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  • 1. Agudo, Antonio
    et al.
    Cayssials, Valerie
    Bonet, Catalina
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Overvad, Kim
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Affret, Aurélie
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Katzke, Verena
    Schübel, Ruth
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Karakatsani, Anna
    La Vecchia, Carlo
    Palli, Domenico
    Grioni, Sara
    Tumino, Rosario
    Ricceri, Fulvio
    Panico, Salvatore
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
    Peeters, Petra H.
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Skeie, Guri
    Nøst, Theresa H.
    Lasheras, Cristina
    Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel
    Amiano, Pilar
    Chirlaque, María-Dolores
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Ohlsson, Bodil
    Dias, Joana A.
    Nilsson, Lena M.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Myte, Robin
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Perez-Cornago, Aurora
    Gunter, Marc
    Huybrechts, Inge
    Cross, Amanda J.
    Tsilidis, Kostas
    Riboli, Elio
    Jakszyn, Paula
    Inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of gastric cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study2018In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0002-9165, E-ISSN 1938-3207, Vol. 107, no 4, p. 607-616Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the 2 major types of gastric cancer. Several foods, nutrients, and nonnutrient food components seem to be involved in the regulation of chronic inflammation. We assessed the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the risk of gastric carcinoma, overall and for the 2 major subsites: cardia cancers and noncardia cancers. A total of 476,160 subjects (30% men, 70% women) from the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study were followed for 14 y, during which 913 incident cases of gastric carcinoma were identified, including 236 located in the cardia, 341 in the distal part of the stomach (noncardia), and 336 with overlapping or unknown tumor site. The dietary inflammatory potential was assessed by means of an inflammatory score of the diet (ISD), calculated with the use of 28 dietary components and their corresponding inflammatory scores. The association between the ISD and gastric cancer risk was estimated by HRs and 95% CIs calculated by multivariate Cox regression models adjusted for confounders. The inflammatory potential of the diet was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. The HR (95% CI) for each increase in 1 SD of the ISD were 1.25 (1.12, 1.39) for all gastric cancers, 1.30 (1.06, 1.59) for cardia cancers, and 1.07 (0.89, 1.28) for noncardia cancers. The corresponding values for the highest compared with the lowest quartiles of the ISD were 1.66 (1.26, 2.20), 1.94 (1.14, 3.30), and 1.07 (0.70, 1.70), respectively. Our results suggest that low-grade chronic inflammation induced by the diet may be associated with gastric cancer risk. This pattern seems to be more consistent for gastric carcinomas located in the cardia than for those located in the distal stomach. This study is listed on the ISRCTN registry as ISRCTN12136108.

  • 2. Agudo, Antonio
    et al.
    Sala, Naría
    Pera, Guillem
    Capella, Gabriel
    Berenguer, Antonio
    García, Nadia
    Palli, Domenico
    Boeing, Heiner
    Del Giudice, Giuseppe
    Saieva, Calogero
    Carneiro, Fatima
    Berrino, Franco
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Tumino, Rosario
    Panico, Salvatore
    Berglund, Göran
    Siman, Henrik
    Stenling, Roger
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology. Patologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Martínez, Carmen
    Bilbao, Roberto
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Navarro, Carmen
    Quiros, José
    Allen, Naomi
    Key, Tim
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Olsen, Anja
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C
    Peeters, Petra H
    Numans, Mattijs E
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoíse
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lund, Eiliv
    Offerhaus, Johan
    Jenab, Mazda
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Norat, Teresa
    Riboli, Elio
    González, Carlos A
    Polymorphisms in metabolic genes related to tobacco smoke and the risk of gastric cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.2006In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 15, no 12, p. 2427-34Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 3. Agudo, Antonio
    et al.
    Sala, Nária
    Pera, Guillem
    Capella, Gabriel
    Berenguer, Antonio
    García, Nadia
    Palli, Domenico
    Boeing, Heiner
    Del Giudice, Giuseppe
    Saieva, Calogero
    Carneiro, Fatima
    Berrino, Franco
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Tumino, Rosario
    Panico, Salvatore
    Berglund, Göran
    Siman, Henrik
    Stenling, Roger
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology. Patologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Martínez, Carmen
    Amiano, Pilar
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Navarro, Carmen
    Qui, Jose R
    Allen, Naomi
    Key, Tim
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Olsen, Anja
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C
    Peeters, Petra H
    Numans, Mattijs E
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoíse
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lund, Eiliv
    Báker, Hendrik
    Jenab, Mazda
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Norat, Teresa
    Riboli, Elio
    González, Carlos A
    No association between polymorphisms in CYP2E1, GSTM1, NAT1, NAT2 and the risk of gastric adenocarcinoma in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.2006In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 15, no 5, p. 1043-5Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 4. Ahmad, S
    et al.
    Poveda, A
    Shungin, Dmitry
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Barroso, I
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Renström, Frida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Franks, Paul W
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
    Established BMI-associated genetic variants and their prospective associations with BMI and other cardiometabolic traits: the GLACIER Study2016In: International Journal of Obesity, ISSN 0307-0565, E-ISSN 1476-5497, Vol. 40, no 9, p. 1346-1352Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Recent cross-sectional genome-wide scans have reported associations of 97 independent loci with body mass index (BMI). In 3541 middle-aged adult participants from the GLACIER Study, we tested whether these loci are associated with 10-year changes in BMI and other cardiometabolic traits (fasting and 2-h glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures).

    METHODS: A BMI-specific genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated by summing the BMI-associated effect alleles at each locus. Trait-specific cardiometabolic GRSs comprised only the loci that show nominal association (P⩽0.10) with the respective trait in the original cross-sectional study. In longitudinal genetic association analyses, the second visit trait measure (assessed ~10 years after baseline) was used as the dependent variable and the models were adjusted for the baseline measure of the outcome trait, age, age(2), fasting time (for glucose and lipid traits), sex, follow-up time and population substructure.

    RESULTS: The BMI-specific GRS was associated with increased BMI at follow-up (β=0.014 kg m(-2) per allele per 10-year follow-up, s.e.=0.006, P=0.019) as were three loci (PARK2 rs13191362, P=0.005; C6orf106 rs205262, P=0.043; and C9orf93 rs4740619, P=0.01). Although not withstanding Bonferroni correction, a handful of single-nucleotide polymorphisms was nominally associated with changes in blood pressure, glucose and lipid levels.

    CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, established BMI-associated loci convey modest but statistically significant time-dependent associations with long-term changes in BMI, suggesting a role for effect modification by factors that change with time in this population.

  • 5. Ahmad, Shafqat
    et al.
    Rukh, Gull
    Varga, Tibor V
    Ali, Ashfaq
    Kurbasic, Azra
    Shungin, Dmitry
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology. Lund University.
    Ericson, Ulrika
    Koivula, Robert W
    Chu, Audrey Y
    Rose, Lynda M
    Ganna, Andrea
    Qi, Qibin
    Stancakova, Alena
    Sandholt, Camilla H
    Elks, Cathy E
    Curhan, Gary
    Jensen, Majken K
    Tamimi, Rulla M
    Allin, Kristine H
    Jorgensen, Torben
    Brage, Soren
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Aadahl, Mette
    Grarup, Niels
    Linneberg, Allan
    Pare, Guillaume
    Magnusson, Patrik KE
    Pedersen, Nancy L
    Boehnke, Michael
    Hamsten, Anders
    Mohlke, Karen L
    Pasquale, Louis T
    Pedersen, Oluf
    Scott, Robert A
    Ridker, Paul M
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Laakso, Markku
    Hansen, Torben
    Qi, Lu
    Wareham, Nicholas J
    Chasman, Daniel I
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Hu, Frank B
    Renström, Frida
    Orho-Melander, Marju
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Lund University and Harvard University.
    Gene x physical activity interactions in obesity: combined analysis of 111,421 individuals of European ancestry2013In: PLOS Genetics, ISSN 1553-7390, E-ISSN 1553-7404, Vol. 9, no 7, p. e1003607-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Numerous obesity loci have been identified using genome-wide association studies. A UK study indicated that physical activity may attenuate the cumulative effect of 12 of these loci, but replication studies are lacking. Therefore, we tested whether the aggregate effect of these loci is diminished in adults of European ancestry reporting high levels of physical activity. Twelve obesity-susceptibility loci were genotyped or imputed in 111,421 participants. A genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated by summing the BMI-associated alleles of each genetic variant. Physical activity was assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Multiplicative interactions between the GRS and physical activity on BMI were tested in linear and logistic regression models in each cohort, with adjustment for age, age(2), sex, study center (for multicenter studies), and the marginal terms for physical activity and the GRS. These results were combined using meta-analysis weighted by cohort sample size. The meta-analysis yielded a statistically significant GRS x physical activity interaction effect estimate (P-interaction = 0.015). However, a statistically significant interaction effect was only apparent in North American cohorts (n = 39,810, P-interaction = 0.014 vs. n = 71,611, P-interaction = 0.275 for Europeans). In secondary analyses, both the FTO rs1121980 (P-interaction = 0.003) and the SEC16B rs10913469 (P-interaction = 0.025) variants showed evidence of SNP x physical activity interactions. This meta-analysis of 111,421 individuals provides further support for an interaction between physical activity and a GRS in obesity disposition, although these findings hinge on the inclusion of cohorts from North America, indicating that these results are either population-specific or non-causal.

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  • 6. Airoldi, Luisa
    et al.
    Vineis, Paolo
    Colombi, Alessandro
    Olgiati, Luca
    Dell'Osta, Carlo
    Fanelli, Roberto
    Manzi, Luca
    Veglia, Fabrizio
    Autrup, Herman
    Dunning, Alison
    Garte, Seymour
    Hainaut, Pierre
    Hoek, Gerard
    Krzyzanowski, Michal
    Malaveille, Christian
    Matullo, Giuseppe
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Boeing, Heiner
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Palli, Domenico
    Peluso, Marco
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Tumino, Rosario
    Panico, Salvatore
    Bueno-De-Mesquita, Hendrik B
    Peeters, Petra H
    Lund, Eiliv
    Agudo, Antonio
    Martinez, Carmen
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Chirlaque, M Dolores
    Quiros, Josè R
    Berglund, Goran
    Järvholm, Bengt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Day, Nicholas E
    Allen, Naomi
    Saracci, Rodolfo
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Riboli, Elio
    4-Aminobiphenyl-hemoglobin adducts and risk of smoking-related disease in never smokers and former smokers in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition prospective study.2005In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 14, no 9, p. 2118-24Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 7. Albrechtsen, A.
    et al.
    Grarup, N.
    Li, Y.
    Sparso, T.
    Tian, G.
    Cao, H.
    Jiang, T.
    Kim, S. Y.
    Korneliussen, T.
    Li, Q.
    Nie, C.
    Wu, R.
    Skotte, L.
    Morris, A. P.
    Ladenvall, C.
    Cauchi, S.
    Stancakova, A.
    Andersen, G.
    Astrup, A.
    Banasik, K.
    Bennett, A. J.
    Bolund, L.
    Charpentier, G.
    Chen, Y.
    Dekker, J. M.
    Doney, A. S. F.
    Dorkhan, M.
    Forsen, T.
    Frayling, T. M.
    Groves, C. J.
    Gui, Y.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Hattersley, A. T.
    He, K.
    Hitman, G. A.
    Holmkvist, J.
    Huang, S.
    Jiang, H.
    Jin, X.
    Justesen, J. M.
    Kristiansen, K.
    Kuusisto, J.
    Lajer, M.
    Lantieri, O.
    Li, W.
    Liang, H.
    Liao, Q.
    Liu, X.
    Ma, T.
    Ma, X.
    Manijak, M. P.
    Marre, M.
    Mokrosinski, J.
    Morris, A. D.
    Mu, B.
    Nielsen, A. A.
    Nijpels, G.
    Nilsson, P.
    Palmer, C. N. A.
    Rayner, N. W.
    Renstrom, F.
    Ribel-Madsen, R.
    Robertson, N.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Rossing, P.
    Schwartz, T. W.
    Slagboom, P. E.
    Sterner, M.
    Tang, M.
    Tarnow, L.
    Tuomi, T.
    van't Riet, E.
    van Leeuwen, N.
    Varga, T. V.
    Vestmar, M. A.
    Walker, M.
    Wang, B.
    Wang, Y.
    Wu, H.
    Xi, F.
    Yengo, L.
    Yu, C.
    Zhang, X.
    Zhang, J.
    Zhang, Q.
    Zhang, W.
    Zheng, H.
    Zhou, Y.
    Altshuler, D.
    't Hart, L. M.
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Balkau, B.
    Froguel, P.
    McCarthy, M. I.
    Laakso, M.
    Groop, L.
    Christensen, C.
    Brandslund, I.
    Lauritzen, T.
    Witte, D. R.
    Linneberg, A.
    Jorgensen, T.
    Hansen, T.
    Wang, J.
    Nielsen, R.
    Pedersen, O.
    Exome sequencing-driven discovery of coding polymorphisms associated with common metabolic phenotypes2013In: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 56, no 2, p. 298-310Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Human complex metabolic traits are in part regulated by genetic determinants. Here we applied exome sequencing to identify novel associations of coding polymorphisms at minor allele frequencies (MAFs) > 1% with common metabolic phenotypes. The study comprised three stages. We performed medium-depth (8x) whole exome sequencing in 1,000 cases with type 2 diabetes, BMI > 27.5 kg/m(2) and hypertension and in 1,000 controls (stage 1). We selected 16,192 polymorphisms nominally associated (p < 0.05) with case-control status, from four selected annotation categories or from loci reported to associate with metabolic traits. These variants were genotyped in 15,989 Danes to search for association with 12 metabolic phenotypes (stage 2). In stage 3, polymorphisms showing potential associations were genotyped in a further 63,896 Europeans. Exome sequencing identified 70,182 polymorphisms with MAF > 1%. In stage 2 we identified 51 potential associations with one or more of eight metabolic phenotypes covered by 45 unique polymorphisms. In meta-analyses of stage 2 and stage 3 results, we demonstrated robust associations for coding polymorphisms in CD300LG (fasting HDL-cholesterol: MAF 3.5%, p = 8.5 x 10(-14)), COBLL1 (type 2 diabetes: MAF 12.5%, OR 0.88, p = 1.2 x 10(-11)) and MACF1 (type 2 diabetes: MAF 23.4%, OR 1.10, p = 8.2 x 10(-10)). We applied exome sequencing as a basis for finding genetic determinants of metabolic traits and show the existence of low-frequency and common coding polymorphisms with impact on common metabolic traits. Based on our study, coding polymorphisms with MAF above 1% do not seem to have particularly high effect sizes on the measured metabolic traits.

  • 8. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Bamia, Christina
    Drogan, Dagmar
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Jenab, Mazda
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas
    Pischon, Tobias
    Tsilidis, Kostas
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Bouton-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Dossus, Laure
    Racine, Antoine
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Kuehn, Tilman
    Tsironis, Christos
    Papatesta, Eleni-Maria
    Saitakis, George
    Palli, Domenico
    Panico, Salvatore
    Grioni, Sara
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Peeters, Petra H.
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Lukic, Marko
    Braaten, Tonje
    Ramon Quiros, J.
    Lujan-Barroso, Leila
    Sanchez, Mara-Jose
    Chilarque, Maria-Dolores
    Ardanas, Eva
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University.
    Sund, Malin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Wallström, Peter
    Ohlsson, Bodil
    Bradbury, Kathryn E.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Stepien, Magdalena
    Duarte-Salles, Talita
    Assi, Nada
    Murphy, Neil
    Gunter, Marc J.
    Riboli, Elio
    Boeing, Heiner
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    The association of coffee intake with liver cancer risk is mediated by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury: data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition2015In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0002-9165, E-ISSN 1938-3207, Vol. 102, no 6, p. 1498-1508Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Higher coffee intake has been purportedly related to a lower risk of liver cancer. However, it remains unclear whether this association may be accounted for by specific biological mechanisms. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the potential mediating roles of inflammatory, metabolic, liver injury, and iron metabolism biomarkers on the association between coffee intake and the primary form of liver cancer-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Design: We conducted a prospective nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition among 125 incident HCC cases matched to 250 controls using an incidence-density sampling procedure. The association of coffee intake with HCC risk was evaluated by using multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression that accounted for smoking, alcohol consumption, hepatitis infection, and other established liver cancer risk factors. The mediating effects of 21 biomarkers were evaluated on the basis of percentage changes and associated 95% CIs in the estimated regression coefficients of models with and without adjustment for biomarkers individually and in combination. Results: The multivariable-adjusted RR of having >= 4 cups (600mL) coffee/d compared with <2 cups (300 mL)/d was 0.25 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.62; P-trend = 0.006). A statistically significant attenuation of the association between coffee intake and HCC risk and thereby suspected mediation was confirmed for the inflammatory biomarker IL-6 and for the biomarkers of hepatocellular injury glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and total bilirubin, which-in combination-attenuated the regression coefficients by 72% (95% CI: 7%, 239%). Of the investigated biomarkers, IL-6, AST, and GGT produced the highest change in the regression coefficients: 40%, 56%, and 60%, respectively. Conclusion: These data suggest that the inverse association of coffee intake with HCC risk was partly accounted for by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury.

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  • 9. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jenab, Mazda
    Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H
    Jansen, Eugene
    van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Riboli, Elio
    Romaguera, Dora
    Overvad, Kim
    Ostergaard, Jane Nautrup
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Morois, Sophie
    Masala, Giovanna
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Panico, Salvatore
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Naska, Androniki
    Bamia, Christina
    Peeters, Petra H
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Buckland, Genevieve
    Sánchez, María-José
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Huerta, Jose-María
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Palmqvist, Richard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nicholas
    Allen, Naomi E
    Tsilidis, Konstantinos K
    Pischon, Tobias
    Metabolic syndrome and risks of colon and rectal cancer: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study.2011In: Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), ISSN 1940-6215, Vol. 4, no 11, p. 1873-83Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is purportedly related to risk of developing colorectal cancer; however, the association of MetS, as defined according to recent international criteria, and colorectal cancer has not been yet evaluated. In particular, it remains unclear to what extent the MetS components individually account for such an association. We addressed these issues in a nested case-control study that included 1,093 incident cases matched (1:1) to controls by using incidence density sampling. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% CIs. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATPIII), the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and the 2009 harmonized definition. Among individual components, abdominal obesity (RR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.16-1.96) was associated with colon cancer, whereas abnormal glucose metabolism was associated with both colon (RR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.57-2.68) and rectal cancer (RR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.45-2.96). MetS, as defined by each of the definitions, was similarly associated with colon cancer (e.g., RR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.47-2.42 for MetS by NCEP/ATPIII), whereas MetS by NCEP/ATPIII, but not IDF or harmonized definition, was associated with rectal cancer (RR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.02-2.06). Overall, these associations were stronger in women than in men. However, the association between MetS and colorectal cancer was accounted for by abdominal obesity and abnormal glucose metabolism such that MetS did not provide risk information beyond these components (likelihood ratio test P = 0.10 for MetS by NCEP/ATPIII). These data suggest that simple assessment of abnormal glucose metabolism and/or abdominal obesity to identify individuals at colorectal cancer risk may have higher clinical utility than applying more complex MetS definitions. Cancer Prev Res; 4(11); 1873-83. ©2011 AACR.

  • 10. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jenab, Mazda
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Jansen, Eugene
    van Duijnhoven, Fränzel JB
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Riboli, Elio
    Romaguera, Dora
    Westphal, Sabine
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Mattiello, Amalia
    Saieva, Calogero
    Vineis, Paolo
    Tumino, Rosario
    Peeters, Petra H
    Argüelles, Marcial
    Bonet, Catalina
    Sánchez, María-José
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Huerta, Jose-María
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Palmqvist, Richard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Allen, Naomi E
    Crowe, Francesca L
    Pischon, Tobias
    Total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin and risk of colorectal cancer: the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study2012In: Carcinogenesis, ISSN 0143-3334, E-ISSN 1460-2180, Vol. 33, no 6, p. 1211-1218Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Adiponectin - an adipose-tissue-derived protein may provide a molecular link between obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC), but evidence from large prospective studies is limited. In particular, no epidemiological study explored high-molecular-weight (HMW) and non-HMW adiponectin fractions in relation to CRC risk, despite they were hypothesised to have differential biological activities, i.e. regulating insulin sensitivity (HMW-adiponectin) versus inflammatory response (non-HMW-adiponectin). In a prospective nested case-control study we investigated whether pre-diagnostic serum concentrations of total, HMW and non-HMW-adiponectin are associated with risk of CRC, independent of obesity and other known CRC risk factors. A total of 1206 incident cases (755 colon, 451 rectal) were matched to 1206 controls using incidence density sampling. In conditional logistic regression, adjusted for dietary and lifestyle factors, total adiponectin and non-HMW-adiponectin concentrations were inversely associated with risk of CRC [relative risk (RR) comparing highest versus lowest quintile = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.53-0.95, P (trend)=0.03 for total adiponectin and 0.45, 95%CI=0.34-0.61, P (trend)<0.0001 for non-HMW-adiponectin]. HMW-adiponectin concentrations were not associated with CRC risk (RR=0.91, 95%CI=0.68-1.22, P (trend)=0.55). Non-HMW-adiponectin was associated with CRC risk even after adjustment for body mass index and waist circumference (RR=0.39, 95%CI=0.26-0.60, P (trend)<0.0001); whereas the association with total adiponectin was no longer significant (RR=0.81, 95%CI=0.60-1.09, P (trend)=0.23). When stratified by cancer site, non-HMW-adiponectin was inversely associated with both colon and rectal cancer. These findings suggest an important role of the relative proportion of non-HMW-adiponectin in CRC pathogenesis. Future studies are warranted to confirm these results and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

  • 11. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Boeing, Heiner
    Nöthlings, Ute
    Jenab, Mazda
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Lukanova-McGregor, Annekatrin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology. Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Trepo, Elisabeth
    Westhpal, Sabine
    Duarte-Salles, Talita
    Stepien, Magdalena
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Halkjær, Jytte
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Dossus, Laure
    Racine, Antoine
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Bamia, Christina
    Benetou, Vassiliki
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Palli, Domenico
    Panico, Salvatore
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
    Peeters, Petra H
    Gram, Inger Torhild
    Lund, Eiliv
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Quirós, J Ramón
    Agudo, Antonio
    Sánchez, María-José
    Gavrila, Diana
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Ohlsson, Bodil
    Lindkvist, Björn
    Johansson, Anders
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Sund, Malin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nicholas
    Travis, Ruth C
    Riboli, Elio
    Pischon, Tobias
    Inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers and risk of liver and bilary tract cancer2014In: Hepatology, ISSN 0270-9139, E-ISSN 1527-3350, Vol. 60, no 3, p. 858-871Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Obesity and associated metabolic disorders have been implicated in liver carcinogenesis; however there is little data on the role of obesity-related biomarkers on liver cancer risk. We studied prospectively the association of inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers with risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intra-hepatic bile duct (IBD) and gallbladder and bilary tract cancers outside of the liver (GBTC) in a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Over an average of 7.7 years, 296 participants developed HCC (n=125), GBTC (n=137) or IBD (n=34). Using risk set sampling, controls were selected in a 2:1 ratio and matched for recruitment center, age, sex, fasting status, time of blood collection. Baseline serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-peptide, total, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, leptin, fetuin-a, and glutamatdehydrogenase (GLDH) were measured and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI-s) estimated using conditional logistic regression. After adjustment for lifestyle factors, diabetes, hepatitis infection and adiposity measures, higher concentrations of CRP, IL-6, C-peptide and non-HMW adiponectin were associated with higher risk of HCC (IRR per doubling of concentrations = 1.22; 95%CI = 1.02-1.46, P=0.03; 1.90; 95%CI = 1.30-2.77, P=0.001; 2.25; 95%CI = 1.43-3.54, P=0.0005 and 2.09; 95%CI = 1.19-3.67, P=0.01, respectively). CRP was associated also with risk of GBTC (IRR = 1.22; 95%CI = 1.05-1.42, P=0.01). GLDH was associated with risks of HCC (IRR = 1.62; 95%CI = 1.25-2.11, P=0.0003) and IBD (IRR = 10.5; 95%CI = 2.20-50.90, P=0.003). The continuous net reclassification index was 0.63 for CRP, IL-6, C-peptide and non-HMW adiponectin, and 0.46 for GLDH indicating good predictive ability of these biomarkers. Conclusion: Elevated levels of biomarkers of inflammation and hyperinsulinemia are associated with a higher risk of HCC, independent of obesity and established liver cancer risk factors.

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  • 12. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Drogan, Dagmar
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jenab, Mazda
    Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H
    Jansen, Eugene
    van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Riboli, Elio
    Gunter, Marc J
    Romaguera, Dora
    Westhpal, Sabine
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Halkjaer, Jytte
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Vidalis, Pavlos
    Panico, Salvatore
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Buckland, Genevieve
    Sánchez-Cruz, José-Juan
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Díaz, María José Tormo
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Ramon Quiros, J
    Peeters, Petra H
    May, Anne M
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Palmqvist, Richard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Crowe, Francesca L
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nickolas
    Pischon, Tobias
    Adiposity, mediating biomarkers and risk of colon cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study2014In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 134, no 3, p. 612-621Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Adiposity is a risk factor for colon cancer, but underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We evaluated the extent to which 11 biomarkers with inflammatory and metabolic actions mediate the association of adiposity measures, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI), with colon cancer in men and women. We analyzed data from a prospective nested case-control study among 662 incident colon cancer cases matched within risk sets to 662 controls. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression. The percent effect change and corresponding CIs were estimated after adjusting for biomarkers shown to be associated with colon cancer risk. After multivariable adjustment, WC was associated with colon cancer risk in men (top vs. bottom tertile RR 1.68, 95% CI 1.06-2.65; ptrend  = 0.02) and in women (RR 1.67, 95% CI 1.09-2.56; ptrend  = 0.03). BMI was associated with risk only in men. The association of WC with colon cancer was accounted mostly for by three biomarkers, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-molecular-weight adiponectin and soluble leptin receptor, which in combination explained 46% (95% CI 37-57%) of the association in men and 50% (95% CI 40-65%) of the association in women. Similar results were observed for the associations with BMI in men. These data suggest that alterations in levels of these metabolic biomarkers may represent a primary mechanism of action in the relation of adiposity with colon cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine whether altering their concentrations may reduce colon cancer risk.

  • 13. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Jenab, Mazda
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jansen, Eugene
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Riboli, Elio
    Overvad, Kim
    Dahm, Christina C
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Morois, Sophie
    Palli, Domenico
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Panico, Salvatore
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    van Duijnhoven, Fränzel JB
    Leufkens, Anke M
    Peeters, Petra H
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Bonet, Catalina
    Sánchez, María-José
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Navarro, Carmen
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Palmqvist, Richard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nicholas
    Allen, Naomi E
    Spencer, Elizabeth
    Romaguera, Dora
    Norat, Teresa
    Pischon, Tobias
    Circulating C-reactive protein concentrations and risks of colon and rectal cancer: a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition2010In: American Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0002-9262, E-ISSN 1476-6256, Vol. 172, no 4, p. 407-418Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The authors investigated associations between serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and colon and rectal cancer risk in a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (1992-2003) among 1,096 incident cases and 1,096 controls selected using risk-set sampling and matched on study center, age, sex, time of blood collection, fasting status, menopausal status, menstrual cycle phase, and hormone replacement therapy. In conditional logistic regression with adjustment for education, smoking, nutritional factors, body mass index, and waist circumference, CRP showed a significant nonlinear association with colon cancer risk but not rectal cancer risk. Multivariable-adjusted relative risks for CRP concentrations of > or = 3.0 mg/L versus <1.0 mg/L were 1.36 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.85; P-trend = 0.01) for colon cancer and 1.02 (95% CI: 0.67, 1.57; P-trend = 0.65) for rectal cancer. Colon cancer risk was significantly increased in men (relative risk = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.73; P-trend = 0.01) but not in women (relative risk = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.67, 1.68; P-trend = 0.13). Additional adjustment for C-peptide, glycated hemoglobin, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol did not attenuate these results. These data provide evidence that elevated CRP concentrations are related to a higher risk of colon cancer but not rectal cancer, predominantly among men and independently of obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia.

  • 14. Allen, N E
    et al.
    Key, T J
    Appleby, P N
    Travis, R C
    Roddam, A W
    Tjønneland, A
    Johnsen, N F
    Overvad, K
    Linseisen, J
    Rohrmann, S
    Boeing, H
    Pischon, T
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B
    Kiemeney, L
    Tagliabue, G
    Palli, D
    Vineis, P
    Tumino, R
    Trichopoulou, A
    Kassapa, C
    Trichopoulos, D
    Ardanaz, E
    Larrañaga, N
    Tormo, M-J
    González, C A
    Quirós, J R
    Sánchez, M-J
    Bingham, S
    Khaw, K-T
    Manjer, J
    Berglund, G
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. Urologi och andrologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Slimani, N
    Ferrari, P
    Rinaldi, S
    Riboli, E
    Animal foods, protein, calcium and prostate cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.2008In: Br J Cancer, ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 98, no 9, p. 1574-81Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 15. Allen, Naomi E
    et al.
    Appleby, Paul N
    Key, Timothy J
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B
    Ros, Martine M
    Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Roswall, Nina
    Overvad, Kim
    Weikert, Steffen
    Boeing, Heiner
    Chang-Claude, Jenny
    Teucher, Birgit
    Panico, Salvatore
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Tumino, Rosario
    Palli, Domenico
    Sieri, Sabina
    Peeters, Petra
    Quirós, Jose Ramón
    Jakszyn, Paula
    Molina-Montes, Esther
    Chirlaque, María-Dolores
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Ljungberg, Börje
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Ehrnström, Roy
    Ericson, Ulrika
    Gram, Inger Torhild
    Parr, Christine L
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Karapetyan, Tina
    Dilis, Vardis
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Fagherrazzi, Guy
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Gunter, Marc J
    Riboli, Elio
    Macronutrient intake and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition2013In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 132, no 3, p. 635-644Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous studies have suggested that dietary factors may be important in the development of bladder cancer. We examined macronutrient intake in relation to risk of urothelial cell carcinoma among 469,339 men and women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Associations were examined using Cox regression, stratified by sex, age at recruitment and centre and further adjusted for smoking status and duration, body mass index and total energy intake. After an average of 11.3 years of follow-up, 1,416 new cases of urothelial cell carcinoma were identified. After allowing for measurement error, a 3% increase in the consumption of energy intake from animal protein was associated with a 15% higher risk (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3-30%; p(trend) = 0.01) and a 2% increase in energy from plant protein intake was associated with a 23% lower risk (95% CI: 36-7%, p(trend) = 0.006). Dietary intake of fat, carbohydrate, fibre or calcium was not associated with risk. These findings suggest that animal and/or plant protein may affect the risk of urothelial cell carcinoma, and examination of these associations in other studies is needed.

  • 16. Allen, Naomi E
    et al.
    Appleby, Paul N
    Roddam, Andrew W
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Johnsen, Nina Føns
    Overvad, Kim
    Boeing, Heiner
    Weikert, Steffen
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Misirli, Gesthimani
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Grioni, Sara
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, Rosario
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Kiemeney, Lambertus A
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Sánchez, Maria-José
    Agudo, Antonio
    Tormo, María-José
    Rodriguez, Laudina
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. Urologi och andrologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Slimani, Nadia
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Riboli, Elio
    Key, Timothy J
    Plasma selenium concentration and prostate cancer risk: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).2008In: Am J Clin Nutr, ISSN 0002-9165, Vol. 88, no 6, p. 1567-1575Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 17. Allen, Naomi E
    et al.
    Roddam, Andrew W
    Sieri, Sabina
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Halkjær, Jytte
    Vineis, Paolo
    Contiero, Paolo
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, Rosario
    Mattiello, Amalia
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Zilis, Demosthenes
    Koumantaki, Yvoni
    Peeters, Petra H
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Sánchez, Maria-José
    Chirlaque, María Dolores
    Esquius, Laura
    Manjer, Jonas
    Wallström, Peter
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Ljungberg, Börje
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Norat, Teresa
    Mouw, Traci
    Riboli, Elio
    A prospective analysis of the association between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.2009In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 125, no 4, p. 982-987Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous case-control studies have suggested that a high intake of animal foods and its associated nutrients are associated with an increased risk of renal cell carcinoma, although data from prospective studies are limited. We report here on the relationship between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma incidence among 435,293 participants enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of dietary intake of fat, protein, carbohydrate, fiber and cholesterol and risk of renal cell carcinoma adjusted for age, sex, center, height, body mass index, physical activity, education, smoking, menopausal status, alcohol and energy intake. During an average 8.8 years of follow-up, 507 renal cell carcinoma cases occurred. Risk of renal cell carcinoma was not associated with macronutrient intake, including nutrients derived from animal sources. Our results indicate that macronutrient intake is not associated with risk of renal cell carcinoma in this cohort of European men and women. (c) 2009 UICC.

  • 18. Almquist, Martin
    et al.
    Johansen, Dorthe
    Björge, Tone
    Ulmer, Hanno
    Lindkvist, Björn
    Stocks, Tanja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Engeland, Anders
    Rapp, Kilian
    Jonsson, Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Selmer, Randi
    Diem, Guenter
    Häggström, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Tretli, Steinar
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Manjer, Jonas
    Metabolic factors and risk of thyroid cancer in the Metabolic syndrome and Cancer project (Me-Can)2011In: Cancer Causes and Control, ISSN 0957-5243, E-ISSN 1573-7225, Vol. 22, no 5, p. 743-751Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective  To investigate metabolic factors and their possible impact on risk of thyroid cancer. Methods  A prospective cohort study was conducted based on seven population-based cohorts in Norway, Austria, and Sweden, in the Metabolic syndrome and Cancer project (Me-Can). Altogether 578,700 men and women with a mean age of 44.0 years at baseline were followed for on average 12.0 years. Relative risk of incident thyroid cancer was assessed by levels of BMI, blood pressure, and blood levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and by a combined metabolic syndrome (MetS) score. Risk estimates were investigated for quintiles, and a z score distribution of exposures was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results  During follow-up, 255 women and 133 men were diagnosed with thyroid cancer. In women, there was an inverse association between glucose and thyroid cancer risk, with adjusted RR: 95% CI was 0.61 (0.41–0.90), p trend = 0.02 in the fifth versus the first quintile, and a positive association between BMI and thyroid cancer risk with a significant trend over quintiles. There was no association between the other metabolic factors, single or combined (Met-S), and thyroid cancer. Conclusion  In women, BMI was positively, while blood glucose levels were inversely, associated with thyroid cancer.

  • 19. Al-Zoughool, Mustafa
    et al.
    Dossus, Laure
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Olsen, Anja
    Overvad, Kim
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Gauthier, Estelle
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Chang-Claude, Jenny
    Boeing, Heiner
    Schulz, Mandy
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Chryssa, Travezea
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Berrino, Franco
    Palli, Domenico
    Mattiello, Amalia
    Tumino, Rosario
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C
    Peeters, Petra H M
    Gram, Inger T
    Braaten, Tonje
    Lund, Eiliv
    Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Agudo, Antonio
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Quirós, Jose Ramon
    Berglund, Göran
    Manjer, Jonas
    Lundin, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology. Patologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Bingham, Sheila
    Allen, Naomi
    Key, Tim
    Jenab, Mazda
    Cust, Anne E
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Riboli, Elio
    Risk of endometrial cancer in relationship to cigarette smoking: Results from the EPIC study.2007In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 121, no 12, p. 2741-7Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 20. Amundadottir, Laufey
    et al.
    Kraft, Peter
    Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z
    Fuchs, Charles S
    Petersen, Gloria M
    Arslan, Alan A
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Gross, Myron
    Helzlsouer, Kathy
    Jacobs, Eric J
    Lacroix, Andrea
    Zheng, Wei
    Albanes, Demetrius
    Bamlet, William
    Berg, Christine D
    Berrino, Franco
    Bingham, Sheila
    Buring, Julie E
    Bracci, Paige M
    Canzian, Federico
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Clipp, Sandra
    Cotterchio, Michelle
    de Andrade, Mariza
    Duell, Eric J
    Fox Jr, John W
    Gallinger, Steven
    Gaziano, J Michael
    Giovannucci, Edward L
    Goggins, Michael
    González, Carlos A
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Hankinson, Susan E
    Hassan, Manal
    Holly, Elizabeth A
    Hunter, David J
    Hutchinson, Amy
    Jackson, Rebecca
    Jacobs, Kevin B
    Jenab, Mazda
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Klein, Alison P
    Kooperberg, Charles
    Kurtz, Robert C
    Li, Donghui
    Lynch, Shannon M
    Mandelson, Margaret
    McWilliams, Robert R
    Mendelsohn, Julie B
    Michaud, Dominique S
    Olson, Sara H
    Overvad, Kim
    Patel, Alpa V
    Peeters, Petra H M
    Rajkovic, Aleksandar
    Riboli, Elio
    Risch, Harvey A
    Shu, Xiao-Ou
    Thomas, Gilles
    Tobias, Geoffrey S
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Van Den Eeden, Stephen K
    Virtamo, Jarmo
    Wactawski-Wende, Jean
    Wolpin, Brian M
    Yu, Herbert
    Yu, Kai
    Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne
    Chanock, Stephen J
    Hartge, Patricia
    Hoover, Robert N
    Genome-wide association study identifies variants in the ABO locus associated with susceptibility to pancreatic cancer.2009In: Nature Genetics, ISSN 1061-4036, E-ISSN 1546-1718, ISSN EISSN: 1546-1718, Vol. 41, p. 986-990Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of pancreatic cancer, a cancer with one of the lowest survival rates worldwide. We genotyped 558,542 SNPs in 1,896 individuals with pancreatic cancer and 1,939 controls drawn from 12 prospective cohorts plus one hospital-based case-control study. We conducted a combined analysis of these groups plus an additional 2,457 affected individuals and 2,654 controls from eight case-control studies, adjusting for study, sex, ancestry and five principal components. We identified an association between a locus on 9q34 and pancreatic cancer marked by the SNP rs505922 (combined P = 5.37 x 10(-8); multiplicative per-allele odds ratio 1.20; 95% confidence interval 1.12-1.28). This SNP maps to the first intron of the ABO blood group gene. Our results are consistent with earlier epidemiologic evidence suggesting that people with blood group O may have a lower risk of pancreatic cancer than those with groups A or B.

  • 21.
    Andersson, Jonas
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Jansson, Jan-Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Hellsten, Gideon
    Nilsson, Torbjörn K
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Boman, Kurt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Effects of heavy endurance physical exercise on inflammatory markers in non-athletes2010In: Atherosclerosis, ISSN 0021-9150, E-ISSN 1879-1484, Vol. 209, no 2, p. 601-605Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: Physical activity has beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease but the mechanisms are still somewhat unclear. One possible pathway may be through the anti-inflammatory effects attributed to regular physical activity. Our primary aim was to study the effects of endurance physical exercise on C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNFalpha) during the acute and recovery phases. Secondarily, we studied the impact of diet on these inflammatory markers.

    METHODS: Twenty men, aged 18-55 years, participated in a 14 days cross-country skiing tour. They traveled 12-30km per day corresponding to about 10h of heavy physical activity. The participants were randomized to a diet with either 30 or 40% of energy derived from fat. Inflammatory variables were analysed at week 0, after 1 and 2 weeks and during the recovery phase at week 6 and 8.

    RESULTS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly during the two weeks of exercise (1.4-5.0mg/l, p=0.00 and 6.8-8.4pg/ml, p=0.00). CRP levels were significantly lower during recovery (median 0.7mg/l) compared to baseline (median 1.4mg/l) and did not correlate to metabolic variables. There were no significant changes in IL-6 levels during the study period. For dietary groups significant CRP changes were observed only in the high fat group during recovery.

    CONCLUSIONS: CRP and TNFalpha increased significantly but reacted differently during heavy physical activity while there seemed to be no significant changes in IL-6. No significant differences regarding inflammatory variables were found between the dietary groups.

  • 22.
    Andersson, Kristin
    et al.
    Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Malm ö , Sweden.
    Bray, Freddie
    Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway.
    Arbyn, Marc
    Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Scientifi c Institute of Public Health, Brussels, Belgium.
    Storm, Hans
    Cancer Prevention and Documentation, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Zanetti, Roberto
    Piedmont Cancer Registry – CPO, Torino, Italy.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Coebergh, Jan W
    Comprehensive Cancer Centre South, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Dillner, Joakim
    Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    The interface of population-based cancer registries and biobanks in etiological and clinical research: current and future perspectives2010In: Acta Oncologica, ISSN 0284-186X, E-ISSN 1651-226X, Vol. 49, no 8, p. 1227-1234Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The availability of quality assured, population-based cancer registries and biobanks with high quality samples makes it possible to conduct research on large samples sets with long follow-up within a reasonable time frame. Defined quality for both cancer registries and biobanks is essential for enabling high quality biobank-based research. Recent networking projects have brought these infrastructures together to promote the combined use of cancer registries and biobanks in cancer research.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this report we review the current status and future perspectives of cancer registries and biobanks and how the interface between them should be developed to optimally further cancer research.

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Major conclusions for future improvements are that the research exploiting cancer registries and biobanks, and the research that is building and optimising the infrastructure, should evolve together for maximally relevant progress. Population-based and sustainable biobanks that continuously and consecutively store all samples ("Biological registries") under strict quality control are needed. There is also a need for increased education, information and visibility of the interdisciplinary sciences required for optimal exploitation of these resources.

  • 23. Anttila, Tarja
    et al.
    Tenkanen, Leena
    Lumme, Sonja
    Leinonen, Maija
    Gislefoss, Randi Elin
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Thoresen, Steinar
    Hakulinen, Timo
    Luostarinen, Tapio
    Stattin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. Urologi och andrologi.
    Saikku, Pekka
    Dillner, Joakim
    Lehtinen, Matti
    Hakama, Matti
    Chlamydial antibodies and risk of prostate cancer.2005In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 14, no 2, p. 385-9Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 24.
    Arslan, Alan A
    et al.
    Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
    Clendenen, Tess V
    Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
    Koenig, Karen L
    Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
    Hultdin, Johan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical chemistry.
    Enquist, Kerstin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Ågren, Åsa
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
    Sjodin, Hubert
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences.
    Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne
    Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
    Shore, Roy E
    Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Toniolo, Paolo
    Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine.
    Lundin, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Circulating vitamin d and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer2009In: Journal of oncology, ISSN 1687-8450, Vol. 2009, p. 672492-672500Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We conducted a nested case-control study within two prospective cohorts, the New York University Women's Health Study and the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study, to examine the association between prediagnostic circulating levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and the risk of subsequent invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The 25(OH)D levels were measured in serum or plasma from 170 incident cases of EOC and 373 matched controls. Overall, circulating 25(OH)D levels were not associated with the risk of EOC in combined cohort analysis: adjusted OR for the top tertile versus the reference tertile, 1.09 (95% CI, 0.59-2.01). In addition, there was no evidence of an interaction effect between VDR SNP genotype or haplotype and circulating 25(OH)D levels in relation to ovarian cancer risk, although more complex gene-environment interactions may exist.

  • 25. Arslan, Alan A.
    et al.
    Koenig, Karen L.
    Lenner, Per
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Afanasyeva, Yelena
    Shore, Roy E.
    Chen, Yu
    Lundin, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences.
    Toniolo, Paolo
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Circulating Estrogen Metabolites and Risk of Breast Cancer in Postmenopausal Women2014In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, E-ISSN 1538-7755, Vol. 23, no 7, p. 1290-1297Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: It has been hypothesized that predominance of the 2-hydroxylation estrogen metabolism pathway over the 16 alpha-hydroxylation pathway may be inversely associated with breast cancer risk. Methods: We examined the associations of invasive breast cancer risk with circulating 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1), 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone (16 alpha-OHE1), and the 2-OHE1: 16 alpha-OHE1 ratio in a case-control study of postmenopausal women nested within two prospective cohorts: the New York University Women's Health Study (NYUWHS) and the Northern Sweden Mammary Screening Cohort (NSMSC), with adjustment for circulating levels of estrone, and additional analyses by tumor estrogen receptor (ER) status. Levels of 2-OHE1 and 16 alpha-OHE1 were measured using ESTRAMET 2/16 assay in stored serum or plasma samples from 499 incident breast cancer cases and 499 controls, who were matched on cohort, age, and date of blood donation. Results: Overall, no significant associations were observed between breast cancer risk and circulating levels of 2-OHE1, 16 alpha-OHE1, or their ratio in either cohort and in combined analyses. For 2-OHE1, there was evidence of heterogeneity by ER status in models adjusting for estrone (P <= 0.03). We observed a protective association of 2-OHE1 with ER + breast cancer [multivariate-adjusted OR for a doubling of 2-OHE1, 0.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48-0.94; P = 0.02)]. Conclusions: In this study, higher levels of 2-OHE1 were associated with reduced risk of ER + breast cancer in postmenopausal women after adjustment for circulating estrone. Impact: These results suggest that taking into account the levels of parent estrogens and ER status is important in studies of estrogen metabolites and breast cancer.

  • 26. Asli, Lene A.
    et al.
    Braaten, Tonje
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Overvad, Kim
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Renstrom, Frida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.
    Lund, Eiliv
    Skeie, Guri
    Potato consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer in the HELGA cohort2018In: British Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 0007-1145, E-ISSN 1475-2662, Vol. 119, no 12, p. 1408-1415Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Potatoes have been a staple food in many countries throughout the years. Potatoes have a high glycaemic index (GI) score, and high GI has been associated with several chronic diseases and cancers. Still, the research on potatoes and health is scarce and contradictive, and we identified no prospective studies that had investigated the association between potatoes as a single food and the risk of pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the association between potato consumption and pancreatic cancer among 114 240 men and women in the prospective HELGA cohort, using Cox proportional hazard models. Information on diet (validated FFQ's), lifestyle and health was collected by means of a questionnaire, and 221 pancreatic cancer cases were identified through cancer registries. The mean follow-up time was 11.4 (95 % CI 0.3, 169) years. High consumption of potatoes showed a non-significantly higher risk of pancreatic cancer in the adjusted model (hazard ratio (HR) 1.44; 95 % CI 0.93, 2.22, P-for trend 0.030) when comparing the highest v. the lowest quartile of potato consumption. In the sex-specific analyses, significant associations were found for females (HR 2.00; 95 % CI 1.07, 3.72, P-for trend 0.020), but not for males (HR 1.01; 95 % CI 0.56, 1.84, P-for trend 0.34). In addition, we explored the associations by spline regression, and the absence of dose-response effects was confirmed. In this study, high potato consumption was not consistently associated with a higher risk of pancreatic cancer. Further studies with larger populations are needed to explore the possible sex difference.

  • 27. Assi, Nada
    et al.
    Moskal, Aurelie
    Slimani, Nadia
    Viallon, Vivian
    Chajes, Veronique
    Freisling, Heinz
    Monni, Stefano
    Knueppel, Sven
    Foerster, Jana
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Lujan-Barroso, Leila
    Amiano, Pilar
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Molina-Montes, Esther
    Salmeron, Diego
    Ramon Quiros, Jose
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Dahm, Christina C.
    Overvad, Kim
    Dossus, Laure
    Fournier, Agnes
    Baglietto, Laura
    Fortner, Renee Turzanski
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Bamia, Christina
    Orfanos, Philippos
    De Magistris, Maria Santucci
    Masala, Giovanna
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Ricceri, Fulvio
    Tumino, Rosario
    de Mesquita, H. Bas Bueno
    Bakker, Marije F.
    Peeters, Petra H. M.
    Skeie, Guri
    Braaten, Tonje
    Winkvist, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Key, Tim
    Travis, Ruth
    Schmidt, Julie A.
    Merritt, Melissa A.
    Riboli, Elio
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Ferrari, Pietro
    A treelet transform analysis to relate nutrient patterns to the risk of hormonal receptor-defined breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)2016In: Public Health Nutrition, ISSN 1368-9800, E-ISSN 1475-2727, Vol. 19, no 2, p. 242-254Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective Pattern analysis has emerged as a tool to depict the role of multiple nutrients/foods in relation to health outcomes. The present study aimed at extracting nutrient patterns with respect to breast cancer (BC) aetiology. Design Nutrient patterns were derived with treelet transform (TT) and related to BC risk. TT was applied to twenty-three log-transformed nutrient densities from dietary questionnaires. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals computed using Cox proportional hazards models quantified the association between quintiles of nutrient pattern scores and risk of overall BC, and by hormonal receptor and menopausal status. Principal component analysis was applied for comparison. Setting The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Subjects Women (n 334 850) from the EPIC study. Results The first TT component (TC1) highlighted a pattern rich in nutrients found in animal foods loading on cholesterol, protein, retinol, vitamins B-12 and D, while the second TT component (TC2) reflected a diet rich in -carotene, riboflavin, thiamin, vitamins C and B-6, fibre, Fe, Ca, K, Mg, P and folate. While TC1 was not associated with BC risk, TC2 was inversely associated with BC risk overall (HRQ5 v. Q1=089, 95 % CI 083, 095, P-trend<001) and showed a significantly lower risk in oestrogen receptor-positive (HRQ5 v. Q1=089, 95 % CI 081, 098, P-trend=002) and progesterone receptor-positive tumours (HRQ5 v. Q1=087, 95 % CI 077, 098, P-trend<001). Conclusions TT produces readily interpretable sparse components explaining similar amounts of variation as principal component analysis. Our results suggest that participants with a nutrient pattern high in micronutrients found in vegetables, fruits and cereals had a lower risk of BC.

  • 28.
    Backeström, Anna
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Papadopoulos, Konstantin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Eriksson, Sture
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Olsson, Tommy
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Andersson, Micael
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Integrative Medical Biology (IMB). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå Centre for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI).
    Blennow, Kaj
    Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mö lndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mö lndal, Sweden.
    Zetterberg, Henrik
    Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mö lndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Ucl Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom; UK Dementia Research Institute at Ucl, London, United Kingdom.
    Nyberg, Lars
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Integrative Medical Biology (IMB). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå Centre for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Acute hyperglycaemia leads to altered frontal lobe brain activity and reduced working memory in type 2 diabetes2021In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 16, no 3, article id e0247753Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    How acute hyperglycaemia affects memory functions and functional brain responses in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes is unclear. Our aim was to study the association between acute hyperglycaemia and working, semantic, and episodic memory in participants with type 2 diabetes compared to a sex- A nd age-matched control group. We also assessed the effect of hyperglycaemia on working memory-related brain activity. A total of 36 participants with type 2 diabetes and 34 controls (mean age, 66 years) underwent hyperglycaemic clamp or placebo clamp in a blinded and randomised order. Working, episodic, and semantic memory were tested. Overall, the control group had higher working memory (mean z-score 33.15 ± 0.45) than the group with type 2 diabetes (mean z-score 31.8 ± 0.44, p = 0.042) considering both the placebo and hyperglycaemic clamps. Acute hyperglycaemia did not influence episodic, semantic, or working memory performance in either group. Twenty-two of the participants (10 cases, 12 controls, mean age 69 years) were randomly invited to undergo the same clamp procedures to challenge working memory, using 1-, 2-, and 3-back, while monitoring brain activity by blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The participants with type 2 diabetes had reduced working memory during the 1- A nd 2-back tests. fMRI during placebo clamp revealed increased BOLD signal in the left lateral frontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex as a function of working memory load in both groups (3>2>1). During hyperglycaemia, controls showed a similar load-dependent fMRI response, whereas the type 2 diabetes group showed decreased BOLD response from 2-to 3-back. These results suggest that impaired glucose metabolism in the brain affects working memory, possibly by reducing activity in important frontal brain areas in persons with type 2 diabetes.

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  • 29. Baltar, Valéria Troncoso
    et al.
    Xun, Wei W
    Chuang, Shu-Chun
    Relton, Caroline
    Ueland, Per Magne
    Vollset, Stein Emil
    Midttun, Øivind
    Johansson, Mattias
    Slimani, Nadia
    Jenab, Mazda
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Boeing, Heiner
    Weikert, Cornelia
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C
    van Gils, Carla H
    Peeters, Petra H M
    Agudo, Antonio
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Navarro, Carmen
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Castaño, José Maria Huerta
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Pérez, Maria José Sánchez
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Allen, Naomi E
    Crowe, Francesca
    Gallo, Valentina
    Norat, Teresa
    Tagliabue, Giovanna
    Masala, Giovanna
    Panico, Salvatore
    Sacerdote, Carlota
    Tumino, Rosario
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Bamia, Christina
    Rasmuson, Torgny
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Roswall, Nina
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Riboli, Elio
    Brennan, Paul
    Vineis, Paolo
    Smoking, secondhand smoke, and cotinine levels in a subset of EPIC cohort2011In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, E-ISSN 1538-7755, Vol. 20, no 5, p. 869-875Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Several countries are discussing new legislation regarding the ban on smoking in public places, based on the growing evidence of the hazards of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure. The objective of the present study is to quantitatively assess the relationship between smoking, SHS, and serum cotinine levels in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

    Methods: From a study on lung cancer in the EPIC cohort, questionnaire information on smoking was collected at enrolment, and cotinine was measured in serum. Three statistical models were applied by using samples available in a cross-section design: (i) cotinine levels by categories combining smoking and SHS (n = 859); (ii) the effect of hours of passive smoking exposure in nonsmokers only (n = 107); (iii) the effect of the number of cigarettes consumed per day in current smokers only (n = 832). All models were adjusted for country, sex, age, and body mass index.

    Results: Among nonsmokers, passive smokers presented significant differences in cotinine compared with nonexposed, with a marked (but not significant) difference among former-smokers. A one hour per day increment of SHS gave rise to a significant 2.58 nmol/L (0.45 ng/mL) increase in mean serum cotinine (P < 0.001). In current smokers, a one cigarette per day increment gave rise to a significant 22.44 nmol/L (3.95 ng/mL) increase in cotinine mean (P < 0.001).

    Conclusions: There is clear evidence that not only tobacco smoking but also involuntary exposure increases cotinine levels.

    Impact: This study strengthens the evidence for the benefits of a smoking ban in public places.

  • 30. Baltar, Valéria Troncoso
    et al.
    Xun, Wei W
    Johansson, Mattias
    International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Chuang, Shu-Chun
    Relton, Caroline
    Ueland, Per Magne
    Midttun, Oivind
    Slimani, Nadia
    Jenab, Mazda
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Boeing, Heiner
    Weikert, Cornelia
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
    Boshuizen, Hendriek
    van Gils, Carla H
    Onland-Moret, N Charlotte
    Agudo, Antonio
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Navarro, Carmen
    Rodríguez, Laudina
    Castaño, José Maria Huerta
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Allen, Naomi E
    Crowe, Francesca
    Gallo, Valentina
    Norat, Teresa
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Masala, Giovanna
    Panico, Salvatore
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Tumino, Rosario
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Rasmuson, Torgny
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Roswall, Nina
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Riboli, Elio
    Brennan, Paul
    Vineis, Paolo
    A structural equation modelling approach to explore the role of B vitamins and immune markers in lung cancer risk2013In: European Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0393-2990, E-ISSN 1573-7284, Vol. 28, no 8, p. 677-688Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The one-carbon metabolism (OCM) is considered key in maintaining DNA integrity and regulating gene expression, and may be involved in the process of carcinogenesis. Several B-vitamins and amino acids have been implicated in lung cancer risk, via the OCM directly as well as immune system activation. However it is unclear whether these factors act independently or through complex mechanisms. The current study applies structural equations modelling (SEM) to further disentangle the mechanisms involved in lung carcinogenesis. SEM allows simultaneous estimation of linear relations where a variable can be the outcome in one equation and the predictor in another, as well as allowing estimation using latent variables (factors estimated by correlation matrix). A large number of biomarkers have been analysed from 891 lung cancer cases and 1,747 controls nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Four putative mechanisms in the OCM and immunity were investigated in relation to lung cancer risk: methionine-homocysteine metabolism, folate cycle, transsulfuration, and mechanisms involved in inflammation and immune activation, all adjusted for tobacco exposure. The hypothesized SEM model confirmed a direct and protective effect for factors representing methionine-homocysteine metabolism (p = 0.020) and immune activation (p = 0.021), and an indirect protective effect of folate cycle (p = 0.019), after adjustment for tobacco smoking. In conclusion, our results show that in the investigation of the involvement of the OCM, the folate cycle and immune system in lung carcinogenesis, it is important to consider complex pathways (by applying SEM) rather than the effects of single vitamins or nutrients (e.g. using traditional multiple regression). In our study SEM were able to suggest a greater role of the methionine-homocysteine metabolism and immune activation over other potential mechanisms.

  • 31. Bamia, C
    et al.
    Halkjaer, J
    Lagiou, P
    Trichopoulos, D
    Tjønneland, A
    Berentzen, T L
    Overvad, K
    Clavel-Chapelon, F
    Boutron-Ruault, M-C
    Rohrmann, S
    Linseisen, J
    Steffen, A
    Boeing, H
    May, A M
    Peeters, P H
    Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H
    van den Berg, S W
    Dorronsoro, M
    Barricarte, A
    Rodriguez Suarez, L
    Navarro, C
    González, C A
    Boffetta, P
    Pala, V
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Trichopoulou, A
    Weight change in later life and risk of death amongst the elderly: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Elderly Network on Ageing and Health study2010In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 268, no 2, p. 133-144Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: Later life weight change and mortality amongst elders. DESIGN: Nested case-control study. SETTING: Six countries from the European Investigation into Cancer and nutrition-Elderly, Network on Ageing and Health. SUBJECTS: A total of 1712 deceased (cases) and 4942 alive (controls) were selected from 34,239 participants, > or = 60 years at enrolment (1992-2000) who were followed-up until March 2007. Annual weight change was estimated as the weight difference from recruitment to the most distant from-date-of-death re-assessment, divided by the respective time. OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality in relation to weight change was examined using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Weight loss > 1 kg year(-1) was associated with statistically significant increased death risk (OR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.41-1.92) compared to minimal weight change (+/-1 kg year(-1)). Weight gain > 1 kg year(-1) was also associated with increased risk of death (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 0.98-1.37), but this was evident and statistically significant only amongst overweight/obese (OR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.17-2.05). In analyses by time interval since weight re-assessment, the association of mortality with weight loss was stronger for the interval proximal (< 1 year) to death (OR = 3.10; 95% CI: 2.03-4.72). The association of mortality with weight gain was stronger at the interval of more than 3 years and statistically significant only amongst overweight/obese (OR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.07-2.33). Similar patterns were observed regarding death from circulatory diseases and cancer. CONCLUSIONS: In elderly, stable body weight is a predictor of lower subsequent mortality. Weight loss is associated with increased mortality, particularly short-term, probably reflecting underlying nosology. Weight gain, especially amongst overweight/obese elders, is also associated with increased mortality, particularly longer term.

  • 32. Bamia, C.
    et al.
    Lagiou, P.
    Jenab, M.
    Aleksandrova, K.
    Fedirko, V.
    Trichopoulos, D.
    Overvad, K.
    Tjonneland, A.
    Olsen, A.
    Clavel-Chapelon, F.
    Boutron-Ruault, M-C
    Kvaskoff, M.
    Katzke, V. A.
    Kuehn, T.
    Boeing, H.
    Noethlings, U.
    Palli, D.
    Sieri, S.
    Panico, S.
    Tumino, R.
    Naccarati, A.
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(As)
    Peeters, P. H. M.
    Weiderpass, E.
    Skeie, G.
    Quiros, J. R.
    Agudo, A.
    Chirlaque, M-D
    Sanchez, M-J
    Ardanaz, E.
    Dorronsoro, M.
    Ericson, U.
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University.
    Wennberg, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Khaw, K-T
    Wareham, N.
    Key, T. J.
    Travis, R. C.
    Ferrari, P.
    Stepien, M.
    Duarte-Salles, T.
    Norat, T.
    Murphy, N.
    Riboli, E.
    Trichopoulou, A.
    Fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma in a multi-centre, European cohort study2015In: British Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0007-0920, E-ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 112, no 7, p. 1273-1282Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background:Vegetable and/or fruit intakes in association with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been investigated in case-control studies conducted in specific European countries and cohort studies conducted in Asia, with inconclusive results. No multi-centre European cohort has investigated the indicated associations. Methods: In 486 799 men/women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition, we identified 201 HCC cases after 11 years median follow-up. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence for sex-specific quintiles and per 100 g d(-1) increments of vegetable/fruit intakes. Results: Higher vegetable intake was associated with a statistically significant, monotonic reduction of HCC risk: HR (100 g d(-1) increment): 0.83; 95% CI: 0.71-0.98. This association was consistent in sensitivity analyses with no apparent heterogeneity across strata of HCC risk factors. Fruit intake was not associated with HCC incidence: HR (100 g d(-1) increment): 1.01; 95% CI: 0.92-1.11. Conclusions: Vegetable, but not fruit, intake is associated with lower HCC risk with no evidence for heterogeneity of this association in strata of important HCC risk factors. Mechanistic studies should clarify pathways underlying this association. Given that HCC prognosis is poor and that vegetables are practically universally accessible, our results may be important, especially for those at high risk for the disease.

  • 33. Bamia, C
    et al.
    Orfanos, P
    Ferrari, P
    Overvad, K
    Hundborg, HH
    Tjonneland, A
    Olsen, A
    Kesse, E
    Boutron-Ruault, MC
    Clavel-Chapelon, F
    Nagel, G
    Boffetta, P
    Boeing, H
    Hoffmann, K
    Trichopoulos, D
    Baibas, N
    Psaltopoulou, T
    Norat, T
    Slimani, N
    Palli, D
    Krogh, V
    Panico, S
    Tumino, R
    Sacerdote, C
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, HB
    Ocke, MC
    Peeters, PH
    van Rossum, CT
    Quiros, JR
    Sanchez, MJ
    Navarro, C
    Barricarte, A
    Dorronsoro, M
    Berglund, G
    Wirfalt, E
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology, Cariology.
    Bingham, S
    Khaw, KT
    Spencer, EA
    Roddam, AW
    Riboli, E
    Trichopoulou, A
    Dietary patterns among older Europeans: the EPIC-Elderly study.2005In: British Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 0007-1145, E-ISSN 1475-2662, Vol. 94, no 1, p. 100-13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Overall dietary patterns have been associated with health and longevity. We used principal component (PC) and cluster analyses to identify the prevailing dietary patterns of 99 744 participants, aged 60 years or older, living in nine European countries and participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Elderly cohort) and to examine their socio-demographic and lifestyle correlates. Two PC were identified: PC1 reflects a 'vegetable-based' diet with an emphasis on foods of plant origin, rice, pasta and other grain rather than on margarine, potatoes and non-alcoholic beverages. PC2 indicates a 'sweet- and fat-dominated' diet with a preference for sweets, added fat and dairy products but not meat, alcohol, bread and eggs. PC1 was associated with a younger age, a higher level of education, physical activity, a higher BMI, a lower waist:hip ratio and never and past smoking. PC2 was associated with older age, less education, never having smoked, a lower BMI and waist:hip ratio and lower levels of physical activity. Elderly individuals in southern Europe scored positively on PC1 and about zero on PC2, whereas the elderly in northern Europe scored negatively on PC1 and variably on PC2. The results of cluster analysis were compatible with the indicated dietary patterns. 'Vegetable-based' and a 'sweet- and fat-dominated' diets are prevalent among the elderly across Europe, and there is a north-south gradient regarding their dietary choices. Our study contributes to the identification of groups of elderly who are likely to have different prospects for long-term disease occurrence and survival.

  • 34. Bamia, Christina
    et al.
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Jenab, Mazda
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    Pischon, Tobias
    Overvad, Kim
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Racine, Antoine
    Kuhn, Tilman
    Boeing, Heiner
    Floegel, Anna
    Benetou, Vasiliki
    Palli, Domenico
    Grioni, Sara
    Panico, Salvatore
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B As
    Dik, Vincent K
    Bhoo-Pathy, Nirmala
    Uiterwaal, Cuno S P M
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Lund, Eiliv
    Quirós, J Ramón
    Zamora-Ros, Raul
    Molina-Montes, Esther
    Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Lindkvist, Björn
    Wallström, Peter
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University.
    Sund, Malin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Bradbury, Kathryn E
    Travis, Ruth C
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Duarte-Salles, Talita
    Stepien, Magdalena
    Gunter, Marc
    Murphy, Neil
    Riboli, Elio
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Coffee, tea and decaffeinated coffee in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma in a European population: multicentre, prospective cohort study2015In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 136, no 8, p. 1899-1908Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Inverse associations of coffee and/or tea in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk have been consistently identified in studies conducted mostly in Asia where consumption patterns of such beverages differ from Europe. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), we identified 201 HCC cases among 486,799 men/women, after a median follow-up of 11 years. We calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for HCC incidence in relation to quintiles/categories of coffee/tea intakes. We found that increased coffee and tea intakes were consistently associated with lower HCC risk. The inverse associations were substantial, monotonic and statistically significant. Coffee consumers in the highest compared to the lowest quintile had lower HCC risk by 72% [HR: 0.28; 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.16-0.50, p-trend < 0.001]. The corresponding association of tea with HCC risk was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.22-0.78, p-trend = 0.003). There was no compelling evidence of heterogeneity of these associations across strata of important HCC risk factors, including hepatitis B or hepatitis C status (available in a nested case-control study). The inverse, monotonic associations of coffee intake with HCC were apparent for caffeinated (p-trend = 0.009), but not decaffeinated (p-trend = 0.45) coffee for which, however, data were available for a fraction of subjects. Results from this multicentre, European cohort study strengthen the existing evidence regarding the inverse association between coffee/tea and HCC risk. Given the apparent lack of heterogeneity of these associations by HCC risk factors and that coffee/tea are universal exposures, our results could have important implications for high HCC risk subjects.

  • 35. Bamia, Christina
    et al.
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Overvad, Kim
    Bjerregaard, Lone
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Halkjaer, Jytte
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Kesse, Emmanuelle
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Linseisen, Jacob
    Boeing, Heiner
    Hoffmann, Kurt
    Kasapa, Christina
    Orfanou, Anastasia
    Travezea, Chrysoula
    Slimani, Nadia
    Norat, Teresa
    Palli, Domenico
    Pala, Valeria
    Panico, Salvatore
    Tumino, Rosario
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Waijers, Patricia M C M
    Peeters, Petra H M
    van der Schouw, Yvonne T
    Berenguer, Antonio
    Martinez-Garcia, Carmen
    Navarro, Carmen
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Berglund, Göran
    Wirfält, Elisabet
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology.
    Johansson, Gerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Spencer, Elizabeth A
    Key, Tim
    Riboli, Elio
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Dietary patterns and survival of older Europeans: the EPIC-Elderly Study (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)2007In: Public Health Nutrition, ISSN 1368-9800, E-ISSN 1475-2727, Vol. 10, no 6, p. 590-598Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To investigate the association of a posteriori dietary patterns with overall survival of older Europeans.

    Design and setting: This is a multi-centre cohort study. Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the association of the prevailing, a posteriori-derived, plant-based dietary pattern with all-cause mortality in a population of subjects who were 60 years or older at recruitment to the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Elderly cohort). Analyses controlled for all known potential risk factors.

    Subjects: In total, 74 607 men and women, 60 years or older at enrolment and without previous coronary heart disease, stroke or cancer, with complete information about dietary intakes and potentially confounding variables, and with known survival status as of December 2003, were included in the analysis.

    Results: An increase in the score which measures the adherence to the plant-based diet was associated with a lower overall mortality, a one standard deviation increment corresponding to a statistically significant reduction of 14% (95% confidence interval 5–23%). In country-specific analyses the apparent association was stronger in Greece, Spain, Denmark and The Netherlands, and absent in the UK and Germany.

    Conclusions: Greater adherence to the plant-based diet that was defined a posteriori in this population of European elders is associated with lower all-cause mortality. This dietary score is moderately positively correlated with the Modified Mediterranean Diet Score that has been constructed a priori and was also shown to be beneficial for the survival of the same EPIC-Elderly cohort.

  • 36. Barton, Maria
    et al.
    Santucci-Pereira, Julia
    de Cicco, Ricardo Lopez
    Russo, Irma H.
    Ross, Eric A.
    Slifker, Michael
    Peri, Suraj
    Bordas, Pal
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Lenner, Per
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Toniolo, Paolo
    Russo, Jose
    Long noncoding RNAs in the postmenopausal breast and their role in cancer prevention2014In: Cancer Research, ISSN 0008-5472, E-ISSN 1538-7445, Vol. 74, no 19Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 37. Beckmann, L
    et al.
    Hüsing, A
    Setiawan, VW
    Amiano, P
    Clavel-Chapelon, F
    Chanock, SJ
    Cox, DG
    Diver, R
    Dossus, L
    Feigelson, HS
    Haiman, C
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Hayes, RB
    Henderson, BE
    Hoover, RN
    Hunter, DJ
    Khaw, K
    Kolonel, LN
    Kraft, P
    Lund, E
    Le Marchand, L
    Peeters, PHM
    Riboli, E
    Stram, D
    Thomas, G
    Thun, MJ
    Tumino, R
    Trichopoulos, D
    Vogel, U
    Willett, WC
    Yeager, M
    Ziegler, R
    Hankinson, SE
    Kaaks, R
    Comprehensive analysis of hormone and genetic variation in 36 genes related to steroid hormone metabolism in pre- and postmenopausal women from the breast and prostate cancer cohort consortium (BPC3)2011In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 96, no 2, p. E360-E367Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We confirmed associations between serum levels of SHBG and the SHBG gene and of E1 and E2 and the CYP19 and ESR1 genes. Novel associations were observed between FSHR and DHEAS, E1, and E2 and between AKR1C3 and DHEAS.

  • 38. Belitskaya-Lévy, Ilana
    et al.
    Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne
    Russo, Jose
    Russo, Irma H
    Bordás, Pal
    Ahman, Janet
    Afanasyeva, Yelena
    Johansson, Robert
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Lenner, Per
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Li, Xiaochun
    de Cicco, Ricardo López
    Peri, Suraj
    Ross, Eric
    Russo, Patricia A
    Santucci-Pereira, Julia
    Sheriff, Fathima S
    Slifker, Michael
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Toniolo, Paolo
    Arslan, Alan A
    Characterization of a genomic signature of pregnancy identified in the breast2011In: Cancer Prevention Research, ISSN 1940-6207, E-ISSN 1940-6215, Vol. 4, no 9, p. 1457-1464Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The objective of this study was to comprehensively compare the genomic profiles in the breast of parous and nulliparous postmenopausal women to identify genes that permanently change their expression following pregnancy. The study was designed as a two-phase approach. In the discovery phase, we compared breast genomic profiles of 37 parous with 18 nulliparous postmenopausal women. In the validation phase, confirmation of the genomic patterns observed in the discovery phase was sought in an independent set of 30 parous and 22 nulliparous postmenopausal women. RNA was hybridized to Affymetrix HG_U133 Plus 2.0 oligonucleotide arrays containing probes to 54,675 transcripts, scanned and the images analyzed using Affymetrix GCOS software. Surrogate variable analysis, logistic regression, and significance analysis of microarrays were used to identify statistically significant differences in expression of genes. The false discovery rate (FDR) approach was used to control for multiple comparisons. We found that 208 genes (305 probe sets) were differentially expressed between parous and nulliparous women in both discovery and validation phases of the study at an FDR of 10% and with at least a 1.25-fold change. These genes are involved in regulation of transcription, centrosome organization, RNA splicing, cell-cycle control, adhesion, and differentiation. The results provide initial evidence that full-term pregnancy induces long-term genomic changes in the breast. The genomic signature of pregnancy could be used as an intermediate marker to assess potential chemopreventive interventions with hormones mimicking the effects of pregnancy for prevention of breast cancer.

  • 39. Benetou, V.
    et al.
    Orfanos, P.
    Feskanich, D.
    Michaëlsson, K.
    Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Pharmacology.
    Byberg, L.
    Eriksson, Sture
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Grodstein, F.
    Wolk, A.
    Jankovic, N.
    de Groot, L. C. P. G. M.
    Boffetta, P.
    Trichopoulou, A.
    Mediterranean diet and hip fracture incidence among older adults: the CHANCES project2018In: Osteoporosis International, ISSN 0937-941X, E-ISSN 1433-2965, Vol. 29, no 7, p. 1591-1599Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The association between adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) and hip fracture incidence is not yet established. In a diverse population of elderly, increased adherence to MD was associated with lower hip fracture incidence. Except preventing major chronic diseases, adhering to MD might have additional benefits in lowering hip fracture risk.

    INTRODUCTION: Hip fractures constitute a major public health problem among older adults. Latest evidence links adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) with reduced hip fracture risk, but still more research is needed to elucidate this relationship. The potential association of adherence to MD with hip fracture incidence was explored among older adults.

    METHODS: A total of 140,775 adults (116,176 women, 24,599 men) 60 years and older, from five cohorts from Europe and the USA, were followed-up for 1,896,219 person-years experiencing 5454 hip fractures. Diet was assessed at baseline by validated, cohort-specific, food-frequency questionnaires, and hip fractures were ascertained through patient registers or telephone interviews/questionnaires. Adherence to MD was evaluated by a scoring system on a 10-point scale modified to be applied also to non-Mediterranean populations. In order to evaluate the association between MD and hip fracture incidence, cohort-specific hazard ratios (HR), adjusted for potential confounders, were estimated using Cox proportional-hazards regression and pooled estimates were subsequently derived implementing random-effects meta-analysis.

    RESULTS: A two-point increase in the score was associated with a significant 4% decrease in hip fracture risk (pooled adjusted HR 0.96; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.92-0.99, pheterogeneity = 0.446). In categorical analyses, hip fracture risk was lower among men and women with moderate (HR 0.93; 95% CI 0.87-0.99) and high (HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.87-1.01) adherence to the score compared with those with low adherence.

    CONCLUSIONS: In this large sample of older adults from Europe and the USA, increased adherence to MD was associated with lower hip fracture incidence.

  • 40. Benetou, Vassiliki
    et al.
    Orfanos, Philippos
    Feskanich, Diane
    Michaëlsson, Karl
    Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Pharmacology.
    Eriksson, Sture
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Grodstein, Francine
    Wolk, Alicja
    Bellavia, Andrea
    Ahmed, Luai A
    Boffeta, Paolo
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Hip Fracture Incidence in Older Men and Women: The CHANCES Project2016In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, ISSN 0884-0431, E-ISSN 1523-4681, Vol. 31, no 9, p. 1743-1752Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The role of fruit and vegetable intake in relation to fracture prevention during adulthood and beyond is not adequately understood. We investigated the potential association between fruit and vegetable intake and hip fracture incidence in a large sample of elderly from Europe and United States. A total of 142,018 individuals (among which 116,509 women), aged ≥60 years old, from five cohorts, were followed-up prospectively for 1,911,482 person-years accumulating 5,552 hip fractures. Fruit and vegetable intake was assessed by validated, cohort-specific, food-frequency questionnaires. Ηip fractures were ascertained through national patient registers or telephone interviews/questionnaires. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) derived by Cox proportional-hazards regression were estimated for each cohort and subsequently pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Intake of ≤ 1 servings/day of fruit and vegetables combined was associated with 39% higher hip fracture risk [pooled adjusted HR:1.39, 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs): 1.20, 1.58] in comparison to moderate intake (>3 and ≤5 servings/day) (pfor heterogeneity  = 0.505), whereas higher intakes (>5 servings/day) were not associated with lower risk in comparison to the same reference. Associations were more evident among women. We concluded that a daily intake of one or less servings of fruits and vegetables was associated with increased hip fracture risk in relation to moderate daily intakes. Older adults with such low fruit and vegetable consumption may benefit from raising their intakes to moderate amounts in order to reduce their hip fracture risk. 

  • 41. Berendsen, Agnes A M
    et al.
    Kang, Jae H
    van de Rest, Ondine
    Jankovic, Nicole
    Kampman, Ellen
    Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C
    Franco, Oscar H
    Ikram, M Arfan
    Pikhart, Hynek
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Brenner, Hermann
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Rafnsson, Snorri Bjorn
    Gustafson, Deborah
    Kyrozis, Andreas
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Feskens, Edith J M
    Grodstein, Francine
    de Groot, Lisette C P G M
    Association of Adherence to a Healthy Diet with Cognitive Decline in European and American Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis within the CHANCES Consortium2017In: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, ISSN 1420-8008, E-ISSN 1421-9824, Vol. 43, no 3-4, p. 215-227Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM: To examine the association between a healthy diet, assessed by the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), and cognitive decline in older adults. METHODS: Data from 21,837 participants aged ≥55 years from 3 cohorts (Survey in Europe on Nutrition and the Elderly, a Concerted Action [SENECA], Rotterdam Study [RS], Nurses' Health Study [NHS]) were analyzed. HDI scores were based on intakes of saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, mono- and disaccharides, protein, cholesterol, fruits and vegetables, and fiber. The Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status in NHS and Mini-Mental State Examination in RS and SENECA were used to assess cognitive function from multiple repeated measures. Using multivariable-adjusted, mixed linear regression, mean differences in annual rates of cognitive decline by HDI quintiles were estimated. RESULTS: Multivariable-adjusted differences in rates in the highest versus the lowest HDI quintile were 0.01 (95% CI -0.01, 0.02) in NHS, 0.00 (95% CI -0.02, 0.01) in RS, and 0.00 (95% CI -0.05, 0.05) in SENECA with a pooled estimate of 0.00 (95% CI -0.01, 0.01), I2 = 0%. CONCLUSIONS: A higher HDI score was not related to reduced rates of cognitive decline in European and American older adults.

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  • 42.
    Bergdahl, Ingvar A.
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Human biobanks in research: recent studies of health effects of metals, and plans for persistent organic pollutants. Experiences and plans in northern Sweden2013In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health, ISSN 1239-9736, E-ISSN 2242-3982, Vol. 72, no Supplement 1, p. 997-997Article in journal (Refereed)
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  • 43. Berggrund, Malin
    et al.
    Enroth, Stefan
    Lundberg, Martin
    Assarsson, Erika
    Stålberg, Karin
    Lindquist, David
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Grankvist, Kjell
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical chemistry.
    Olovsson, Matts
    Gyllensten, Ulf
    Identification of candidate plasma protein biomarkers for cervical cancer using the multiplex proximity extension assay2019In: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics, ISSN 1535-9476, E-ISSN 1535-9484, Vol. 18, no 4, p. 735-743, article id RA118.001208Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Human papillomavirus (HPV) is recommended as the primary test in cervical cancer screening, with co-testing by cytology for HPV-positive women to identify cervical lesions. Cytology has low sensitivity and there is a need to identify biomarkers that could identify dysplasia that are likely to progress to cancer. We searched for plasma proteins that could identify women with cervical cancer using the multiplex proximity extension assay (PEA). The abundance of 100 proteins were measured in plasma collected at the time of diagnosis of patients with invasive cervical cancer and in population controls using the Olink Multiplex panels CVD II, INF I, and ONC II. Eighty proteins showed increased levels in cases compared to controls. We identified a signature of 11 proteins (PTX3, ITGB1BP2, AXIN1, STAMPB, SRC, SIRT2, 4E-BP1, PAPPA, HB-EGF, NEMO and IL27) that distinguished cases and controls with a sensitivity of 0.96 at a specificity of 1.0. This signature was evaluated in a prospective replication cohort with samples collected before, at or after diagnosis and achieved a sensitivity of 0.78 and a specificity 0.56 separating samples collected at the time of diagnosis of invasive cancer from samples collected prior to diagnosis. No difference in abundance was seen between samples collected prior to diagnosis or after treatment as compared to population controls, indicating that this protein signature is mainly informative close to time of diagnosis. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal window in time prior to diagnosis for these biomarker candidates.

  • 44.
    Berglin, Eva
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Reumatology.
    Kokkonen, Heidi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Reumatology.
    Einarsdottir, E
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Reumatology.
    Ågren, Åsa
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Rantapää Dahlqvist, Solbritt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Reumatology.
    Influence of female hormonal factors, in relation to autoantibodies and genetic markers, on the development of rheumatoid arthritis in northern Sweden: a case-control study2010In: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, ISSN 0300-9742, E-ISSN 1502-7732, Vol. 39, no 6, p. 454-460Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A longer duration of breastfeeding increased the risk of developing RA, especially among individuals seropositive for ACPA or IgM-RF or carrying the PTPN22 1858T variant. Use of OC for ≥ 7 years was associated with a decreased risk.

  • 45.
    Berglin, Ewa
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology.
    Padyukov, Leonid
    Sundin, Ulf
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Stenlund, Hans
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Public Health Sciences.
    Van Venrooij, Walther J
    Klareskog, Lars
    Rantapää-Dahlqvist, Solbritt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Rheumatology.
    A combination of autoantibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and HLA-DRB1 locus antigens is strongly associated with future onset of rheumatoid arthritis2004In: Arthritis Research & Therapy, ISSN 1478-6354, E-ISSN 1478-6362, Vol. 6, no 4, p. R303-R308Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and rheumatoid factors (RFs) have been demonstrated to predate the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by years. A nested case–control study was performed within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease study cohort to analyse the presence of shared epitope (SE) genes, defined as HLA-DRB1*0404 or DRB1*0401, and of anti-CCP antibodies and RFs in individuals who subsequently developed RA. Patients with RA were identified from among blood donors whose samples had been collected years before the onset of symptoms. Controls matched for age, sex, and date of sampling were selected randomly from the same cohort. The SE genes were identified by polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers. Anti-CCP2 antibodies and RFs were determined using enzyme immunoassays. Fifty-nine individuals with RA were identified as blood donors, with a median antedating time of 2.0 years (interquartile range 0.9–3.9 years) before presenting with symptoms of RA. The sensitivity for SE as a diagnostic indicator for RA was 60% and the specificity was 64%. The corresponding figures for anti-CCP antibodies were 37% and 98%, and for RFs, 17–42% and 94%, respectively. In a logistic regression analysis, SE (odds ratio [OR] = 2.35), anti-CCP antibodies (OR = 15.9), and IgA-RF (OR = 6.8) significantly predicted RA. In a combination model analysis, anti-CCP antibodies combined with SE had the highest OR (66.8, 95% confidence interval 8.3–539.4) in predicting RA, compared with anti-CCP antibodies without SE (OR = 25.01, 95% confidence interval 2.8–222.2) or SE without anti-CCP antibodies (OR = 1.9, 95% confidence interval 0.9–4.2). This study showed that the presence of anti-CCP antibodies together with SE gene carriage is associated with a very high relative risk for future development of RA.

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  • 46. Berglund, O
    et al.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Nygren, Charlotte
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Taljedal, I B
    Effects of diets rich and poor in fibres on the development of hereditary diseases in mice1982In: Acta Endocrinologica, Vol. 100, no 4, p. 556-564Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 47. Berrington de González, Amy
    et al.
    Spencer, Elizabeth A
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Roddam, Andrew
    Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachel
    Halkjaer, Jytte
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Overvad, Kim
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Boeing, Heiner
    Pischon, Tobias
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Benetou, Vassiliki
    Papadimitriou, Aristoteles
    Pala, Valeria
    Palli, Domenico
    Panico, Salvatore
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C
    Ocke, Marga C
    Peeters, Petra H
    Lund, Eiliv
    Gonzalez, Carlos A
    Larrañaga, Nerea
    Martinez-Garcia, Carmen
    Mendez, Michelle
    Navarro, Carmen
    Quirós, J Ramón
    Tormo, María-José
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Ye, Weimin
    Bingham, Sheila A
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Allen, Naomi
    Key, Tim J
    Jenab, Mazda
    Norat, Teresa
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Riboli, Elio
    Anthropometry, physical activity, and the risk of pancreatic cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition.2006In: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 15, no 5, p. 879-85Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 48. Bhoo-Pathy, Nirmala
    et al.
    Peeters, Petra H. M.
    Uiterwaal, Cuno S. P. M.
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas
    Bulgiba, Awang M.
    Bech, Bodil Hammer
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Olsen, Anja
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Perquier, Florence
    Teucher, Birgit
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Schuetze, Madlen
    Boeing, Heiner
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Orfanos, Philippos
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Mattiello, Amalia
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, Rosario
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    van Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B.
    Braaten, Tonje
    Lund, Eiliv
    Skeie, Guri
    Redondo, Maria-Luisa
    Buckland, Genevieve
    Sanchez Perez, Maria Jose
    Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Amiano, Pilar
    Wirfalt, Elisabet
    Wallstrom, Peter
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry.
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Allen, Naomi E.
    Key, Timothy J.
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Gallo, Valentina
    Riboli, Elio
    van Gils, Carla H.
    Coffee and tea consumption and risk of pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort study2015In: Breast Cancer Research, ISSN 1465-5411, E-ISSN 1465-542X, Vol. 17, article id 15Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Specific coffee subtypes and tea may impact risk of pre- and post-menopausal breast cancer differently. We investigated the association between coffee (total, caffeinated, decaffeinated) and tea intake and risk of breast cancer. Methods: A total of 335,060 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Nutrition and Cancer (EPIC) Study, completed a dietary questionnaire from 1992 to 2000, and were followed-up until 2010 for incidence of breast cancer. Hazard ratios (HR) of breast cancer by country-specific, as well as cohort-wide categories of beverage intake were estimated. Results: During an average follow-up of 11 years, 1064 premenopausal, and 9134 postmenopausal breast cancers were diagnosed. Caffeinated coffee intake was associated with lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer: adjusted HR = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.82 to 0.98, for high versus low consumption; P-trend = 0.029. While there was no significant effect modification by hormone receptor status (P = 0.711), linear trend for lower risk of breast cancer with increasing caffeinated coffee intake was clearest for estrogen and progesterone receptor negative (ER-PR-), postmenopausal breast cancer (P = 0.008). For every 100 ml increase in caffeinated coffee intake, the risk of ER-PR- breast cancer was lower by 4% (adjusted HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.00). Non-consumers of decaffeinated coffee had lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer (adjusted HR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.80 to 0.99) compared to low consumers, without evidence of dose-response relationship (P-trend = 0.128). Exclusive decaffeinated coffee consumption was not related to postmenopausal breast cancer risk, compared to any decaffeinated-low caffeinated intake (adjusted HR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.82 to 1.14), or to no intake of any coffee (HR: 0.96; 95%: 0.82 to 1.14). Caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee were not associated with premenopausal breast cancer. Tea intake was neither associated with pre- nor post-menopausal breast cancer. Conclusions: Higher caffeinated coffee intake may be associated with lower risk of postmenopausal breast cancer. Decaffeinated coffee intake does not seem to be associated with breast cancer.

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  • 49. Bingham, Sheila A
    et al.
    Norat, Teresa
    Moskal, Aurelie
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Slimani, Nadia
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Kesse, Emmanuelle
    Nieters, Alexandra
    Boeing, Heiner
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Overvad, Kim
    Martinez, Carmen
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    González, Carlos A
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Navarro, Carmen
    Quirós, José R
    Key, Timothy J
    Day, Nicholas E
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Naska, Androniki
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Tumino, Rosario
    Palli, Domenico
    Panico, Salvatore
    Vineis, Paolo
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B
    Ocké, Marga C
    Peeters, Petra H M
    Berglund, Göran
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Lund, Eiliv
    Skeie, Guri
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Riboli, Elio
    Is the association with fiber from foods in colorectal cancer confounded by folate intake?2005In: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, ISSN 1055-9965, Vol. 14, no 6, p. 1552-6Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 50. Bjerregaard, Bine Kjøller
    et al.
    Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole
    Sørensen, Mette
    Frederiksen, Kirsten
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Rohrmann, Sabine
    Linseisen, Jakob
    Bergman, Manuela M
    Boeing, Heiner
    Sieri, Sabina
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, Rosario
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Büchner, Frederike L
    Gram, Inger Torhild
    Braaten, Tonje
    Lund, Eiliv
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Ågren, Åsa
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Riboli, Elio
    The effect of occasional smoking on smoking-related cancers: in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).2006In: Cancer Causes Control, ISSN 0957-5243, Vol. 17, no 10, p. 1305-9Article in journal (Refereed)
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