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  • 1.
    Aarts, Mariëlle P. J.
    et al.
    Building Physics and Services, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
    Aries, Myriam
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science. Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH. Research area Built Environment. Building Physics and Services, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
    Diakoumis, Adonia
    Building Physics and Services, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
    van Hoof, Joost
    Fontys EGT—Centre for Healthcare and Technology, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
    Shedding a light on phototherapy studies with people having dementia: A critical review of the methodology from a light perspective2016In: American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementia, ISSN 1533-3175, E-ISSN 1938-2731, Vol. 31, no 7, p. 551-563Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Light therapy is applied to older people with dementia as a treatment to reset the biological clock, to improve the cognitive functioning, and to reduce behavioral symptoms. Although the methodological quality of light therapy studies is essential, many aspects concerning the description of the lighting applied are missing. This study reviewed light therapy studies concerning the effects on people with dementia as a way to check the methodological quality of the description of light from a light engineering perspective. Twelve studies meeting the inclusion criteria were chosen for further analysis. Each study was scored on a list of aspects relevant to a proper description of lighting aspects. The overview demonstrates that the overall quality of the methodologies is poor. The studies describe the lighting insufficiently and not in the correct metrics. The robustness of light therapy studies can be improved by involving a light engineer or specialist.

  • 2.
    Aarts, Mariëlle P. J.
    et al.
    Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Aries, Myriam
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science. Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Straathof, Jochem
    Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    van Hoof, Joost
    Centre for Healthcare and Technology, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Dynamic lighting systems in psychogeriatric care facilities in the Netherlands: A quantitative and qualitative analysis of stakeholders’ responses and applied technology2015In: Indoor + Built Environment, ISSN 1420-326X, E-ISSN 1423-0070, Vol. 24, no 5, p. 617-630Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Long-term care facilities are currently installing dynamic lighting systems with the aim to improve the well-being and behaviour of residents with dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the implementation of dynamic lighting systems from the perspective of stakeholders and the performance of the technology. Therefore, a questionnaire survey was conducted with the management and care professionals of six care facilities. Moreover, light measurements were conducted in order to describe the exposure of residents to lighting. The results showed that the main reason for purchasing dynamic lighting systems lied in the assumption that the well-being and day/night rhythmicity of residents could be improved. The majority of care professionals were not aware of the reasons why dynamic lighting systems were installed. Despite positive subjective ratings of the dynamic lighting systems, no data were collected by the organizations to evaluate the effectiveness of the lighting. Although the care professionals stated that they did not see any large positive effects of the dynamic lighting systems on the residents and their own work situation, the majority appreciated the dynamic lighting systems more than the old situation. The light values measured in the care facilities did not exceed the minimum threshold values reported in the literature. Therefore, it seems illogical that the dynamic lighting systems installed in the researched care facilities will have any positive health effects.

  • 3.
    Aarts, Mariëlle P.J.
    et al.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    van Duijnhoven, Juliëtte
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    Aries, Myriam B. C.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science. Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    Rosemann, Alexander L.P.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    Performance of personally worn dosimeters to study non-image forming effects of light: Assessment methods2017In: Building and Environment, ISSN 0360-1323, E-ISSN 1873-684X, Vol. 117, p. 60-72Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    When determining the effects of light on human beings, it is essential to correctly measure the effects, and to correctly measure the adequate properties of light. Therefore, it is important to know what is being measured and know the quality of the measurement devices. This paper describes simple methods for identifying three quality indices; the directional response index, the linearity index and the temperature index. These indices are also checked for several commonly used portable light measurement devices. The results stresses what was already assumed, the quality and the outcome of these devices under different circumstances were very different. Also, the location were these devices are normally worn has an impact on the results. The deviation range between worn vertically at eye level and the wrist is between 11% (outdoor) to 27% (indoor). The smallest deviation, both in indoor and outdoor, was found when the device was placed on the sides of the eye (7%). 

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  • 4.
    Aasa, Emma
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science. Jönköpings University.
    Rosell, Michaela
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science. Jönköpings University.
    Den juridiska statusen för 3D-modeller som bygghandlingar2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction – This thesis in Building Engineering at Jönköping University, in collaboration with Tyréns Sweden AB, examines the issues surrounding 3D models as construction documents from a legal perspective and investigates how digitization affects stakeholders in the construction industry. The goal of the study is to explore a relevant and interesting research area in order to contribute to knowledge development and the advancement of new theories or methods in the field.

    Method – The study will employ qualitative research, including primary data collection through interviews, to address the research questions posed in the report. The authors have chosen this method to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the respondents' perspectives and identify important themes and patterns. The interviews were conducted with participants from various sectors of the construction industry to obtain a broader picture of the subject.

    Results – The study revealed that there are certain legal barriers to the use of 3D models as drawing documentation. These barriers are related to a lack of knowledge and uncertainty in handling the models. This includes issues of copyright, liability, and evidential value. There is a need to update current regulations to facilitate the management of digital models.

    Analysis – The analysis of the results clarifies that industry standards and clearer guidelines would prevent uncertainties and address knowledge gaps in the use of BIM and 3D models. An industry standard could have facilitated a smoother transition to a more digitized construction industry. There is also a need for education in the field for professionals and decision-making stakeholders.

    Discussion – The discussion focuses on possible solutions to the identified problems, such as the development of standards and guidelines, education, and regulatory updates. There is also a need to raise awareness about the legal aspects of using 3D models in the construction industry, as the uncertainty regarding their legal status is high. Legally, it is possible to use 3D models as contractual documents, but the study shows that concerns about the legal aspects are a reason for the weak implementation.

    Keywords – 3D model, 3D design, BIM, Building Information Modeling, construction documents, contractual law, and copyright.

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  • 5.
    Abbas, Ibrahim
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Thurann, Alexander
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Implementering av Aerogel-matta vid köldbryggor2020Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 6.
    Abdalla, Jack
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Al-Najem, Tony
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Implementering av det biofila fenomen i utformningen av skolbyggnader2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Today, humanity is trying to develop in all areas of life, so that we can reach a cleaner, more modern, and more sustainable world. This study highlights the importance of architecture to improve areas of life. This report talks about a type of architectural design. It is called biophilic design which means to combine nature with buildings. This study is about biophilic design in school buildings.

    Method: To perform the survey, three different methods were chosen. The first method was a questionnaire sent to college students and high school students, the second method was interviews conducted with knowledgeable architects who have extensive experience in the subject of biophilic design and the last method was literature studies.

    Results: All data collected from the questionnaire, the interviews and literature studies are summarized as follows:Most college students and high school students think that when you are closer to nature it makes you feel better and that it would help improve the teaching process. Architects who were interviewed thought that biophilic design in school buildings has both advantages and disadvantages, but in general they support the idea of using and spreading the idea more in Sweden.

    Analysis: The analyzed data have shown that it is possible to implement biophilic design on the inside and outside of a school building in unusual ways. But many problems will arise, and one must have the will to continue to maintain these materials. It turned out that having these natural elements in school will contribute to a positive effect on the learning environment and the students themselves. For example, as a more creative, calm, and de-stressing environment. Having a green roof seems like an innovative idea but it requires a lot of maintenance.

    Discussion: This study focuses on how to implement biophilic design in a school building and what impact it has on the learning environment. The study addressed what is required to integrate the qualities of nature in the right way to maximize its effects. Studying biophilic design, nature and how it affects people and architecture and its impact on people has helped to lead to a clear result.

  • 7.
    Abdallah, Mohamad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    El Ammarin, Abdalhadi
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    En studie i användning av BIM i förstudie och bygglovsprocessen inom kommunal verksamhet2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract 

    Introduction: The construction industry is a large industry and like all other industries, it must always develop. The development can involve several factors, but within today's construction industry, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a central part of the development. Companies and organizations in Sweden have shown for a long time that there are shortcomings in BIM and its use compared to other countries. There are several reasons for this, but above all the high costs and lack of knowledge about BIM. BIM can facilitate and streamline the construction process and it is something that is not fully utilized, which can make the process slower and less efficient. Communication is a big part of BIM as it facilitates communication, which is one of the biggest problems in the construction industry.Method: The method used to present the theories in the study is semi-structured interviews so that the interviewee has the freedom to design their answers. As well as literature implementation from theoretical frameworks that have been the main data collection method.Results: What the study showed after the conducted interviews and the implementation of literature is that there is a lack of BIM use and digital tools. The shortage exists at different levels in the different municipalities and differs even if the municipalities are roughly the same size when it comes to area and population. Some municipalities have taken the first step towards digitization and have succeeded in that step.Analysis: BIM is a tool that can make it easier for municipalities and companies to work. If they use BIM, it can save time, money and resources. the municipalities know about this and want to use BIM in their work system, but they encounter some problems. They have a lack of trained staff and the economy right now makes it difficult to carry out the process.Discussion: The study shows that BIM is used too little within the municipalityaccording to interviews and literature review. Introducing BIM is expected to make work easier for municipalities, but there are challenges for organizations that want to use BIM and participate in technology development.Keywords: BIM, BIM implementation, Pros and cons of BIM, Preliminary study, Client, digitization within municipal operations and digitization of the building permit process.

  • 8.
    Abdulkareem, Rawa
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Gherghiceanu, Marian
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Evaluations of Product Data Template initiatives2022Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The AEC (Architecture, Engineering, and Construction) industry has been undergoing a significant digitaliza-tion process in the last years. This transformation implies new challenges and adaptation concerning the ex-change of data between different software applications. Therefore, in response to this problem the benefits of IFC as a solution for the exchange of data have been investigated. However, the current versions of IFC cannot achieve semantic clarity in mapping entities and relationships. Therefore, there have been several attempts to develop solutions and optimizing methods to improve the exchange of information of product data. This paper aims to identify and investigate the challenges of using product data templates (PDT) for exchange of infor-mation and different PDT has been evaluated and compared. The necessary data was collected through literature review and document analysis. Five challenges and five initiatives were identified during the literature review. The five initiatives are Semantic web and linked data, CoClass, Buildingsmart, COBie and Cobuilder. The result showed how these initiatives could solve the identified challenges. 

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  • 9.
    Abi-Khalil, Pierre
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Abdulahad, Zuhair
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Stadsutveckling i mellanstora städer: En studie om förtätning i centrala Norrköping ur ett socialt och ekologiskt perspektiv2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Planners in Norrköping municipality today facing a challenge to meet Norrköping'sneeds in the housing market, while at the same time achieving demand for public places and areas such as parks, squares and nature areas. When existing areas within the city's borders are built, so-called densification takes place in the city, whichcan have both positive and negative consequences. The aim of this study is to investigatehow the densification has affected Norrköping's inner city from a social and ecologicalperspective with a focus on free space, and present proposals for measures forbetter management of the densification in central Norrköping.

    This study has mainly been carried out using a qualitative research method.A qualitative study is based on soft data such as interviews, document analysis and literature studies. The interviews have been conducted with respondents from Norrköpings municipality and the document analysis consists of steering documents obtained from Norrköpings municipality and Pontarius AB. Some data is obtained from documents and studies where results are presented in the form of tables, diagrams, figures and GIS analysis, which means that quantitative methods are also applied.

    To perform a safer densification, it is important that the municipality establishes safe guidelines and steering documents to relate to. These control documents should be used as a framework for efficient exploitation and ensure that the city's freeareas are developed from a sustainable perspective and that a good quality is includedin the development.

    It is advantageous that the development of the densification takes placeaccording to guidelines and documentation prepared by the municipality. To ensure maximum efficiency in exploitation, these guidelines should be followed at an early stage. It is also important that there is a balance of free space size and their quality. Too small a surface leads to a higher load and larger surfaces can be perceived as superfluousand a feeling of unsecure. It is recommended to study how the densification developsin connection with the infrastructure and how it will affect free and green areas in the long run.

    This study is limited to only the inner city of Norrköping. The study also delimits economic and political factors that can influence the planning of the densification and the development of the city’s infrastructure and public transport.

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  • 10.
    Adamsson, Mathias
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Laike, Thorbjörn
    Department of Environmental Science, Fukuoka Women's University, Japan.
    Morita, Takeshi
    Department of Environmental Science, Fukuoka Women's University, Japan.
    Annual variation in daily light exposure and circadian change of melatonin and cortisol concentrations at a northern latitude with large seasonal differences in photoperiod length2016In: Journal of Physiological Anthropology, ISSN 1880-6791, E-ISSN 1880-6805, Vol. 36, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Seasonal variations in physiology and behavior have frequently been reported. Light is the major zeitgeber for synchronizing internal circadian rhythms with the external solar day. Non-image forming effects of light radiation, for example, phase resetting of the circadian rhythms, melatonin suppression, and acute alerting effects, depend on several characteristics of the light exposure including intensity, timing and duration, spectral composition and previous light exposure, or light history. The aim of the present study was to report on the natural pattern of diurnal and seasonal light exposure and to examine seasonal variations in the circadian change of melatonin and cortisol concentrations for a group of Swedish office workers.

    METHODS: Fifteen subjects participated in a field study that was carried out in the south of Sweden. Ambulatory equipment was used for monthly measurements of the daily exposure to light radiation across the year. The measurements included illuminance and irradiance. The subjects collected saliva samples every 4 h during 1 day of the monthly measuring period.

    RESULTS: The results showed that there were large seasonal differences in daily amount of light exposure across the year. Seasonal differences were observed during the time periods 04:00-08:00, 08:00-12:00, 12:00-16:00, 16:00-20:00, and 20:00-24:00. Moreover, there were seasonal differences regarding the exposure pattern. The subjects were to a larger extent exposed to light in the afternoon/evening in the summer. During the winter, spring, and autumn, the subjects received much of the daily light exposure in the morning and early afternoon. Regarding melatonin, a seasonal variation was observed with a larger peak level during the winter and higher levels in the morning at 07:00.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study adds to the results from other naturalistic studies by reporting on the diurnal and seasonal light exposure patterns for a group living at a northern latitude of 56° N, with large annual variations in photoperiod length. It seems to be seasonal variation in the lighting conditions, both concerning intensities as well as regarding the pattern of the light exposure to which people living at high latitudes are exposed which may result in seasonal variation in the circadian profile of melatonin.

  • 11.
    Adamsson, Mathias
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Laike, Thorbjörn
    Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Morita, Takeshi
    Department of Environmental Science, Fukuoka Women’s University, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
    Comparison of Static and Ambulatory Measurements of Illuminance and Spectral Composition That Can Be Used for Assessing Light Exposure in Real Working Environments2019In: LEUKOS The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, ISSN 1550-2724, E-ISSN 1550-2716, Vol. 15, no 2-3, p. 181-194Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Reliable measurements are of utmost importance when investigating the relationship between light and human reactions. The aim of the present study was to compare two methods for measuring light exposure in real working environments. Ambulatory recordings of illuminance and irradiance were compared with static field measurements of horizontal illuminance at the normal working position, average horizontal illuminance in the room, vertical illuminance at the position of the eye in the normal angle of gaze, and spectral composition of the light radiation at the normal working position and at the position of the eye in the normal angle of gaze. The ambulatory measurements were carried out during a 3-day experimental period and were repeated monthly throughout the year. The static field measurements in the subjects’ offices were conducted five times during the year, in the morning and afternoon during one day. The relationship between the illuminances and irradiances measured with the portable instruments and the static measurements was statistically analyzed. Results from the analyses revealed that more than one third of the static measurements of vertical illuminances recorded were below 200 lx, and only 7% of the measurements exceeded 1000 lx. Measurements of the spectral composition of the light radiation in the rooms suggested that the light, although at a fairly low intensity, included relatively much radiation that can have a non-image forming effect. Furthermore, only a small number of significant correlations between the ambulatory and static measurements were found. Results from the t-tests showed that there were no differences between ambulatory measurements, and static measurements of horizontal illuminance at the normal position, average illuminance in the room and vertical illuminance at the position of the eye during three, five, and seven of the 10 measurements, respectively. There is a need to define appropriate parameters in order to describe the quality of a lit environment with respect to the non-image-forming effects of light radiation.

  • 12.
    Adamsson, Mathias
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Laike, Thorbjörn
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Morita, Takeshi
    Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka, Japan.
    Seasonal variation in bright daylight exposure, mood and behavior among a group of office workers in Sweden2018In: Journal of Circadian Rhythms, E-ISSN 1740-3391, Vol. 16, article id 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the study was to investigate seasonal variation in mood and behavior among a group of office workers in Sweden (56°N). Thirty subjects participated in this longitudinal study. The subjects kept a weekly log that included questionnaires for ratings of psychological wellbeing and daily sleep-activity diaries where they also noted time spent outdoors. The lighting conditions in the offices were subjectively evaluated during one day, five times over the year. There was a seasonal variation in positive affect and in sleep-activity behavior. Across the year, there was a large variation in the total time spent outdoors in daylight. The subjects reported seasonal variation concerning the pleasantness, variation and strength of the light in the offices and regarding the visibility in the rooms. Finally, the subjects spent most of their time indoors, relying on artificial lighting, which demonstrates the importance of the lighting quality in indoor environments. 

  • 13.
    Adamsson, Mathias
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Petersson, Mikael
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Aries, Myriam
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    A holistic approach for a natural light variation experience: a pilot study of a practical application for office lighting2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Lighting is crucial for vision and has important effects beyond vision, influencing a variety of physiological and behavioral processes. When designing lighting, visual aspects, effects beyond vision, and perception of the environment should be considered together in a holistic approach. As humans evolved under daylight, a lighting protocol, based on a room context and daylight characteristics, was developed and described. The lighting, with customized light levels, spectral composition and light distribution that changed dynamically to evoke a perception of daylight conditions, was realized using commercially available luminaires and a digital control system. The resulting lighting conditions are described by measurements.

  • 14.
    Adlemo, Anders
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Department of Computer Science and Informatics.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Conway, Patrick L. J.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Materials and Manufacturing.
    Hansen, Åsa
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Physics and Mathematics and Chemical Engineering.
    Rico-Cortez, Marisol
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Industrial Product Development, Production and Design.
    Hybrid education: A critical review into challenges and opportunities2023In: Proceedings of the International CDIO Conference, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet , 2023, p. 857-865Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Hybrid education is a complex combination of simultaneous face-to-face and online teaching. This model of teaching comes with a wide range of benefits, primarily being able to offer the same content to a wider audience. Hybrid education became an effective form of teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. In these post pandemic years, the benefit of hybrid education can still be utilized, allowing for improved flexibility in teaching schedules, engaging students in interactive learning, bringing online students closer to the teacher and face-to-face students, and offering education to students who could not otherwise participate. However, with all the benefits of hybrid education, there are some significant challenges which restrict the implementation or hinder the full potential of hybrid education. Some key challenges are student engagement from the online students with the teacher as well as with other students, technological requirements, physical classroom set-up, education of the teachers, and time investment in re-structuring courses. In this article, we review the challenges of hybrid education, strategies to address these challenges focusing on implementation and effectiveness, as well as evaluating student feedback from students at Jönköping University that have been a part of hybrid education. 

  • 15.
    Afza, Zukhrook
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Förstå BIM acceptans i ett utvecklingsland sammanhang: Fallet med Bangladesh's första BIM konsultverksamhet2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 16.
    Ahlander, Alfred
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Ekroth, Pontus
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Kommunikationsmodell för APD-plan vid användning av materialrutor och gångstråk2017Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: On-site construction is a complicated process. A temporary factory, with new zones for materials and workplace area must be established for each new project, which complicates the process further. Material management stands for a big saving opportunity in building projects and 40 % of the time lost on a construction site can be attributed to material management.  To overcome this waste connected to material management a well-processed logistics planning, god communication as well as experience feedback from previous projects is required. The aim for this thesis is therefore to identify improvement measure regarding the use of material-dedicated buffer zones and walking paths, and as well as create a model of communication that supports experience feedback.

    Method The thesis is a case study on two projects within the organization of NCC.  A qualitative data collection with literature review, interviews, document analysis and observation has been conducted. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted and includes seven respondents with different position within the construction industry.

    Findings: The thesis has produced factors that should be taken into consideration when material zones and walking paths are planned. The result shows that resources and structured processes are required if experience feedback should work during the construction project. To succeed with the use of material-dedicated buffer zones and walking paths, good communication of the construction site plan is needed. Furthermore, the thesis has resulted in a model of communication that supports experience feedback.  

    Implications: It’s during the purchase and delivery planning that the conditions for the material-dedicated buffer zones and walking paths are set, therefore the construction site planning should be involved more in this phase. A prerequisite for using dedicated material zones and walking paths are resources which supports the construction management with planning and performance. By using logistic resources within the organization facilitates planning and management of material at the construction site, enables that collected experience can be conveyed between projects. In the production there should be a responsible receiver of material deliveries, who is extra briefed in the constructions site plan and the material-dedicated buffer zones through continuous communication with the construction management and logistic resource.

    Limitations: Since the thesis only includes two building projects, there is a limitation of the factors and arguments that are treated. Although the result is based on two building projects the fundamental processes and course of events are similar and can therefore be applied on other building projects. 

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  • 17.
    Ahlberg, Oskar
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Hultgren, Patrik
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    KL-träbyggnad utan heltäckande väderskydd - Ett mer fuktsäkert förfarande2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to produce a template for how to design CLT buildings moisture-safer and to make recommendations for a moisture-safe working method. CLT is a new building material where there is a need for standardization to meet the requirements and recommendations that exist. Greater consideration needs to be given to moisture in order for people's hygiene and health not to be affected.

    Method: By collecting data using a case study of a multi-story house in CLT, material handling as well as design of framework and weather protection are shown. Design of framework appears through document analysis of design documents for three CLT house projects. Furthermore, the industry's approach and experience are disclosed through interviews of people with different subject-relevant knowledge.

    Findings: By, in the early design stage, prioritizing moisture safety for both construction- and use stages the risk of moisture-related problems is reduced. Furthermore, it should be continuously and jointly worked with moisture safety between disciplines in the project. Building components to take special account of and measures to do this are presented as well as recommendations for a more moisture-proof working method.

    Implications: The results of the study should be a complement to ByggaF, this is because the result specifically addresses CLT. Through implementation, the hope is that the result will reduce the risk of moisture-related problems in CLT buildings. Furthermore, higher requirements should be set on moisture safety in CLT construction, as the result of the current working method is unknown and the precautionary principle should be applied.

    Limitations: The study's result, in form of the design template that is generated, are mainly applicable to architects and designers as only the framework is investigated. The result is generally applicable for new-construction of multi-story buildings in CLT which are constructed in Sweden. Furthermore, measures to reduce the risk of moisture-related problems are being investigated and does not refer to people's influence by microbial growth.

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    KL-TRÄBYGGNAD UTAN HELTÄCKANDE VÄDERSKYDD - Ett mer fuktsäkert förfarande
  • 18.
    Ahlgren, Ahlgren
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering. Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Ekblad, Alexander
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering. Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Förvaltande byggherrars inställning till BIM2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 19.
    Ahmad, Hudallah
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Ulfvengren, Julia
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    LCA-SIMULERING FÖR EN MODULBYGGNAD GENOM FYRA OLIKA LIVSCYKLER2019Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: There is a severe housing shortage in Sweden, with a deficiency of schools and preschools. At the same time, carbon dioxide emission is measuring higher than ever and the realization of environmental crisis is clear. The building sector is responsible a high percentage of carbon dioxide emissions. Calculation for the climate impact can be implemented through life cycle assessment (LCA), directives are requested on how to build through an LCA perspective. The study investigates modular buildings that constitute an efficient and flexible way of managing the building shortage. The aim of this research was to get answers from an ecologically sustainable perspective to what provides more advantageous to process modules when the time- limited building permit expires and a module is needed somewhere else, with or without extra isolation.

    Method: A quantitative methodology was used to accomplish the aim. The climate impact of four different types of lifecycles simulates by using the software Anavitor. Other methods used for data acquisition was document analysis, calculation of specific energy use and transmission loss.  

    Findings: The results present advantageous choices for stakeholders to pick after the time-limited building permits expire and a new module is demanded at another place. The study shows that less carbon dioxide emission is produced when reusing the module rather than demolish and produce a new module. Energy savings can be made which reduces the total climate impact of the module that are additionally insulated. 

    Implications: The conclusion the group could deduct was that the production and manufacturing stage has a significant impact on the total climate impact that a renovation and non-manufacturing scenario is always more advantageous. By adding additionell isolation savings on total carbon dioxide emission can be made despite increased material use.  

    Limitations: The results are limited to a life cycle assessment based on a module’s envelope as the interior and technical equipment is the same for all scenarios. The study was based on a standard module in which the equipment has no effect on the results. The result was initially specific, but with the help of calculation of the breakpoint for independent transport distances, a general validity could be given. 

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    LCA-SIMULERING FÖR EN MODULBYGGNAD GENOM FYRA OLIKA LIVSCYKLER
  • 20.
    Ahmad, Rojin
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Selmani, Antigona
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Arbetsmotivationens påverkan på kvaliteten på flerbostadshus2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Several studies show that work motivation in a workplace affects the individual's ability to perform and this may result in construction errors such as unnecessary economical costs and additional work hours. The aim of this study is to investigate the link between construction errors and work motivation as well as its impact on the quality of an apartment building. Method: To complete the objective of this study literature studies, questionnaires and interviews were conducted. The literature study includes scientific articles, doctoral dissertations and encyclopedias. These are taken from, among other things, the university library databases. The surveys consist of 21 questions based on Herzberg's two-factor theory. The interviews are semi-structured and the questions are based on the results of the survey. Findings: The results show that the link between work motivation and construction errors depends on knowledge, experience, commitment, stress and time shortage, communication, chord, salary, benefits and lack of leadership. In the construction companies that were included in this study, there is a lack of motivation among professionals, and the reasons for this are mainly due to benefits from the company and chord wages. The building-related consequences that result from motivation decline prove to be economical and time-consuming. The economic consequences show huge error costs. The time suggests that errors and shortcomings in homes lead to additional working hours in order to correct the errors that occurred during the production period. Restrictions: The study includes ongoing housing projects in Jönköping where supervisors and occupational workers are current. Question one is generally answered when it is not considered corporate, as is the last question. Issue two, on the other hand, only applies to these investigated projects.

  • 21.
    Ahmadi-Naghadeh, Reza
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Liu, Tingfa
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Vinck, Ken
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Jardine, Richard J.
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Kontoe, Stavroula
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Byrne, Byron W.
    Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    McAdam, Ross A.
    Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    A laboratory characterisation of the response of intact chalk to cyclic loading2022In: Geotechnique, ISSN 0016-8505, E-ISSN 1751-7656Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper reports the cyclic behaviour of chalk, which has yet to be studied comprehensively. Multiple undrained high-resolution cyclic triaxial experiments on low-to-medium density intact chalk, along with index and monotonic reference tests, define the conditions under which either thousands of cycles could be applied without any deleterious effect, or failure can be provoked under specified numbers of cycles. Intact chalk’s response is shown to differ from that of most saturated soils tested under comparable conditions. While chalk can be reduced to putty by severe two-way displacement-controlled cycling, its behaviour proved stable and nearly linear visco-elastic over much of the one-way, stress controlled, loading space examined, with stiffness improving over thousands of cycles, without loss of undrained shear strength. However, in cases where cyclic failure occurred, the specimens showed little sign of cyclic damage before cracking and movements on discontinuities lead to sharp pore pressure reductions, non-uniform displacements and the onset of brittle collapse. Chalk’s behaviour resembles the fatigue response of metals, concretes and rocks, where micro-shearing or cracking initiates on imperfections that generate stress concentrations; the experiments identify the key features that must be captured in any representative cyclic loading model.

  • 22.
    Ahmed, Mohamed
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Hassan Abdi, Nasteho
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Kommunernas planering och arbete med översvämningsrisker i lågstråk vid befintlig bebyggelse2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Many cities in Sweden have many low points in their terrain and areaffected by heavy rain. Urban sprawl often exacerbates the problem by increasing theamount of paved surfaces while reducing available land for stormwater treatment. Thismeans that stormwater flows that need to be managed can be very heavy and drainquickly. It is therefore important that cities achieve long-term sustainable stormwatermanagement that can cope with current and future climate change. This report willexamine how Karlstad and Växjö municipalities are working and planning for theincreased risk of stormwater and study the different solutions currently in use.

    Method: This report began with a literature study to deepen knowledge and get a goodbase. In order to answer the research questions, two case studies and three interviewswere conducted with respondents from the Water and Wastewater Departments ofVäxjö and Karlstad Municipality. One expert was also interview. Document analysiswas then carried out based on the plan description, sustainability index and thestormwater study in order to obtain as comprehensive material as possible.

    Results: The planning and work started with the preparation of a flood mapping and afirst impact assessment. No full action plan has been prepared by the consultedmunicipalities. In order to start the work, Karlstad will employ a rainfall coordinator.Most common solutions used in municipalities are treatment ponds, levellingreservoirs, street management and renewal of the sewerage and stormwater system. Aspecial solution in Växjö is the reduction of stormwater tax. Location, knowledge, laws,time and the cooperation of the water department with property owners and otherdepartments in the municipality are important elements that influence theimplementation of different solutions.

    Analysis: From the results it can be concluded that the municipalities are working andplanning well with the increased risk of rainfall in low-lying areas. However, morework can be done by producing an action plan adapted to these areas. The solutionapplied depends on a number of factors. These factors are adding safety factors tostormwater facilities and increasing the capacity of the pipeline system. The work iscontinued through good cooperation the different technical facilities in themunicipalities but also property owners as it often leads to a good and carefullyprepared solution. The municipalities explain that using cost-effective solutions isimportant because the funding comes from the water and wastewater departments tax.It is speculated that a change in the law allowing the water and wastewater departmentto receive funding for stormwater measures would have minimized flood risks.

    Discussion: The results are considered useful because the municipalities can learn fromeach other's planning and work as well as help each other in developing sustainablestormwater solutions. The result promotes a better understanding of the factorsunderlying the chosen solutions. The generalization of the results can be questioned asit is site-specific. However, it can be applied because it increases understanding of howto address a similar problem in another location or municipality. 

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  • 23.
    Akdogan, Sibel
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Fherm, Marcus
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Indigenisera begreppet hållbarhet hos byggföretagen2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Today's society is constantly moving towards a more conscious and committed attitude about working increasingly sustainable. To ensure that the construction industry with both major environmental and societal impact is involved, there are standardized legal requirements and environmental certifications that need to be met by the construction companies. The purpose of the study is therefore to investigate factors for how medium-sized construction companies can best implement sustainability work. The aim of this qualitative study is to focus on ecological and economic sustainability as well as how construction companies can implement increased sustainability work in their daily work. The study was conducted at a medium-sized construction company in the Jönköping area.

    Method: The methods used in this study are proven methods such as literature study, interview study and document observations for data collection. The literature study is used as a bedrock for the interview study and document observation since the early literature study is used as a preliminary study in the subject. Interviews and document analysis are applied to provide information where there is lack of knowledge.

    Results: After the methods have been applied, it is evident that the sustainability work is only applied according to legal requirements when no higher demands are made by the client or the company. The construction company have abstract goals that are difficult to interpret by the recipient, the employee. It is also shown that the knowledge among employees is low and the perceived amount of training in sustainability in the company is low. The case company has no designated "sustainability officer", questions and suggestions can be emailed to an email address, but there is no clear procedure for how these suggestions should be dealt with.

    Consequences: The sustainability work has been passive; the present state is based on the absence of sustainability requirements from the permanent organization. The need of more clear goals and concrete descriptions of how to meet the goals are also needed. There are also no requirements from the permanent project organization. There are rarely requirements from the client, which means that the sustainability work is often only applied to the extent of time and with the site manager's own set requirements and goals. The knowledge about sustainability is thin among the employees concerned, which has meant that own decisions regarding sustainable choices could not be made and possibly affected the commitment to the construction company. Employees felt that it needed fewer choices, clear routines and requirements regarding sustainability work.

    Limitations: The study focuses on ecological and economic sustainability; social sustainability has been excluded as it affects people's conditions in society. In this study, ecological sustainability will not be specified, the study will research commitment and important parameters to successfully sustainability work. The exact direction that the company should take, or has taken, will not be determined in this study. 

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    Indigenisera begreppet hållbarhet hos byggföretagen
  • 24.
    Akıner, İ.
    et al.
    Akdeniz Univ, Fac Architecture, Dept Architecture, TR-07058 Antalya, Turkey.
    Yitmen, Ibrahim
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Akıner, M. E.
    Akdeniz Univ, Vocat Sch Tech Sci, TR-07058 Antalya, Turkey.
    Akıner, N.
    Akdeniz Univ, Fac Commun, Dept Radio TV & Film, TR-07058 Antalya, Turkey.
    The memetic evolution of latin american architectural design culture2021In: Buildings, E-ISSN 2075-5309, Vol. 11, no 7, article id 288Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Architecture is an evolutionary field. Through time, it changes and adapts itself according to two things: the environment and the user, which are the touchstones of the concept of culture. Culture changes in long time intervals because of its cumulative structure, so its effects can be observed on a large scale. A nation displays itself with its culture and uses architecture as a tool to convey its cultural identity. This dual relationship between architecture and culture can be observed at various times and in various lands, most notably in Latin American designers. The geographical positions of Latin American nations and their political situations in the twentieth century leads to the occurrence of a recognizable cultural identity, and it influenced the architectural design language of that region. The nonlinear forms in architecture were once experienced commonly around Latin America, and this design expression shows itself in the designers’ other works through time and around the world. The cultural background of Latin American architecture investigated within this study, in terms of their design approach based upon the form and effect of Latin American culture on this architectural design language, is examined with the explanation of the concept of culture by two leading scholars: Geert Hofstede and Richard Dawkins. This paper nevertheless puts together architecture and semiology by considering key twentieth century philosophers and cultural theorist methodologies. Cultural theorist and analyst Roland Barthes was the first person to ask architects to examine the possibility of bringing semiology and architectural theory together. Following an overview of existing semiological conditions, this paper analyzed Roland Barthes and Umberto Eco’s hypothesis of the semiological language of architectural designs of Latin American designers by examining their cultural origin. The work’s findings express the historical conditions that enabled the contemporary architecture and culture study of Latin America between 1945 and 1975 to address the “Latin American model” of architectural modernism.

  • 25.
    Al Masalmeh, Omar
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Al Kass Youssef, Daoud
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    En numerisk analys av olika scenarier som påverkar släntstabiliteten för en del av projekt Lappen 19 i Munksjöstaden2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 26.
    Alashkar, Zeen
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Andersson, Stephanie
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Vägnätsanalys i Jönköping: Fokus på cykelvägarna2018Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: In a world with an increased awareness of the harm caused by traffic to the environment and health, it is preferable that more people choose cycling instead of driving. The purpose of this work is to create an attractive city environment for cyclists which will give a greater sense of security and leading to more people considering the use of bicycles. Method: The methods chosen to make the analysis is to check the demands and recommendations from Trafikverket, moreover make observations according to Mini Cycleability Index in order to see if the West Center of Jönköping is attractive to cyclists. Geographical Information systems has been used as a method for data collection and analysis. At last an interview was held with Jönköping municipality to discover what future plans they have regarding the studied area and how relevant the plans are with the findings of this research. Further purpose of the interview with the municipality was to see how they perform a road-network analysis and obtain an opinion on the analysis performed in this paper. Findings: The results show that the road system in Jönköping West Center has roads of shifting qualities. The grades have been split into three; great, good and poor. Great being the highest grade and poor the lowest. The three qualities of roads do exist within the area, however the poor roads appear to be more frequent than the others. The evaluation system is built upon how well the roads perform in the categories: space, safety and continuity. Implications: The conclusion of this work is that there are several roads as graded poor within the area that need to be considered for reconstruction to create an attractive area for cyclists. In the area the results showed that the roads graded as great mostly runs from north to south and few exists from east to west. Due to this it is difficult to bike within the area as the connectivity between the great graded roads are lacking. Limitations: The investigation is limited to the choice of the area (Jönköping West Center) and the aspects analyzed which are safety, space and continuity. Due to the time aspect further limitations on data collection has come, where a measurement of cyclists and a survey could have been useful to do. In order to suit the Cycleability index with the choice of area and the methods available to use, there has been a reduction of the amount categories evaluated

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  • 27.
    Alatalo, Juha M.
    et al.
    Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
    Jägerbrand, Annika K.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Chen, Shengbin
    College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China.
    Sun, Shou-Qin
    Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, China.
    Molau, Ulf
    Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Bryophyte cover and richness decline after 18 years of experimental warming in Alpine SwedenManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    1. Bryophytes in the Arctic and Alpine regions are important in terms of biodiversity, cover and biomass. However, climate change and widespread shrubification of alpine and arctic tundra is predicted to increase in the future, with potentially large impacts on bryophyte communities.

    2. We studies the impact of 18 years of experimental warming with open top chambers (OTCs) on bryophyte cover, richness and diversity in an alpine mesic meadow and a heath plant community in Northern Sweden. In addition we investigated the relationship between deciduous shrubs and bryophytes.

    3. Cover and richness of bryophytes both declined due to long-term warming, while diversity did not show any significant responses. After 18 years, bryophyte cover had decreased by 71% and 26 in the heath and meadow, while richness declined by 39% and 26%, respectively.

    4. Synthesis. Decline in total bryophyte cover in both communities in response to long-term warming was driven by a general decline in many species, with only two individual species showing significant declines. Although most of the species included in the individual analyses did not show any detectable changes, the cumulative change in all species was significant. In addition, species loss was slower than the general decline in bryophyte abundance. As hypothesized, we found significant negative relationship between deciduous shrub cover and bryophyte cover, but not bryophyte richness, in both plant communities. This is likely due to a more delayed decline in species richness compared to abundance, similar to what was observed in response to long-term warming.

  • 28.
    Albunayah, Razan
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    C Lindén, Sofia
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    PERCEIVED BRIGHTNESS OF COLORED LIGHT: A study about the perceived brightness of near-monochromatic light in comparison to neutral white light2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Recently, there has been a notable rise in the use of colored lighting for both indoor andoutdoor spaces. This trend necessitates a clear understanding of the principles behindselecting lighting levels that are both ergonomic and energy efficient. The objective ofthis study was to establish guidelines for planning colored light. An experiment wasconducted where the perceived brightness of three different near-monochromatic lightswere compared to white light. The stimuli covered a narrow visual field. 33 personsaged 18-40Y participated. Through the measurement of the participants' perception ofthe amount of colored light required -to achieve the same level of brightness as withwhite light- the study was able to determine a percentage-based relationship betweencolored and white light. The result showed that there were clear differences in theperceived brightness of the different colored lights, in line with earlier research withsimilar conditions. This implicates that the results may be used as a foundation whenplanning colored light.

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  • 29.
    Algan, Tezel
    et al.
    School of Art, Design and Architecture, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK.
    Pedro, Febrero
    CEO, Bityond Inc., Avenida Duque d’Ávila, Lisboa, Portugal.
    Eleni, Papadonikolaki
    Bartlett School of Construction and Project Management, University College London, London, UK.
    Yitmen, Ibrahim
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Insights into Blockchain Implementation in Construction: Models for Supply Chain Management2021In: Journal of Management in Engineering, ISSN 0742-597X, E-ISSN 1943-5479, Vol. 37, no 4Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The interest in the implementation of distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) is on the rise in the construction sector. One specific type of DLT that has recently attracted much attention is blockchain. Blockchain has been mostly discussed conceptually for construction to date. This study presents some empirical discussions on supply chain management (SCM) applications of blockchain for construction by collecting feedback for three blockchain-based models: project bank accounts (PBAs) for payments, reverse auction–based tendering for bidding, and asset tokenization for project financing. The feedback was collected from three focus groups and a workshop. The working prototypes for the models were developed on Ethereum. The implementation of blockchain in payment arrangements was found to be simpler than in tendering and project tokenization workflows. However, the blockchain integration of those workflows may have large-scale impacts on the sector in the future. A broad set of general and model-specific benefits/opportunities and requirements/challenges was also identified for blockchain in construction. Some of these include streamlined, transparent transactions and rational trust building, and the need for challenging the sector culture, upscaling the legacy information technology (IT) systems, and compliance with the regulatory structures.

  • 30.
    Ali, Rebaz
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    One design is not adaptable to all: an exploration of technology developers’ assumptions in relation to the user organization2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    BIM is defined as promising development concerning the way buildings are designed and constructed. However, since it may be a bit misleading to emphasize the BIM implementation, the focus should rather be concerning the implementation of different BIM tools. Consequently, it is essential to further study the technology and its interaction with user organization. Objective: The purpose of this work is to investigate the interaction between the technology and user in order to identify the adaptation of technology and organization for technology development and changed routines in the user organization. Method(s): A case study has been adopted on an ongoing project in order to increase the understanding of the existing technology. Moreover, this is done through eleven semi structured interviews with respondents from one of the large sized contractors in Sweden as well as a technology developer company within the production phase. The data from the interviews was coded and thematically analyzed. Results: The result indicates that the developers' assumptions do not fulfill the user's needs and rather independent adaptation must be accomplished. Conclusions: From the conducted interviews in the case study, the conclusion follows that a need for improvement potential from the technology is required in order to further streamline the work process and achieve full potential. 

  • 31.
    Ali, Rebaz
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Alshami, Ahmed
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Sättningar i torvmaterialet: En fallstudie om användning av förstärkningsmetoden "förbelastning i form av överlast" på jordmaterial av torv2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The aim of this degree project is to control the set-up for a longer period by means of the workplace at the use of the total station for then comparing calculated outcomes with real outcomes.

    Method: A combination of both quantitative and qualitative studies have been used in this degree project, consisting of literature studies and a case study including interviews, document analyzes, site visits and measurements. The case study is based on an ongoing project in the municipality of Nassjo, where a skate park is constructed and whose soil consists of peat. Preload in the form of overload has been applied.

    Findings: The result indicates the occurrence of a difference between calculated outcome and actual outcome regarding set rate and time course when using preload in the form of overload. The deviation is about 20 cm. Preload in the form of overload is a good method for peat land, but it is unlikely to be remarkably improved by vertical drainage.

    Implications: In view of the measurements produced by the authors, this shows that the method of loading in the form of overload on peat field works, however, gives the calculation model which has been used to be uncertain. The result described in more detail regarding vertical drainage on peat fields will not accelerate the process because the peat is already well drained. This means that it will cost extra without benefiting from the method.

    Limitations: The work has limited to two reinforcement methods on peat fields. A case study has been limited to only one area. There was preload in the form of overload, whose soil material consists of peat.

    Keywords: Peat, Permeability, Preloading in the form of overload, settlements, total station, vertical drainage, water quota.

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    Sättningar i torvmaterialet
  • 32.
    Alizadehsalehi, Sepehr
    et al.
    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.
    Yitmen, Ibrahim
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Digital twin-based progress monitoring management model through reality capture to extended reality technologies (DRX)2023In: Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, ISSN 2046-6099, E-ISSN 2046-6102, Vol. 12, no 1, p. 200-236Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    The purpose of this research is to develop a generic framework of a digital twin (DT)-based automated construction progress monitoring through reality capture to extended reality (RC-to-XR).

    Design/methodology/approach

    IDEF0 data modeling method has been designed to establish an integration of reality capturing technologies by using BIM, DTs and XR for automated construction progress monitoring. Structural equation modeling (SEM) method has been used to test the proposed hypotheses and develop the skill model to examine the reliability, validity and contribution of the framework to understand the DRX model's effectiveness if implemented in real practice.

    Findings

    The research findings validate the positive impact and importance of utilizing technology integration in a logical framework such as DRX, which provides trustable, real-time, transparent and digital construction progress monitoring.

    Practical implications

    DRX system captures accurate, real-time and comprehensive data at construction stage, analyses data and information precisely and quickly, visualizes information and reports in a real scale environment, facilitates information flows and communication, learns from itself, historical data and accessible online data to predict future actions, provides semantic and digitalize construction information with analytical capabilities and optimizes decision-making process.

    Originality/value

    The research presents a framework of an automated construction progress monitoring system that integrates BIM, various reality capturing technologies, DT and XR technologies (VR, AR and MR), arraying the steps on how these technologies work collaboratively to create, capture, generate, analyze, manage and visualize construction progress data, information and reports.

  • 33.
    Alizadehsalehi, Sepehr
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science. Civil Engineering Department, Eastern Mediterranean University, Turkey.
    Yitmen, Ibrahim
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science. Civil Engineering Department, Eastern Mediterranean University, Turkey.
    Celik, Tolga
    Civil Engineering Department, Eastern Mediterranean University, Turkey.
    Arditi, David A.
    Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, United States.
    The effectiveness of an integrated BIM/UAV model in managing safety on construction sites2020In: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, ISSN 1080-3548, E-ISSN 2376-9130, Vol. 26, no 4, p. 829-844Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction. A variety of approaches exist to achieve better construction safety performance, but only a few consider a combination of building information modeling (BIM) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

    Method. This article presents a four-dimensional (4D) BIM/UAV-enabled safety management model based on IDEF0 language. In the first step, potential hazards are identified with the help of safety specialists’ experiences and BIM software used in the design of the structure. Then, a UAV monitors the location of the potential hazards. The third step involves the integration of the 4D BIM-based model and the information obtained from the UAV. Finally, the combined data are analyzed and interpreted, and site safety staff are notified about measures to be put in place to prevent accidents.

    Results. This model shows a strong relationship between the design and construction phases by using BIM in the design phase and UAVs in the construction phase. The proposed safety model was evaluated by construction safety specialists in a two-pronged approach.

    Conclusion. The number of fatal, non-fatal and property damage-causing accidents may be significantly lower when the proposed system was used.

    Practical application. This model allows safety specialists to identify hazards and develop suitable mitigation strategies. 

  • 34.
    Al-maliki, Zainab
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Baross, Wanessa
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Post Occupancy Evaluation of Estero de San Miguel Pilot Project2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    Introduction: This thesis focuses on the housing situation and sustainability in Manila, the capital of the Philippines. According to a report by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, approximately 25% of Manila's population resides in substandard living conditions and informal settlements. The thesis is based on a case study conducted on the Estero De San Miguel pilot project, where a Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) study was carried out on the housing project. The findings revealed that relocating people from slums to the housing project and providing them with a home led to an improvement in the quality of life and sustainability in the project area. The aim of the study was to conduct a POE and assess the quality of life and identify areas for improvement in future low-budget projects.

    Method: The research methods are based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Interviews were conducted with architects and other key individuals involved in the project. Surveys were administered to residents, and personal observations were made regarding the quality of life. Plan analysis and area analysis were also conducted.

    Results: The case study resulted in answers obtained through surveys administered to the residents in the area and interviews with key personnel involved in the project, providing responses to the research questions.

    Analysis: The Estero De San Miguel Pilot Project (EDSM) has made a significant impact on improving the quality of life and sustainability within the project area. Previously, informal settlements were typically reconstructed outside the city center, resulting in limited access to employment, education, and social services. The residents lived in poverty within these informal settlements, with their needs neglected by both society and the government. Since relocating to the EDSM housing project, 72% of the residents have experienced notable improvements in their lives. This project has provided them with an opportunity to enhance their quality of life and foster a stronger, more supportive community.

    Discussion: The method, with its specific limitations, in this case study yields results that align with the study's purpose and thereby addresses the research question of the thesis. There is a strong correlation between the findings and the theoretical framework.

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  • 35.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science. Jönköping university.
    Blending Human Ware with Software and Hardware in the Design of Smart Cities2022In: Sustainable Smart Cities: A vision for tomorrow / [ed] Prof. Amjad Almusaed Ph.D, UK: InTech, 2022Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sustainable innovation entails realizing society-oriented value creation in an environment-friendly manner. A smart city can be viewed as a holistic paradigm that avails of state-of-the-art information and communication technologies (ICTs, in other words) to advance the so-called “Internet of Things.” This aids the management of urban processes and improves the quality of life for the citizens. Smart cities are bound to keep getting “smarter” as the ICTs keep developing. While the technological factor represented by the IoT, augmented and virtual reality, artificial intelligence, urban digital twinning, cloud computing, and mobile Internet is a driving factor unarguably, innovation in urban ecology is a vital socio-economic factor that will spur the transformation of urban areas in the world to smart cities. In this chapter, the authors answer the “what,” how, and “who,” so to say, of the paradigm—smart cities—with real-life examples and a case study. They emphasize the importance of human ware and remind readers that technology—the all-encompassing Internet of Things with its infantry of cameras, sensors, and electronic devices—though powerful, is a humble servant in the service of the inhabitants of a smart city.

  • 36.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Effective thermal insulation - the operative factor of a passive building model2012Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This book has been written to present elementary practical and efficient applications in saving energy concept, as well as propose a solitary action for this category of topics. The book aims to illustrate various methods in treatment the concept of thermal insulation such as processes and the attempt to build an efficient passive building model.

  • 37.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Introductory chapter: A general reading process on landscape architecture2018In: Landscape architecture - the sense of places, models and applications / [ed] Amjad Almusaed, London: IntechOpen , 2018, p. 3-22Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    From introductory paragraph: Landscape architecture is a multidisciplinary of different fields of knowledge that combines various artistic, technical, and scientific sphere aspects such as visual arts, design, descriptive geometry, history and architecture theory, urbanism, fundamental notions of botany, pedagogy, hydrology, sociology, economics, and so on. It supports a clear combination between designing and managing according to certain principles and techniques of external functional spaces in which human activities will take place, where the activity of the landscape architect addresses both urban and rural environments, irrespective of its jurisdiction (private or public).

  • 38.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Introductory chapter: Overview on grass topic2017In: Grasses - benefits, diversities and functional roles, London: IntechOpen , 2017, , p. 168p. 3-10Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A regulate analysis of the connotation of the word “environment” in the sustainability explains clear circumstances of a being or thing (social, economic, and physical). Moreover, the meaning covers the systematization of the environment upon the physical process. The environment in a broad sense also contains all the natural and artificial factors of the physical, chemical, biological, and social nature in which a human being is a factor motor of community that develops. The importance of maintaining a steady state, the human relationship, and its living environment requires an ability to control the environment in an optimal arrangement of ecological balance. For creating a competent urban zoning, it is necessary to state that green areas in general and grass in special require a delimitation based on a unitary structure of territory structure organized. It has to be created by successive stages (valuable parts), which in the functional aspect consists of areas characteristic of the dominant aspect, the weight of one of the functions, or a greater diversity of the functions, mono-functional multifunctional space [1]. Grasses in the planted area (as a functional urban area) are shaped to serve the specific areas for beauty or recreational purpose. The grasslands have an esthetic function, which can be presented by

    • An essential element to highlight architectural objects
    • A significant decorative value (by shape or color)
  • 39.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Landscape architecture - the sense of places, models and applications2018Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This book is intended as both an introduction to the discipline for students of landscape architecture, architecture, and planning, and a source of continuing interest for more experienced environmental designers. The book offers various materials for landscape architects and other planning professionals. The book is divided into 4 parts and 17 chapters. Part I "Introduction to the Landscape Architecture Theme" is general reading on landscape architecture. Part II "Art's Replica and Landscape Architecture Model" includes three chapters. This part represents a theoretical and sensitive visual interpretation of landscape architecture. Part III "Sustainable Prototypes of a Contemporary Landscape Architecture" includes four chapters, with sustainability as a concept and guiding thought. Part IV "Landscape Architecture Around the World (Study Cases)" includes 9 chapters with many examples from different geographical practical cases.

  • 40.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Truong-Hong, Linh (Editor)
    Delft University of Technology.
    Sustainability in urban planning and design2020Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This book has been prepared to embody the major and efficient applications of the different duties and the role of sustainability in urban planning and design, by a new reading of the city structure and composition, as well as offering a solid and clear concept for this kind of science. The book aims to illustrate various theories and methods of the treatment of the modern ideas of metropolitan life. The book is divided into two parts and contains 23 chapters.

  • 41.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Alasadi, Asaad
    The University of Basrah, Department of Architecture Engineering, Basrah, Iraq.
    Almssad, Asaad
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad, Sweden.
    A Research on the Biophilic Concept upon School's Design from Hot Climate: A Case Study from Iraq2022In: Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, ISSN 1687-8434, E-ISSN 1687-8442, article id 7994999Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent years, there have been solid global trends and severe attempts by ministries of education in the world to improve the reality of educational institutions and schools through the design and construction of schools and educational systems that meet the requirements of the age by applying the concepts of sustainable and effective systems to the new generation. They called for a promising future and hence the need to activate the applications of the biophilic schools. The theme of the biophilic schools is closely related to the concept of sustainable environmental structures that deal with the surrounding natural environment with intimacy, which is one of the most important new methods of design and construction at present, where ecological challenges are powerfully evoked in the making of their design decisions. Biophilic schools are an essential part of a new concept that wants to design revolutionary educational systems with new economic outputs that are valuable but do not depart from the idea of sustainable schools in general. It represents an expression given to schools designed to be environmentally sensitive and healthy for their occupants and educational systems based on experience, humanity, and attraction. Indeed, many architects have begun to explore and develop new architectural designs linked with the concepts of biophilic schools. Through the researchers' awareness of the negative circumstance experienced by school buildings in Iraq and by investing in the recommendations of an applied field research, it was reached to crystallize the research problem represented in the obstacles that schools suffer from, which calls for the search for developmental solutions for an efficient educational environment, and in order to reach this goal, by informing researchers about new global experiences in this field, the research presented its hypothesis in choosing the model of biophilic schools that exist in many countries in the world, because of what it can provide from successful and fruitful educational and urban components. The researchers reached many conclusions and recommendations aimed at applying the research hypothesis and achieving its goals.

  • 42.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Almssad, Asaad
    Department of Construction Technology, Karlstad University, Sweden.
    City phenomenon between urban structure and composition2020In: Sustainability in urban planning and design / [ed] A. Almusaed, A. Almssad & L. Truong-Hong, London: IntechOpen , 2020Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Cities are not just a sum of buildings, but especially a set of social relations that their inhabitants develop. Cities are characterized by a wide variety of social groups and lifestyles. An urban composition represents a form of the city in which it gets a formal order, so that the shape of any urban ensemble is not linked to a random phenomenon, but to an intervention mastered and understood as such. For the city, the urban composition represents what the architectural composition represents for a building. This concept regarding the composition is common both to the architecture and to the city. The main property of the composition is that it transforms a possibly dispersed ensemble into a whole, resolving the contradictions that arise when the requirements and conditions of the project are numerous. Spatial forms and urban compositions are built over time, longer than that of architectural composition. On the other hand, “design of the urban environment” is understood by us as a complex formation of public spaces of the city, located on the ground floor level of the city building and ensuring the vital activity of the urban community. This chapter will study the city phenomenon on a large scale.

  • 43.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Almssad, AsaadKarlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Housing2018Collection (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This book is proposed as both a general reading of the discipline for students in architecture and urban planning, and offers a variety of materials for professionals of local and international organizations. It brings together studies with new perspectives and relevant subjects from different geographical areas. The book gathers the contributions of international researchers and experts. It is divided into three parts and eight chapters: Part I, "Introduction to Housing Affairs," includes a chapter that discusses a general reading of housing as meaning and action in social, economic, and environmental city life. Part II, "Case Studies Upon Housing Policies," includes four chapters. It consists of many examples from different geographical areas and domains. Part III, "Housing Quality and Affordability," includes three chapters; housing quality, sustainability, and development are the main subjects for this part.

  • 44.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science. Archcrea Institute, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Almssad, Asaad
    Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Improvement of thermal insulation by environmental means2012In: Effective thermal insulation - the operative factor of a passive building model / [ed] Amjad Almusaed, London: IntechOpen , 2012, , p. 114p. 3-22Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introductory paragraph: Insulation is a vital part of all contemporary buildings; it performs many functions, all of which influence the cost of the building and its operating cost. This component is essential to be positioned not only in the floors, walls, and ceilings of the buildings, but also using of other key technique to improve the insulating process (John F. Malloy 1969). There are many other ways, although one of the most vital way is using of vegetate buildings concept. 

  • 45.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Almssad, Asaad
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Introductory chapter: Housing policy matters2018In: Housing / [ed] Amjad Almusaed & Asaad Almssad, London: IntechOpen , 2018, , p. 174p. 3-18Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    From introductory paragraph: The family represents the first core of social life, which can be reflected by the architectural program throughout a house. The house was developed in time and place and was therefore socially and economically developed with the housing program. Current technology helps the housing program to get a different level of significant ways of manufacturing and designing structures. The house has followed a man through history. It is one of the man’s oldest and most long-lived cultural objects. They have been protected against the environment, and there are rooms for business and social life, capital investment, and symbolism. Home and house are concepts that are closely linked, where shape, function, and technology are so intertwined and meaningful that they do not quickly change themselves. Each discussion of health and the environment must be seen in this broader context, not as isolated technical or medical issues. This complexity is not only a difficulty but also an asset. Housing is the umbrella term for different types of accommodation in which one has temporary or permanent shelter to live, sleep, work, or relax. All kinds of homes, company buildings, schools, museums, and offices are covered below [1]. Also, it concerns the provision of such forms of accommodation by, for example, municipal and national authorities. The concept of the housing provides a host of basic human needs, particularly shelter, personal property, safety, and privacy. Permanent housing (“residence”) is also a prerequisite for full engagement of a person in society, so the state differently supports it. The housing industry deals with construction and architecture, urbanism, and housing sociology. In other arguments, the housing includes the entirety of institutions, activities, and arrangements for providing the population with housing. These include the housing stocks, the housing industry, state and municipal housing policies and households as consumers or consumers itself. It is one of the basic requirements of human communities, where every society has to create their arrangements to provide space and facilities for the lives of its members [2].

  • 46.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Almssad, Asaad
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Introductory chapter: Overview of a competent sustainable building2018In: Sustainable buildings - interaction between a holistic conceptual act and materials properties / [ed] Amjad Almusaed & Asaad Almssad, London: IntechOpen , 2018, , p. 180p. 3-16Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    From introductory paragraph: Between the human being and the protective building space, always a relationship with a reciprocal character a permanent arrangement, where the human being interest is to create the necessary poise to his different well-unfolded activities, under that cover as space. The building is a major element of human life. It is a major concern, a major purchase, and has a major effect upon our lives [1]. We spend over 90% of our time indoors. Today, the technological archetypes of the modern buildings are formed of a mixture of many components such as materials, energy, and construction configuration systems, which influence directly on human life and health. In marketing vision, architectural product being creations of the human work, a time-consuming good, as any other manufacture, it has not only to be produced but also to get the user’s disposal [2]. Although in sustainable design, the building becomes the system, subsystem should be examined. The climate has a solid impact on the conceptions of habitat forms and configuration of internal space [3]. While the holistic integration of systems is critical to sustainable building, every system within the system has its climatic advantage or disadvantage. The human being entered the third millennium without the hope of achieving permanent peace on our beautiful earth, sustainable development, and equality for all, where the earth is our sustainer, the chain of ecological survival. In the future, sustainable considerations will be a regular part of our basic beliefs and knowledge. Both of our norms and behavior as the physical environment must be automatically based on an environmentally balanced mind-set, not alone but along with many other considerations. Within planning, means that the green will be taken far to be more seriously that reuse of our cities will gain even more importance that green areas will be actively involved and that traffic patterns will be turned upside down.

  • 47.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Almssad, Asaad
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Introductory chapter: Overview of sustainable cities, theory and practices2019In: Sustainable cities - authenticity, ambition and dream / [ed] Amjad Almusaed & Asaad Almssad, London: IntechOpen , 2019, p. 3-22Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introductory paragraph: Human settlements are the result of the dynamic adaptation of the human community operating in a given territory in the conditions of social, economic and historical relations. The areas on which human settlements are located are distinguished by the components of the physical-geographic structure, by the diversity and by the potential natural conditions, as well as by the economic and social factors in which the human settlements appear and develop [1]. Human settlements represent the totality of human communities, villages and towns, regardless of their position, size and functions. Human settlement can be considered a geographic landscape integrated with the natural and social conditions necessary for the existence of housing, work and equipment (power supply, water, transport, communications, sanitation, etc.). Human settlement is a body of land known to be a regular form of property with a hearth on which communal and territorial attributes develop [2]. The term “locality” defines a human, rural or urban settlement, delimited according to the number of inhabitants, the nature of the built-up area, the degree of the social endowment, the technical-public amenities, the function, etc. Hence, human settlements or human habitat refers to some components such as population, construction, markets, streets, industrial platforms, recreation and recreation areas. Human settlements support the unity of natural, social, material, spiritual, cultural and organizational factors, including housing, labor, energy supply, communications, water, sanitation, services, social security, administration systems, cultural facilities, recreation, etc. [1]. The village is the oldest form of human habitation that presents ethnographic, historical, economic, social or urban characteristics. A village is a group of houses and people who are leaving their means of existence of a determined social space.

  • 48.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Almssad, Asaad
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Introductory chapter: Sustainable housing – Introduction to the thematic area: Introduction to the thematic area2022In: Sustainable housing / [ed] Amjad Almusaed & Asaad Almssad, London: IntechOpen , 2022, p. 3-10Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introductory paragraph: One of the most critical phenomena in the real estate sector to reduce the environmental impact and climate change is sustainable houses. “All nature strives for self-preservation,” said the philosopher Cicero. And residents of megalopolises, too, increasingly began to think about the future of cities and how to improve the environmental background around their place of residence. One of the most innovative urban developments in the twenty-first century is the design of buildings and entire neighborhoods in sustainable architecture. Ebenezer Howard, whose 1902 book was entitled Garden City of Tomorrow and whose political and social agenda has recently made a comeback [1]. The idea of sustainability involves enhancing the quality of life, thus allowing people to live in a healthy environment with improved social, economic, and environmental conditions [2]. In addition, this type of building facilitates the most respected lifestyle with the territory, reducing the ecological footprint.

  • 49.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Almssad, Asaad
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Lessons from the world sustainable housing (past experiences, current trends, and future strategies)2022In: Sustainable housing / [ed] Amjad Almusaed & Asaad Almssad, London: IntechOpen , 2022, p. 47-74Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The term vernacular architecture is widely accepted by architects and derives from the Latin “VERNACULUS”, which means “domestic, native, indigenous”, local. So vernacular architecture designates the entire culture built from a particular place. In modern housing design, the inheritance and development of traditional architectural culture is reflected in the inheritance of classic architectural forms and craftsmanship and the rational application of traditional building systems. With the progress of social civilization and the improvement of technological level, various innovative building systems emerge in an endless stream and are widely used in modern housing design. In today’s rapid social and economic development, housing changes are coming quickly, sometimes even seeming a bit rough. At present, more attention is paid to the construction of new residential areas. As far as the field of urban architecture is concerned, the human settlement environment can be understood explicitly as people’s living and living environment. Today architects need to design a settlement that balances all social functions between meeting current needs and future development, designing energy and material-saving buildings, so that it is in harmony with the environment, and is conducive to the physical and mental health of the human body. In other words, the planning process requires attention to human behavior, psychology, emotions, and interpersonal relationships.

  • 50.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science. Archcrea Institute, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Almssad, Asaad
    Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Passive and low energy housing by optimization2012In: Effective thermal insulation - the operative factor of a passive building model / [ed] Amjad Almusaed, London: IntechOpen , 2012, , p. 114p. 23-42Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introductory paragraph: The house is not only a roof, but also a home, the place where it is formed the moral climate and on which lasts the family spirit. UN has classified habitat settlements and identified 10 general functions that every habitat should have. (Recreations and interpretation, Preparing the foods, Eating, Relaxing and Sleeping, Study , WC, Hygienic necessities, Cleaning, Circulation and storage, Exterior circumstances). Housing is a human right is a multi-platform documentary portrait of the struggle for home. The house, being a product of the human work, a long time user product, like any other product it has not only to be produced but also to get the user’s disposal. A house is a home, shelter, building or structure that is dwelling or place for habitation by human being. Sustainable design’s principles of energy and healthy architectural spaces and material durability help make a home affordable. Presently becomes incorrect work manner when we take the building phenomenon such as (passive and low energy building), detached from the large concept of architecture. (Amjad Almusaed 2004). The passive and low energy housing represents one of the most consistent concepts of sustainable building and brings with consideration of energy saving concept. Presently becomes incorrect work manner when we take the building phenomenon such as (passive and low energy building), detached from the large concept of architecture. The architectural product, being a product of the human work, a long time user product, like any other product it has not only to be produced but also to get the user’s disposal. The human comfort is a vital aim of architecture, and it classified such variable level. The interaction always appears between the energy such abstract act and human comfort such human feeling. The balancing condition is extremely complex. 

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