and phase, a real time quantitative analysis of the polarization state is possible by use of Jones vectors. The technique is demonstrated on a magnetic sample that is a lithographically patterned magnetic microstructure consisting of thin permalloy parallel stripes.

  • 5.
    Khodadad, Davood
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Bergström, Per
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Matematiska vetenskaper.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Dual-wavelength digital holography: single shot calibration2014Inngår i: Interferometry XVII: Techniques and Analysis, Bellingham, Wash: SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering, 2014, artikkel-id 920305Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In an on line shape measurement in disturbed environment, use of many wavelengths in order to avoid phase ambiguity may become a problem as it is necessary to acquire all holograms simultaneously due to environmental disturbances. Therefore to make the shape data available the different holograms have to be extracted from a single recorded image in spectral domain. Appropriate cut areas in the Fourier method are therefore of great importance for decoding information carried by different wavelengths. Furthermore using different laser sources, induces aberration and pseudo phase changes which must be compensated. To insure any phase change is only because of the object shape, calibration is therefore indispensable. For this purpose, effects of uncontrolled carrier frequency filtering are discussed. A registration procedure is applied using minimum speckle displacements to find the best cut area to extract and match the interference terms. Both holograms are numerically propagated to a focus plane to avoid any unknown errors. Deviations between a reference known plate and its measurement are found and used for calibration. We demonstrate that phase maps and speckle displacements can be recovered free of chromatic aberrations. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a single shot dual wavelength calibration is reported by defining a criteria to make the spatial filtering automatic avoiding the problems of manual methods. The procedure is shown to give shape accuracy of 35μm with negligible systematic errors using a synthetic wavelength of 1.1 mm.

  • 6.
    Khodadad, Davood
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Bergström, Per
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Matematiska vetenskaper.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Optronic Partner dp AB, Box 733, SE-931 27 Skellefteå, Sweden.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Fast and robust automatic calibration for single-shot dual-wavelength digital holography based on speckle displacements2015Inngår i: Applied Optics, ISSN 1559-128X, E-ISSN 2155-3165, Vol. 54, nr 16, s. 5003-5010Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The objective of this paper is to describe a fast and robust automatic single-shot dual-wavelength holographic calibration method that can be used for online shape measurement applications. We present a model of the correction in two terms for each lobe, one to compensate the systematic errors caused by off-axis angles and the other for the curvature of the reference waves, respectively. Each hologram is calibrated independently without a need for an iterative procedure or information of the experimental set-up. The calibration parameters are extracted directly from speckle displacements between different reconstruction planes. The parameters can be defined as any fraction of a pixel to avoid the effect of quantization. Using the speckle displacements, problems associated with phase wrapping is avoided. The procedure is shown to give a shape accuracy of 34 μm using a synthetic wavelength of 1.1 mm for a measurement on a cylindrical test object with a trace over a field of view of 18  mm×18  mm.

  • 7.
    Khodadad, Davood
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Bergström, Per
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Matematiska vetenskaper.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Single Shot Dual-Wavelength Digital Holography: Calibration Based on Speckle Displacements2014Inngår i: International Journal of Optomechatronics, ISSN 1559-9612, Vol. 8, nr 4, s. 326-339Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a calibration method which allows single shot dual wavelength online shape measurement in a disturbed environment. Effects of uncontrolled carrier frequency filtering are discussed as well. We demonstrate that phase maps and speckle displacements can be recovered free of chromatic aberrations. To our knowledge, this is the first time that a single shot dual wavelength calibration is reported by defining a criteria to make the spatial filtering automatic avoiding the problems of manual methods. The procedure is shown to give shape accuracy of 35 µm with negligible systematic errors using a synthetic wavelength of 1.1 mm.

  • 8.
    Khodadad, Davood
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Hällstig, Emil J.
    Optronic Partner dp AB Box 733 SE-931 27 Skellefteå, Sweden.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Dual-wavelength digital holographic shape measurement using speckle movements and phase gradients2013Inngår i: Optical Engineering: The Journal of SPIE, ISSN 0091-3286, E-ISSN 1560-2303, Vol. 52, nr 10, artikkel-id 101912Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    A new method to measure shape by analyzing the speckle movements in images generated by numerical propagation from dual-wavelength holograms is presented. The relationship of the speckle movements at different focal distances is formulated, and it is shown how this carries information about the surface position as well as the local slope of the object. It is experimentally verified that dual-wavelength holography and numerically generated speckle images can be used together with digital speckle correlation to retrieve the object shape. From a measurement on a cylindrical test object, the method is demonstrated to have a random error in the order of a few micrometers.

  • 9.
    Khodadad, Davood
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Optronic Partner dp AB, Sweden.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Shape reconstruction using dual wavelength digital holography and speckle movements2013Inngår i: Optical Measurement Systems for Industrial Inspection VIII, / [ed] Peter H. Lehmann; Wolfgang Osten; Armando Albertazzi, SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering, 2013Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    A new technique to measure depth based on dual wavelength digital holography and image correlation of speckle movements is demonstrated. By numerical refocusing of the complex optical field to different focus planes and by measuring the speckle movements caused by a wavelength shift both the object surface position and its local slope can be determined. It is shown how the speckle movement varies linearly with the surface slope, the wavelength shift and the distance of the numerical propagation. This gives a possibility to measure the slope with approximately the same precision as from the interferometric phase maps. In addition, when the object surface is in focus there is no speckle movement so by estimating in what plane the speckle movement is zero the absolute surface position can be measured.

  • 10.
    Rosendahl, Sara
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Bergström, Per
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Matematiska vetenskaper.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Optisk formmätning för användning on-line i tillverkningsprocesser2009Inngår i: Svenska mekanikdagarna: Södertälje 2009, Stockholm: Svenska nationalkommittén för mekanik , 2009, s. 88-Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
  • 11.
    Rosendahl, Sara
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Gren, Per
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Phase errors due to speckles in laser fringe projection2010Inngår i: Applied Optics, ISSN 1559-128X, E-ISSN 2155-3165, Vol. 49, nr 11, s. 2047-2053Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    When measuring a three-dimensional shape with triangulation and projected interference fringes it is of interest to reduce speckle contrast without destroying the coherence of the projected light. A moving aperture is used to suppress the speckles and thereby reduce the phase error in the fringe image. It is shown that the phase error depends linearly on the ratio between the speckle contrast and the modulation of the fringes. In this investigation the spatial carrier method was used to extract the phase, where the phase error also depends on filtering the Fourier spectrum. An analytical expression for the phase error is derived. Both the speckle reduction and the theoretical expressions for the phase error are verified by simulations and experiments. It was concluded that a movement of the aperture by three aperture diameters during exposure of the image reduces the speckle contrast and hence the phase error by 60%. In the experiments, a phase error of 0.2 rad was obtained.

  • 12.
    Rosendahl, Sara
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Gren, Per
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Phase errors in speckle reduced laser fringe projection2010Inngår i: Speckle 2010: optical metrology : 13 - 15 September 2010, Florianópolis, Brazil / [ed] Armando Albertazzi Gonçalves, Bellingham, Wash: SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering, 2010, s. 73871E-Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    When measuring 3D-shape with triangulation and projected interference fringes it is of interest to reduce the phase error in the fringe pattern. A study has been carried out concerning parameters that will affect the phase error and an analytical expression has been derived. It is concluded that the phase error depends on the speckle contrast, C, and the modulation, M, of the fringes and since the phase in this investigation is determined using the spatial carrier method the phase error also depends on the filtering of the Fourier spectrum. To reduce the phase error this work has been focusing on suppressing the speckle contrast. For this the method with a moving aperture is used; a disk with several apertures is rotated in the aperture plane of the camera lens. To verify the derived expression for the phase error and the method to suppress speckles both numerical simulations and experiments have been performed. In the measurements made it was concluded that after an aperture movement of three aperture diameters the speckle contrast and hence the phase error was reduced by 60 %. A phase error of 0.15 radians was obtained in the experiments, thus approximately 1/40 of a fringe period

  • 13.
    Rosendahl, Sara
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Hällstig, Emil
    Optronic, Box 733, SE-931 27 Skellefteå, Sweden.
    Gren, Per
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Shape measurement with one fringe pattern recording including a digital master2010Inngår i: Applied Optics, ISSN 1559-128X, E-ISSN 2155-3165, Vol. 49, nr 14, s. 2622-2629Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a method in which the 3D shape of an object can be measured and compared to the shape of the digital master of the object, e.g., the computer-aided design model. The measurement is done using a stereo camera system and a single projected fringe pattern. Because the digital master is available, i.e., the expected shape is known, only one projection and image recording is necessary; thus, the method becomes fast. The idea in this work is to find homologous points in the cameras, i.e., points corresponding to the same object point, using the object information. An algorithm to find the homologous points is presented and a method to calculate shape is described. Given the ambiguity due to the fact that the phase in the images is wrapped, there is a maximum deviation from the master that can be correctly detected. An analytical expression for this deviation is derived. Results from the shape measurement of an object both with and without deviations from the digital master are also presented. In these measurements, where the measurement volume is approximately 1 dm3 and the fringe period on the object plane is about 1 mm, the accuracy is ≈± 40 μm, and a deviation of max ≈± 1.6mm can be correctly detected.

  • 14.
    Rosendahl, Sara
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Sjödahl, Mikael
    Hällstig, Emil
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik.
    Incoherent imaging of coherent projection2007Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
1 - 14 of 14
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