ADHD är den snabbast växande diagnosen på senare tid och har länge setts som en problematik främst förekommande bland barn. Den befintliga forskningen gällande ADHD är därför mer anpassad till yngre individer och syftet med denna studie är därför att undersöka vuxnas upplevelse och hur de förhåller sig till diagnosen samt omgivningens reaktioner gentemot ADHD utifrån respondentens perspektiv. För att kunna ta reda på detta intervjuades fem individer med ADHD och en kvalitativ forskningsansats valdes som metod för intervjuerna. Vidare valdes meningskoncentrering som analysmetod för intervjuerna då den kortar ner och koncentrerar utvalda citat som användes i analysen. För att tolka och analysera respondenternas upplevelser kring ADHD användes valda teorier som verktyg; stigma, rollteori samt jagpsykologi. Detta för att få en bredare förståelse för respondenternas upplevelser samt förklaringar utifrån teorierna. Slutsatsen berörde diskussioner gällande hur intervjurespondenterna lever med ADHD idag, hela utvecklingsprocessen som diagnosen gav upphov till samt omgivningens syn på ADHD som något avvikande. Utvecklingsprocessen som respondenterna genomlevde innan de accepterade diagnosen som en del av sin identitet gav upphov till en modell som tydligare förklarar de faser respondenterna upplevde. Detta från att diagnosen sattes tills de anammat diagnosen och även använde sig av den i positiva ändamål, exempelvis att arbeta med andra som har ADHD.
This follow-up study explored parents' (N=452) intimate relationships when their firstborn child was 6 months old and then 4 years later. The measurement used was a modified version of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, DAS. The present results show that most parents responding were content sensually at 6 months postpartum in 2002 and 4 years later, in 2006. More parents had changed from being sensually content in 2002 to discontent in 2006, than the contrary, however, and the sexual contentment remained low. The average sexual frequency was low both at 6 months and at 4 years for both parents with and without additional children. Experiencing tiredness as a hindrance to having sex was perceived as a greater problem among those parents without additional children. Prospective regression analyses indicated that sexuality was significantly related to both sensual and sexual contentment 4 years later. Sexuality was also one of the most significant covariates in the cross-sectional regression analysis for sensual contentment. Since sexuality plays a central role in partner well-being, it may be an important target for helping parents with small children.
The purpose of this study was to examine foster parents experiences of the support they have received from a municipality´s social service. Essential questions in the study was how the foster parents experienced the availability of support and the emotional support they have received from the social service as well as how the support was experienced in contact with the placed child´s network. In this study, ten foster parents from five foster homes in a smaller town in the middle of Sweden were interviewed about their experiences of the support they have received from the social services. The study has a qualitative starting point with ecological systems theory and system theory. Our results demonstrate that the foster parents were satisfied with the support they have received from the social services in forms of phone calls and visits, and for one of the families also through e-mail. However, there were some dissatisfaction regarding not getting enough support from the social service in the beginning of the placement, which was considered to be a more uncertain and challenging time, and that social workers often were inaccessible and that they could be difficult to get hold on by phone. Other issues identified were difficulties in distinguishing which responsibilities lied on the family and which responsibilities lied on the social welfare. There were uncertainties about who really was responsible for parts of the family home mission, especially regarding maintaining of contact with the child's network that in some cases were seen as strained. Despite some difficulties, the overall support was perceived as good by all of the foster parents.
The purpose of this study was to examine how family law secretaries experience the situations of the children in accordance with their assignments in the custody, residence and contact cases. These questions were asked: What instruments/tools are used to determine the children’s situation in the custody, residence and contact cases during the parental separation? How do family law secretaries define their role in custody, residence and contact cases at the parents’ separation? This study was conducted by using a qualitative research method which included eight semi-structured interviews with family law secretaries. As a basis for our study we have used the systems theory and street-level bureaucracy. This is because the family law secretaries have authority and in the case investigations they observe how the family members interact with each other. The results were interpreted by the phenomenological approach, which showed that there were significant differences in how family law secretaries interpreted what was included in their assignment. The family law secretaries’ foremost instrument during case handling was shown to be conversation. Another important result was that all family law secretaries felt that the childrens health was affected by their parents’ separation and that the childrens relationship to their parents was also affected, both negatively and positively in the short and long term.
This study is about the roles that the cultural background and type of schools play for being exposed to ethnic harassment as an immigrant. I use data from a longitudinal study called the Seven Schools Project at Örebro University. The participants were 1602 youths, 760 boys and 838 girls, and these participants were between 13-16 years of age (grades 7 through 9 in the Swedish comprehensive schools). The most important finding in this study was that the association between cultural identity and being exposed to ethnic harassment depended on the type of school the immigrants attended to. In schools with few immigrants, immigrant youths seemed to differentiate between their original cultural identity and a Swedish identity, and in these schools exposure to ethnic harassment was higher if the youths adopted a traditional cultural identity. In schools with many immigrants, by contrast, youths did not seem to differentiate between the original cultural and a Swedish identity. In these schools, it did not matter what cultural identity the students had - they were both related to higher ethnic harassment. Finally, I found no differences between the genders with regard to exposure to ethnic harassment.
This study aims to examine how parents are effected by having a child addicted to drugs, what support have the parents received from instances they been in contact with regarding the child's addiction and what constitutes the best kind of support according to the parents. Based on the aim of the study a qualitative research approach was chosen and collection of the empirical data was made through semi-structured interviews. Previous research on the area has shown an obvious limitation. Existing research confirm however that support for dependants is a neglected area. The result of the study show that the everyday life for the parents has been dramatically affected as the drug addiction of the children has lead to negative consequences in terms of practical, economical, emotional and social areas. The result also shows a lack of support, mainly from the social services. According to the parents the best support can be obtained by early interventions, cooperation between the instances in current contact for the parents in connection with the child's drug abuse and the opportunity to meet parents with similar experiences as themselves.
People with insomnia attend to sleep-related stimuli during the day and night. The activity is called monitoring. In mindfulness (MN) attention plays a central part, and by practicing MN the ability to direct attention can be improved. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of MN and behavioral therapy (BT) when treating people with primary insomnia who tend to monitor sleep-related cues. The effect on sleep and monitoring was examined, as well as the secondary effect on worry and rumination. A single-subject design with a constructive strategy was used. Two different treatments were implemented and half of the participants were given BT and the other half BT+MN. Together the results showed that sleep, monitoring and worry improved, but independent of MN. A suggestion for future research is to extend the current design to further explore the effect of MN within the treatment of insomnia.
The purpose of this paper is to explore what objects that can be seized and how the management of a seizure should be conducted. Ability to take enforcement against an individual should be carefully weighed against the rights and freedoms that exist. Seizure is one of the various restraints that exist, and the regulation on which they appear is mainly in the Code of Judicial Procedure, Chapter 27th. To be able to apply coercive measures, it is fundamental prerequisite that a criminal investigation is initiated, but there exist some significant exceptions to this. There are also rules about who has the right to provide for the seizure, the decision can be taken by a prosecutor, an investigator, a police officer or, in special cases, the court. The purpose of a seizure is mainly to secure the subject of a criminal investigation, to secure objects that have been arrogated or to secure future forfeiture. Therefore it is only possible to seize objects that are relevant to a criminal investigation, and it is only movable property such as written documents or electronic objects that can be seized. Items that have been seized should be handled in accordance with the laws that exist. A protocol shall be established and supervision shall be exercised over the seizure and a seizure should end when it is no longer relevant to the criminal investigation. The regulation has recently changed and that created new improved opportunities, but despite that, the area is complex and constantly evolving technology makes it difficult.
En kurs i samhällsorientering för alla nyanlända i Sverige ger dem bättre chans till delaktighet och jämlikhet. Utan kunskap om samhällets grundläggande värderingar saknas en viktig förutsättning för att kunna leva och verka i Sverige. Statens skyldighet bör vara att tillhandahålla samhällsorientering som tar fasta på tre kunskapsområden – värden (de konstitutionella grundvalarna), välfärdsstaten (de offentliga institutionerna) och vardagslivet (praktiskt tillämpad kännedom om hur välfärdsstaten fungerar). Kommunerna bör erbjuda varje nyanländ person minst 60 timmars utbildning, utan att dela in dem i traditionella kategorier efter etniska eller religiösa identiteter, skriver Erik Amnå i ett förslag som i dag överlämnas till integrationsminister Nyamko Sabuni.