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  • 1. Aartsen, Marja
    et al.
    Beland, Daniel
    Edmondson, Ricca
    Ginn, Jay
    Komp, Kathrin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Nilsson, Magnus
    Perek-Bialas, Jolanta
    Sorensen, Penny
    Weicht, Bernhard
    Ageing in the light of crises: Economic crisis, demographic change, and the search for meaning2012Report (Other academic)
  • 2.
    Aartsen, Marja
    et al.
    Social Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Komp, Kathrin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    The future of greying Europe: Conclusion2013In: Old age in Europe: A textbook of gerontology / [ed] Komp, K., & Aartsen, M., Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013, p. 131-136Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although Europe’s population is greying, the future of Europe does not look grey. What can be learned from this book is that old age is not necessarily characterized by frailty and decline, but instead can be a time of self-fulfillment, activity, and social participation. Moreover, we now know that population ageing does not need to threaten extant social and welfare state-related institutions, but instead opens up potentials for restructuring and reinvention. Life expectancy is longer than ever before and living conditions that enhance healthy ageing have very much improved. New technologies and Information and Communication Technologies may assist older people to stay in their homes longer. The growing possibilities to reach a good old age may have given rise to what is sometimes called ‘a silver economy’: an economy with all kinds of new products and services, particularly aimed at the growing share of healthy and wealthy senior citizens. The greying of Europe might, thus, ultimately lead us into a bright and colourful future.

  • 3.
    Abrahamsson, Evelin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Ungdomsinflytande i Örnsköldsviks kommun: En tematisk analys om ungas möjlighet till ökat inflytande i Örnsköldsvik2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study is based on three focus group interviews with minors living in Örnsköldsviks municipality. The aim is to investigate what minor individuals want to gain more influence in that concerns their citizenship rights. It also aims to investigate what obstacles there is in their surroundings that prevent them from influencing it. I have conducted semi-structured interviews with the focus groups. The theoretical framework consist of T.H Marshalls theories about citizenship, with the division of civil, political and social rights. Important theoretical conclusions from Tom Bottomore and Rut Lister theories about different group’s substantial opportunities to use their rights in their citizenship has also been used. The conclusion is that the minors living in Örnsköldsvik want to get more influence on their school, places to meet and the opportunity to create a culture place for them to practice music and other culture. The minors experience several obstacles to being able to gain real influence on their citizenship rights. Their young age was one explanation, but there are also laws and rules that prevent them from participating and gaining influenceof their rights in their citizenship

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    Evelin Abrahamsson
  • 4.
    Abrahamsson, Hanna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Alla är vi Charlie?: En diskursanalys av kampanjen #JeSuisCharlie på Twitter2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Uppsatsen har haft som mål att skapa förståelse för hur hashtagkampanjen #JeSuisCharlie komatt användas på den sociala medieplattformen Twitter efter attacken mot satirtidskriften CharlieHebdo i Paris, den 7 januari 2015. Med kritisk diskursanalys som metod har vi sökt studera påvilka sätt vissa twittrare använde sig av kampanjen och hur de identifierade sig med Charlie.Charlie Hebdo kom för vissa twittrare att bli en symbol för det fria ordet, men det fanns även desom inte ville ställa sig bakom Charlie Hebdos budskap. Vi har därför också sökt analysera detavståndstagande som formulerades mot kampanjen bland vissa twittrare. Detta till följd av dereflektioner som uppstod över att så många valde att identifiera sig med en tidning som tidigarekritiserats för att vara islamofobisk. Analysen visar hur #JeSuisCharlie därmed kom att bli entvetydig och komplex symbol för yttrandefrihet, som också bidrog till att reproducerakonfliktlinjer mellan det demokratiska ”Väst” och de muslimska ”Andra”.

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  • 5.
    Abrahamsson, Signe
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Danielsson, Louise
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Hybridarbetets utveckling, en framgång eller ett misslyckande?: En kvalitativ studie om medarbetares och chefers upplevelser av hybridarbete som arbetsform2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This is a qualitative study, and the purpose is to investigate whether hybrid work is a successful way of working in matters of conflict, leadership, and control. The two questions that form the basis of the analysis are I: What does hybrid work mean and how does this affect employees in practice? And II: What impact does hybrid work have on leadership? The essay was written on behalf of and in collaboration with a Swedish government authority. The purpose of the essay has been developed in collaboration with the authority. Semi-structured interviews have been the main approach to data collection. The interviews took place at the relevant authority with both employees and managers. Thematic analysis based on Braune and Clark’s six steps (2006) has been carried out to analyze the data and to produce the results on which the study is based. The main results that emerged are that hybrid work based on several factors entails both advantages and disadvantages. Some of the results that emerged were that change in leadership is central to hybrid work and that it requires more from managers to adapt to this. There have also been results about loss of control for both managers and employees, as well as both a positive and negative impact on mood due to hybrid work. 

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  • 6.
    Aderlund, Lisa
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Lindahl, Lisa
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Vi har ju bara bra böcker: En kvalitativ studie av bibliotekariers bokval till sagostunden2024Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna kvalitativa studies syfte är att fördjupa kunskapen om hur bibliotekspersonal väljer böcker till sagostunder för barn i åldern 3-6 år, samt vilka idéer och värderingar som påverkar bokvalet. Bakgrunden till frågeställningarna tar avstamp i den litteraturdidaktiska diskussionen om kvalitetslitteratur samt FN:s barnkonvention. Det empiriska materialet utgörs av tre observationer av sagostunder samt fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer med bibliotekarier på fyra olika folkbibliotek i en kommun. Materialet har analyserats med tematisk analys, med Catarina Erikssons fyra idealtyper över olika synsätt på barnbiblioteket som teoretiskt ramverk. Studien tyder på att bibliotekarier främst hittar böcker till sagostunderna genom hantering av barnböcker i det dagliga arbetet, browsing i bibliotekets hyllor och genom tips från kollegor. Personlig smak, variation, representation samt barngruppens sammansättning visar sig vara viktiga överväganden som bibliotekarierna förhåller sig till i samband med bokvalet. De mest framträdande idealtyperna i vårt material är den musiska och den egaliserande. Barn är sällan direkt delaktiga i urvalsprocessen, men ofta indirekt delaktiga genom att deras reaktioner och preferenser tas tillvara. 

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  • 7.
    Adman, Per
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet.
    Bergquist, Ann-Kristin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Economic History.
    Bonnedahl, Karl Johan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå School of Business and Economics (USBE), Business Administration.
    Eckerberg, Katarina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    Eimermann, Marco
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography.
    Enlund, Desirée
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography.
    Eriksson, Madeleine
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography.
    Helmersson, Linnea
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of culture and media studies.
    Nilsson, Bo
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of culture and media studies.
    Nordlund, Annika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Nordlund, Christer
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies.
    Simonsson, Märit
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of culture and media studies.
    Örestig, Johan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    DN Debatt. 171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”2019In: Dagens Nyheter, ISSN 1101-2447, , p. 1Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.

  • 8.
    Adolfsson, Josefin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Att ge och känna för andra: En studie om emotionellt arbete i förhållande till kvinnors möjlighet att vara chef2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Kvinnor innehar idag färre chefspositioner på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. För att öka förståelsen kring varför färre kvinnor jämfört med män är chefer syftar uppsatsen till att förstå om emotionellt arbete är relaterat till möjligheten för kvinnor att vara chef i Sverige. Det emotionella arbetet i uppsatsen handlar om ett omhändertagande känsloarbete som sker till förmån för andras välmående. I uppsatsen definieras emotionellt arbete med hjälp av två dimensioner. Den första dimensionen handlar om att ge emotionellt stöd och den andra om viljan att ge emotionellt stöd. Data från ESS år 2012 studeras med hjälp av beskrivande analyser och logistisk regression. Resultaten visar att kvinnor som är chefer har en lägre nivå av emotionellt arbete jämfört med kvinnor som inte är chefer. Den lägre nivån av emotionellt arbete bland kvinnor i ledande positioner kan antingen tolkas som att kvinnor i chefspositioner anpassar nivån av emotionellt arbete eller att de är kvinnor med en låg nivå av emotionellt arbete som blir chefer. Den manliga normens primat, glastaket och genusskapandet diskuteras vara faktorer som bidrar till att kvinnor i ledande positioner begränsas, vilket skulle kunna vara en anledning till att kvinnor i chefspositioner har en lägre nivå av emotionellt arbete. En eventuell anpassning av den emotionella arbetsnivån bland kvinnor i ledande positioner diskuteras även vara en potentiell faktor till en reproducering av den vertikala könssegregerade arbetsmarknaden i Sverige. För att minska den vertikala könssegregeringen på den svenska arbetsmarknaden kan det därför finnas en poäng i att uppmärksamma att kvinnor i ledande positioner har en lägre nivå av emotionella arbete.

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    Att ge och känna för andra - Josefin Adolfsson
  • 9.
    Adolfsson, Maja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    ”I princip svensk”: En kvalitativ studie om hur fem unga med utländsk bakgrund upplever och hanterar rasifiering2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna uppsats undersöker hur unga med utländsk bakgrund upplever rasifiering och vilka strategier de använder sig av för att hantera rasifieringen. Fokus föreligger på hur rasifiering “görs” samt vilka strategier som används av dem som utsätts för rasifiering i förhållande till samhällets dominerande diskurser. Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med fem unga med utländsk bakgrund har material samlats in. Av intervjuerna framgår att samtliga respondenter upplever att de tillskrivs annorlunda egenskaper och förväntningar än vad som följer av den dominerande vithetsnormen. Rasifiering “görs” genom att rasifierade bedöms som avvikande utifrån vithetsnormen och föreställningen om en svensk kulturell homogenitet. Föreställningar om annorlundaskap skapar förväntningar om att rasifierade personer ska uppträda på ett annat sätt än vad som ryms inom föreställningen om svenskhet. Därigenom utsätts de för vardagsrasism och strukturell rasism i samhället. De strategier respondenterna använde sig av för att hantera rasifieringen delas in i offensiva respektive defensiva strategier. De förstnämnda är exempelvis att motbevisa stereotyper eller att på olika sätt bekämpa strukturen. Exempel på defensiva strategier är att förneka att man är utsatt för rasifiering. Med utgångspunkt i studien föreslås fortsatt forskning för att fördjupa kunskapen om hur svenskhet konstrueras och reproduceras inom olika domäner av samhället, från samspelet mellan individer till strukturell nivå inom samhälleliga institutioner. Vidare behövs forskning om hur offensiva och defensiva strategier påverkar olika gruppers möjligheter till likabehandling.

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  • 10.
    Adolfsson, Maja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Place and youth political action: how place shapes political action in rural Sweden2024In: Young - Nordic Journal of Youth Research, ISSN 1103-3088, E-ISSN 1741-3222Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There are important gaps in the research on youth political action due to a lack of attention to the roles of place and the experiences of young people in rural places. To address these gaps, this article presents findings from intensive interviews with 15 young people (aged between 16 and 29 years) who identified as politically/socially engaged and lived or had recently lived in a rural place in Sweden. Analysis of their responses, based on constructivist-grounded theory, shows that place dimensions shaped three social processes of young people’s political action: engaging in politics in (rural) places, finding recognition as political actors in (rural) places and negotiating political belonging in relation to (urban) places. By linking these processes with Agnew’s three-dimensional understanding of place, the analysis provides novel insights into how various dimensions of place shape crucial social processes of youth political action.

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  • 11.
    Adolfsson, Maja
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Regional Science (CERUM).
    Baranowska-Rataj, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Regional Science (CERUM).
    Upward wage mobility of low-wage workers: The role of trade unions2023Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    While previous studies have demonstrated the disadvantages of workers who get stuck in low-wage employment, more knowledge is needed about the institutions that facilitate getting better-paid jobs. This paper examines the role of trade unions, taking a cross-country comparative perspective. It uses data on 29 European countries from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions and multilevel modelling techniques. The results suggest that stronger trade unions improve chances for upward wage mobility among low-wage workers. We also find differential effects across population subgroups, with larger benefits among better educated employees and workers in the prime-age. 

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  • 12.
    Adolfsson, Maja
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Baranowska-Rataj, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Demographic and Ageing Research (CEDAR).
    Lundmark, Anneli
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Temporary employment, employee representation, and employer-paid training: a comparative analysis2022In: European Sociological Review, ISSN 0266-7215, E-ISSN 1468-2672, Vol. 38, no 5, p. 785-798Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article examines the moderating role of employee representation on the chances of receiving employer-paid training among temporary and permanent workers from a cross-country, comparative perspective. The impact of employee representation is considered at the individual level and at the country level. The statistical analyses are performed using data from the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey and multilevel modelling. Our results suggest that temporary workers receive less employer-paid training than permanent workers. Access to employee representation increases workers' access to employer-paid training, regardless of contract type. At the country level, we found that the training-related benefits from union coverage are larger for permanent than for temporary workers. Our findings suggest that employee representation in the workplace could operate as an equalizer between temporary and permanent workers; while at the country level, the lobbying effect of union coverage is more beneficial for permanent workers. 

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  • 13.
    Adolfsson, Maja
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Department of Sociology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Coe, Anna-Britt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Department of Sociology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
    Understanding how place is addressed in research on young people’s political action: cases from Sweden2022In: Journal of Youth Studies, ISSN 1367-6261, E-ISSN 1469-9680Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Following recent critiques of the metrocentric nature of global youth studies, this paper explores the role of place in current research on youth political action in Sweden. Drawing on Agnew’s [2011. “Chapter 23: Space and Place.” In Handbook of Geographical Knowledge, edited by J. Agnew, and D. Livingstone. London: Sage] concept of place and using qualitative interpretive review as our method, we examined three sets of research publications on three different aspects of youth political action in Sweden. Our analysis found that place was addressed differently in each set of publications: youth political socialization and civic engagement were approached as placeless, street protests were examined as place assumed and urban justice movements were studied as place-based. The first two sets of publications contribute to reproducing a metrocentric understanding of youth political action, where urban areas are constructed as the key settings for political action among young people, while rural or peripheral areas are assumed to work in the same way or are depicted as non-political. By contrast, the publications on urban justice movements offered an alternative by exploring political action as place-based. The need to study the place-specific ways that young people do politics is discussed, with its potential to further the understanding of how young people do politics from where they are.

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  • 14.
    Adolfsson, Maja
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Lundmark, Anneli
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    FIXED-TERM CONTRACTS, TRADE UNION REPRESENTATION AND EMPLOYER-PAID TRAINING: A Comparative Multilevel Analysis Across 35 European Countries2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis examines the moderating role of trade union representation in addressing the gap in employer-provided training between permanent workers and workers with fixed-term contracts (FTCs) from a cross-country, comparative perspective. The impact of trade union representation is measured on two different levels: (1) access to trade union representation at the workplace at the individual-level (2) average trade union representation at the country-level, measured as trade union power. The statistical analyses are performed using data from the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) and multilevel modelling. Our result suggests that, across the European countries, workers with FTCs receive less employer-paid training than permanent workers. Regarding the impact of trade union representation, statistically significant result is found only at the individual-level, where access to trade union representation increases employer-paid training regardless of employment contract. For the interaction between access to trade union representation at the individual-level and FTC, no significant relationship is found. However, the models with the cross-level interaction between trade union power and FTC indicate that employer-paid training increases for permanent workers only. Our findings suggest that trade union representation at the workplace could operate as an equalizer between permanent workers and FTC workers, while at the country-level, their lobbying effect is beneficial for permanent workers only

  • 15.
    Adolfsson, Mattias
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Söderlund, Sebastian
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Varför vill ni inte delta?: En kvantitativ studie om orsaker till låg svarsfrekvens på en medarbetarundersökning.2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Runt om i landet lägger företag och organisationer stora summor på medarbetarundersökningar varje år. För att dessa undersökningar ska bidra till verksamheten krävs en hög svarsfrekvens. Företaget hade på sin medarbetarundersökning 2014 förlorat ungefär 30 % av sin svarsfrekvens jämfört med tidigare år. Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkat de medarbetare som valt att inte delta. Studien baserade sig på en enkät med ett totalurval av alla medarbetare på företaget. Resultatet av undersökningen visade att de faktorer som mest troligt har påverkat medarbetarnas till att inte delta är deras upplevelse av att inte känna sig anonyma på medarbetarundersökningen, att förutsättningar upplevdes olika för det som deltog och inte deltog, samt att, ett försämrat förtroende till företagets ledning ka ha haft inverkan på svarsfrekvensen.

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    Varför vill ni inte delta?
  • 16.
    Adriansson, Elin
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Blomberg, Victor
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Matchningen mellan arbetsvärderingar och arbetsförhållanden i Sverige: En kvantitativ studie av hur arbete värderas, realiseras samt relaterar till arbetstillfredsställelse och organisatoriskt engagemang2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I denna uppsats kartläggs svenska arbetstagares arbetsvärderingar och arbetsförhållanden samt matchningen mellan dessa två komponenter över tid vid tre mättillfällen. Detta för att se hur värderingar och de upplevda förhållandena relaterar till varandra under denna period och ifall detta har förändrats. Datamaterialet är hämtat från ISSP work orientations modul (1997,2005 och 2015). De dimensioner av arbetet som undersökts är; inkomst, karriärmöjligheter, intressant jobb samt autonomi i arbetet där de två senare är inre dimensioner av arbetet medan inkomst och karriärmöjligheter är yttre dimensioner. Vidare undersöks ifall matchningarna har någon påverkan på arbetstillfredsställelse samt organisatoriskt engagemang för att se huruvida kombinationen av att både värdera något samt få dessa värderingar uppfyllda ger någon extra effekt på dessa två arbetsattityder. För att kartlägga utvecklingen i Sverige har vi undersökt andelen som värderar samt andelen som upplever att de får värderingarna realiserade i arbetet samt kombinationen av dessa. Vidare har vi använt oss av multipel linjär regression för att undersöka matchningarnas påverkan på arbetstillfredsställelse och organisatoriskt engagemang. Resultaten visar att de faktiska upplevda arbetsförhållandena har gått i en positiv riktning där fler tycks få sina värderingar uppfyllda i arbetet. Vidare visar resultaten att matchningarna tycks ha betydelse för arbetstillfredsställelse där de som både värderar en dimension högt samt får denna dimension realiserad har högre arbetstillfredsställelse än övriga matchningar med en extra hög effekt när det kommer till inre dimensioner av arbetet. Matchningarna har även betydelse för organisatoriskt engagemang där den andelen som både värderar en dimension högt samt får den realiserad har högre engagemang.

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  • 17.
    Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    Department of Statistics, Uppsala University, Uppsala (Sweden).
    Chen, Yunwei
    Scientometrics & Evaluation Research Center (SERC), Chengdu Library and Information Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041 (China).
    Colliander, Cristian
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Umeå University, Umeå University Library.
    Jan van Eck, Nees
    Centre for Science and Technology Studies, Leiden University (The Netherlands).
    Enhancing Direct Citations: A Comparison of Relatedness Measures for Community Detection in a Large Set of PubMed Publications2020In: Quantitative Science Studies, E-ISSN 2641-3337, Vol. 1, no 2, p. 1-20Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this contribution, the effects of enhancing direct citations, with respect to publication-publication relatedness measurement, by indirect citation relations (bibliographic coupling, co-citation, and extended direct citations) and text relations on clustering solution accuracy are analyzed. We include in the study, for comparison reasons, each approach that is involved in the enhancement of direct citations. In total, we investigate the relative performance of seven approaches. For the evaluation of the approaches, we use a methodology proposed by earlier research. However, the used evaluation criterion is based on MeSH, one of the most sophisticated publication-level classification schemes available. We also introduce an approach, based on interpolated accuracy values, by which overall relative clustering solution accuracy can be studied. The results show that the co-citation approach has the worst performance, and that the direct citations approach is outperformed by the other five investigated approaches. The extended direct citations approach has the best performance, followed by an approach in which direct citations are enhanced by the BM25 textual relatedness measure. An approach that combines direct citations with bibliographic coupling and co-citation performs slightly better than the bibliographic coupling approach, which in turn has a better performance than the BM25 approach.

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  • 18.
    Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    Department of e-Resources, University Library, Stockholm University.
    Colliander, Cristian
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Persson, Olle
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Field normalized citation rates, field normalized journal impact and Norwegian weights for allocation of university research funds2012In: Scientometrics, ISSN 0138-9130, E-ISSN 1588-2861, Vol. 92, no 2, p. 767-780Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We compared three different bibliometric evaluation approaches: two citationbased approaches and one based on manual classification of publishing channels into quality levels. Publication data for two universities was used, and we worked with two levels of analysis: article and department. For the article level, we investigated the predictive power of field normalized citation rates and field normalized journal impact with respect to journal level. The results for the article level show that evaluation of journals based on citation impact correlate rather well with manual classification of journals into quality levels. However, the prediction from field normalized citation rates to journal level was only marginally better than random guessing. At the department level, we studied three different indicators in the context of research fund allocation within universities and the extent to which the three indicators produce different distributions of research funds. It turned out that the three distributions of relative indicator values were very similar, which in turn yields that the corresponding distributions of hypothetical research funds would be very similar.

  • 19.
    Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    School of Education and Communication in Engineering Sciences (ECE), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
    Colliander, Cristian
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Umeå University, Umeå University Library.
    Sjögårde, Peter
    School of Education and Communication in Engineering Sciences (ECE), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden; Department of ALM, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Exploring the Relation Between Referencing Practices and Citation Impact: A Large-Scale Study Based on Web of Science Data2018In: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, ISSN 2330-1635, E-ISSN 2330-1643, Vol. 69, no 5, p. 728-743Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this large-scale contribution, we deal with the relationship between properties of cited references of Web of Science articles and the field normalized citation rate of these articles. Using nearly 1 million articles, and three classification systems with different levels of granularity, we study the effects of number of cited references, share of references covered by Web of Science, mean age of references and mean citation rate of references on field normalized citation rate. To expose the relationship between the predictor variables and the response variable, we use quantile regression. We found that a higher number of references, a higher share of references to publications within Web of Science and references to more recent publications correlate with citation impact. A correlation was observed even when normalization was done with a finely grained classification system. The predictor variables affected citation impact to a larger extent at higher quantile levels. Regarding the relative importance of the predictor variables, citation impact of the cited references was in general the least important variable. Number of cited references carried most of the importance for both low and medium quantile levels, but this importance was lessened at the highest considered level.

  • 20.
    Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    School of Education and Communication in Engineering Sciences (ECE), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pagin, Peter
    Department of Philosophy, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Persson, Olle
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Svedberg, Maria
    Department of Philosophy, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Bibliometric analysis of two subdomains in philosophy: free will and sorites2015In: Scientometrics, ISSN 0138-9130, E-ISSN 1588-2861, Vol. 103, no 1, p. 47-73Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study we tested the fruitfulness of advanced bibliometric methods for mapping subdomains in philosophy. The development of the number of publications on free will and sorites, the two subdomains treated in the study, over time was studied. We applied the cocitation approach to map the most cited publications, authors and journals, and we mapped frequently occurring terms, using a term co-occurrence approach. Both subdomains show a strong increase of publications in Web of Science. When we decomposed the publications by faculty, we could see an increase of free will publications also in social sciences, medicine and natural sciences. The multidisciplinary character of free will research was reflected in the cocitation analysis and in the term co-occurrence analysis: we found clusters/groups of cocited publications, authors and journals, and of co-occurring terms, representing philosophy as well as non-philosophical fields, such as neuroscience and physics. The corresponding analyses of sorites publications displayed a structure consisting of research themes rather than fields. All in all, both philosophers involved in this study acknowledge the validity of the various networks presented. Bibliometric mapping appears to provide an interesting tool for describing the cognitive orientation of a research field, not only in the natural and life sciences but also in philosophy, which this study shows.

  • 21.
    Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    Department of e-Resources, University Library, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Persson, Olle
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Globalization of citations and collaboration: a study of twelve journals2012In: Proceedings of 17th International Conference on Science and Technology Indicators / [ed] Éric Archambault, Yves Gingras and Vincent Larivière, 2012, p. 23-32Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We treated citations and collaboration from a spatial point of view with respect to twelve journals. Eleven of the journals are from the field of information science, the remaining one from the nanotechnology field. Publication data from Web of Science were used. The twelve journals were compared with respect to mean global impact (in terms of geographical citation distance), citation impact, share of foreign country citation links, degree of concentration of country citation links, and mean geographical collaboration distance. The information science journals oriented towards research evaluation tended to have lower global impact than the more general information science journals, whereas a reversed pattern was observed regarding share of foreign country citation links. For the relation between global impact and citation impact, there was a weak similarity between the global impact ordering and the citation impact ordering of the journals. Regarding the degree of concentration of country citation links, the links were found to be highly concentrated to certain countries, irrespective of if cited or citing countries were considered. For geographical collaboration distance, the nanotechnology journal in the study, Nature Nanotechnology, had the highest indicator value, which is in agreement with the outcome for global impact.

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  • 22.
    Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    Department of e-Resources, University Library, Stockholm University.
    Persson, Olle
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Tijssen, Robert
    Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS), Leiden University, PO Box 905, 2300 AX Leiden, The Netherlands.
    Geographical distance in bibliometric relations within epistemic communities2013In: Scientometrics, ISSN 0138-9130, E-ISSN 1588-2861, Vol. 95, no 2, p. 771-784Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Scientists collaborate increasingly on a global scale. Does this trend also hold for other bibliometric relations such as direct citations, cocitations and shared references? This study examines citation-based relations in publications published in the journal Scientometrics from 1981 to 2010. Different measures of Mean Geographical Distance (MGD) are tested. If we take all citation links into consideration, there is no indication of MGD increase, but when we look at maximum distances of each relation, a weak tendency of increasing MGD could be observed. One major factor behind the lack of growth of mean distances is the form of the distribution of citation links over distances. Our data suggest that the interactions might grow simultaneously for both short and long distances.

  • 23.
    Ahlinder, Isak
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    The impact of labor market insecurity on mental health among immigrants in Europe2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The impact of labor market insecurity on immigrants’ mental health is understudied. This current study investigated whether labor market insecurity, as measured by different employment arrangements, has detrimental impact on immigrants’ depression, and if so, how it compares to the role of unemployment. Furthermore, this study investigated whether labor market insecurity had more detrimental impact on immigrants than non-immigrants. To do so, data from seventh wave of European Social Survey (2014/2015) was divided into three separate immigrant groups; first-generation immigrants, second-generation immigrants and non-immigrants. The results shows that labor market insecurity among immigrants had detrimental impact on mental health. The effects were not restricted to the first- generation immigrants’ mental health, they could also be observed in the second-generation immigrants and among non-immigrants. The results presented in this thesis show that not only unemployment, but also insecure employment arrangement have negative impact on mental health, both among immigrants and non-immigrants.

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  • 24.
    Ahlskog, Stina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Karlsson, Elisabeth
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    HBT-arbete utifrån likabehandlingspolicy: Första och andra linjens chefers möjligheter för och föreställningar kring arbetet med HBT-frågor på Skellefteå kommun2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    HBT-frågor är idag en alltmer omtalad fråga i den samhälleliga debatten. Sedan diskrimineringslagstiftningen ändrades år 2009 har organisationer ett alltmer omfattande ansvar att arbeta för att motverka diskriminering i alla dess former. Då Skellefteå kommun har fattat beslut om att öka sitt invånarantal till 80 000 invånare år 2030 görs stora insatser föratt se till att alla människor har samma förutsättningar att leva och verka i kommunen.Uppdraget var därför att undersöka första och andra linjens chefers möjligheter att utifrån den befintliga likabehandlingspolicyn arbeta med HBT-frågor. Studien baseras på 12 intervjuer med första- och andra linjens chefer på en kvinnodominerad och en mansdominerad arbetsplats inom kommunen. Resultatet visar att cheferna upplever en begränsning i hur de kan använda sig av likabehandlingspolicyn i sitt dagliga arbete. Dokumentet ses mer som spelregler snarare än något som konkret kan användas praktiskt. Den mest framträdande föreställningen kring HBT-frågor bland cheferna på de arbetsplatser som undersökts var att det inte fanns någon problematik med diskriminering inom deras verksamhetsområde. Därför fanns en föreställning bland några av cheferna att något förebyggande arbete med dessa frågorinte behövdes. Det går att utläsa vissa skillnader mellan kvinnodominerade och mansdominerade arbetsplatser i hur man arbetar med HBT-frågor samt de föreställningar som finns kring hur dessa frågor talas om på arbetsplatserna. Cheferna på de kvinnodominerade arbetsplatserna var mer benägna att bedriva ett proaktivt likabehandlingsarbete än cheferna påde mansdominerade arbetsplatserna. Ingen bedriver dock ett specifikt arbete med HBT-frågori dagsläget.

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    HBT-arbete utifrån likabehandlingspolicy
  • 25.
    Ahlström, Björn
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Bullying and social objectives: A study of prerequisites for success in Swedish schools2009Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis examines the relationship between organizations structure, culture and leadership. The specific organization that has been studied is Swedish secondary schools. The Swedish schools have a divided task, first to develop the students academic skills and secondly to develop the students socially and civically. This thesis has its interest on the schools social environment with special interest focused on questions regarding bullying and insulting behaviour. The data that has been used consists of interviews and questionnaires with students, teachers and principals in 24 Swedish schools that have been studied in a larger study. This work is a part of a project called Structure, Culture and Leadership – prerequisites for successful schools?.  The 24 schools that took part in the SCL study were divided in to four different groups depending on how well they are succeeding in reaching the social and academic objectives formulated in the steering documents. The main result show that principals that succeed to align structure and culture in relation to both the social and academic objectives are the ones that can be perceived as successful. It is these schools that have the lowest level of bullying and the highest grades. The principal takes social responsibility and takes questions in relation to bullying and insulting behaviour seriously. By doing that the principal can communicate the seriousness of the topic in order to develop awareness within the organization and a preventive work can therefore be possible. In schools that work with the students’ ability to be participative seems to develop the students both socially and academically.

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    FULLTEXT02
  • 26.
    Ahlström, Björn
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Mobbning och skolans sociala mål2011In: Struktur, kultur och ledarskap: Förutsättningar för framgångsrika skolor / [ed] Jonas Höög, Olof Johansson, Lund: Studentlitteratur , 2011, 1, p. 153-174Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 27.
    Ahlström, Björn
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Student participation and school success: A study about participation, grades and bullying among 9th grade students in Sweden2010In: Education Inquiry, ISSN 2000-4508, Vol. 1, no 2, p. 97-115Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the Swedish school law and curriculum it is stated that students shall be participative in their work. They should work in a participative manner and the pedagogical idea is that influence and participation has multiple benefits for the students’ development. In this article the relationship between student participation and school success is examined. By using a theoretically based participation index eight schools were chosen to be closer examined. Success was measured by the schools grades and the level of perceived bullying among the students. Student participation seems to have beneficial effects on the students’ academic and social development. In schools that have higher level of student participation the grades were higher and the level of perceived bullying among the students was lower than schools with a lower level of participation.

  • 28.
    Ahlström, Björn
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Student participation and school success: the relationship between participation, grades and bullying among 9th grade students in sweden2010In: Education Inquiry, E-ISSN 2000-4508, Vol. 1, no 2, p. 97-115Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish school law and curriculum states that students shall be participative in their work. They should work in a participative manner and the pedagogical idea is that influence and participation has multiple benefits for students’ development. In this article the relationship between student participation and school success is examined. By using a theoretically-based participation index eight schools were chosen for closer examination. Success was measured by school grades and the level of perceived bullying among students. Student participation seems to have beneficial effects on students’ academic and social development. In schools with a higher level of student participation the grades were higher and the level of perceived bullying among the students was lower than schools with a lower level of participation.

  • 29.
    Ahlström, Björn
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    "We are no different": Swedish Principals views on their SchoolsManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This article focuses on principals and their leadership and this is related to perceived level of bullying among the students. Eight schools were chosen in this study, the four schools with the lowest amount and the four schools with the highest amount of students that perceived that bullying occurred at their school. At these schools interviews made with the principals where analysed. One specific question where analysed where the principals answered if they had any bullying at their school. The conclusion is that schools that seem to have a high level of bullying have principals that give two types of responses, one that mitigates the problem by responding that the level of bullying is at a “normal” level or just like “any other school”. The second response is a one of denial where the principals responds with a “no problem”-response that indicates that it does not occur bullying at their school. The schools that have a low level of bullying on the other hand have principals that acknowledge that it occurs. Schools that have a high level of bullying have principals that do not acknowledge that. On schools with a low level of bullying the principals perceives the level of bullying as problem and acknowledge its existence.

  • 30.
    Ahlström, Björn
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Principal Development.
    Höög, Jonas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Principal Development.
    Measuring the social and civic objectives of schools2010In: School leadership: international perspectives / [ed] Stephan Huber, Bern: Peter Lang Publishing Group, 2010, p. 19-37Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This study is part of a Swedish project "Structure, Culture, Leadership – prerequisites for successful schools?" The study presents a tool for the analysis of school outcomes. How can social and civic objectives be measured and what differences between schools can be found when it comes to achieving these objectives? The aim is to assess the pupils' development through a questionnaire based on the curriculum in areas like: democratic values, communication, respect for human differences, self-consciousness, responsibility, critical evaluation, creativity. The study is conducted among 2128 pupils in 24 secondary schools in 12 municipalities. Results show that it is possible to develop an instrument based on the Swedish steering documents. It's also obvious that school differences can be assessed with the Social and Civic Objectives Scale (SCOS) Using the SCOS instrument helps us to broaden the definition of a "successful school" by incorporating academic as well as social and civic objectives.

  • 31.
    Ahlström, Björn
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Principal Development.
    Keisu, Britt-Inger
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå Centre for Gender Studies (UCGS).
    Schmauch, Ulrika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Normaliserande processer av ojämlika villkor2020In: Att arbeta för lika villkor: ett genus- och maktperspektivpå arbete och organisation / [ed] Britt-Inger Keisu, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2020, 1, p. 213-234Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 32.
    Aksnes, Dag W.
    et al.
    Nordic Institute for Studies in Innovation, Research & Education (NIFU), Norway.
    Blöcker, Christopher
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics.
    Colliander, Cristian
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology. Umeå University, Umeå University Library.
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Kullerud, Lars (Contributor)
    UArctic.
    Larson, Keith (Contributor)
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences.
    SCITE team, (Contributor)
    Arctic Research Trends: Bibliometrics 2016-20222023Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This work was conducted by the UArctic Thematic Network on Research Analytics and Bibliometrics. It was supported by Global Affairs Canada through the Global Arctic Leadership Initiative.

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  • 33.
    Aksnes, Dag W.
    et al.
    Nordic Institute for Studies in Innovation, Research & Education (NIFU), Norway.
    Danell, Rickard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Kullerud, Lars
    University of the Arctic (UArctic).
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Larson, Keith (Contributor)
    Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University.
    Diane, Hirshberg (Editor)
    Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Alaska Anchorage, United States.
    Arctic research trends: external funding 2016-20222024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This report aims to provide an update to the two studies published in 2016 and 2017 (Osipov et al 2016 & 2017) with the primary task of assessing the global funding landscape around Arctic-related research. While the previous reports were focusing on the periods 2006-2015 and 2007-2016 respectively, this report covers 2016 to 2022, using the funding data from the Dimensions[1] dataset, which includes information from more than 600 funders and 7 million awarded grants with funding totalling $2.4 trillion+ (in US Dollars).

    The key findings of the updated report, based on the available data, highlight the following trends:  

    ·       The fields of Earth Sciences (10.3 percent) and Environmental Science (5.5 percent) are the two largest recipients of Arctic research funding. 

    ·       The US is the largest Arctic research nation in terms of total spending and number of projects started. It also has the most comprehensive coverage of funding sources in the dataset.  

    ·       Canada and Russia are the second and third largest nations in terms of number of projects started, followed by Norway and Sweden.

    ·       UArctic institutions are central actors in Arctic research globally. 

    ·       Researchers from Arctic Council Observer nations are financing a substantial amount of research on the Arctic. In particular, the UK and Japan finance a significant number of projects, followed by Germany and China with considerable numbers of Arctic-related research projects.

    ·       Funding from the European Union holds the position of the eighth-largest funder based on the number of projects awarded. The European Union is characterized by a few projects with large funding.

    ·       The analysis suggests that there is neither growth nor shrinkage in the relative volume of Arctic research funding over the period 2016–2022 in comparison with the growth of the general scientific community.

    ·       Private funders and foundations contribute little to Arctic research. Only one percent of the projects starting in 2016–2022 were funded privately. 

    In general, the largest sources of external public funding for Arctic research come from the United States (US), Russia, Canada, and Norway, with the US being the biggest net contributor. Other kinds of funding, such as base budgets, are not described in this report. In addition, data on the public funding and funding amounts of Arctic research in Russia, Canada, and the Kingdom of Denmark are not always provided by the funders in project profiles, and net value is sometimes not disclosed by the funders themselves. 

    This report specifically investigates projects initiated between 2016 and 2022, providing insights into the contemporary funding landscape of Arctic research. Understanding the geographical and institutional distribution of funding, as well as the specific areas of focus within this funding, holds significance for UArctic and Arctic Council officials. Such insights facilitate their ability to offer informed guidance to their respective members, aiding in the identification of strategic priorities.

    Moreover, gaining insights into the entities funding Arctic research, and those not engaged in such funding, holds importance for UArctic and Arctic Council science officers. Armed with information about Arctic-focused endeavours they can engage with funding bodies, fostering dialogue aimed at enhancing support, and collaboration for such initiatives.

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  • 34.
    Akyol, Nadja
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Hagi Ali, Filsan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    BRISTANDE SAMSYN OCH NYANLÄNDA OCH FLERSPRÅKIGA ELEVER: Problemrepresentationer och diskursiva tystnader i svensk skola2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the thesis is to study how Umeå municipality explicitly approaches what constitutes quality and problems in school activities and how it can be understood in relation to segregation andequality. Using Bacchis ``What's the problem represented to be´´-approach we seek to analyse what problems are presented, how the municipality aims to handle the problem and what the discursive effects of these representations are. The analysis is based on the Municipality's quality report 2019/20.The main problem discussed lies with school staff who partly do not understand their assignment and partly prioritize certain parts of the curriculum over others. Non-ethnic Swedish students (“recently arrived”, “multi lingual students” and “students born abroad”) are described as a monolithic and especially problematic category due to parents’ cultural views and lacking language skills. In both these representations the wider social context of e g segregation, is disregarded, and power of the municipality to deal with the described problems are minimized. 

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  • 35.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Attacken mot hagamannen inte konsekvens av pöbelmentalitet2015Other (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 36.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Sociology.
    Bedrägeriets natur: den ekonomiska brottslighetens ontologiska struktur2007Book (Other academic)
  • 37.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Sociology.
    Börsföretag, ekonomiska oegentligheter och negativ publicitet2005In: Fiffel-Sverige - sociologiska perspektiv på skandaler och fusk, Liber , 2005, p. 208-225Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 38.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Corporate crime: a logical misconception, but with one analytical point2020In: Journal of Financial Crime, ISSN 1359-0790, E-ISSN 1758-7239, Vol. 27, no 4, p. 1213-1220Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In 1988, Donald Cressey published a previously overlooked article. According to Cressey, therewas a lack in the agenda of corporate crime research concerning theory and conceptual precision of whatexactly the scientific object was and how it could reinforce the understanding of white-collar criminality.Cressey stated the idea that afictitious person, such as a corporation, upon which were bestowed propertiessuch as a will of its own (intentions and motivations) and a consciousness to act morally and ethically have aresponsibility to follow the order of law, leds to a fundamental theoretical problem in terms of discovering thecauses of crimes committed by such afictitious person. I follow this line of thought about the arguments madeby representatives of corporate crime. Specifically, I follow the concept of“decoupling,”by using varioustechniques of formal logic. The conclusion is that the concept of corporate crime is a logical contradiction (aneternal false statement), but the research has one analytical point which must be incorporated into theresearch of white-collar criminality: how structural conditions of a corporation’s policy and strategy“produce”or influence the individuals within the corporation to make decisions. The aim of the paper is toprove on logical grounds that the direction of research on corporate crime is on the wrong track tofind thetruth (basic elements and mechanisms) about white-collar crime.

  • 39.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Crime prevention in terms of criminal intent criteria in white-collar crime: a propositional analysis2018In: Journal of Financial Crime, ISSN 1359-0790, E-ISSN 1758-7239, Vol. 25, no 3, p. 838-844Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    In the field of crime prevention there are several theoretical approaches explaining why crime occurs and how to prevent it. Three of them – routine activity theory, crime pattern theory and the theory of crime-as-choice – are logically tested in this work. The point of departure is to test if the theories are logical consistent and logical valid, irrespective of whether the criterion for criminal intent is changed from direct intention to negligence.

    Design/methodology/approach

    The issues will be explored in a logical structure by a first-order logic propositional analysis.

    Findings

    The analysis shows that all three theories are logical consistent, but only routine activity theory is logical valid. The conclusion is that crime prevention should in general assume that routine activity theory is the legitimate theory and that social prevention as a prevention strategy is logically unnecessary to adopt because it does not matter whether the offender is motivated (direct intention) or not (negligence).

    Practical implications

    It does not really matter if the authors theoretically treat white-collar offenders as motivated, because if they have committed an actus reus, they are an offender according to the objective requisites. This means that the best strategies to prevent a potential white-collar criminal are situational prevention, i.e. complicate their access to money, where it becomes irrelevant if the potential offender has a mens rea or not. What counts is the prevention of actus reus by a potential offender.

    Originality/value

    As far as I know, no one has previously investigated the logical consistency and/or logical validity of routine activity theory, crime pattern theory and the theory of crime-as-choice as theories of crime prevention.

  • 40.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Den tornedalska identiteten: en klasslogisk analys2019In: Tornionlaakson vuosikirja 2018-2019: Tornedalens årsbok 2018-2019 / [ed] Titta Kalilo-Seppä, Haparanda: Tornedalsrådet/Nordkalottens kultur- och forskningscentrum , 2019, p. 136-142Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 41.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Den tornedalska identiteten i Sverige – finns den?2017In: Tornionlaakson vuosikirja 2015-2017: Tornedalens årsbok 2015-2017 / [ed] Henry Barsk, Tapio Salo, Kyösti Satokangas, Haparanda: Tornionlaakson neuvosto , 2017, p. 12-45Chapter in book (Other academic)
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  • 42.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Economic Crime: Does Personality Matter2003In: International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, ISSN 0306-624X, E-ISSN 1552-6933, ISSN 0306-624X, Vol. 47, no 3, p. 335-355Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since the publication of Edwin Sutherland's classical study, White Collar Crime, personality has been treated as completely irrelevant as a cause or as a correlating variable in studies of economic crime. This article questions that thesis. In an ongoing Swedish project studying economic crime in the areas of construction, engineering, and the music industry, 128 informants were interviewed regarding the personal character of the economic criminal compared to that of the law-abiding businessperson. Data were collected from five different regions in Sweden using the Big Five model, the personality model most often used within the field of personality research today. This article compares the results from the interviews with the few international studies that exist regarding economic crimes in these areas and common results are emphasized. It also presents nuanced analyses of the significance of personality in economic crime.

  • 43.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Finns där ett kön bakom ekonomisk brottslighet?1999In: Retfærd. Nordisk Juridisk Tidsskrift, ISSN 0105-1121, ISSN 0105-1121, Vol. 22, no 2, p. 53-62Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 44.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Identitet och identitetspolitik hos tornedalingar2019In: Tornionlaakson vuosikirja 2018-2019: Tornedalens årsbok 2018-2019 / [ed] Titta Kallio-Seppä, Haparanda: Tornedalsrådet/Nordkalottens kultur- och forskningscentrum , 2019, p. 118-127Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 45.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Integrated criminology and biological related criminology facing white collar crime2015In: Advances in Criminology Research / [ed] Guzman Julia, New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2015, 1, p. 41-72Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    During the last two decades the rise of integrated approaches and biosocial approaches has given criminology a fresh theoretical and empirical approach. However, a full scale integration of these two approaches has not come to a conclusion over the etiological question of what forms the criminal mind. The aim of this article is to give an argument whereby the agenda of white collar crime research can be developed by a synthesis of integrated and biosocial factors. The argument takes its standpoint in one of the recent theories on white collar crime research today, the crime-as-choice theory by Shover, Hochstetler & Alalehto (2012). The theory proposes an integrated model of factors working on different levels. For example, the linkage between lacks of credible oversight on aggregated level, the existence of a crime-facilitative culture on organizational level, and propensities towards aggressiveness, thrill-seeking, resilience, and entitlement on individual level. However, as a typical social scientific theory the crime-as-choice theory lacks a complete etiological argument behind its proposed proximate causality. I elaborate upon the etiological concepts from the fields of evolutionary theory, biosocial criminology and institutional theory to exemplify how the crime-as-choice theory can get an even more coherent structure between ultimate and proximate causes.

  • 46.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Ivar Kreuger: An International Swindler of Magnitude2014In: Radical Criminology, ISSN 1929-7904, no 3, p. 47-70Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This essay discusses the case of Ivar Kreuger, the founder of Kreuger & Toll Inc. (a Swedish match conglomerate), known as the “Match King”. After his death in 1932, Kreuger was accused of falsifying accounts, forging documents and concealing a misappropriation of funds of a massive scale in the USA and Europe during the 1920s. The aim of this study is to explore the case of Ivar Kreuger and the business world of which he belonged, from a perspective of critical criminology, and mainly a left realist viewpoint. Using an integrative approach by combining data on an institutional, organizational and individual level, the essay will explore the case as a rather typical phenomenon within a capitalistic economy, despite its extreme outcome. It was the combination of a culture which bred monopolistic endeavors in business, together with an autocratic style of leadership and an ego which was intent on conquering, which lead to one of the worst known swindles in the history of white collar crime.

  • 47.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Kausalitet inom samhällsvetenskapen: en fallstudie av nazistiska partiframgångar i Tärendö kommun2018In: Statsvetenskaplig Tidskrift, ISSN 0039-0747, Vol. 120, no 1, p. 33-46Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The article’s purpose is to discuss causality in the social sciences. More specifically, causality as the relationship between the necessary and sufficient conditions in order to derive why A, B, C ... cause Z. Its empirical focus is the1934 Tärendö municipal election within which the Swedish Nazi party received 30.8 percent of the vote as compared to surrounding municipalities where it received less than 4 percent of the vote. Its analytical foci are the necessary and sufficient conditions behind a historical event, as refered to by the so-called INUS model, derived from a number of formal logical rules (above all the rule of contraposition). In Tärendö, in contrast to surrounding communities, a number of socially prominent people (the forester, doctor, priests and farmers) supported the Nazi message and there was no established social-democratic alternative, besides a communist party, and only weakened bourgeois partial alternatives that formed a defense against Nazism.

  • 48.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    När kom kapitalismen till Tornedalen?2019In: ARKIV. Tidskrift för samhällsanalys, ISSN 2000-6225, E-ISSN 2000-6217, no 10, p. 87-111Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Tage Alalehto undersöker i denna artikel när kapitalismen kom till Tornedalen. Han utgår från lokalhistoriska källor om specifika byar i Tornedalen samt offentlig historisk statistik över hur avsättning, omsättning och vinst har utvecklats inom sektorerna jordbruk, skogsbruk och offentliga tjänster. Den bild som framträder är att en omfattande självhushållningsekonomi var dominerande långt in på 1900-talet. Ett mått av kapitalistisk produktion förekom inom skogsbruket mellan 1950- och 1980-talet, men som en följd av 1950-talets strukturomvandling, rationaliseringarna inom skogsbruket samt en frånvarande industristruktur i övrigt ersattes arbetsmarknaden till viss del av kommunala och statliga tjänster. I det stora hela blev dock Tornedalen en avfolkningsbygd. Arbetskraften sökte sig till andra regioner, så att Tornedalen kom att fungera som en geografisk arbetskraftsreserv.

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  • 49.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Reglering som policyfråga: En diskussion om regleringens effekter vid ekonomisk brottslighet2012In: Nordisk Tidsskrift for Kriminalvidenskab, ISSN 0029-1528, Vol. 99, no 3, p. 316-335Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 50.
    Alalehto, Tage
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Sociology.
    Skattebrottets psykologi - ett evolutions- och spelteoretiskt scenario2007In: Skatteundandragande, penningtvätt och organiserad brottslighet, Stiftelsen för Ekonomisk-historisk och Företagshistorisk Forskning , 2007, p. 38-54Chapter in book (Other academic)
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