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  • 1.
    Abrahimi, Roqaya
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Chekomasova, Anastasiia
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Personernas upplevelser av att leva med diabetes mellitus2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease that has risen from 108 million to 422 million between 1980 and 2014. The disease is caused by elevated levels of glucose in the bloodstream related to insulin deficiency or insulin-resistant tissue cells. The disease requires lifelong medical treatment and adherence to healthy lifestyles. Health professionals have an important role in the development of the person's ability to coexist with the disease.

    Purpose: to describe person's experiences of living with diabetes mellitus. 

    Method: a descriptive literature review based on 15 qualitative studies relevant to the purpose of the study. Databases PubMed and CINAHL were used when searching for relevant scientific studies. 

    Main result: Coexistence with diabetes mellitus requires an approach to healthy lifestyles and follow-up of medical recommendations, which affects the person's quality of life and well-being in different ways. Person with diabetes saw health professionals and family have a supporting role in managing diabetes. 

    Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects a person's state of health and quality of life. Person`s experience a lack of knowledge related to lack of information and guidance from caregivers. In order to achieve good quality of life and well-being in patients, it is important that nurses carry out their work based on person-centered nursing.

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  • 2.
    Ackelman, Birgitta Helmerson
    et al.
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Area Occupat Therapy & Phys Therapy, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Sundholm, Anna
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Kierkegaard, Marie
    Karolinska Univ Hosp, Funct Area Occupat Therapy & Phys Therapy, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Div Physiotherapy, Stockholm, Sweden.;Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hedborg, Kerstin
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Waldenlind, Elisabet
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Ingela, A.
    Remahl, M. Nilsson
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Migraine patient school (MPS) - A structured multimodal educational programme for patients with high frequency and chronic migraine2019In: Cephalalgia, ISSN 0333-1024, E-ISSN 1468-2982, Vol. 39, p. 332-332Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 3.
    Agebro, Olivia
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Nilsson, Märtha
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Skattningen och sambanden mellan psykosocial arbetsmiljö och välbefinnande hos primärvårdssköterskor: En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie med deskriptiv och korrelativ design2023Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Statistics show that 8% of all licensed nurses do not work in healthcare. Causes are high workload and work-related stress. Previous research presents that workplaces proactively work for the well-being of staff have more prosperous employees. Without the feeling of well-being of the nurse, patient safety and the quality of care will be worse.

    Aim: Aim to describe the primary care nurse’s assessment of the psychosocial work environment and well-being and study the relationship between these variables.

    Method: A quantitative cross-sectional study with descriptive and correlational design. A total of 170 questionnaires were sent out to nurses and district nurses working in regionally managed and privately owned primary care in Central Sweden. Response rate: 58%. Instrument used; Factors perceived stress symptoms, Thriving Scale, Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire Version III.

    Result: Strong correlation between high work-privacy conflicts and higher stress symptoms were seen, this means the variables co-vary negatively. High work pace correlates negatively with stress symptoms. Positive correlation was seen between feeling pride in the organization and well-being, vitality, learning and thriving at the workplace. Vitality and learning were rated high, which indicates high levels of thriving.

    Conclusion: Several statistically significant relationships between psychosocial work environments and well-being were found. This implies that psychosocial work environment affects primary care nurse’s well-being. It underlines the importance of organizations prioritizing creating a sustainable work environment for the well-being to be preserved and improved.

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    Skattningen och sambanden mellan psykosocial arbetsmiljö och välbefinnande hos primärvårdssköterskor
  • 4.
    Aggarwal, Felicia
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Landström, Sofia
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Effekten av olika typer av fysisk aktivitet för patienter med diabetes typ 22020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a condition that is increasing in the world and targets the youth. There is much that the patients can do themselves to influence the disease in form of self-care, for example through physical activity. Aim The aim was to describe the effect of physical activity on adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method This was a literature study in which 11 original articles with a quantitative approach had been reviewed and analyzed. Results Physical activity improved both bodily functions, biomedical markers and patients’ quality of life. The results were influenced by the type of exercise and intensity of physical activity they practiced. Hypoglycemic drug inhibited the good results of physical activity. Conclusion Physical activity was a effective form of treatment where the most favorable results were shown. The effect depended on the form of exercise, intensity and the patients’ compliance. As a nurse it can be important to motivate, inform and support the patients towards a healthier lifestyle.

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  • 5.
    Ahlmström, Sandra
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sarenbrink, Hanna
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med ett självskadebeteende: En deskriptiv litteraturstudie2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: About 50 years ago, self-injurious behavior was considered rare, a symptom associated with psychosis or suicidal thoughts. In today's society, self-injurious behavior is a widespread phenomenon, especially among adolescents and adults dealing with mental illness in different ages. 

    Aim: The aim of this literature study was to describe and compile nurses' experiences of caring for patients with self-injurious behavior. 

    Method: A descriptive literature study made up of ten scientific articles.

    Main results: Nurses in the care of patients with self-injurious behavior described experiences of relationship-building care, the importance of specific knowledge, empathy and professional distance, and the support from colleagues. 

    Conclusion: The results of the literature study showed that several different components were important, these were; relationship-building care, lack of time and staff, the support of colleagues, the importance of specific knowledge as well as empathy and professional distance. These components form the basis for the nurse, to the best of her ability, to care for patients with self-injurious behavior in an adequate way of working. 

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  • 6.
    Al- Barghouthi, Luma
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Sager, Sarah
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Stigmatisering av individer med schizofreni utanför vården: En deskriptiv litteraturstudie2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Schizophrenia is a psychosis mental illness which the cognitive functions are somehow impaired. This sickness is still surrounded by prejudice, fear and ignorance.Aim: The aim of this descriptive literature study was to describe the experiences of stigma outside the hospital for people with schizophrenia.Method: This literature study was based on 10 scientific articles searched in the databases Medline via PubMed and PsykINFO.Main results: The articles in this literature study showed that stigma was experienced among patients with schizophrenia in their encounter with people outside of care. Patients are faced with discrimination and violence both from family members and others. Stigmatization also exists in the media. The results also showed that stigma had a great impact on the participants' self-esteem and affected their perception of the disease.Conclusion: The results of this literature study show that patients with schizophrenia face stigma and discrimination in society. This has mainly been shown to be due to ignorance about the disease. In the work to reduce stigma, more people should stand up and support those patients. More knowledge about stigma is needed in this subject.

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  • 7.
    Al- Suhaili, Enaas
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Qasem, Nujud
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Egenvård vid diabetesfot och fotsår hos patienter med diabetes mellitus: En litteraturstudie2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Diabetes mellitus ( DM) is a serious threat to comprehensive health and diabetes- related foot ulcers (DFU) is one of the frequent complications of DM. High blood sugar levels and uncontrolled diabetes over an extended period can lead to never damage and poor blood flow in the feet resulting in numbness in the feet, which can make patients unaware of their foot injury. This increases the risk of people with diabetes developing foot ulcers and infections, which can lead to amputation of the diabetes-related foot if not treated early. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe the patients' experiences of self-care in diabetic foot and diabetes-related foot ulcers. Method: Descriptive literature study where 14 scientific articles were processed and reviewed using a qualitative method. Results: The literature study resulted in two main themes: Barriers that prevent the application of self-care and enabling factors that support the application of self-care. In addition, eight sub-themes were compiled. Conclusion: There are several possible factors for diabetes-related foot ulcers heal, the most important of which are education and training, self-care skills, and continuity of care. In addition, nurses and counselors can help promote patients' health, independence, and well-being by increasing their knowledge of self-care and understanding the psychosocial impact of self-care on patients. Extensive knowledge of self-care experiences of people with diabetes-related foot ulcers can be used as a tool for nurses in their professional life.

     

      

     

      

     

     Keywords: Diabetic foot, diabetes mellitus, experiences, self-care.

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  • 8.
    Al-Barghouthi, Reem
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Holtz, Sando
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Föräldrars erfarenheter av att leva med ett barn med en cancersjukdom: En beskrivande litteraturstudie2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Each year 370 children in Sweden suffer from childhood cancer. These numbers also reflect those 70 families that suffer alongside the child from this burdened information that will change their entire life situation. To work with family-centeredcare means that the parents are given room for participation and to engage in the child’s care.

    Aim: The aim of this literature study is to describe parents´ experiences with living with a child with cancer.

    Method: A literature study with a descriptive design, based on 12 scientific articles. The literature research was conducted using the Pubmed database.

    Results: The results consisted of two main categories: Life is turned upside down and The new “normal” which had the following subcategories: Initial reaction, Changed family dynamics and everyday life, Support, Acceptance and From the hospital to the home.

    Conclusion: Parents´ experienced a variety of emotions such as shock, sadness, denialand powerlessness. Support in its various forms from healthcare and the surrounding environment eased the suffering that the parents experienced and enabled them to cope with the difficult period they were going through.

    Keywords: Neoplasm, Parents’ experience, pediatric cancer, support

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  • 9.
    Albokake, Suad
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Stenberg, Kevin
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med Covid-19 på sjukhus: En beskrivande litteraturstudie2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The corona pandemic is a high topic in today's society and nurses have gained experience in caring for patients with Covid-19 worldwide. Over 4,800,000 people have died in Covid-19 and research shows that only seven percent of 150 wards had a budget for isolation and quarantine and that nurses during previous viral outbreak experienced hopelessness and loneliness while performing demanding work in protective equipment that was difficult to work in. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe nurses' experiences of caring for patients with Covid-19 at hospitals. Method:A descriptive literature study that consisted of 13 empirical studies with qualitative approaches. Database searching was performed in the PubMed database through searches related to the topic. In the review of selected studies, two main categories, nine subcategories followed by five subcategories could be presented. Main result: Negative experiences such as not feeling at mindpeace were something nurses experienced at the same time as they suffered from fatigue and burnout. Participants had experience of not feeling appreciated. Protective equipment was challenging to wear for the nurses, through the use of these and also lack of materials and that it caused ethical dilemmas for the concerned participants. The nurses found not only positive experiences such as pridefulness and teamwork, but also professional growth. Social support and own strategies formed the basis for overcoming the challenges of nurses. Conclusion:Knowledge of nurses' experiences are important as these provide an understanding of nurses' work and challenges in the care of patients with Covid-19. The same knowledge provides opportunities for work improvement that benefits nurses in their work to contribute to better care for the individual.

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    Sjukskoterskors_erfarenheter_av_att_varda_patienter_med_Covid19_pa_sjukhus
  • 10.
    Al-Dihaysee, Mary
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Hussaini, Khaleda
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskors upplevelser och attityder i bemötandet av patienter med psykisk ohälsa inom primärvården: En beskrivande litteraturstudie2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    Background: Mental illness is defined as a collective term for various mental conditions, ranging from anxiety, depression, insomnia, stomach pain, and headaches to fatigue syndrome, depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, and psychosis. Mental illness will account for the largest disease burden in the world as early as 2030. Every second Swede will experience mental illness at some point in their lives. Mental illness has thus increased globally and nationally in recent years and patients with mental illness continue to increase. Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe nurses' experiences and attitudes toward encountering patients with mental illness in primary care. Method: A literature study with a descriptive design was based on fifteen scientific articles of qualitative and quantitative approaches. The databases used in the searches for the included articles were Cinahl and PubMed via Medline. Results: The present literature study resulted in two main themes and three sub-themes in which nurses' experiences and attitudes of encountering patients with mental illness in primary care were described. The first theme is barriers to helping patients with mental illness, that consist of a lack of knowledge about mental illness and insufficient resources. The second theme is attitudes towards patients, which consists of nurses' attitudes towards patients with mental illness. Conclusion: This literature study showed that nurses in primary care experienced difficulties in dealing with patients with mental illness due to a lack of knowledge. Lack of knowledge gave negative and stigmatizing attitudes towards this patient group and contributed to patients not receiving the care they needed. However, the present literature study showed that nurses also had positive attitudes towards these patients.

     

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  • 11.
    Alftberg, Amanda
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Pettersson, Jenny
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att bemöta oroliga patienter på en akutmottagning2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Akutsjukvården är en viktig del inom sjukvårdens verksamheter där sjuksköterskor uppgift är att registrera vad patienterna söker vård för. Sjuksköterskor har en avgörande roll kring överlevnad och behandling hos patienter med akuta tillstånd. Akutmottagningens miljö är oförutsägbar vilket ställer höga krav, färdigheter och kunskaper inom olika områden. För patienter som besöker en akutmottagning kan olika känslor väckas som oro eller rädsla då miljön kan upplevas otäck eller obehaglig.  Syfte: Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att bemöta oroliga patienter på en akutmottagning. Metod: Studiens design är en deskriptiv design och resultatet är uppbyggt på 11 vetenskapliga artiklar som söktes fram via databasen PubMed. Huvudresultat: Resultatet i studien visade att utbildning är viktigt vid mottagande, bemötande och behandling kring olika trauman. Sjuksköterskorna bör i sin roll vara lyhörd, icke dömande samt visa intresse i patienternas problematik. Sjuksköterskornas arbete underlättades när patientens anhöriga involverades i vården och såg dem som ett stöd för patienterna. Sjuksköterskorna belyste vikten av information och kommunikation i bemötandet av oroliga patienter. Lagarbete var en förutsättning för att ge patienterna en god patientsäker vård, när lagarbetet inte fungerade optimalt sågs det påverka patienternas välbefinnande. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskorna ansåg att information både muntlig och skriftlig var en av de viktigaste delarna när de bemötte oroliga patienter. Samarbete visade sig vara en förutsättning för att tillgodose patienternas behov. Involvera de anhöriga i vården kunde vara ett stöd för sjuksköterskorna och ett stöd för patienten under vårdtiden. Tid, kunskap och utbildning saknades för att kunna tillgodose patienters emotionella behov.

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  • 12.
    Ali Muhumed Hashi, Nimo
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Gacal, Idil
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Kvinnors upplevelser av avancerad bröstcancer: En litteraturstudie2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among women around the world, which can be painful and cause suffering. Living with advanced breast cancer means that the life expectancy is shortened as the disease progresses. The nurse's responsibility is to provide good care, support, and advice. For the women to be able to process the disease and get their potential questions answered.

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    Idil och Nimo- Examensarbete
  • 13.
    Al-Kayed, Basel
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Larsson, Peter
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Personers upplevelser av egenvård vid diabetes mellitus typ 2: En beskrivande litteraturstudie2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Förekomsten av diabetes mellitus typ 2 ökar globalt. DMT2 har olika riskfaktorer som kan leda till sjukdomen såsom övervikt, rökning och ärftlighet. En viktig del av behandlingen vid DMT2 är egenvårdsåtgärder och dessa är de hälso- och sjukvårdsåtgärder som personer kan utföra själv hemma eller med hjälp av en anhörig eller en personlig assistent.

    Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva personers upplevelser av egenvård vid diabetes mellitus typ 2.

    Metod: En beskrivande litteraturstudie som innefattade 15 artiklar med kvalitativ ansats. Databassökningen utfördes i databaserna CINAHL och PubMed.

    Huvudresultat: Vårdpersonalen var en nyckelsten till upplevelsen av egenvården då deras inflytande skapade grunden för en fungerande egenvård. Digitala hjälpmedel kunde ha en positiv inverkan på upplevelsen av egenvården då den ökar tillgängligheten till information och vårdpersonal. Livsstilsförändring vid DMT2 kunde bidra till en upplevelse av isolering och hjälplöshet i sjukdomen. Familjen kunde agera som ett stöd och ett hinder i egenvården. Egenvården upplevdes som ett hinder till att delta i sociala sammanhang. Begränsningar i egenvårdskvalitén kunde orsakas av socioekonomiska aspekter.

    Slutsats: Professionella stödinsatser ansågs inverka på upplevelsen av egenvården. Diabetesanpassad kost kunde orsaka sociala hinder och försämra livskvalitén. Självtester av blodsocker samt fysisk aktivitet motiverade till fortsatt egenvård. Resultatet av litteraturstudien kan användas för att vårdpersonal ska få en ökad förståelse av personers upplevelser av egenvård.

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  • 14.
    Allamand Moraga, Daniel
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Öhman Ekman, Ester
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Effekten av interventioner som används vid venpunktion på barn: En beskrivande litteraturstudie2023Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Care- and hospital environment are often an unknown environment for children where lack of knowledge together with social and physical expectations can cause uncertainty and fear. Children can react differently to medical procedures but almost everyone experience worry and fear in connection with phlebotomy. Aim: To describe the effects of interventions used on children undergoing phlebotomy. Method: A descriptive literature review with a quantitative design based on twelve articles searched through the database PubMed. Study group were children between four and twelve years old. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data. Main result: Active distraction methods such as balloon blowing, cough methods and ball squeezing significantly reduced pain and fear. TICK-B significantly reduced pain and anxiety. Flippits significantly reduced pain. Bubble blowing showed no significant effect on pain but significantly reduced fear. VR reduced pain, fear and anxiety significantly. When it comes to passive distraction methods Buzzy significantly reduced pain and fear. Aromatherapy did not have a significant effect on pain and fear. Kaleidoscope and watching cartoons through VR significantly reduced pain and anxiety while watching cartoons on a tablet did not have a significant effect. Acupressure reduced pain significantly but didn’t have an effect on anxiety. The pharmacological Jet Lidocaine did not have a significant effect on pain or fear. Conclusion: There are several different interventions, both passive and active distraction methods, that reduce pain, fear and anxiety in children undergoing venipuncture. Based on the result nurses can, no matter their workplace, get a better understanding on how the children’s phlebotomy experience can improve. The interventions were easy to use, cost effective and didn’t give any side effects and should therefore be used by nurses to create a better care experience for children. 

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  • 15.
    Alsabti, Mari
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Jackson, Line
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Examensarbete: Sjuksköterskors uppleverser av arbetsrelaterad stress på akutmottagningar2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Arbetsrelaterad stress bland sjuksköterskor på akutmottagningar är vanligtförekommande och är ett kvarstående problem inom hälso- och sjukvården. Hälso- ochsjukvården är en arbetsmiljö där det är hög arbetsstress som på långt sikt kan leda tillfysiska problem och sjukskrivningar. Akutmottagningar är en arbetsplats som ärbemannad dygnet runt med komplex omvårdnad och där snabba beslut sker.Syfte: Litteraturstudiens syfte är att beskriva sjuksköterskors upplevelser avarbetsrelaterad stress på akutmottagningar.

    Metod: En deskriptiv litteraturstudie med tematisk analysmetod. Analyserades medrelevans och kvalitets mall för kvalitativa och kvantitativa ansats artiklar.

    Huvudresultat: Sjuksköterskornas upplevelser av den arbetsrelaterade stressen påakutmottagningar gav både psykiska och fysiska konsekvenser. Det som upplevdes somkonsekvenser var hög puls, muskelsmärta, huvudvärk, oro och rädsla för våld.Det som upplevdes som triggande stressfaktorer för sjuksköterskorna var högarbetsbelastning, hot och våld, högt tryck och stor patient mängd.

    Slutsats: Arbetsrelaterad stress på akutmottagningar är ett kvarstående problem blandsjuksköterskor som behöver arbetas med för att minskas.För att hantera arbetsrelaterad stress på akutmottagningar är det viktigt attsjuksköterskorna får förståelse kring hantering av arbetsrelaterad stress. Sämrevälmående och negativa känslor kan utvecklas vid arbetsrelaterad stress detta kan skapaen otrygg miljö för patienterna.

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  • 16.
    Amin, Cellesté
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sahindal, Suna
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskans Upplevelser Av Att Vårda Patienter Med Covid-192022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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    Sjuksköterskans upplevelser av att vårda patienter med Covid-19
  • 17.
    Andersson, Cathrina
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Nyström, Linn
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Fotsår hos patienter med diabetes: Sjuksköterskors preventionsstrategier för att reducera utvecklingen av fotsår hos patienter med diabetes-En litteraturstudie2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    Background: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a global threat to people with diabetes due tothe complications that can arise as a result of diabetes. Neuropathy is a common secondary result of diabetes which carries the risk of DFU. Neuropathy causes decreased sensation in the lower legs and feet which can cause the patient not to feel objects in the shoes rubbing and pressing against the feet which can cause DFU. Aim:The purpose of the literature study was to describe nurses' prevention strategies for reducing the development of foot ulcers in patients with diabetes. Method: This study was conducted as a descriptive literature study based on 12 scientific articles consisting of four qualitative and eight quantitative articles. Main results: The results showed that nurses are in need of increased knowledge through wound care training after thebachelor's degree. It appears that the nurses 'knowledge has a major role in the treatmentof DFU, of which the patients' self-care ability is highlighted in order to jointly find theright strategies for each patient in their DFU treatment. Conclusion: Advanced knowledge of prevention strategies to reduce the development of DFU in patients with diabetes could benefit both patients, nurses and Swedish health care. The knowledge of prevention strategies among nurses in the work of DFU varied in health care activitiesworldwide. There are several strategies to continue working with as a nurse in the prevention of DFU. Two important aspects in prevention strategies are increased training for undergraduate nurses in wound care at DFU. Patient education in self-care in the prevention of complications of DFU is an important strategy in the nurse'sprofessional role in order to be able to contribute with good conditions and health promoting care.

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  • 18.
    Andersson, Emilia
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Kjetselberg, Madelene
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Anestesisjuksköterskors upplevelser av sin första tid på en operationsavdelning: En empirisk studie2020Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background:

    To be a Nurse Anesthetist is advanced and involves high demands for competence and independence. Research has shown that newly graduated nurse anesthetists experience stress and insecurity in their new profession.

    Aim:

    The study was aimed to describe how newly graduated nurse anesthetists experience their first time at a surgical ward.

    Method:

    Descriptive design with qualitative approach. A total of ten nurse anesthetists from two middle-sized and one small hospital in Sweden were included in the study. Purposive sampling has been used. The data were collected by semi-structured interviews with help from an interview guide. The data have been analyzed with a qualitative content analysis.

    Findings:

    The nurse anesthetist’s descriptions in the interviews were sorted in to four main categories and ten subcategories. The main categories were; The new profession, Personal development, Experience, and Organizational elements. The subcategories were: Newly graduated nurse anesthetist’s, To have responsibility, Performance anxiety, Belief in own ability, Job satisfaction, To progress, Lack of experience, Experience creates security, Lack of support from the organization and Support from the organization.

    The nurse anesthetists describe their first period at the surgical ward as demanding but also interesting and stimulating. New assignments and the large responsibility were described as burdensome at first. The lack of experience was at times hard to deal with but the support from the organization increased their feelings of security. In the study, nurse anesthetists’ wanted more support in the form of mentorship and coaching, as lack of support increased their feelings of insecurity and loneliness.

    Conclusion:

    The study describes how newly graduated nurse anesthetists’ experience feelings of stress and loneliness during their first period in a surgical ward. Lack of experience was demanding at first but with support from colleagues their feelings of security increased. The results show that newly graduated nurse anesthetists’ wanted more support in the form of mentorship and coaching. The study provides a deeper

    understanding of how newly graduated nurse anesthetists’ experience their first period in a surgical ward.

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  • 19.
    Andersson, Erika
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Desurmont, Anna
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    En beskrivande litteraturstudie om patienters erfarenheter kring sexuellt samliv vid hjärtsjukdom2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Ungefär två miljoner människor i Sverige är drabbade utav en hjärtsjukdom, vilket innebär att det är den vanligaste orsaken att dö av. Hjärtsjukdomar kan vara hjärtinfarkt, hjärtklaffssjukdom, hjärtrytmrubbningar, hjärtsvikt, hjärtstopp och kärlkramp. När en människa drabbas av en hjärtsjukdom är det av vikt att se till hela människans behov och inte enbart de medicinska delarna. Sexualiteten påverkar våra tankar, känslor, handlingar och mottagande, därmed vår psykiska och fysiska hälsa och är idag enligt forskning ett område patienter och sjuksköterskor undviker av olika skäl. Det är då relevant att öka kunskapen om hur patienter upplever sitt sexuella samliv vid hjärtsjukdom för att förbättra omvårdnaden kring den. Syfte: Att beskriva patienters erfarenheter av sitt sexuella samliv vid hjärtsjukdom. Metod: Beskrivande litteraturstudie, artikelsökning skedde i Medline via PubMed och Cinhal, vilket resulterade i elva artiklar, varav fyra kvalitativa och sju kvantitativa. Huvudresultat: Patienter som drabbades av en hjärtsjukdom kände oro och/eller rädsla inför sitt sexuella samliv, en rädsla för att få ytterligare en hjärtinfarkt eller att känna symtom som hjärtklappning och smärta i bröstet. Det framkom att patienterna erfarande en brist av information från sjuksköterskor och uttryckte att det fanns ett behov av information kring sexuell hälsa. Slutsats: Det sexuella samlivet påverkades, psykiskt och fysiskt, emotionellt och själsligt. En oro och rädsla upplevdes i samband med fysiska symtom. Patienters sätt att hantera det sexuella samlivet vid hjärtsjukdomen skiljdes åt och bristfällig information från sjuksköterskor upplevdes betydligt samt ett ökat behov av information.

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  • 20.
    Andersson, Erika
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Wikholm, Camilla
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Äldres upplevelser av ensamhet: en litteraturstudie2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Loneliness is a growing problem in society and especially among the elderly population. Loneliness is symbolized as an experience and can be a voluntary orinvoluntary choice. Previous research has shown that involuntary loneliness can have negative health effects. Aim: To describe elderly peoples experiences of loneliness.Method: A literature study with descriptive design. The results are based on 12scientific articles with a qualitative approach. The articles were searched in the Medline database via PubMed. Main Result: The elderly descibed the experience of lonelinessfrom different perspectives. Loneliness was mainly described as something negative, but there were also positive experiences. The elderly portrayed the negative experiences as painful and isolating while the positive experiences were partly associated withfreedom. Conclusion: Some elderly think that loneliness is one of the worst things there is, while some don´t suffer from it at all or even see it as something positive. The nurse has an important role in paying attention to and reducing the negative experiences that the elderly may feel. By supporting the elderly in their life situation, the nurse can relieve suffering and contribute to the elderly`s maintained health and thereby reduce possible negative health effects caused by the perceived loneliness. 

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  • 21.
    Andersson, Felicia
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Fridlund, Emma
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    En krympt värld: Patienters upplevelser av isoleringsvård2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Patient isolation is a common form of care in somatic inpatient care that is applied to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. Isolated patients are cared for in a single ward and may not stay in common areas. Special precautions and hygiene routines are also applied to minimize the spread of infection. The environment has a direct impact on patients recovery and length of stay. Nurses have testified to a poorer quality of care for isolated patients due to the healthcare staff's shortcomings in knowledge about and fear of infectious diseases. Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe patients experiences of patient isolation in somatic inpatient care. Method: A descriptive literature review with a thematic data analysis method. The result is based on twelve scientific articles with qualitative, quantitative and mixed-method approaches. Result: Isolation care resulted in both positive and negative experiences among patients. A major finding was that patients felt trapped and controlled due to the restrictions. The lack of information and poor treatment from the staff made the hospital stay stressful and contributed to difficult feelings. The environment in the single room and the possibility for activity were important factors for recovery and the overall experience of the care. Conclusion: Isolation care leads to strong feelings of loneliness and suffering, this could be prevented by a good attitude and information from the nurse as well as a homely environment with something to distract oneself with. This literature study can inspire nurses in their work to improve the quality of care for isolated patients.

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  • 22.
    Andersson, Gabriella
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Distriktssköterskors erfarenheter av att möta och vårda patienter med psykisk ohälsa2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Sjuttio procent av alla patienter med psykisk ohälsa, som till exempel depression och ångestsyndrom får hjälp för sina besvär genom primärvården. Personer som drabbats av psykisk ohälsa ska handläggas och utredas i tid för att förhindra en försämrad funktionsförmåga, långvariga sjukdomstillstånd och återinsjuknande. Detta också för att minska risken för suicid. Enligt tidigare forskning sett ur ett patientperspektiv kan man se att det finns flera hinder för en god vård.

    Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva distriktssköterskors erfarenheter av att möta och vårda patienter med psykisk ohälsa.

    Metod: Kvalitativ metod med deskriptiv design användes. Semistrukturerade intervjuer utfördes med sju distriktssköterskor som arbetat i primärvård i mer än ett år. Det insamlade materialet bearbetades utifrån kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

    Huvudresultat: Ur dataanalysen framkom tre kategorier och tio underkategorier. Resultatet visade att samtalet med patienter med psykiska ohälsa bör genomsyras av ett aktivt lyssnande, kommunikation och vägledning. Distriktssköterskorna beskrev olika utmaningar i mötet med patienter med psykisk ohälsa samt att samarbete med andra professioner var viktigt för att kunna hjälpa patienten.

    Slutsats: Studien visade att distriktssköterskors erfarenheter av att samtala med patienter med psykisk ohälsa är komplext. Att lyssna, vägleda och kommunicera är viktigt för att distriktssköterskan ska kunna ge en god vård och få patienten att känna sig trygg. Distriktssköterskorna kunde stöta på hinder i mötet med dessa patienter där tidsbrist var en påverkande faktor. Studien visade att distriktssköterskan tog hjälp av andra professioner för rådgivning och handledning av denna patientgrupp.

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  • 23.
    Andersson, Jessica
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Kanjou Abdallah, Sara
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskors och distriktsköterskors erfarenheter av att arbeta med rådgivning via telefon och e-hälsa: En systematiskt genomförd litteraturstudie2022Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Ett av sjuksköterskans och distriktssköterskans ansvarsområde är att fatta beslut som ger individer möjlighet till att förbättra, bibehålla eller återfå sin hälsa. Sjukvårdsrådgivning är en del av sjuksköterskans och distriktssköterskans arbete och utförs både via telefon och inom e-hälsa. E-hälsa innebär att använda digitala verktyg för att uppnå och bibehålla hälsa. Tydlig och korrekt kommunikation är viktigt för att uppnå en säker hälso- och sjukvård. Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva sjuksköterskors och distriktssköterskors erfarenheter av att arbeta med rådgivning via telefon och e-hälsa.Metod: Systematiskt genomförd litteraturstudie med kvalitativ syntes. Totalt inkluderades 15 artiklar. Huvudresultat: Tre övergripande kategorier framkom: Sjuksköterskornas upplevda arbetssituation, Sjuksköterskornas erfarenhet av kommunikation och Sjuksköterskornas stöd och behov för arbetet. Arbetet präglades av ökad arbetsbelastning, tidsbrist, känslor av stress och oro. Olika strategier och hinder i kommunikationen med vårdsökande framkom som avgörande för interaktionen. Resultatet belyser också sjuksköterskans och distriktssköterskans behov av stöd i olika former samt reflektion med kollegor. Slutsats: Rådgivning via telefon och e-hälsa har visat sig frambringa olika slags känslor. Allt från ökad arbetsbelastning med upplevelser av stress, oro och tidsbrist till att sträva efter en felfri interaktion genom god kommunikation med vårdsökande. Stöd och feedback från verksamheten var uppskattat samtidigt som kontinuerlig utbildning och utveckling inom rådgivning var önskat. Denna studies resultat kan bidra till att sjuksköterskornas och distriktsköterskornas arbetssituation uppmärksammas, vilket i sig kan leda till en förändring och förbättring av arbetsmiljön samt arbetstillfredsställelse

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  • 24.
    Andersson, Josefin
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Back, Marina
    Specialistsjuksköterskans upplevda utmaningar vid intrahospitala akutlarm: En empirisk studie med kvalitativ ansats2023Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: As a nurse specialist in anesthesia and intensive care, a part of the work is to assist the emergency alarms within the hospital. Participating in an emergency alarm team means for the nurse specialist, having to move from the safe sphere of the regular workplace This means that they are faced with new challenges that can affect the experience of participating in the emergency team. Internationally, research in the field was scarce and no studies focusing on intra-hospital emergency alarms were found in Sweden. Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe the specialist nurse's perceived challenges in participating before, during and after intra-hospital emergency alarms. Method: In this study, a qualitative approach with a descriptive design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five anesthesia nurses and five intensive care nurses. The analysis was carried out with inductive qualitative content analysis. Findings: Four categories emerged in the analysis process; Organizational challenges; Challenges in the work environment; Challenges in the team as well as Emotional and mental challenges. The nurse specialists experienced challenges with the anesthesiologist's on-call routines, which meant delayed intubation on occasions where there was a need. Practical challenges with a lot of equipment to be transported to the emergency call were described by the participants. On site at the emergency call, the cooperation between the emergency alarm team and department staff was perceived as a challenge. There was a feeling of high expectations among the nurse specialists. Conclusion: The nurse specialists experienced the emergency alarm as a work task with many challenges. High expectations, great responsibility for patient safety and cooperation were described in the participants' perceived challenges. Together with continued research, the results of the study could lead to improvement measures and business development for the healthcare staff who participate in intra-hospital emergency alarms.

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  • 25.
    Andersson, Lisa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Tekniska hjälpmedel inom demensvården: En beskrivande litteraturstudie om sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av tekniska hjälpmedel inom demensvården2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The diagnosis dementia exists all over the world and the occurrence is expected to rise in the future, as the life span increases. Dementia is a diagnosis that includes different symptoms. Symptoms occurrences is associated with diseases or damages in different parts of the brain and the affected can experience difficulties with handling their existence. Some of the symptoms of dementia can be forgetfulness, difficulties with physics and motor skills, difficulties in finding their way, restlessness and irritability. Nurses shall be able to work alone or with others to assess, diagnose, plan, implement and evaluate the nursing work. The development of technology in health care settings introduces nurses to new demands and tasks. Aim: The aim of the literature study was to describe nurses’ experiences with assistive technology when caring for people with dementia. Method: Descriptive literature study using qualitative articles. A total of 11 articles was included. The database MEDLINE through PubMed was used when searching for articles. Main results: Nurses experiences with assistive technology was both positive and negative. It was crucial that all the professions were working together with routines for the implementation and application of assistive technology. Knowledge of the technology and a person-centered approach was a key-point in the work with assistive technology. The nurses experiences showed that the ethics was an important subject to consider when talking about and using the technology. Conclusion: Routines, teamwork, knowledge and education is the foundation of quality assured care with assistive technology. The technical development is constantly moving forward and technology in health care is something every nurse is eventually going to face. That is why it is important to take care of the existing experiences so that the nursing profession and work can grow alongside the technology.

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  • 26.
    Andersson, Matilda
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sundberg, Frida
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av arbetsrelaterad stress2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Occupational stress is a global health problem that exists within the nurse profession as well as within many other occupations. Individuals who suffer continuous activation of the body’s stress response are subjected to an increased risk of physical and mental disease and - in the long term perspective - increased risk of an early death. When it comes to the nurse occupation, it isn’t just the nurse who is affected by occupational stress. Research has shown, for example, that there is a correlation between high workload for nurses and a lower patient safety. In this context Antonovsky’s theory about sense of coherence is useful as it has been known to increase a person's resilience towards stress. Aim: The aim of this literature review was to describe nurses experiences of occupational stress. Method: A literature review with a descriptive design. Twelve scientific articles were included in total. Eight articles had a qualitative approach and four had a quantitative approach. The articles were searched for in the databases CINAHL and Medline via PubMed. Main findings: Nurses experienced that occupational stress was a common phenomenon. High workload was the most prominent aspect of stress experienced by nurses, one that reappeared in all the included studies. Stressors caused by organizational structure, for example imbalance in nurse/patient ratio, caused nurses to feel stressed. Emotionally and morally burdensome care situations contributed to nurses experiences of compassion fatigue and moral distress. Unsatisfying relations to doctors, patients and other nurses was a job stress perceived by nurses. Conclusion: Nurses experience many types of occupational stress. Occupational stress is a problem for nurses globally and nurses face challenges with upkeeping the quality of care and patient safety thereby. There is a need to reprioritize the distribution of resources in the public community in order to ensure nurses’ wellbeing and intent to stay within the profession – which lies in the interest of the society.

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  • 27.
    Andersson, Nadine
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Arnesson, Ida
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskors upplevelser av att möta närstående till plötsligt avlidna patienter: En beskrivande litteraturstudie2023Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: 92 085 people registered in Sweden died in the year 2021. The term sudden death means death that occurs without warning which leads to inner pain, shock and grief in relatives. Relatives state that the environment and the care from nurses is important related to optimal safeness and processing of grief. The nurse's role is to respond to suffering, be considerate and have good communicative ability. Aim: The aim was to describe nurse’s experiences of meeting relatives of suddenly deceased patients. Method: A descriptive literature review where 12 original qualitative studies were included. Results: Nurses experienced their own and relatives' emotional reactions stronger in sudden deaths compared to expected deaths. Meetings with relatives and fear of their reactions were perceived by nurses as challenging, also experiences of uncertainty regarding their own competence, treatment and showing their own feelings. Nurses felt compassion related to the efforts of creating a calmer environment for relatives. By offering efforts to enable calmer environment for relatives, nurses’experiences increased compassion. Conclusion: Witnessing sudden death and griefreactions in relatives was perceived as challenging and the importance of communication was highlighted. Experiences of fear about the treatment of relatives after sudden death arose as the nurses didn´t know what kind of reaction to expect. If the nurse had previous experience of sudden death, the meeting with relatives was perceived as less difficult to handle, the experience contributed to the facilitation of both the relatives and their own handling of emotions.

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  • 28.
    Andersson, Nathalie
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Lundstedt, Carita
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Att beskriva personers erfarenheter av elektrokonvulsiv behandling2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 29.
    Andersson, Sandra
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Nilsson, Kristina
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Distriktssköterskors upplevelser av att vårda patienter i palliativt skede inom kommunal hemsjukvård2019Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Palliative care means that the care is soothing and not curative, where the focus is on promoting quality of life, right into death. Palliative care varies in Sweden. Palliative care is a major area of ​​responsibility for district nurses employed in municipal home care.

    Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe district nurses’ experiences of caring for patients in palliative stages in municipal home care.

    Method: The study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews, ten district nurses from municipal home care with experience of home-based palliative care participated. The material was analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

    Results: The district nurses described that they experienced the work with palliative care as challenging, but also as positive and satisfactory. Being able to make a difference, having involved relatives and a specialized palliative team was stated as the biggest benefits in palliative care. The difficulties were the lack of co-operation, or if the patients’ relatives were not aware of the situation. The district nurses stated that they were satisfied with their way of dealing with their feelings and that most of them sought support from their colleagues in the first place. Often, more difficult emotions occurred when it came to the care of younger patients, or when children were involved.

    Conclusion: The district nurses in this study experienced the work with patients in palliative stages as challenging, developing and emotional, but it was very rewarding. Difficulties that were highlighted were, above all, a lack of co-operation and a more difficult emotional management when it came to caring for younger patients, or when children were involved. The study can lead to an increased understanding for different healthcare providers who come into contact with patients in palliative stages and it highlights the need for collaboration to be able to get improved patient care.

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  • 30.
    Andersson, Sofie
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Hedström, Sara
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Nyexaminerade sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av palliativ vård i kommunal hemsjukvård2021Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Palliativ vård handlar om att vårda patienter när botande behandling inte längre är möjligt och att främja en god livskvalité den tid som är kvar. Detta görs i allt större utsträckning i den kommunala hemsjukvården då fler patienter väljer att bo kvar hemma även när de är dåliga. Detta ställer stora krav på de sjuksköterskor som jobbar i hemsjukvården.

    Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva nyexaminerade sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av palliativ vård i kommunal hemsjukvård.

    Metod: Studien hade en kvalitativ ansats med beskrivande design. Tio nyexaminerade sjuksköterskor i hemsjukvården i en region i Mellansverige intervjuades utifrån en intervjuguide. Materialet analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

    Huvudresultat: I studien framkom att sjuksköterskorna tyckte det kändes meningsfullt att vårda palliativa patienter, det var en patientgrupp som prioriterades i hemsjukvården. Det framkom även att det var en utmanande uppgift med en del svårigheter som sjuksköterskorna ställdes inför. Det handlade om svårigheter med patientens och anhörigas insikt i sjukdomen, svåra frågor och svårigheter i arbetsmiljön. Det framkom även att det behövdes ett bra stöd, framför allt från kollegor för att man skulle klara av arbetet. Flera sjuksköterskor i studien upplevde brister i grundutbildningen. Detta bidrog till att de kände att de inte hade så mycket kunskap om palliativ vård när de började arbeta.

    Slutsats: Erfarenheten var att det var tufft att vårda palliativa patienter när man hade begränsad erfarenhet och kunskap. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde samtidigt att det gick om man hade möjlighet att få råd och stöttning av erfarna kollegor. Möjligheten till stöd ökar om man får personal att arbeta kvar i hemsjukvården och därigenom får en stabil och erfaren arbetsgrupp som kan stötta de nya sjuksköterskorna.

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    Sjusköterskors erfarenheter av palliativ vård i kommunal hemsjukvård
  • 31.
    Anderzon, Linnéa
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Norling, Sara
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Patienters upplevelser av vårdpersonalens bemötande vid långvarig smärta.: En beskrivande litteraturstudie.2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Den vanligaste orsaken till kontakt med hälso- och sjukvården är smärta. När något i kroppen är fel kan smärta uppstå som ett symtom, om smärtan är kvar längre än tre månader kallas den långvarig smärta. Cirka 50 procent av vuxna patienter som söker vård lider av smärta, varav 40 procent haft smärta längre än tre månader. Långvarig smärta kan orsakas av olika sjukdomstillstånd, dock lider många patienter av daglig smärta utan känd orsak. Vid vårdandet av patienter med smärta krävs det att vårdpersonalen är uppmärksam och tror på patientens smärtupplevelse. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva patienters upplevelser av vårdpersonalens bemötande vid långvarig smärta. Metod: En beskrivande litteraturstudie som innefattade elva artiklar med kvalitativ och mixad ansats. Databasen MEDLINE via PubMed användes för att söka fram artiklarna. En tematisk metod användes för att analysera artiklarna. Huvudresultat: Fem teman redogjordes i resultatet som sammanfattar patienternas positiva och negativa upplevelser av vårdpersonalens bemötande. Temana var Att bli lyssnad på, Att bli trodd, Respekt, Delaktighet samt Stöd och kommunikation. Slutsats: Denna studie visade att patienterna upplevde vårdpersonalens bemötande både positivt och negativt. Det framkom att när vårdpersonalen involverade patienterna, visade intresse och lyssnade på dem var de nöjda med bemötandet. Utifrån detta kan vårdpersonal i klinisk praxis få en ökad förståelse i hur patienter med långvarig smärta vill bli bemötta.

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    Långvarig smärta
  • 32.
    Andreassen Devik, Siri
    et al.
    Centre for Care Research Mid-Norway, Norway; Nord University, Norway.
    Enmarker, Ingela
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Hellzén, Ove
    Mid Sweden University, Sweden.
    Nurses’ experiences of compassion when giving palliative care at home2020In: Nursing Ethics, ISSN 0969-7330, E-ISSN 1477-0989, Vol. 27, no 1, p. 194-205Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Compassion is seen as a core professional value in nursing and as essential in the effort of relieving suffering and promoting well-being in palliative care patients. Despite the advances in modern healthcare systems, there is a growing clinical and scientific concern that the value of compassion in palliative care is being less emphasised.

    Objective: This study aimed to explore nurses’ experiences of compassion when caring for palliative patients in home nursing care. Design and participants: A secondary qualitative analysis inspired by hermeneutic circling was performed on narrative interviews with 10 registered nurses recruited from municipal home nursing care facilities in Mid-Norway. Ethical considerations: The Norwegian Social Science Data Services granted permission for the study (No. 34299) and the re-use of the data.

    Findings: The compassionate experience was illuminated by one overarching theme: valuing caring interactions as positive, negative or neutral, which entailed three themes: (1) perceiving the patient’s plea, (2) interpreting feelings and (3) reasoning about accountability and action, with subsequent subthemes.

    Discussion: In contrast to most studies on compassion, our results highlight that a lack of compassion entails experiences of both negative and neutral content.

    Conclusion: The phenomenon of neutral caring interactions and lack of compassion demands further explorations from both a patient – and a nurse perspective. 

  • 33.
    Andreou, Anette
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Hornéy, Sofia
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Effekten av opioidfri anestesi på PONV och postoperativ smärta hos patienter som genomgår operation under generell anestesi2021Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    BakgrundPostoperativt illamående (PONV) och smärta är vanligt förekommande efter operation igenerell anestesi. Sedan en lång tid tillbaka används opioider i samband med anestesi och kirurgiska ingrepp som smärtlindring. Detta trots att opioider har många biverkningar, som kan orsaka lidande för patienten samt medföra längre sjukhusvistelse.Opioidfri anestesi är en framväxande metod baserad på idén att undvika opioider för bättre postoperativ återhämtning.Syfte Syftet med systematiska litteraturstudien var att beskriva vilken effekt opioidfri anestesi har på PONV och postoperativ smärta hos patienter som genomgår operation undergenerell anestesi.Metod En systematisk litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design valdes för att systematiskt sammanställa publicerade forskningsresultat från tidigare studier inom området. Sökningarna av artiklar gjordes i Medline via PubMed. Nio artiklar inkluderades i studiens resultat och kvalitetsgranskades utifrån Joanna Briggs Checklist for Randomized Control Trials.ResultatFlera av de inkluderade artiklarna visade att opioidfri anestesi hade signifikanta effekter på både PONV och postoperativ smärta. I de opioidfria grupperna var både PONV och postoperativ smärta mindre förekommande, och de krävde mindre mängd analgetika och antiemetika.SlutsatserResultatet i denna studie visar att opiodfri anestesi har positiva effekter på PONV och postoperativ smärta. Artikelsökningen för denna studie visar på begränsad forskning inom området, men ett flertal större studier pågår vilket visar på ett intresse för att utvärdera och utveckla opioidfri anestesi. Med ökad kunskap och medvetenhet kan onödigt lidande undvikas, speciellt där en ökad risk för PONV och smärta föreligger.

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  • 34.
    Anette, Wikström
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Chatzoudis, Susanne
    Distriktssköterskors erfarenheter av att motivera patienter med diabetes typ 2 till livsstilsförändringar2020Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Antalet diabetiker i världen har ökat. Orsaker som kan utveckla diabetes typ 2 kan vara ohälsosam livsstil. Patienter med diabetes typ 2 kan påverka sin sjukdom själv med livsstilsförändringar, exempelvis genom ökad motion och ändrade kostvanor. I distriktssköterskornas arbete ingår att hjälpa patienterna med att hitta kraft till att utföra egenvård och tillsammans sätta upp individuella mål för behandlingen.  Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva distriktssköterskors erfarenheter av att motivera patienter med diabetes typ 2 till livsstilsförändringar.   Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ ansats med beskrivande design. Tio distriktssköterskor från tio olika hälsocentraler intervjuades. Datainsamling utfördes med semistrukturerade intervjuer och analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.   Huvudresultat: Distriktssköterskorna beskrev sina erfarenheter med att motivera patienter med diabetes typ 2 till livsstilsförändringar. De använde olika metoder som motiverande samtal och personcentrerad vård för att motivera. Underlättande faktorer var bland annat patienter som hade en egen motivation, ett gott samarbete med andra professioner och skriftlig information. Utmanande faktorer beskrevs vara kulturella skillnader, språksvårigheter, fysisk och psykisk ohälsa samt patienter som förnekade och hade okunskap om sin sjukdom.   Slutsats: Distriktssköterskorna beskrev både underlättande och utmanande faktorer med att motivera patienter med diabetes typ 2 till livsstilsförändringar. Genom att individanpassa informationen, målen, behandlingarna och uppföljningarna uppnådde patienterna hållbara livsstilsförändringar. Studiens resultat ger en inblick av distriktssköterskornas olika erfarenheter med att motivera patienter med diabetes typ 2. Detta kan förhoppningsvis leda till mer kunskap som förbättrar och utvecklar diabetesvården.   

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  • 35.
    Anjie, Nan
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Sciences.
    Lu, Zhang
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Sciences.
    Nursing interventions to glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes: A descriptive literature review2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 36.
    Anlér, Teresia
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Zubair, Bishang
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Hur upplever personer med diabetes typ 2 livsstilsförändring relaterad till kost och fysisk aktivitet2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Diabetes type 2 is a chronic disease that runs the risk of further complications such as cardiovascular disease, heart attack and stroke. Complications of diabetes are one of the most common causes of death. The disease is caused by reduced production of insulin, but it can also occur with other factors, such as genetics, age, lifestyle factors, and obesity. Living with type II diabetes is complex and also affects the quality of life, therefore support is required. Aim:To describe people’s experience of lifestyle changes related to diet and physical activity with diabetes type II as a diagnosis. Method: A descriptive literature study was conducted to compile studies that were published between the years 2013 and 2023. A total of 11 relevant articles were compiled for this descriptive literature study with the help of thematic analysis. Result: The authors categorized the results into three main themes; factors that influence adherence to lifestyle changes, motivation to make lifestyle changes and the quality of life. These categories are the factors that affect the person’s experiences with type II diabetes. Conclusion: The authors have combined the person's experiences of lifestyle changes related to diet and physical activity in diabetes type II with the help of previous studies that had similar aims as the purpose of the work. It appeared that changing diet and performing physical activities was challenging for the participants. Support from family and friends was also assessed as an important component due to improving the person’s motivation. The people also appreciated the nurse’s efforts, which were considered significant and could strengthen the person’s resources in case of changes in lifestyle. 

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  • 37.
    Annelie, Kolling
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Hur upplever vuxna med ADHD sitt dagliga liv?2019Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract:

     

    Background: There has been a significant increase in the use of stimulants medication in used for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The impairment could cause symptoms such as attention deficit, overactivity, impulsivity and lack of impulse control. These symptoms could contribute to significant difficulties in everyday life. Aim: The purpose was to describe how adults with ADHD experience their daily lives. Method: A descriptive literature study based on nine scientific articles. Main results: All participants described perceived symptoms as hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention, oblivion, and the feeling of being disorganized. The symptoms affected the participant negatively in several areas of their life, such as the difficulty of starting and completing something but also maintaining a relationship. Most of the participants chose to medicate to get help with the symptoms but also needed to use strategies to help in everyday life. Some participants also described a need to self-medicate with alcohol and drugs. Conclusion: For people with ADHD, the experience of their disability is individual and needs to be addressed properly, that is, to meet them at their own level. When the healthcare system does not live up to this, the person is negatively affected. Society needs more knowledge and information so that all people, whether you have ADHD or not, can feel involved in the community. A higher knowledge would lead to less suffering, a greater understanding of how people with ADHD acts, improved nursing care and feeling of better involvement in their own care.

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  • 38.
    Antonsen, Kristine
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Arnbro, Emelie
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Vårdpersonalens upplevelser av att arbeta personcentrerad med demenssjuka personer inom vården: En beskrivande litteraturstudie2023Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Trots att minnet och den kognitiva funktionen successivt går förlorad hos enperson med demenssjukdom gör inte identiteten det. Personcentrerad vård (PCV) är enkärnkompetens hos sjuksköterskan och attityder, tillitsskapande och förståelse är viktigti mötet med personer med en demenssjukdom. Syfte: Att beskriva vårdpersonalensupplevelse av att arbeta personcentrerat med demenssjuka personer inom vården.Metod: Beskrivande litteraturstudie med kvalitativ design grundad på tretton artiklarsökta genom databasen PubMed. Huvudresultat: Resultatet visade hur vårdpersonalen,genom att anpassa kommunikationen och bemötandet efter den unika individens behov,kunde arbeta personcentrerat. Kommunikation med anhöriga och informationsbrev varvärdefulla verktyg som gav personlig information om individen. Vårdpersonal upplevdeatt beteendemässiga och psykiska symtom minskade vid PCV samt att positivabeteenden ökade hos personer med en demenssjukdom. Attityder kring dessa individerblev bättre om vårdpersonalen avsatte tid, dock ansåg viss vårdpersonal att dettasaknade betydelse för vårdarbetet. PCV och fysisk beröring möjliggjorde tillitsfullarelationer mellan vårdpersonal och personer med en demenssjukdom. Kunskap ochförståelse om demenssjukdomar samt individanpassad vård var betydelsefullt. Eninspirerande vårdmiljö ökade socialt umgänge medan en stressfull miljö utmanadeförutsättningarna att ge PCV. Tidspress och förutfattade meningar sågs som utmaningaratt kunna ge PCV. Slutsats: Det fanns faktorer som kunde hjälpa vårdpersonalen attarbeta personcentrerat men även utmaningar. Personer med en demenssjukdom kansynas inom alla vårdinrättningar, därför kan denna litteraturstudie bidra tillkunskapsspridning och förståelse till de som inte dagligen arbetar inomdemenssjukvården eller eventuellt skapa ifrågasättande kring de egna arbetssätten hosvårdpersonal som har arbetat länge inom området. 

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    Vårdpersonalens upplevelser av att arbeta personcentrerad med demenssjuka personer inom vården
  • 39.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science. Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Rudolfsson, Gudrun
    Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway;Division of Nursing, Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
    Sharing the Same Reality, Healthy Relations Between Colleagues at Work: A Meta-Synthesis2023In: Sage Open Nursing, E-ISSN 2377-9608, Vol. 9Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction

    Good relations are important at work, leading to well-being among coworkers. Since the latest research in nursing is mostly about bullying, and lateral violence, it was important to study what healthy relations mean.

    Objectives

    The aim was to identify and synthesize qualitative studies that describe healthy relations, creating health and well-being between colleagues at work.

    Methods

    A meta-synthesis approach, inspired by Sherwood's steps of analysis, was chosen for this study. Ten articles from three continents, comprising 230 participants, were included.

    Results

    Two themes were identified as follows: (a) creating a mutual bond on a personal level and a permissive atmosphere through the human warmth; and (b) sharing togetherness in a greater whole, offering unconditional help and devoting themselves to taking care of each other. An overarching metaphor implicating the home/homeness was abstracted from the two themes: “Healthy relations between colleagues at work constitute the community as a common world, containing feelings of being at home, implying acting in an expression of the ethos and dignity, a culture created that makes the ideal form of healthy relations visible.”

    Conclusion

    Nurses find their meaning when they work in a permissive environment, and when they are allowed to be themselves. Such meaning can be found through their engagement with one another, by offering each other unconditional help. Good relationships lead to a place they call their home, where there is trust and friendship.

  • 40.
    Arleving, Daniel
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskans hanteringsstrategier i mötet med anhöriga inom akutsjukvård2019Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Emergency care is an eventful area. Emergency clinics have stressful meetings and emergency situations. Patients who come to emergency rooms often have a relative with them. Relatives are often described as someone who should be involved in the care. Coping has a central role in this environment for both patients, relatives but also the staff.

    Aim: To describe nurses' experiences of meetings with relatives in emergency care. The methodological aspect was to examine the selection method of the selected articles.

    Method: Literature study with 9 articles examined.

    Results: Nurses' experiences of meetings with relatives in emergency care have proved to have several dimensions of a problem. Emergency clinics are described as a place that is hectic, the staff assess and help patients in a first stage. Emergency clinics are often built for a lower patient pressure than reality. The staff have poorer conditions for coping. The staff are exposed to threats and anger from relatives. Recent research indicates that relatives are also involved in the emergency rooms. The picture that was painted was that nurses often do not want to allow relatives to take the place they need. In the study, the good example of how an emergency department meets relatives and lets them participate is revealed. The emergency department shows what should be done. Coping needs more space.

    Conclusion: The nurse's ability for using their coping strategies are worse at emergency departments. The author sees that processing processes cannot be managed properly before the next difficult-to-handle situation comes. The work environment is thus an important factor that affects the nurse's coping and also affects the meeting with relatives in emergency care. Relatives can give the nurse increased and reduced stress at work. At the same time, relatives can support the nursing and provide information to the nurse, which is a great resource.

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  • 41.
    Arnell, Carl-Fredrik
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Lundqvist, Camilla
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Föräldrars erfarenheter av att leva med barn som har Down Syndrom: En beskrivande litteraturstudie2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosome disorder in Sweden. Characteristics is seen at birth. Children with DS have increased risk to develop somatic problems. Screening is used to examine chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus and this can cause ethical dilemmas between healthcare personnel and parents. Nurses work with a holistically approach, it helps parents to have a functional future.

    Purpose:  The purpose of this study was to describe parents' lived experience of living with a child that has the diagnosis Down syndrome.

    Method: A descriptive literature review with a thematic design. The bibliographic databases PubMed and Cinahl were used to find articles. 11 articles were included in the study. Five themes were identified: (1) Changed life situations on the child's specific need of care, (2) Parents’ growth and impact, (3) Emotions regarding the child's future, (4) Social acceptance, (5) Contact with healthcare services.

    Main result: The studies show that parents have had to change their life situations due to the child's caring need. The challenges that parents are faced with showed a personal growth and affected them on a personal level. The result showed a concern for the children's future and adulthood. Parents experiences regarding social acceptance and the contact with healthcare against children with DS was varied.

    Conclusion: Similar concerns regarding the future for the children with DS is consistently seen all through the studies. The problem is the lack of knowledge and research within the healthcare system regarding DS and the effects it has on the family. Lackluster information and support. Inadequate information and support increased the parents stress levels. Further research regarding DS and how the nurse should treat parents in encounters with them is important. A nurse can through good knowledge help families live their lives as normal as possible. 

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  • 42.
    Arvidsson, Elsa
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Jönsegård, Marlene
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Patienternas upplevelser av vårdpersonalens bemötande på akutmottagningen: En deskriptiv litteraturstudie2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The emergency department can be perceived as a chaotic and hectic place due to the high patient flow and the high work pace. Patients come to the emergency department for various reasons and are often in a vulnerable and exposed situation. The nursing staff has an important role in the nursing duties while also dealing with the patients. Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe patients' experiences of the nursing staff's treatment in the emergency department. Method: A literature review with descriptive design and a thematic data analysis method. The result is based on 14 scientific articles with a qualitative approach. Result: The results showed the patients had different experiences of the nursing staff’s treatment in the emergency department. The most significant result was the patients found the communication and information from the nursing staff to be important. Patients felt abandoned when information was lacking and when nursing staff did not listen to them. Respectful care was also shown to be a central part of the treatment. Conclusion: The patients testified that the nursing staff had an important role in both their positive and negative experiences at the emergency department. An essential factor which characterized the positive experiences was when the nursing staff informed the patients and were present. The negative experiences were linked to disrespectful treatment and insufficient information between the patient and the nursing staff. Further knowledge in the field is crucial for the nursing staff's treatment and with the results of this study, nursing work can be promoted and contribute to a better experience for the patient in the emergency department.

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  • 43.
    Arvidsson, Lisa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Healthcare personnel assessed self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis and their relationship to structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stressManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Healthcare personnel’s working conditions are important for their well-being at work and for their ability to provide patients with safe care. Self-efficacy can influence employees’ behaviour at work. Therefore, it is valuable to study self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis in relation to working conditions. 

    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between healthcare personnel assessed self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis in care situations and structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress. 

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a correlational design was conducted. A total of 417 registered nurses and nursing assistants at surgical and orthopaedic units responded to a questionnaire containing: Infection Prevention Appraisal Scale, Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-II, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and HSE Management Standards Indicator Tool. Correlational analysis and group comparisons were performed. 

    RESULTS: Healthcare personnel rated high levels of self-efficacy to medical asepsis in care situations. Low correlations with a definite, but small relationship were found between structural empowerment, work engagement, work-related stress and self-efficacy to medical asepsis. The comparative analysis revealed significant differences between some of the groups within the questionnaires. There were also differences between assessments of risk for organism transmission at work and self-efficacy. 

    CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that HCP rated high levels of self-efficacy to medical asepsis, and to some extent, it seems to have a relationship to structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress. It is valuable knowledge that it would be possible to make improvements at the managerial and organisational level that benefit both HCP and patients in the long run. 

  • 44.
    Arvidsson, Lisa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Healthcare personnel's working conditions relationship to risk behaviours for organism transmission2021Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Healthcare personnel (HCP) often experience undesirable working conditions. Risk behaviours for organism transmission can lead to healthcare associated infections and risk behaviours has been described to be influenced by working conditions. Research is lacking regarding HCPs working conditions and its relation to risk behaviours for organism transmission which this thesis aims to investigate. 

    Methods: Study I had a mixed-methods convergent design. Observations and interviews were performed with 79 HCP, i.e., registered nurses (RNs) and assistant nurses (ANs). First-line managers were interviewed about the unit´s overall working conditions. The qualitative and quantitative data were analysed separately and then merged. Study II was a cross-sectional study with 417 RNs and ANs. The questionnaire included: self-efficacy to aseptic care, structural empowerment (SE), work engagement (WE) and work-related stress (WRS). Correlational analysis and group comparisons were performed. 

    Results: In Study I risk behaviours frequently occurred regardless of measurable and perceived working conditions. The HCP described e.g. staffing levels and interruptions to influence risk behaviours. In the statistical analyses, risk behaviours were more frequent in interrupted activities and when the HCP worked together. In Study II the HCP rated high levels of self-efficacy to aseptic care. Differences were found between self-efficacy and some of the grouped working condition variables and definite but small relationships were found between self-efficacy to aseptic care and SE/WE/WRS. 

    Conclusion: The HCP rated high levels of self-efficacy to aseptic care, but on the other hand, risk behaviours frequently occurred irrespective of working conditions. Healthcare managers are responsible for HCPs work environment and should continuously work to promote sufficient working conditions and to increase HCPs understanding of risk behaviours, which consequently also promote patient safety.

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  • 45.
    Arvidsson, Lisa
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Lindberg, Magnus
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Skytt, Bernice
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science. Uppsala universitet.
    Lindberg, Maria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science. Uppsala universitet.
    Healthcare personnel's working conditions in relation to risk behaviours for organism transmission: A mixed-methods study2022In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 31, no 7-8, p. 878-894Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate healthcare personnel's working conditions in relation to risk behaviours for organism transmission.

    BACKGROUND: Healthcare personnel's behaviour is often influenced by working conditions that in turn can impact the development of healthcare-associated infections. Observational studies are scarce, and further understanding of working conditions in relation to behaviour is essential for the benefit of the healthcare personnel and the safety of the patients.

    DESIGN: A mixed-methods convergent design.

    METHODS: Data were collected during 104 h of observation at eight hospital units. All 79 observed healthcare personnel were interviewed. Structured interviews covering aspects of working conditions were performed with the respective first-line manager. The qualitative and quantitative data were collected concurrently and given equal priority. Data were analysed separately and then merged. The study follows the GRAMMS guidelines for reporting mixed-methods research.

    RESULTS: Regardless of measurable and perceived working conditions, risk behaviours frequently occurred especially missed hand disinfection. Healthcare personnel described staffing levels, patient-level workload, physical factors and interruptions as important conditions that influence infection prevention behaviours. The statistical analyses confirmed that interruptions increase the frequency of risk behaviours. Significantly higher frequencies of risk behaviours also occurred in activities where healthcare personnel worked together, which in the interviews was described as a consequence of caring for high-need patients.

    CONCLUSIONS: These mixed-methods findings illustrate that healthcare personnel's perceptions do not always correspond to the observed results since risk behaviours frequently occurred regardless of the observed and perceived working conditions. Facilitating the possibility for healthcare personnel to work undisturbed when needed is essential for their benefit and for patient safety.

    RELEVANCE FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE: The results can be used to enlighten healthcare personnel and managers and when designing future infection prevention work.

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  • 46.
    Arvidsson, Lisa
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Skytt, Bernice
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science. Uppsala universitet.
    Lindberg, Maria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science. Uppsala universitet.
    Lindberg, Magnus
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Nurses’ assessed self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis and their relation to structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress2023In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 74, no 2, p. 501-513Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Nurses’ working conditions are important for their well-being at work and for their ability to provide patients with safe care. Self-efficacy can influence employees’ behaviour at work. Therefore, it is valuable to study self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis in relation to working conditions.

    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between nurses assessed self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis in care situations and structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a correlational design was conducted. A total of 417 registered nurses and licensed practical nurses at surgical and orthopaedic units responded to a questionnaire containing: the Infection Prevention Appraisal Scale, the Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-II, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 and the Health & Safety Executive Management Standards Indicator Tool. Correlational analyses and group comparisons were performed.

    RESULTS: The nurses rated high levels of self-efficacy to medical asepsis in care situations. The correlational analyses revealed that correlation coefficients between structural empowerment, work engagement, work-related stress and self-efficacy to medical asepsis were 0.254–0.268. Significant differences in self-efficacy were found in the grouped working conditions.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that nurses rated high self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis and, to some extent, this seemed related to structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress. This valuable knowledge could enable improvements at the managerial and organisational levels, benefiting both nurses and patients in the long run.

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  • 47.
    Asadpourzowj, Farzaneh
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med ett självskadebeteende2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Beskrivningen av självskadebeteende under 1960–1970 talet hade sitt ursprung för mestadels från psykiatriska vårdanstalter samt institutioner riktade mot människor från fängelser och med psykiska utvecklingsstörningar. Idag är självskadebeteende en större utmaning i hälso och sjukvården, och är vanligast förekommande hos yngre människor och minskar med åldern.

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  • 48.
    Asplund, Anna
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Illemann, Sandra
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av kulturell kompetens i omvårdnaden: En litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Kulturell kompetens innebar ett förhållningssätt, där kulturell medvetenhet, attityder och övertygelser gentemot patientens kultur beaktas samt att en god kommunikation säkerställs. Svårigheter att möta patienter med olika kulturell bakgrund i Hälso-och sjukvården fanns, där patienternas omvårdnadsbehov och patientsäkerhet inte kunde säkerställas om kulturell kompetens saknades i verksamheten. Hur detta kunde etableras på bästa sätt var en utmaning, då svårigheter fanns att integrera kompetensen. Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors erfarenhet av kulturell kompetens i omvårdnaden. Metod: En litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design. Resultatet sammanställdes av 13 empiriska vetenskapliga artiklar. Huvudresultat: Resultatet påvisade att yrkeserfarenheter av att vårda patienter med olika kulturella behov kunde förbättra men även utmana den kulturella kompetensen i omvårdnaden enligt sjuksköterskorna. Kommunikation, attityder samt organisation ansågs vara en viktig men utmanande del för den kulturella kompetensen. Utbildning uppmärksammade sjuksköterskor hur de agerade i omvårdnaden av patienter med olika kulturell bakgrund. Om en individanpassad omvårdnad, baserat utifrån kulturell kompetens tillgodosågs, kunde en patientsäker och god omvårdnad tillhandahållas enligt sjuksköterskorna. Slutsats: Det är av stor vikt att implementera kulturell kompetens i Hälso- och sjukvården, då omvårdnaden av patienter med olika kulturer var en stor del av sjuksköterskeprofessionen. Stöd av organisationen var en viktig faktor för att erhålla kunskap kring olika kulturer samt förstå kommunikationens betydelse. Sjuksköterskor behövde även bli medvetna om sina egna attityder och fördomar. Om patienter kunde mötas med kunskap, respekt och förståelse utifrån kulturell kompetens, möjliggjorde detta till en säker och individanpassad omvårdnad.

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  • 49.
    Asylbekova, Gulmira
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Sciences, Caring Science.
    Upplevelser av livskvalité hos patienter med bensår: Litteraturstudie2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Omkring 100 000 svenskar beräknas lida av bensår vilka kräver långa behandlingstider och medför ekonomiska kostnader för samhället. Olika sjukdomstillstånd såsom trauma och försämrad blodcirkulation anses som riskfaktorer. Att leva med bensår kan ha negativ inverkan på människors dagliga liv. Det är viktigt för sjuksköterskor att informera patienterna kring behandlingen, ge stöd samt ha förmågan att bemöta dem med respekt och empati. Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande studie var att beskriva hur patienter med bensår upplever sin livskvalitet samt att beskriva undersökningsgrupperna som ingick i de inkluderade artiklarna. Metod: Beskrivande litteratur studie som inkluderade tolv vetenskapliga artiklar som söktes fram i databasen Cinahl. Huvudresultat: Patienterna beskrev smärta som påverkade deras dagliga liv både fysiskt och psykiskt. Sömnproblem påverkade det psykiska måendet negativt. Rädslan för att skada sig begränsade patienterna fysiskt och man beskrev även känslan av skam, missmod, ensamhet, oro, ångest, depression och förlust av hopp. Bensår upplevdes tidssamt energikrävande och brister i kunskap hos sjukvårdpersonalen hade negativ påverkan på patienternas livskvalité. Undersökningsgrupperna varierade i antal från 5 till 247 deltagare, majoriteten var kvinnor, åldern var mellan 18 till 99 år. De flesta deltagarna hade haft venösa bensår, vilka varade mellan 6 veckor till 43 år. Slutsats: Att leva med bensår påverkade livskvaliteten. Relationen mellan sjuksköterska – patient hade stort betydelse för sårläkningen och välbefinnande. Det är viktigt att sjuksköterskor har tillräcklig kunskap om denna patientgrupp samt att ge ett professionellt bemötande, stöd och information om en egenvård. 

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  • 50.
    Avermo, Isabelle
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Lindblom, Malin
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Personers erfarenheter av egenvård vid diabetes typ 22020Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Diabetes is a growing worldwide problem. Risk factors for developing Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DMT2) include heredity and lifestyle factors such as smoking and obesity. An important cornerstone in the treatment of DMT2 is self-care. Aim: To describe people's experiences of self-care at Diabetes Mellitus type 2. Method: A descriptive literature study containing 14 articles with a qualitative approach, the database search was done in the CINAHL database. The articles were processed and then divided into main themes and subthemes. Result: The results showed that persons experience of good self-care was important for the management of DMT2. The results showed that social support was of great importance for people with the disease when managing self-care. Physical activity was also found to have a valuable influence on the individual's well-being at self-care of DMT2. Despite the motivation to change, there were also some obstacles with self-care. Diet, social events and blood sugar monitoring were described as challenging because these factors required new planning, examining and lifestyle. These obstacles resulted in feelings of guilt and hopelessness among some participants. Conclusion: Based on the results of the literature study it appeared that self-care in people with DMT2 could be challenging in many cases but that the support from other people could facilitate the self-care. An increased knowledge of these experiences of self-care can serve as a helpful tool and come to use by both people with the disease and the people around. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus type 2, self care, experience

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