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  • 1.
    Ahmad, Ashfaq
    et al.
    Univ Engn & Technol, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Arshad, Farzana
    Univ Engn & Technol, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Naqvi, Syeda I.
    Univ Engn & Technol, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. Univ Engn & Technol, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. Univ Turku, Dept Informat Technol, TUCS, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland..
    Design, Fabrication, and Measurements of Extended L-Shaped Multiband Antenna for Wireless Applications2018In: Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, ISSN 1054-4887, Vol. 33, no 4, p. 388-393Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article expounds a multi-band compact shaped antenna, which is based on CPW ground plane. FR-4 with a thickness of 1.6 mm is used as a substrate for the proposed antenna. The proposed antenna is capable of operating at 1.56 GHz for (Global Positioning System), 2.45 GHz (Wireless Local Area Network) and 4.49 GHz (Aeronautical Mobile Telemetry (AMT) fixed services). The efficiency at 1.56, 2.45, and 4.49 GHz is 79.7, 76.9 and 76.7%, respectively. The VSWR of the presented antenna is less than 1.5 at all the desired resonance modes, which confirms its good impedance matching. The performance of the proposed antenna is evaluated in terms of VSWR, return loss, radiation pattern and efficiency. CST (R) MWS (R) software is used for simulations. In order to validate the simulation results, a prototype of the designed antenna is fabricated and a good agreement is found between the simulated and measured results.

  • 2.
    Ahmad, Ashfaq
    et al.
    Univ Engn & Technol, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Arshad, Farzana
    Univ Engn & Technol, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Naqvi, Syeda Iffat
    Univ Engn & Technol, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. TUCS, University of Turku, Turku, 20520, Finland.
    Loo, Jonathan
    Middlesex Univ, Sch Engn & Informat Sci, Dept Comp Sci, London, England..
    Flexible and Compact Spiral-Shaped Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wireless Applications2020In: IETE Journal of Research, ISSN 0377-2063, E-ISSN 0974-780X, Vol. 66, no 1, p. 22-29Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A flexible, spiral-shaped frequency reconfigurable antenna with a compact size (20 x 24 mm(2)) is presented. The proposed antenna has a low-profile planar structure and is able to operate at five different frequency bands, i.e., 4.19-4.48, 5.98-6.4, 3.42-4.0, 5.4-5.68, and 6.8-7.0 GHz. The multiband operation enables the antenna to cover aeronautical radio navigation, fixed satellite communication, WLAN, and WiMAX standards. A radiating element is backed by Rogers (R) 5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.508 mm and dielectric constant of 2.2. The spiral shape is achieved by introducing different strips. Frequency reconfiguration is achieved by the incorporation of a lumped element in a strip, so that the antenna can switch between different resonances. To validate the performance of the antenna, the prototype of the design was fabricated and tested. Good acquiescent is seen between simulated and measured results. The proposed antenna operates efficiently with appreciable return loss, directivity, bandwidth, and peak gain.

  • 3.
    Ahmad, Waqar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Weerasekera, Roshan
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Weldezion, Awet Yemane
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Power Integrity Optimization of 3D Chips Stacked Through TSVs2009In: ELECTRICAL PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRONIC PACKAGING AND SYSTEMS, NEW YORK: IEEE , 2009, p. 105-108Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    On-chip power distribution network model for simultaneous switching of 3D ICs stacked through TSVs to choose TSV pattern, maximum number of chips in a stack and location of the decoupling capacitor for early design trade-offs.

  • 4.
    Akhtar, Faiza
    et al.
    UET, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Naqvi, Syeda Iffat
    UET, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Arshad, Farzana
    UET, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan..
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. UET, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila 47050, Pakistan.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. Univ Turku, TUCS, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland..
    A Flexible and Compact Semicircular Antenna for Multiple Wireless Communication Applications2018In: Radioengineering, ISSN 1210-2512, E-ISSN 1805-9600, Vol. 27, no 3, p. 671-678Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This work presents a compact, quad-band planar antenna intended for assimilation into flexible and conformal devices. The CPW-fed semicircular shaped prototype with rake-shaped slots is designed, realized and characterized experimentally. The frequency bands covered by the proposed radiator are centered at 2.5, 3.7, 5.5 and 8 GHz with measured impedance bandwidths of 16%, 13.5%, 11.8% and 14.63%, respectively. The proposed antenna is thus enabled to support WLAN, ISM, Bluetooth, WiMAX LTE and X-band applications. The antenna exhibits a significant gain. The radiation characteristics of the proposed radiator are measured in concave and convex bent shapes at various radii to analyze its flexibility. Performance of the antenna remains almost unaffected in the bent situation. Measurements demonstrate good coherence with simulations. The compactness and good performance of the design both in bent and unbent conditions proves it to be the better contender for future multiband conformal wireless applications.

  • 5. Ali, Amjad
    et al.
    Jafri, Syeda I.
    Habib, Ayesha
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Pakistan.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronics, Integrated devices and circuits. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    RFID Humidity Sensor Tag for Low-cost Applications2017In: APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL, ISSN 1054-4887, Vol. 32, no 12, p. 1083-1088Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article presents a low-cost, flexible, chipless Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag for humidity monitoring applications. The tag exhibits moisture sensing feature within a compact geometrical dimension of 20mm x 17.6mm. The design is loaded with 12 resonators, where each resonator represents 1 bit in the frequency domain. For the designed 12-bit tag, 11 inverted C-shaped resonators are dedicated for encoding 11-bit information in their spectral signature. An integrated meandered-shaped resonator, covered with moisture sensitive Kapton (R) HN film, functions as a 1-bit moisture sensor. It is deployed for monitoring relative humidity (RH) levels, simultaneously. The passive RFID tag is realized on Taconic TLX-0 and has an operational bandwidth of 2.62 GHz. Furthermore, the design is modeled and analyzed for multiple substrates. The performance of the sensor tag for various humidity levels indicates that it is a potential solution for inexpensive sensing applications.

  • 6.
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Printable Green RFID Antennas for Embedded Sensors2013Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In the recent years, radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology has been widely integrated into modern society applications, ranging from barcode successor to retail supply chain, remote monitoring, detection and healthcare, for instance. In general, an RFID tag or transponder is composed of an antenna and an application-specific integrated circuit chip. In a passive UHF RFID system (which is the focus of presented research), the communication between the transponder tag and the reader is established by modulating the radar cross section (RCS) of the transponder tag. The need for flexible RFID tags has recently been increased enormously; particularly the RFID tags for the UHF band ensure the widest use but in the meantime face considerable challenges of cost, reliability and environmental friendliness.

    The multidimensional focus of the aforementioned research encompasses the production of low-cost and reliable RFID tags. The state-of-the-art fabrication methods and materials for proposed antennas are evaluated in order to surmount the hurdles for realization of flexible green electronics. Moreover, this work addresses the new rising issues interrelated to the field of economic and eco-friendly tags comprising of paper substrate. Paper substrates offer numerous advantages for manufacturing RFID tags, not only is paper extensively available, and inexpensive; it is lightweight, recyclable and can be rolled or folded into 3D configurations.

    The most important aspect of an RFID system's performance is the reading range. In this research several pivotal challenges for item-level tagging, are resolved by evolving novel structures of progressive meander line, quadrate bowtie and rounded corner bowtie antennas in order to maximize the reading distance with a prior selected microchip under the various constraints (such as limited antenna size, specific antenna impedance, radiation pattern requirements). This approach is rigorously evolved for the realization of innovative RFID tag antenna which has incorporated humidity sensor functionality along with calibration mechanism due to distinctiveness of its structural behavior which will be an optimal choice for future ubiquitous wireless sensor network (WSN) modules.

    The RFID market has grown in a two-dimensional trend, one side constitutes standalone RFID systems. On the other side, more ultramodern approach is paving its way, in which RFID needs to be integrated with broad operational array of distinct applications for performing different functions including sensors, navigation, broadcasting, and personal communication, to mention a few. Using different antennas to include all communication bands is a straightforward approach, but at the same time, it leads to increase cost, weight, more surface area for installation, and above all electromagnetic compatibility issues. The indicated predicament is solved by realization of proposed single wideband planar spirals and sinuous antennas which covers several bands from 0.8-3.0GHz. These antennas exhibit exceptional performance throughout the operational range of significance, thus paving the way for developing eco-friendly multi-module RF industrial solutions.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Yasar Amin PhD Thesis
  • 7.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Shao, Botao
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Hållstedt, Julius
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Design and Analysis of Efficient and Compact Antenna for Paper Based UHF RFID Tags2008In: ISAPE 2008: THE 8TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ANTENNAS, PROPAGATION AND EM THEORY, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 / [ed] Su D; Yan Z, NEW YORK: IEEE , 2008, p. 62-65Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Paper substrate is one of the paramount nominees for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags but at the same time it is extremely prone towards environmental changes. In this paper, antennas for UHF RFID tags on paper based substrate are investigated and analyzed for the first time to evaluate the effect of change in dielectric constant on the antenna parameters and performance. On the basis of analysis a concrete meander line antenna is proposed, designed and evaluated which has tremendous immunity towards variation in dielectric constant.

  • 8.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Evolutionary Versatile Printable RFID Antennas For "Green" Electronics2012In: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, ISSN 0920-5071, E-ISSN 1569-3937, Vol. 26, no 2-3, p. 264-273Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of low cost directly printable RFID tag antennas is essential for item level tracking. We present evolutionary design approach to achieve robust extremely versatile RFID antennas on paper/flexible substrates which allow a simple integration directly on, e.g., paperboard in a roll-to-roll production line. Fully integrated printed tags for "green" electronics are designed for operability in frequencies 866-868 MHz & 902-928 MHz. We present benchmarking results for various challenges of antennas in terms of ruggedness, reliability and flexing performance.

  • 9.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Performance-Optimized Quadrate Bowtie RFID Antennas For Cost-Effective and Eco-Friendly Industrial Applications2012In: Progress in Electromagnetics Research-PIER, ISSN 1559-8985, Vol. 126, p. 49-64Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Fully integrated printed RFID antennas show potential solution for item level labeling applications. In order to accommodate the antenna during the package printing process, it is vastly preferred that antenna structures are printed on paper substrates. However, the electromagnetic properties and thickness of paper substrates are susceptible to change due to various environmental effects. Thus, adequately consistent in performance and material insensitive printed Quadrate Bowtie RFID antennas are proposed. This paper presents an in-depth efficient optimization for high performance tag antenna designs for operability in frequencies 866-868MHz & 902-928MHz. It is demonstrated that the proposed antennas can tolerate a considerable variation in the permittivity on thin paper substrates, and present benchmarking results when n across metal and water containing objects.

  • 10.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Design and Fabrication of Wideband Archimedean Spiral Antenna Based Ultra-Low Cost "Green" Modules for RFID Sensing and Wireless Applications2012In: Progress In Electromagnetics Research-PIER, ISSN 1559-8985, Vol. 130, p. 241-256Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A parametric analysis is performed for a wideband Archimedean spiral antenna in recognition of an emerging concept to integrate RFID along with several applications by using a single antenna. The antenna is fabricated using state-of-the-art inkjet printing technology on various commercially available paper substrates to provide the low-cost, flexible RF modules for the next generation of "green" electronics. The effects on electromagnetic characteristics of the planar Archimedean spiral antenna, due to the use of paper are investigated besides other parameters. The proposed antenna is evaluated and optimized for operational range from 0.8-3.0GHz. It exhibits exceptional coverage throughout numerous RFID ISM bands so do for other wireless applications.

  • 11.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Development and Analysis of Flexible UHF RFID Antennas For "Green" Electronics2012In: Progress In Electromagnetics Research-PIER, ISSN 1070-4698, Vol. 130, p. 1-15Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, novel Bowtie antennas which cover complete UHF RFID band (860-960MHz), fabricated on various ultra-low-cost substrates using state-of-the-art printing technologies are investigated as an approach that aims to accommodate the antenna during the package printing process whilst faster production on commercially available paper. The proposed antenna structures are evaluated in reference to circuit and field concepts, to exhibit extreme degree of functional versatility. These antennas are developed to cater the variations which appear in electromagnetic properties and thickness of paper substrate due to various environmental effects. Computed (simulated) and well-agreed measurement results confirm a superior performance of the tag modules while stepping towards next generation of "green" tags.

  • 12.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    "Green" Wideband Log-Spiral Antenna for RFID Sensing and Wireless Applications2012In: Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, ISSN 0920-5071, Vol. 26, no 14-15, p. 2043-2050Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The novel idea of integrating RFID with sensors along with other wireless applications by using single tag antenna is implemented, by fabricating proposed antenna using state-of-the-art inkjet printing technology on commercially available paper substrates. For the first time, a parametric analysis is performed for realization of planar log-spiral antenna on paper for operational range from 0.8-3.0GHz, which also exhibits excellent coverage throughout numerous RFID ISM bands, and for other wireless applications. The ANSYS HFSS tool is used to design and predict the performance of the proposed antenna in terms of radiation pattern and input impedance.

  • 13.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Two-arm Sinuous Antenna for RFID Ubiquitous Sensors and Wireless Applications2012In: Journal Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, ISSN 0920-5071, E-ISSN 1569-3937, Vol. 26, no 17-18, p. 2365-2371Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    For the first time, two-arm planar sinuous antenna is demonstrated to realize the emerging concept of integrating RFID functionalities along with sensors and other wireless applications for "green" electronics. In-depth, parametric analysis is performed for the proposed antenna which is fabricated on a paper substrate using revolutionary inkjet printing technology to develop a system-level solution for ultra-low-cost mass production of multipurpose wireless tags in an approach that could be easily expanded to other microwave and wireless "cognition" applications. The proposed antenna exhibits excellent performance throughout several RFID ISM bands and for other wireless applications in its operational range from 0.8 to 3.0 GHz.

  • 14.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Feng, Yi
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    RFID antenna humidity sensor co-design for USN applications2013In: IEICE Electronics Express, E-ISSN 1349-2543, Vol. 10, no 4, p. 20130003-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We demonstrate for the first time an RFID tag antenna which itself is humidity sensor and also provides calibration functionality. The antenna is comprised of T-matching network and horizontally meandered lines for impedance matching and reliable near-field communication. The novel contour design provides humidity sensing, and calibration functions whilst concurrently acts as a radiating element along with quadrangular capacitive tip-loading with covered middle portion for far-field communication. The inkjet printed prototypes of the antenna provide effective ambient humidity sensing while demonstrating stable RFID communication. The antenna has a compact size of 1.1 x 10.2 cm for 902-928MHz band.

  • 15.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Hållstedt, Julius
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Prokkola, Satu
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Robust Flexible High Performance UHF RFID Tag Antenna2009In: 2009 11TH ELECTRONICS PACKAGING TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE (EPTC 2009), NEW YORK: IEEE , 2009, p. 235-239Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper describes a novel Flexo, Screen and Inkjet printed rounded edges bowtie antenna with T-matching stubs on paper, Kapton (HN) and Teonex Q51 substrate. Paper is one of the paramount nominees for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, for the reason that it is one of the widely and the cheapest available substrates. Kapton (HN) and Teonex Q51 are distinguished for their flexibility and reliability. The antenna exhibits compact size with outstanding read range of 4 meters and complete coverage of UHF RFID band (860-960 MHz). The results show extreme immunity of versatile antenna against harsh environments. These antennas are flexible which give autonomy for their applications.

  • 16.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Hållstedt, Julius
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Design of Novel Paper-based Inkjet Printed Rounded Corner Bowtie Antenna for RFID Applications2010In: Sensors & Transducers Journal, ISSN 2306-8515, E-ISSN 1726-5479, Vol. 115, no 4, p. 160-167Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a novel inkjet printed rounded corner bowtie antenna with T-matching stubs on paper substrate which is the cheapest and widest available substrate. The antenna exhibits compact size with outstanding read range and complete coverage of UHF RFID band (860-960 MHz). The results show extreme immunity of proposed antenna against paper dielectric constant variation.

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  • 17.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Kanth, R. K.
    Liljeberg, P.
    Akram, A.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Printable RFID antenna with embedded sensor and calibration functions2013In: Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium Proceedings, Stockholm, Sweden, Aug. 12-15, 2013, Electromagnetics Academy , 2013, p. 567-570Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An RFID antenna with integrated humidity sensor and calibration functionality for wireless sensor network is proposed. The antenna is composed of series and shunt stubs for impedance matching and reliability for near-field communication. The innovative ladder contour structure plays the key role for humidity sensing, and sensor calibration. The quadrangular end-tip loading is employed to offer capacitance and stability for far-field communication. The prototypes of the antenna are fabricated and tested: antenna effectively senses the ambient humidity levels while demonstrating stable behavior for RFID communication. The antenna has a compact size of 1 × 10cm for 902-928 MHz RFID band.

  • 18.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Kanth, Rajeev Kumar
    Turku Centre for Computer Science (TUCS).
    Liljeberg, Pasi
    Turku Centre for Computer Science (TUCS).
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Green wideband RFID tag antenna for supply chain applications2012In: IEICE Electronics Express, E-ISSN 1349-2543, Vol. 9, no 24, p. 1861-1866Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we demonstrate an RFID tag antenna manufactured by advanced inkjet printing technology on paper substrate using novel hole-matching technique for reducing the consumption of substrate material and conductive ink while attaining green RFID tags. In-depth electromagnetic analysis is performed methodologically for optimizing the parameters that effectuate the antenna dimensions. The antenna design is optimized for consistent wideband performance and extended read range throughout the complete UHF RFID band (860-960MHz), while exhibiting benchmarking results when n across cardboard cartons filled with metal or water containing objects.

  • 19.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Kumar Kanth, Rajeev
    University of Turku, Finland.
    Liljeberg, Pasi
    University of Turku, Finland.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Performance-optimized Printed Wideband RFID Antenna and Environmental Impact AnalysisIn: ETRI Journal, ISSN 1225-6463, E-ISSN 2233-7326Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents performance optimized RFID tag antenna, developed by using commercially accessible paper substrates and advanced inkjet printing process to guarantee mechanical flexibility and ultra-low production costs. The proposed antenna structure can endure the variations which emerge in electromagnetic properties of paper substrate due to varying environmental effects. Hole-matching technique is implemented to eliminate the matching network for reducing the consumption of conductive ink. The proposed structure is uniquely evaluated by demonstrating, sustainability and environmental impact analysis that validate the potential for ultra-low cost mass production of RFID tags for future generation of organic electronics. The antenna performance is assessed for cardboard cartons exclusively containing metal cans and water bottles. The experimental characterization of the proposed antenna endorses the wider bandwidth to cover UHF RFID ISM band (860-960MHz), which empowers its usage throughout the globe for supply chain applications. The improved design effectuates return loss of better than -15dB over a wide frequency range while exhibiting outstanding readability from 10.1 meters.

  • 20.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Prokkola, Satu
    Shao, Botao
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Hållstedt, Julius
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Low Cost Paper Based Bowtie Tag Antenna for High Performance UHF RFID Applications2009In: NANOTECH CONFERENCE & EXPO 2009, VOL 1, TECHNICAL PROCEEDINGS - NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009: FABRICATION, PARTICLES, CHARACTERIZATION, MEMS, ELECTRONICS AND PHOTONICS / [ed] Laudon M; Romanowicz B, BOCA RATON: CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP , 2009, p. 538-541Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Radio frequency identification (RFID) antenna's versatility in terms of complete coverage of UHF RFID band (860-960 MHz), while keeping the cost factor low, is an important aspect of today's growing demand for security and tracking of multiple objects in a very short time in addition to tag's readability across the globe. This paper presents a novel inkjet printed rounded corner bowtie antenna with T-matching stubs on paper substrate which is the cheapest and widest available substrate. The antenna exhibits compact size with outstanding read range.

  • 21.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Prokkola, Satu
    Shao, Botao
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Hållstedt, Julius
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Microelectronics and Applied Physics, MAP.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Inkjet Printed Paper Based Quadrate Bowtie Antennas For UHF RFID Tags2009In: 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY, VOLS I-III, PROCEEDINGS, - UBIQUITOUS ICT CONVERGENCE MAKES LIFE BETTER!, TAEJON: ELECTRONICS TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH INST , 2009, p. 109-112Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Paper substrate is one of the paramount nominees for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, for the reason that it is one of the widely and the cheapest available substrates. In this paper, for the first time quadrate bowtie antennas with round corners [1] are realized and analyzed on paper substrate for UHF RFID tags. These inkjet printed antennas exhibit high performance which give freedom for their applications. Their area is smaller than the general triangle bowtie antenna and have advantages of smaller area, better return loss in high frequency and higher gain in normal direction of antenna plane compared with general triangular bowtie antenna.d

  • 22.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Punjab, Pakistan.
    Shao, Botao
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Electromagnetic Analysis of Radio Frequency Identification Antennas for Green Electronics2013In: Electromagnetics, ISSN 0272-6343, E-ISSN 1532-527X, Vol. 33, no 4, p. 319-331Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article demonstrates in-depth electromagnetic analysis of a radio frequency identification tag antenna manufactured by inkjet printing technology on different paper substrates to achieve ultra-low cost flexible radio frequency identification tags using a novel hole-matching technique for reducing the consumption of substrate material, and conductive ink. Nevertheless, the electromagnetic properties of the paper substrate are vulnerable to various environmental effects. Thus, the proposed antenna design is optimized for consistent wideband performance throughout the complete UHF radio frequency identification band (860960 MHz) while presenting a greater degree of material insensitivity. An advanced antenna design methodological analysis is performed to accomplish an extended read range, while exhibiting benchmarking results when across cardboard cartons filled with metal or water containing objects.

  • 23.
    Amin, Yasar
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Shao, Botao
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Hållstedt, Julius
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Prokkola, Satu
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Design and Characterization of Efficient Flexible UHF RFID Tag Antennas2009In: 2009 3RD EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, NEW YORK: IEEE , 2009, p. 2682-2684Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper meander line antennas with end tip loading, designed for UHF RFID tags are presented. These novel antennas are screen printed on Kapton HN for European frequency band (866-868 MHz) and for North American frequency band (902-928 MHz). Asahi ink is used for screen printing of 25 mu m thick antenna traces which remains conductive even after several times sharp bending of these tag antennas. The results show that the antennas exhibit high performance regarding smaller area, high realized gain and better return loss in the frequency band of interest. These antennas are extremely flexible which give autonomy for their applications.

  • 24. Anam, Hafsa
    et al.
    Habib, Ayesha
    Jafri, Syeda Irum
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Directly Printable Frequency Signatured Chipless RFID Tag for IoT Applications2017In: Radioengineering, ISSN 1210-2512, E-ISSN 1805-9600, Vol. 26, no 1, p. 139-146Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper proposes a low-cost, compact, flexible passive chipless RFID tag that has been designed and analyzed. The tag is a bowtie-shaped resonator based structure with 36 slots; where each patch is loaded with 18 slots. The tag is set in a way that each slot in a patch corresponds to a metal gap in the other patch. Hence there is no mutual interference, and high data capacity of 36 bits is achieved in such compact size. Each slot corresponds to a resonance frequency in the RCS curve, and each resonance corresponds to a bit. The tag has been realized for Taconic TLX-0, PET, and Kapton (R) HN (DuPont (TM)) substrates with copper, aluminum, and silver nanoparticlebased ink (Cabot CCI-300) as conducting materials. The tag exhibits flexibility and well optimized while remaining in a compact size. The proposed tag yields 36 bits in a tag dimension of 24.5. 25.5 mm(2). These 36 bits can tag 2(36) number of objects/items. The ultimate high capacity, compact size, flexible passive chipless RFID tag can be arrayed in various industrial and IoT-based applications.

  • 25. Aslam, B.
    et al.
    Khan, U. H.
    Azam, M. A.
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronics. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Loo, J.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronics. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Miniaturized decoupled slotted patch RFID tag antennas for wearable health care2017In: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, ISSN 1096-4290, E-ISSN 1099-047X, Vol. 27, no 1, article id e21048Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, a couple of two-layered RFID tag antenna designs exhibiting improved performance descriptors for on-body applications are presented. The antennas are designed to operate in the microwave band (2.4–2.48 GHz) ensuring high data transmission rates ideal for real-time subject monitoring applications. The radiating element of both the antennas is a slotted patch structure provisioned with a pair of T-shaped slots realized on a commercial FR4 substrate. The augmentation of a systematic sequence of narrow comb-like etchings into the design enhances the impedance bandwidth considerably. A high permittivity silicon layer embedded with the radiating patch provides resilience from the human body dielectric losses. A modified antenna design utilizing patch miniaturization technique, resulting in an overall footprint reduction by 32%, is also proposed. The designed tag antennas offer a gain of more than 1.8 dBi and an attractive read range greater than 6.8 m in the operating band.

  • 26.
    Aslam, Bilal
    et al.
    Univ Engn & Technol, Dept Telecommun Engn, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila, Punjab, Pakistan..
    Azam, Muhammad A.
    Univ Engn & Technol, Dept Telecommun Engn, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila, Punjab, Pakistan..
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Embedded systems. Univ Engn & Technol, Dept Telecommun Engn, ACTSENA Res Grp, Taxila, Punjab, Pakistan..
    Loo, Jonathan
    Middlesex Univ, Sch Engn & Informat Sci, Dept Comp Sci, London, England..
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Embedded systems, Integrated devices and circuits.
    A high capacity tunable retransmission type frequency coded chipless radio frequency identification system2019In: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, ISSN 1096-4290, E-ISSN 1099-047X, Vol. 29, no 9, article id e21855Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article presents a 12-bit frequency coded chipless RFID system in the frequency range of 3 to 6 GHz. The system consists of a fully printable chipless tag and a pair of high-gain reader antennas. The tag also incorporates its own antennas to improve the read range. Information is encoded into frequency spectrum using a multi-resonant circuit. The circuit consists of multiple microstrip U and L-shaped open stub resonators patterned in a unique configuration. The proposed configuration aids in capturing more data in a reduced space as well as tunable frequency operation. Tag and reader antennas utilize techniques such as stepped impedance feeding line, defective partial ground plane, and stair-step patch structure to achieve wide-band impedance bandwidth in miniature size. The results of the wireless measurements in the non-anechoic environment show that the proposed system has a reading range of more than 20 cm. The presented system possesses great potential for low-cost short-range inventory tracking.

  • 27. Aslam, Bilal
    et al.
    Khan, Umar Hasan
    Azam, Muhammad Awais
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronics. Univ Engn & Technol, Pakistan.
    Loo, Jonathan
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronics, Integrated devices and circuits. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. Univ Turku, Finland.
    A compact implantable RFID tag antenna dedicated to wireless health care2017In: International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, ISSN 1096-4290, E-ISSN 1099-047X, Vol. 27, no 5, article id e21094Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Implantable tag antennas are an integral component of contemporary pervasive patient monitoring setups envisioned to reduce the medical errors and improve the quality of health care facilities. These tags, embedded into the human body, transmit critical patient information to the external equipment via a wireless communication link. This research article presents an implantable compact folded dipole antenna of size 10 mm 3 15 mm 3 2 mm, designed to operate in the industrial-scientificmedical band (2.4-2.48GHz). A three-layered phantom representing the human arm is used to evaluate the subcutaneous antenna performance. The tag antenna embedded in the middle of the fat layer offers a maximum gain of 216.3 dBi. The tag antenna performance as a function of implant position and phantom dimensions is analyzed. Link budget calculations show that with the achieved antenna gain the link power exceeds the required power by 38.37 dBm, and hence wireless communication is viable.

  • 28. Aslam, Bilal
    et al.
    Khan, Umar Hasan
    Habib, Ayesha
    Amin, Yasar
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. Univ Engn & Technol, Pakistan.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Industrial and Medical Electronics. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. University of Turku, Finland.
    Frequency signature chipless RFID tag with enhanced data capacity2015In: IEICE Electronics Express, E-ISSN 1349-2543, Vol. 12, no 17, article id 20150623Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Frequency signature chipless RFID tag based on spurline resonator is presented in this letter. Resonant response of spurline is explained by analyzing the surface current distribution. Chipless tag consists of a data encoding circuit and two cross polarised monopole antennas. The tag has a data capacity of 16 bits in the range 2.13 to 4.1 GHz. Data capacity of data encoding circuit is enhanced by repositioning the spurlines. The prototype of the tag is fabricated on FR4 substrate. Developed tag can be used for cost effective identification of items in the industry.

  • 29.
    Baghaei Nejad, Majid
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chip-package and antenna co-design of a tunable UWB transmitter in System-on-Package with on-chip versus off-chip passives2006In: ESTC 2006: 1st Electronics Systemintegration Technology Conference: Vols 1 and 2, Proceedings, 2006, p. 291-298Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we present a self-powered CMOS ultra wideband radio transmitter integrated in a Liquid-Crystal Polymer (LCP) based System on Package (SoP) module with an embedded small antenna. Chip-package-antenna co-design is performed for this module in the presence of unwanted packaging parasitic effects and optimizes the transmission efficiency. Our contribution includes new modeling of the RF-package and antenna and co-optimizing the chip and package design with on-chip versus off-chip passives trade-offs. The Sop module consists of an innovative tunable low power CMOS transmitter for IR-UWB communication, a double-slotted small-size embedded UWB antenna, and a power converter. The output amplitude and duration of the transmitter can be tuned to transmit a signal meeting the FCC mask in different pulse repetition rate for long and short range applications. This ability can also be used to compensate the process and temperature variations as well as the parasitic effects of packaging and antenna. The antenna has a return loss of better than -10dB. The power converter consists of a chain of surface mounted shottkey diodes and capacitors, which converts incident electromagnetic waves to DC supply and thus power up the transmitter. The final module is implemented in LCP substrate with integrated passive components and embedded antenna. The chip part is implemented in 0.18um CMOS process.

  • 30.
    Baghaei-Nejad, Majid
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Radiom, S.
    Vandenbosch, G.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Gielen, G.
    MICAS-ESAT, Katholieke Univ. Leuven.
    Fully integrated 1.2 pJ/p UWB transmitter with on-chip antenna for wireless identification2010In: Ultra-Wideband (ICUWB), 2010 IEEE International Conference on, IEEE Press, 2010, Vol. 1, p. 237-240Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A fully CMOS integrated impulse ultra wideband transmitter with monolithically on-chipantenna (OCA) for wireless identification is presented. Both OOK and BPSK modulation schemes are supported by the module. The chip is fabricated in standard 0.18μm CMOS technology. Direct measurement verifies the chip operation and wireless transmission measurement shows 7cm operation range with 1.2 pJ/pulse consumption at 10MPps, which is a huge improvement compared with related reported work with OCA.

  • 31.
    Baghaei-Nejad, Majid
    et al.
    Sabzevar Tarbiat Moallem University, Sabzevar, Iran.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Low cost and precise localization in a remote-powered wireless sensor and identification system2011Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A low cost and precise localization system based on a remote-powered UWB-RFID tag is presented for wireless identification, sensing, positioning and tracking. Our contribution is to utilize the Impulse Radio Ultra wideband (IR-UWB) communication in aRFID system. Such as conventional RFIDs, a tag captures energy from the received RF signal transmitted by a reader which also carries data and clock. However, instead of backscattering, an Impulse-UWB transmitter is used. By a low power design operation distance of 13.9 meters is achieved. A network consist of several readers provide power and retrieve data from the tags in a wide area. Due to the fine time resolution of the ultra-short pulse in IR-UWB, the UWB receiver in the readers are able to accurately approximate the time of arrival of the signal and based on the time-difference-of-arrival algorithm the position of the tag can be estimated precisely. In the line-of-sight scenario by a two-step acquisition system, ±16.8cm accuracy can be achieved. By a new communication protocol proposed based on slotted-ALOHA anti-collision algorithm, 2000 tags per second can be read. The tag circuitry is designed and implemented in CMOS 180nm technology in a single chip solution.

  • 32. Bao, D.
    et al.
    Zou, Zhuo
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Industrial and Medical Electronics. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Huan, Y.
    Zhai, Chuanying
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Industrial and Medical Electronics. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Bagaian, T.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Industrial and Medical Electronics. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Källbäck, B.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Industrial and Medical Electronics. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Fudan University, Shanghai, China .
    A smart catheter system for minimally invasive brain monitoring2015In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Biomedical Electronics and Devices, SciTePress, 2015, p. 198-203Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper demonstrates a smart catheter system with intracranial pressure (ICP) and temperature sensing capability which is designed for real-time monitoring in traumatic brain injury (TBI) therapy. It uses a single flexible catheter with a 1 mm (3 Fr) diameter that integrates electrodes and sophisticated silicon chip on flexible substrates, enabling multimodality monitoring of physiological signals. A micro-electromechanical-system (MEMS) catheter pressure sensor is mounted on the distal end. It can be used for detecting both pressure and temperature by different switch configurations, which minimizes the size of catheter and reduces the cost. The interconnects (signalling conductors) are printed on a bio-compatible flexible substrate, and the sensor is interfaced with an embedded electronic system at the far-end. The electronic system consists of analog front end with analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a microcontroller, and data interface to the hospital infrastructure with a graphical user interface (GUI). The overall smart catheter system achieves a pressure sensing root mean square error (RMSE) of ±1.5 mmHg measured from 20 mmHg to 300 mmHg above 1 atm and a temperature sensing RMSE of ±0.08°C measured from 32°C to 42°C. The sampling rate can be up to 10S/s. The in vivo performance is demonstrated in laboratory animals.

  • 33. Bao, D.
    et al.
    Zou, Zhuo
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Industrial and Medical Electronics. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Wang, Q.
    Nejad, Majid Baghaei
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Industrial and Medical Electronics. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. Fudan University, China.
    A wirelessly-powered UWB sensor tag with time-domain sensor interface2014In: Proceedings - IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2014, p. 2503-2506Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a wirelessly-powered sensor tag with a time-domain sensor interface for wireless sensing applications. The tag is remotely powered by RF wave. Instead of traditional approaches employing conventional ADCs for quantization and transmitter for data communication, in this work, a Pulse Position Modulator incorporating simple impulse radio UWB (IR-UWB) transmitter is proposed to convert and transmit the analog sensing information in time domain. The analog signal is compared with an adjustable triangular wave for analog to time conversion in signal-varying environments. Then a UWB transmitter converts the PPM signal to very short pulses and sends it back to the reader. The time interval of UWB pulses represents the original input signal in time domain which can be measured on the reader side by a time-to-digital conversion. This approach not only simplifies the ADC design but also relaxes the number of bits transmitted on the tag side. The sensor tag is designed in 180nm CMOS process. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach reduce transmission power consumption by nearly 3 orders of magnitude over traditional approaches, while consuming only 85 μW for 1.5 MS/s sampling rate.

  • 34.
    Chen, Jian
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Low Noise Oscillator in ADPLL toward Direct-to-RF All-digital Polar Transmitter2012Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent years all-digital or digitally-intensive RF transmitters (TX) have attracted great attention in both literature and industry. The motivation is to implement RF circuits in a manner suiting advanced nanometer CMOS processes. To achieve that, information is encoded in the time-domain rather than voltage amplitude. This enables RF design to also benefit from CMOS process scaling. In this thesis an improved architecture of a digitally-intensive transmitter is proposed and validated experimentally. The techniques to lower oscillator phase noise and all-digital phase-locked loop (ADPLL) quantization noise are discussed and proved by both simulation and measurements.

    The impact of device sizing on 1/f^2 phase noise is analyzed and validated by measurements. Seven oscillators in 180-nm CMOS with the same LC-tank, operation frequency and power consumption but different core device width are compared. The conclusion clarify the different suggestions on device sizing in the literature. It is illustrated that tail noise contribution is strongly positive dependent to core device sizing, while the contribution of core devices themselves is weakly dependent. Measurements demonstrate that there is a 14-dB phase noise increase when sizing core devices from 40 um to 280 um in the case of noisy tail current. If tail current is clean, the increase is only 4 dB.  For 1/f^3 phase noise, the investigation reveals that the capacitance modulation is the dominant factor accounting for the 1/f or flick noise up-conversion, which is proved by measurements of 180-nm CMOS designs.   A class-C oscillator with ensured start-up and constant amplitude is presented. It achieves a 3.9-dB phase noise reduction in theory and 5-dB reduction in measurements, compared to a conventional LC-tank oscillator operating at the same frequency and power. With the help of a digital bias voltage and bias current control loop, a 191 Figure-of-Merit (FoM) is achieved, showing the ability for low power and noise application.   The previous oscillator optimization techniques have been applied in designing a digital controlled oscillator (DCO) for an ADPLL. A fine tuning varactor is proposed to reduce quantization noise, achieving a frequency step of only several hundreds Hz. In order to measure this small frequency step when the DCO is free-running, a method based on the narrow-band frequency modulation (FM) theory is proposed. The ADPLL wide-band FM is fulfilled by using a digital two-point modulation so that the modulation bandwidth is not limited by the ADPLL loop dynamic.

    Finally an all-digital polar TX is proposed based on an improved architecture. The ADPLL is used for FM while a one-bit low-pass Sigma Delta modulator using the phase modulated ADPLL output as the clock accomplishes amplitude modulation. A simple AND gate is adopted to increase the fundamental power as mixers. A class-D power amplifier stages diliver 6.8-dBm power to antenna through a on-chip band-pass pre-filter. The filter also acts as single-ended to differential-end conversion and matching network.

    Download full text (pdf)
    JianPhD_OscPllADTX
  • 35.
    Chen, Jian
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Jonsson, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Carlsson, Mats
    Hedenas, Charlotta
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    A Low Power, Startup Ensured and Constant Amplitude Class-C VCO in 0.18 mu m CMOS2011In: IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, ISSN 1531-1309, E-ISSN 1558-1764, Vol. 21, no 8, p. 427-429Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A low power and robust class-C voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is presented in this letter. It features 1) an automatic startup loop to achieve the optimal point and address the inherent risk of startup failure and 2) a digital amplitude control loop to stabilize amplitude and enhance the PVT ( process, voltage and temperature) tolerance. The design is implemented in a 0.18 mu m CMOS process. Measurement demonstrates the VCO has a 20% tuning range and phase noise of -123.0 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from a 3.1 GHz carrier while consuming 1.57-mW power from a 1 V supply, yielding a Figure-of-Merit (FoM) of 191.1. While operating under the minimum power of 560 mu W, it produces -111.3 dBc/Hz phase noise at 1 MHz offset from a 3.1 GHz carrier showing a 183.8 FoM.

  • 36.
    Chen, Jian
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Jonsson, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Carlsson, Mats
    Hedenäs, Charlotta
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Flicker noise conversion in CMOS LC oscillators: capacitance modulation dominance and core device sizing2011In: Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, ISSN 0925-1030, E-ISSN 1573-1979, Vol. 68, no 2, p. 145-154Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Flicker noise upconversion mechanisms in oscillators have been acquired in the literature, however their relative weights are still under investigation. It is desirable to find the dominant one, since a certain noise suppression method reduces one mechanism but may increase another. In this work, we propose a systematic simulation method to distinguish their relative impacts. The outcome indicates parasitic capacitance is the dominant factor for both tail 1/f noise and switch pair 1/f noise upconversions, implying to use small dimension core devices. Design guidelines on sizing devices are presented and two suppression techniques are compared. Two voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) with these suppression techniques are fabricated in a 0.18 mu m CMOS process, allowing us to compare their performance. The two VCOs can be Focused-Ion-Beam (FIB) trimmed to change the width of switch pair FETs. The fair comparison of measurement results among them verify the dominant role of parasitic capacitance in 1/f noise upconversion. The measurement results also confirm the design guidelines and demonstrate the difference of two suppression methods.

  • 37.
    Chen, Jian
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Jonsson, Fredrik
    Carlsson, Mats
    Hedenäs, Charlotta
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zhou, Dian
    Experimental Validation of Device Sizing on CMOS LC-VCO Phase NoiseManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This work investigates the impact of device sizingon phase noise in CMOS LC-tank oscillators, based on specificdesigns and careful measurements. It experimentally verified thepreviously published equations and clarified some conflictingdesign guidelines. The conclusions are grounded on the faircomparison of seven VCOs with the core device width varyingfrom 40 um to 280 um. These VCOs are originated from the samedie by using Focused Ion Beam (FIB), guaranteeing the sameorder of process variation. With the aid of a switched capacitorbank, they are able to operate at practically same oscillationfrequency under the same bias. These conditions assure the faircomparison. It validated that phase noise from tail devices isstrongly dependent to core device size (14 dB from measurements)while phase noise from core devices themselves shows smallerdependence (4 dB). Design guidelines, applying to different tailnoise cases, are concluded and generally advise the minimumcore device width especially when tail noise is dominant.

  • 38.
    Chen, Jian
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Jonsson, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Olsson, Håkan
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zhou, Dian
    State Key Laboratory of ASIC & System, Fudan University, Shanghai.
    A Current Shaping Technique to Lower Phase Noise in LC Oscillators2008In: 15th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, ICECS 2008: St. Julian's; 31 August 2008 through 3 September 2008, 2008, p. 392-395Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 39.
    Chen, Jian
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Jonsson, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    A Fast and Accurate Phase Noise Measurement of Free Running Oscillators Using a Single Spectrum Analyzer2010In: 28th Norchip Conference, NORCHIP 2010, 2010Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a practical phase noise measurement approach, which only requires a spectrum analyzer and a computer, featuring fast setups, accurate results and low cost. Not like the conventional methods using extra assistant circuits to get rid of the frequency drift problem, this approach takes advantage of modern spectrum analyzers to acquire IQ data to calculate phase noise. The low quantization noise of the instrument makes this approach suitable for most CMOS integrated oscillators. The IQ data sampling time can be made small enough so that the frequency drift is not so obvious to harm the measurement accuracy. The experimental results clearly demonstrates the accuracy and the effectiveness of this method through measuring phase noise of two voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs) in 180nm CMOS process at 2.6 GHz and 3.0 GHz respectively.

  • 40.
    Chen, Jian
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Jonsson, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Carlsson, Mats
    Catena Wireless Electronic AB.
    Hedenas, Charlotta
    Catena Wireless Electronic AB.
    Zhou, Dian
    Fudan University.
    Quantitative Comparison of 1/f Noise Upconversion in CMOS LC Oscillators2009In: In the 9th Swedish System-on-Chip Conference, 2009Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 41.
    Chen, Jian
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Jonsson, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Tenhunen, Hannu
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS.
    Zhou, Dian
    Fudan University.
    Sizing of MOS device in LC-tank oscillators2007In: 2007 Norchip, 2007, p. 90-95Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since previous publications show conflicting results about sizing device, relationship between device size and 1/f(2) phase noise is studied and closed-form equations are derived in order to help designers to size devices in LC-tank oscillators for good phase noise performance. The analysis is divided into two steps. Firstly, periodic noise transfer functions of each VCO noise source to the output of switch FETs are derived, and the impact of sizing on these functions is discussed. Secondly, phase noise equations are derived with these functions. Experiments show that phase noise predicted by the equations agrees with that from simulations.

  • 42.
    Chen, Jian
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Rong, Liang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Jonsson, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Yang, Geng
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Lirong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    The Design of All-Digital Polar Transmitter based on ADPLL and Phase Synchronized Delta Sigma Modulator2012In: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, ISSN 0018-9200, E-ISSN 1558-173X, Vol. 47, no 5, p. 1154-1164Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An improved architecture of polar transmitter (TX) is presented. The proposed architectureis digitally-intensive and mainly composed of an all-digital PLL (ADPLL) for phasemodulation, a 1-bit low-pass delta sigma (Delta Sigma) modulator for envelop modulation, and aH-bridge class-D power amplifier (PA) for differential signaling. The (Delta Sigma) modulator isclocked using the phase modulated RF carrier to ensure phase synchronization between theamplitude and phase path, and to guarantee the PA is switching at zero crossings of theoutput current.An on chip pre-filter is used to reduce the parasitic capacitance from packages at theswitch stage output. The high over sampling ratio of the (Delta Sigma) modulator move quantizationnoise far away from the carrier frequency, ensuring good in-band performance and relax filterrequirements. The on-chip filter also acts as impedance matching and differential to singleended conversion. The measured digital transmitter consumes 58 mW from a 1 V at 6.8 dBm output power.

  • 43.
    Chen, Jian
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Rong, Liang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Jonsson, Fredrik
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    All-digital transmitter based on ADPLL and phase synchronized delta sigma modulator2011In: Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium (RFIC), 2011 IEEE, IEEE , 2011, p. 1-4Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A novel architecture of all-digital polar transmitters is proposed, mainly composed of an all digital PLL (ADPLL) for phase modulation, a 1-bit low-pass delta sigma (ΔΣ) modulator for envelop modulation and a high efficiency class-D PA. The low noise ADPLL and high oversample ΔΣ modulator relax filter design, enabling the use of a on-chip filter. The differential signaling scheme enhances the power of the fundamental tone and suppresses DC and high harmonics. The transmitter was fabricated in a 90nm digital CMOS process, occupying 1.4 mm2. The measurement results demonstrate effectiveness of the architecture. The digital transmitter consumes 58 mW power from a 1 V supply, delivering a 6.81-dBm output.

  • 44.
    Chen, Xiaowen
    et al.
    KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES).
    Lu, Zhonghai
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronics.
    Liu, S.
    Chen, S.
    Round-trip DRAM access fairness in 3D NoC-based many-core systems2017In: ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems, ISSN 1539-9087, E-ISSN 1558-3465, Vol. 16, no 5s, article id 162Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In 3D NoC-based many-core systems, DRAM accesses behave differently due to their different communication distances and the latency gap of different DRAM accesses becomes bigger as the network size increases, which leads to unfair DRAM access performance among different nodes. This phenomenon may lead to high latencies for some DRAM accesses that become the performance bottleneck of the system. The paper addresses the DRAM access fairness problem in 3D NoC-based many-core systems by narrowing the latency difference of DRAM accesses as well as reducing the maximum latency. Firstly, the latency of a round-trip DRAM access is modeled and the factors causing DRAM access latency difference are discussed in detail. Secondly, the DRAM access fairness is further quantitatively analyzed through experiments. Thirdly, we propose to predict the network latency of round-trip DRAM accesses and use the predicted round-trip DRAM access time as the basis to prioritize the DRAM accesses in DRAM interfaces so that the DRAM accesses with potential high latencies can be transferred as early and fast as possible, thus achieving fair DRAM access. Experiments with synthetic and application workloads validate that our approach can achieve fair DRAM access and outperform the traditional First-Come-First-Serve (FCFS) scheduling policy and the scheduling policies proposed by reference [7] and [24] in terms of maximum latency, Latency Standard Deviation (LSD)1 and speedup. In the experiments, the maximum improvement of the maximum latency, LSD, and speedup are 12.8%, 6.57%, and 8.3% respectively. Besides, our proposal brings very small extra hardware overhead (<0.6%) in comparison to the three counterparts.

  • 45. Cui, Xiaolei
    et al.
    Yuan, Sijian
    Zhang, Huotian
    Zhang, Xin
    Wang, Pengfei
    Tu, Li
    Sun, Zhengyi
    Wang, Jiao
    Zhan, Yiqiang
    Zheng, Li-rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Temperature-dependent electronic properties of inorganic-organic hybrid halide perovskite (CH3NH3PbBr3) single crystal2017In: Applied Physics Letters, ISSN 0003-6951, E-ISSN 1077-3118, Vol. 111, no 23, article id 233302Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, the temperature-dependent electronic properties of inorganic-organic hybrid halide perovskite (CH3NH3PbBr3) single crystals are investigated. The dynamic current-time measurement results at different temperatures directly demonstrate that the electrical properties of the perovskite single crystal are dependent on the work temperature. We find that the Poole-Frankel conduction mechanism fits the current-voltage curves at small bias voltage (0-1 V) under darkness, which is mainly attributed to the surface defect states. The capability of carriers de-trapping from defects varies with different work temperatures, resulting in an increased current as the temperature increases under both darkness and illumination. In addition, the different transient photocurrent responses of incident light at two wavelengths (470 nm, 550 nm) further confirm the existence of defect states on the single crystal surface. Published by AIP Publishing.

  • 46. Farraj, Yousef
    et al.
    Grouchko, Michael
    Magdassi, Shlomo
    Koch, Fritz
    Wittkötter, Mirko
    Müller, Maik
    Reinhold, Ingo
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zapka, Werner
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Ink-Jet Printed Copper Complex MOD Ink for Plastic Electronics2014In: International Conference on Non Impact Printing and Digital Fabrication, 2014, p. 191-193Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The development of highly conductive copper patterns on low-cost flexible substrates (PET, PEN, etc.) by inkjet printing is reported. Copper films were obtained from a metallo-organic decomposition (MOD) ink composed of a copper complex and suitable low-viscosity solvents. Upon heating the ink decomposed and was converted into metallic copper under nitrogen as inert atmosphere.Additionally samples were prepared using inkjet technology on various substrates. The required layer thickness for current conduction was assessed by printing on PET and sintering at 150 °C in a vacuum oven.

  • 47.
    Feng, Yi
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Industrial and Medical Electronics. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Printed RFID Humidity Sensor Tags for Flexible Smart Systems2015Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Radio frequency identification (RFID) and sensing are two key technologies enabling the Internet of Things (IoT). Development of RFID tags augmented with sensing capabilities (RFID sensor tags) would allow a variety of new applications, leading to a new paradigm of the IoT. Chipless RFID sensor technology offers a low-cost solution by eliminating the need of an integrated circuit (IC) chip, and is hence highly desired for many applications. On the other hand, printing technologies have revolutionized the world of electronics, enabling cost-effective manufacturing of large-area and flexible electronics. By means of printing technologies, chipless RFID sensor tags could be made flexible and lightweight at a very low cost, lending themselves to the realization of ubiquitous intelligence in the IoT era.

    This thesis investigated three construction methods of printable chipless RFID humidity sensor tags, with focus on the incorporation of the sensing function. In the first method, wireless sensing based on backscatter modulation was separately realized by loading an antenna with a humidity-sensing resistor. An RFID sensor tag could then be constructed by combining the wireless sensor with a chipless RFID tag. In the second method, a chipless RFID sensor tag was built up by introducing a delay line between the antenna and the resistor. Based on time-domain reflectometry (TDR), the tag encoded ID in the delay time between its structural-mode and antenna-mode scattering pulse, and performed the sensing function by modulating the amplitude of the antenna-mode pulse.

    In both of the above methods, a resistive-type humidity-sensing material was required. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) presented themselves as promising candidate due to their outstanding electrical, structural and mechanical properties. MWCNTs functionalized (f-MWCNTs) by acid treatment demonstrated high sensitivity and fast response to relative humidity (RH), owing to the presence of carboxylic acid groups. The f-MWCNTs also exhibited superior mechanical flexibility, as their resistance and sensitivity remained almost stable under either tensile or compressive stress. Moreover, an inkjet printing process was developed for the f-MWCNTs starting from ink formulation to device fabrication. By applying the f-MWCNTs, a flexible humidity sensor based on backscatter modulation was thereby presented. The operating frequency range of the sensor was significantly enhanced by adjusting the parasitic capacitance in the f-MWCNTs resistor. A fully-printed time-coded chipless RFID humidity sensor tag was also demonstrated. In addition, a multi-parameter sensor based on TDR was proposed.The sensor concept was verified by theoretical analysis and circuit simulation.

    In the third method, frequency-spectrum signature was utilized considering its advantages such as coding capacity, miniaturization, and immunity to noise. As signal collision problem is inherently challenging in chipless RFID sensor systems, short-range identification and sensing applications are believed to embody the core values of the chipless RFID sensor technology. Therefore a chipless RFID humidity sensor tag based on near-field inductive coupling was proposed. The tag was composed of two planar inductor-capacitor (LC) resonators, one for identification, and the other one for sensing. Moreover, paper was proposed to serve as humidity-sensing substrate for the sensor resonator on accounts of its porous and absorptive features.

    Both inkjet paper and ordinary packaging paper were studied. A commercial UV-coated packaging paper was proven to be a viable and more robust alternative to expensive inkjet paper as substrate for inkjet-printed metal conductors. The LC resonators printed on paper substrates showed excellent sensitivity and reasonable response time to humidity in terms of resonant frequency. Particularly, the resonator printed on the UV-coated packaging paper exhibited the largest sensitivity from 20% to 70% RH, demonstrating the possibilities of directly printing the sensor tag on traditional packages to realize intelligent packaging at an ultra-low cost.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Thesis
  • 48.
    Feng, Yi
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Mueller, Matthias
    Xaar Jet AB.
    Zapka, Werner
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Inkjet Printed UWB Impulse-based Wireless Sensor for Flexible Electronics2012In: Gigahertz Symposium, 2012Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 49.
    Feng, Yi
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic Systems. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. Fudan University, China.
    Design of a Printable Multi-Functional Sensor for Remote Monitoring2011In: 2011 IEEE SENSORS Proceedings, IEEE Sensors Council, 2011, p. 675-678Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper proposes a novel printable multi-functional passive sensor for remote monitoring. The sensor mainly consists of a series of pairs of transmission lines and sensing resistors whose resistances vary with one physical parameter. A short-duration radio-frequency pulse as interrogation signal travels along the transmission line and is partially reflected at each resistor due to impedance mismatch. By measuring the energies of the discrete reflected pulses in time domain, all the physical parameters could be detected simultaneously. This design not only saves complex circuitry but also enables easy adaptation for detecting multiple parameters. We have theoretically analyzed the sensor assuming it has an arbitrary number of sensing resistors. The introduced algorithm between the pulse energies and resistances is verified by simulation. As a prototype, an inkjet-printed sensor on polyimide foil is presented. The experimental measurement has successfully proven the design concept. 

  • 50.
    Feng, Yi
    et al.
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK. Fudan University, China .
    Hållstedt, Julius
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Chen, Qiang
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Zheng, Li-Rong
    KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Electronic, Computer and Software Systems, ECS. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, VinnExcellence Center for Intelligence in Paper and Packaging, iPACK.
    Huang, Yiping
    Fudan University.
    Development and experimental verification of analytical models for printable interdigital capacitor sensors on paperboard2009In: 2009 IEEE Sensors, IEEE Sensors Council, 2009, p. 1034-1039Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Printed interdigital capacitor DWI on paperboard is a promising solution for low-cost sensors in intelligent packaging applications. The currently available analytical models of multi-layered IDCs are targeted to those fabricated by conventional semiconductor process. For this reason, we have adapted two promising models and assessed their accuracies by comparison with experimental data. We modified these models by treating the paper as non-infinite thick substrate and taking the effect of printed metal thickness into account. The models are studied further to reveal the relationship between the response of capacitance change and various geometric parameters which enables a quick way of obtaining the optimum IDC structure design. The modified Gevorgian model fits our experimental data best, and the sensitivity of IDCs is largely affected by its spatial wavelength and the thickness of sensing material layer, while the finger number, length and metallization ratio have minor impact.

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