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  • 1.
    Kamala, B.
    et al.
    Univ Stavanger, Dept Hlth Sci, Stavanger, Norway;Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Mgaya, Andrew
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Ngarina, M.
    Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Kidanto, Hussein L.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Predictors of low birthweight and 24-hour survival rate at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam: A 5-year retrospective analysis of obstetric records2017In: British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ISSN 1470-0328, E-ISSN 1471-0528, Vol. 124, p. 20-20Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 2.
    Kamala, Benjamin Anathory
    et al.
    Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania; Univ Stavanger, Dept Hlth Sci, Stavanger, Norway.
    Mgaya, Andrew Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Ngarina, Matilda Michael
    Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Kidanto, Hussein Leiso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Predictors of low birth weight and 24-hour perinatal outcomes at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a five-year retrospective analysis of obstetric records2018In: Pan African Medical Journal, E-ISSN 1937-8688, Vol. 29, article id 220Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: the global prevalence of low birth weight (LBW) is 16%, representing more than 20 million infants worldwide, of which 96% are born in low-income countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, predictors and perinatal outcomes of LBW newborns.

    Methods: we conducted a retrospective analysis of data obtained from the hospital's obstetric and neonatal database. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were performed with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

    Results: the prevalence of LBW was 21% (n = 8,011) and two-thirds of these were delivered at term. Seven percent of newborns were stillbirths and 2% died within 24hrs after birth. Logistic regression revealed that primigravida and grand multiparity were associated with LBW (OR: 1.25, 95%CI: 1.15-1.37; and OR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.01-1.25, respectively). Having <4 antenatal care (ANC) visits was associated with increased odds of LBW (OR: 1.74, 95%CI: 1.59-1.87). Regression models revealed an independent association between LBW and increased odds of stillbirths (OR = 7.20, 95%CI 6.71-7.90), low Apgar score (OR = 3.42, 95%CI: 3.12-3.76) and early neonatal deaths (OR = 1.82, 95%CI: 1.51-2.19).

    Conclusion: the prevalence of LBW was high and was associated with extreme maternal age groups, grand multiparity, low maternal education, low number of ANC visits and obstetrics risks factors and complications. Both LBW and prematurity were independently associated with poor perinatal outcome. Future interventions should focus on improving the quality of ANC and integrating peripartum emergency obstetric and neonatal care.

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  • 3.
    Litorp, Helena
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Mgaya, Andrew
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Mbekenga, Columba K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Kidanto, Hussein L.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Johnsdotter, Sara
    Malmo Univ, Fac Hlth & Soc, S-20506 Malmo, Sweden.
    Essén, Birgitta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Fear, Blame And Transparency: Obstetric caregivers' rationales for high caesarean section rates in a low-resource setting2015In: Social Science and Medicine, ISSN 0277-9536, E-ISSN 1873-5347, Vol. 143, p. 232-240Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent decades, there has been growing attention to the overuse of caesarean section (CS) globally. In light of a high CS rate at a university hospital in Tanzania, we aimed to explore obstetric caregivers' rationales for their hospital's CS rate to identify factors that might cause CS overuse. After participant observations, we performed 22 semi-structured individual in-depth interviews and 2 focus group discussions with 5-6 caregivers in each. Respondents were consultants, specialists, residents, and midwives. The study relied on a framework of naturalistic inquiry and we analyzed data using thematic analysis. As a conceptual framework, we situated our findings in the discussion of how transparency and auditing can induce behavioral change and have unintended effects. Caregivers had divergent opinions on whether the hospital's CS rate was a problem or not, but most thought that there was an overuse of CS. All caregivers rationalized the high CS rate by referring to circumstances outside their control. In private practice, some stated they were affected by the economic compensation for CS, while others argued that unnecessary CSs were due to maternal demand. Residents often missed support from their senior colleagues when making decisions, and felt that midwives pushed them to perform CSs. Many caregivers stated that their fear of blame from colleagues and management in case of poor outcomes made them advocate for, or perform, CSs on doubtful indications. In order to lower CS rates, caregivers must acknowledge their roles as decision-makers, and strive to minimize unnecessary CSs. Although auditing and transparency are important to improve patient safety, they must be used with sensitivity regarding any unintended or counterproductive effects they might have.

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  • 4.
    Litorp, Helena
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Rööst, Mattias
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Kidanto, Hussein L.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania..
    Nyström, Lennarth
    Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Epidemiol & Global Hlth, Umea, Sweden..
    Essén, Birgitta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    The effects of previous cesarean deliveries on severe maternal and adverse perinatal outcomes at a university hospital in Tanzania2016In: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, ISSN 0020-7292, E-ISSN 1879-3479, Vol. 133, no 2, p. 183-187Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To investigate if multiparous individuals who had undergone a previous cesarean delivery experienced an increased risk of severe maternal outcomes or adverse perinatal outcomes compared with multiparous individuals who had undergone previous vaginal deliveries. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study at a university hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, enrolled multiparous participants of at least 28 weeks of pregnancy between February 1 and June 30, 2012. Data were collected from patients' medical records and the hospital's obstetric database. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (Cl) were calculated to compare outcomes among patients who had or had not undergone previous cesarean deliveries. Results: A total of 2478 patients were enrolled. A previous cesarean delivery resulted in no increase in the risk of severe maternal outcomes (OR0.86, 95% CI 0.58-1.26; P = 0.46), and decreased risk of stillbirth (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.29-0.62, P < 0.001), and intrapartum stillbirth and neonatal distress (OR 0.58, 95% CI 038-0.87, P = 0.007). Conclusion: Previous cesarean delivery was not a risk factor for severe maternal outcomes or adverse perinatal outcomes. The present study was conducted at a referral institution, where individuals with previous cesarean deliveries may constitute a healthy group. Additionally, there could be differences between the study groups in terms of healthcare-seeking behavior, referral mechanisms, intrapartum monitoring, and clinical decision making.

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  • 5.
    Makokha-Sandell, Henrik
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Maternal and Reproductive Health and Migration.
    Mgaya, Andrew
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Maternal and Reproductive Health and Migration. Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, POB 65001, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania..
    Belachew, Johanna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Maternal and Reproductive Health and Migration.
    Litorp, Helena
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), Global Health Research on Implementation and Sustainability.
    Kidanto, Hussein L.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Aga Khan Univ, Med Coll, POB 38129, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.;Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania..
    Essén, Birgitta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Maternal and Reproductive Health and Migration.
    Low use of vacuum extraction: Health care Professionals' Perspective in a University Hospital, Dar es Salaam2020In: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare, ISSN 1877-5756, E-ISSN 1877-5764, Vol. 25, article id 100533Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Use of vacuum extraction (VE) has been declining in low and middle income countries. At the highest referral hospital Tanzania, 54% of deliveries are performed by caesarean section (CS) and only 0.8% by VE. Use of VE has the potential to reduce CS rates and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes but causes for its low use is not fully explored.

    Method: During November and December of 2017 participatory observations, semi-structured in-depth interviews (n = 29) and focus group discussions (n = 2) were held with midwives, residents and specialists working at the highest referral hospital in Tanzania. Thematic analysis was used to identify rationales for low VE use.

    Findings: Unstructured and inconsistent clinical teaching structure, interdependent on a fear and blame culture, as well as financial incentives and a lack of structured, adhered to and updated guidelines were identified as rationales for CS instead of VE use. Although all informants showed positivity towards clinical teaching of VE, a subpar communication between clinics and academia was stated as resulting in absent clinical teachers and unaccountable students.

    Conclusion: This study draws connections between the low use of VE and the inconsistent and unstructured clinical training of VE expressed through the health care providers' points of view. However, clinical teaching in VE was highly welcomed by the informers which may serve as a good starting point for future interventions.

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  • 6.
    Mgaya, Andrew H.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Maternal and Reproductive Health and Migration. Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Kidanto, Hussein L.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Maternal and Reproductive Health and Migration. Minist Hlth Community Dev Gender Elderly & Childr, Reprod & Child Hlth, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Nystrom, Lennarth
    Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med, Epidemiol & Global Hlth Unit, Umea, Sweden.
    Essén, Birgitta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH), International Maternal and Reproductive Health and Migration.
    Use of a criteria-based audit to optimize uptake of cesarean delivery in a low-resource setting2019In: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics, ISSN 0020-7292, E-ISSN 1879-3479, Vol. 144, no 2, p. 199-209Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To evaluate the impact of a criteria-based audit (CBA) of obstructed labor and fetal distress on cesarean delivery and perinatal outcomes.

    Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed at a tertiary referral hospital in Tanzania. Data were collected before and after CBA (January 2013-November 2013 and July 2015-June 2016). Outcomes of fetal distress (baseline CBA, n=248; re-audit, n=251) and obstructed labor (baseline CBA, n=260; re-audit n=250) were assessed using a checklist. Additionally, 27 960 parturients were assessed using the Robson classification.

    Results: Perinatal morbidity and mortality decreased from 42 of 260 (16.2%) to 22 of 250 (8.8%) among patients with obstructed labor after CBA (P=0.012). Cesarean delivery rate decreased for referred term multiparas with induced labor or prelabor cesarean delivery (odds ratio [OR] 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.09-0.82). Cesarean delivery rate for preterm pregnancies increased among both referred (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.02-1.63) and non-referred (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.98-3.90) groups. Neonatal distress rate decreased for referred term multiparas (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.92), referred preterm pregnancies (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.25-0.39), and non-referred preterm pregnancies (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.18-0.36).

    Conclusion: Use of CBA reduced poor perinatal outcomes of obstructed labor and increased uptake of cesarean delivery.

  • 7.
    Mgaya, Andrew
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, POB 65000, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania..
    Hinju, Januarius
    Benjamin Mkapa Referral Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Dodoma, Tanzania..
    Kidanto, Hussein L.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, POB 65000, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.;Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania..
    Is time of birth a predictor of adverse perinatal outcome?: A hospital-based cross-sectional study in a low-resource setting, Tanzania2017In: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, ISSN 1471-2393, E-ISSN 1471-2393, Vol. 17, article id 184Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Inconsistent evidence of a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes during off-hours compared to office hours necessitated a search for clear evidence of an association between time of birth and adverse perinatal outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary referral hospital compared perinatal outcomes across three working shifts over 24 h. A checklist and a questionnaire were used to record parturients' socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics, mode of delivery and perinatal outcomes, including 5th minute Apgar score, and early neonatal mortality. Risks of adverse outcomes included maternal age, parity, referral status and mode of delivery, and were assessed for their association with time of delivery and prevalence of fresh stillbirth as a proxy for poor perinatal outcome at a significance level of p = 0.05. Results: Off-hour deliveries were nearly twice as likely to occur during the night shift (odds ratio (OR), 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.50-1.72), but were unlikely during the evening shift (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.45-0.71) (all p < 0.001). Neonatal distress (O.R, 1.48, 95% CI; 1.07-2.04, p = 0.02), early neonatal deaths (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.07-2.72, p = 0.03) and fresh stillbirths (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.31-2.90, p = 0.001) were more significantly associated with deliveries occurring during night shifts compared to evening and morning shifts. However, fresh stillbirths occurring during the night shift were independently associated with antenatal admission from clinics or wards, referral from another hospital, and abnormal breech delivery (OR 1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.9, p = 0.001, for fresh stillbirths; OR, 5.0; 95% CI 1.7-8.3, p < 0.001, for antenatal admission; OR, 95% CI, 1.1-2.9, p < 0.001, for referral form another hospital; and OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.02-2.6, p = 0.004, for abnormal breech deliveries). Conclusion: Off-hours deliveries, particularly during the night shift, were significantly associated with higher proportions of adverse perinatal outcomes, including low Apgar score, early neonatal death and fresh stillbirth, compared to morning and evening shifts. Labour room admissions from antenatal wards, referrals from another hospital and abnormal breech delivery were independent risk factors for poor perinatal outcome, particularly fresh stillbirths.

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  • 8.
    Mgaya, Andrew
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania..
    Kidanto, Hussein L.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Minist Hlth Community Dev Gender Elderly & Childr, Reprod & Child Hlth Sect, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania..
    Nystrom, Lennarth
    Umea Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med Epidemiol & Global Hlth, Umea, Sweden..
    Essén, Birgitta
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH).
    Improving Standards of Care in Obstructed Labour: A Criteria-Based Audit at a Referral Hospital in a Low-Resource Setting in Tanzania2016In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 11, no 11, article id e0166619Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective In low-resource settings, obstructed labour is strongly associated with severe maternal morbidity and intrapartum asphyxia, and consequently maternal and perinatal deaths. This study evaluated the impact of a criteria-based audit of the diagnosis and management of obstructed labour in a low-resource setting. Methods A baseline criteria-based audit was conducted from October 2013 to March 2014, followed by a workshop in which stakeholders gave feedback on interventions agreed upon to improve obstetric care. The implemented interventions included but were not limited to introducing standard guidelines for diagnosis and management of obstructed labour, agreeing on mandatory review by specialist for cases that are assigned caesarean section, re-training and supervision on use and interpretation of partograph and, strengthening team work between doctors, mid-wives and theatre staff. After implementing these interventions in March, a re-audit was performed from July 2015 to November, 2015, and the results were compared to those of the baseline audit. Results Two hundred and sixty deliveries in the baseline survey and 250 deliveries in the follow-up survey were audited. Implementing the new criteria improved the diagnosis from 74% to 81% (p = 0.049) and also the management of obstructed labour from 4.2% at baseline audit to 9.2% at re-audit (p = 0.025). Improved detection of prolonged labour through heightened observation of regular contractions, protracted cervical dilatation, protracted descent of presenting part, arrested cervical dilation, and severe moulding contributed to improved standards of diagnosis (all p < 0.04). Patient reviews by senior obstetricians increased from 34% to 43% (p = 0.045) and reduced time for caesarean section intervention from the median time of 120 to 90 minutes (p = 0.001) improved management (all p < 0.05). Perinatal outcomes, neonatal distress and fresh stillbirths, were reduced from 16% to. 8.8% (p = 0.01). Conclusion A criteria-based audit proved to be a feasible and useful tool in improving diagnosis and management of obstructed labour using available resources. Some of the observed changes in practice were of modest magnitude implying demand for further improvements, while sustaining those already put in place.

  • 9.
    Misaeli, C. G.
    et al.
    Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Kamala, B. A.
    Muhimbili National Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; University of Stavanger, Department of Health Science.
    Mgaya, Andrew
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Muhimbili National Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Kidanto, Hussein Leiso
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Muhimbili National Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.
    Factors associated with women's intention to request caesarean delivery in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania2017In: Sajog-South African Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology, ISSN 0038-2329, Vol. 23, no 2, p. 56-62Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. In the past decade, the rate of caesarean section (CS) has increased dramatically in many parts of the world. At Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) there has been a dramatic rise in the caesarean section rate over the past decade.

    Objective. To determine the incidence of maternal request for CS and factors associated with intention to request caesarean section at the MNH antenatal clinic.

    Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study from August to October 2014. A structured questionnaire gathered participants' background and obstetric information, perceptions and opinions regarding a request for caesarean section, and the respective reasons for the request. Confidence intervals were calculated and a p-value <0.05 was considered significant.

    Results. The incidence of CS on maternal request was about 6%. The intention to request for CS in the index pregnancy was 8%. Higher-level education and formal-sector employment had higher odds for requesting CS (p=0.01 and p=0.05, respectively). Half of the participants agreed that maternal request for CS should be allowed; more private patients agreed that it could affect the doctor-patient relationship (p=0.02); more private patients agreed that request for CS was due to fear of losing a child (p=0.03). Previous history of CS was an independent predictor of maternal request for caesarean section (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.7-15.4) and (OR 5.8; 95% CI 1.6-20.1), respectively.

    Conclusion. Maternal requests for CS exist at the national referral hospital in Tanzania. This was associated with factors other than women's preferences, including perceived fear of child loss and events associated with previous CS.

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  • 10.
    Åhman, Annika
    et al.
    Umea Univ, Dept Clin Sci Obstet & Gynaecol, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden..
    Edvardsson, Kristina
    Umea Univ, Dept Clin Sci Obstet & Gynaecol, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden.;La Trobe Univ, Judith Lumley Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia..
    Kidanto, Hussein L.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health (IMCH). Minist Hlth Social Welf Gender Children & Elderly, Reproduct Maternal & Child Hlth, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
    Ngarina, Matilda
    Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania..
    Small, Rhonda
    La Trobe Univ, Judith Lumley Ctr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia..
    Mogren, Ingrid
    Umea Univ, Dept Clin Sci Obstet & Gynaecol, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden..
    'Without ultrasound you can't reach the best decision': Midwives' experiences and views of the role of ultrasound in maternity care in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania2018In: Sexual & Reproductive HealthCare, ISSN 1877-5756, E-ISSN 1877-5764, Vol. 15, p. 28-34Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To explore Tanzanian midwives' experiences and views of the role of obstetric ultrasound in relation to clinical management of pregnancy, and in situations where maternal and fetal health interests conflict.

    Method: In 2015, five focus group discussions were conducted with midwives (N = 31) at three public referral hospitals in the Dar es Salaam region as part of the CROss Country Ultrasound Study (CROCUS).

    Results: Ultrasound was described as decisive for proper management of pregnancy complications. Midwives noted an increasing interest in ultrasound among pregnant women. However, concerns were expressed about the lack of ultrasound equipment and staff capable of skilful operation. Further, counselling regarding medical management was perceived as difficult due to low levels of education among pregnant women.

    Conclusion: Ultrasound has an important role in management of pregnancy complications. However, lack of equipment and shortage of skilled healthcare professionals seem to hamper use of obstetric ultrasound in this particular low-resource setting. Increased availability of obstetric ultrasound seems warranted, but further investments need to be balanced with advanced clinical skills' training as barriers, including power outages and lack of functioning equipment, are likely to continue to limit the provision of pregnancy ultrasound in this setting.

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