Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet

Change search
Refine search result
1234567 1 - 50 of 464
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1.
    Aghanavesi, Somayeh
    et al.
    Dalarna Univ, Falun, Sweden.
    Memedi, Mevludin
    Örebro Univ, Örebro, Sweden.
    Dougherty, Mark
    Dalarna Univ, Falun, Sweden.
    Nyholm, Dag
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Westin, Jerker
    Dalarna Univ, Falun, Sweden.
    Verification of a Method for Measuring Parkinson's Disease Related Temporal Irregularity in Spiral Drawings2017In: Sensors, E-ISSN 1424-8220, Vol. 17, no 10, article id 2431Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    -value = 0.02). Test-retest reliability of TIS was good with Intra-class Correlation Coefficient of 0.81. When assessing changes in relation to treatment, TIS contained some information to capture changes from Off to On and wearing off effects. However, the correlations between TIS and clinical scores (UPDRS and Dyskinesia) were weak. TIS was able to differentiate spiral drawings drawn by patients in an advanced stage from those drawn by healthy subjects, and TIS had good test-retest reliability. TIS was somewhat responsive to single-dose levodopa treatment. Since TIS is an upper limb high-frequency-based measure, it cannot be detected during clinical assessment.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 2.
    Al-Chalabi, Ammar
    et al.
    Kings Coll London, Dept Basic & Clin Neurosci, Maurice Wohl Clin Neurosci Inst, London, England..
    Andersen, Peter M.
    Umea Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Clin Neurosci, Umea, Sweden..
    Chandran, Siddharthan
    Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland..
    Chio, Adriano
    Univ Torino, ALS Ctr, Rita Levi Montalcini Dept Neurosci, Turin, Italy..
    Corcia, Philippe
    CHU Tours, Ctr Competence SLA Federat Tours Limoges, Tours, France..
    Couratier, Philippe
    CHU Limoges, Ctr Competence SLA Federat Tours Limoges, Limoges, France..
    Danielsson, Olof
    Linkoping Univ, Dept Neurol, Linkoping, Sweden.;Linkoping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden..
    de Carvalho, Mamede
    Univ Lisbon, Fac Med, Inst Phys, Inst Mol Med, Lisbon, Portugal.;H Santa Maria CHLN, Dept Neurosci & Mental Hlth, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Desnuelle, Claude
    CHU Nice, Hop Pasteur 2, Nice, France..
    Grehl, Torsten
    Alfried Krupp Hosp, Essen, Germany..
    Grosskreutz, Julian
    Jena Univ Hosp, Hans Berger Dept Neurol, Jena, Germany..
    Holmoy, Trygve
    Kershus Univ Lorenskog, Lorenskog, Norway..
    Ingre, Caroline
    Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Karlsborg, Merete
    Bispebjerg Hosp, Dept Neurol, Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Kleveland, Grethe
    Sykehuset Innlandet, Avdeling Nevrologi Klin Nevrofysiol, Lillehammer, Norway..
    Christoph Koch, Jan
    Univ Med Gottingen, Dept Neurol, Gottingen, Germany..
    Koritnik, Blaz
    Univ Med Ctr Ljubljana, Inst Clin Neurophysiol, Ljubljana, Slovenia..
    KuzmaKozakiewicz, Magdalena
    Med Univ Warsaw, Dept Neurol, Warsaw, Poland..
    Laaksovirta, Hannu
    Univ Helsinki, Cent Hosp, Helsinki, Finland..
    Ludolph, Albert
    Univ Ulm, Dept Neurol, Ulm, Germany..
    McDermott, Christopher
    Univ Sheffield, Sheffield Inst Translat Neurosci, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England..
    Meyer, Thomas
    Univ Med Berlin, ALS Outpatient Dept, Charite, Berlin, Germany..
    Ropero, Bernardo Mitre
    Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Pardina, Jesus Mora
    Hosp San Rafael, ALS Unit, Madrid, Spain..
    Nygren, Ingela
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Petri, Susanne
    Hannover Med Sch, Dept Neurol, Hannover, Germany..
    Povedano Panades, Monica
    Univ Bellvitge, IDIBELL, Neurol Dept Hosp, Barcelona, Spain..
    Salachas, Francois
    Hop Salptriere, Paris, France..
    Shaw, Pamela
    Univ Sheffield, Sheffield Inst Translat Neurosci, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England..
    Silani, Vincenzo
    Univ Milan, IRCCS Ist Auxol Italiano, Dept Neurol, Stroke Unit, Milan, Italy.;Univ Milan, IRCCS Ist Auxol Italiano, Neurosci Lab, Dept Pathophysiol & Transplantat,Ctr Neurotechnol, Milan, Italy..
    Staaf, Gert
    Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden..
    Svenstrup, Kirsten
    Bispebjerg Hosp, Dept Neurol, Copenhagen, Denmark..
    Talbot, Kevin
    Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept, Clin Neurosci, Oxford, England..
    Tysnes, Ole-Bjorn
    Haukeland Univ Sjukehus, Bergen, Norway..
    Van Damme, Philip
    Univ Leuven, KU Leuven, Dept Neurosci Expt Neurol, Leuven, Belgium.;VIB Ctr Brain & Dis Res, Leuven, Belgium.;Univ Hosp Leuven, Dept Neurol, Leuven, Belgium..
    van der Kooi, Anneke
    Univ Amsterdam Ctr, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Amsterdam, Netherlands..
    Weber, Markus
    Kantonssp St Gallen, ALS Clin, Neuromuscular Dis Ctr, St Gallen, Switzerland..
    Weydt, Patrick
    Univ Bonn, Dept Neurodegenerat Dis & Gerontopsychiatry, Bonn, Germany..
    Wolf, Joachim
    Diakonissen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Mannheim, Germany..
    Hardiman, Orla
    Trinity Coll Dublin, Trinity Biomed Sci Inst, Acad Unit Neurol, Dublin, Ireland..
    van den Berg, Leonard H.
    Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Brain Ctr Rudolf Magnus, Dept Neurol, Utrecht, Netherlands..
    July 2017 ENCALS statement on edaravone2017In: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration, ISSN 2167-8421, E-ISSN 2167-9223, Vol. 18, no 7-8, p. 471-474Article in journal (Other academic)
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 3.
    Alping, P.
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Burman, Joachim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Fink, K.
    Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Gunnarsson, M.
    Orebro Univ Hosp, Orebro, Sweden..
    Lycke, J.
    Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Nilsson, P.
    Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden..
    Salzer, J.
    Umea Univ, Umea, Sweden..
    Vrethem, M.
    Linkoping Univ, Linkoping, Sweden..
    Langer-Gould, A.
    Kaiser Permanente Southern Calif, Pasadena, CA USA..
    Svenningsson, A.
    Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Frisell, T.
    Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Piehl, F.
    Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Baseline characteristics from the COMBAT-MS study: Initial analyses suggest main driver for therapy choice is geographic location2017In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, ISSN 1352-4585, E-ISSN 1477-0970, Vol. 23, p. 714-714Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 4.
    Alping, P.
    et al.
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Svenningsson, A.
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Salzer, J.
    Umea Univ, Pharmacol & Clin Neurosci, Umea, Sweden..
    Burman, Joachim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology. Uppsala Univ, Neurosci, Uppsala, Sweden..
    Dahle, C.
    Linkoping Univ, Clin & Expt Med, Linkopin, Sweden..
    Fink, K.
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Hillert, J.
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Lycke, J.
    Univ Gothenburg, Clin Neurosci & Rehabil, Gothenburg, Sweden..
    Landtblom, A-M
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Martin, C.
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Nilsson, P.
    Lund Univ, Neurol, Lund, Sweden..
    Walentin, F.
    Orebro Univ Hosp, Neurol, Orebro, Sweden..
    Olsson, T.
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Frisell, T.
    Karolinska Inst, Med Solna, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Piehl, F.
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden..
    Rituximab in multiple sclerosis; data from the swedish MS registry.2016In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, ISSN 1352-4585, E-ISSN 1477-0970, Vol. 22, no suppl. 3, p. 49-49Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 5.
    Alping, Peter
    et al.
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Piehl, Fredrik
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden;Stockholm Hlth Serv, Acad Specialist Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden;Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Neurol, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Langer-Gould, Annette
    Kaiser Permanente, Southern Calif Permanente Med Grp, Southern Clin & Translat Neurosci, Clin & Translat Neurosci, Pasadena, CA USA;Kaiser Permanente, Southern Calif Permanente Med Grp, Clin & Translat Neurosci, Pasadena, CA USA.
    Frisell, Thomas
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Solna, Clin Epidemiol Div, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Burman, Joachim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Fink, Katharina
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Gunnarsson, Martin
    Orebro Univ, Ctr Hlth & Med Psychol, Orebro, Sweden.
    Hillert, Jan
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Kockum, Ingrid
    Stockholm Hlth Serv, Acad Specialist Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Lycke, Jan
    Univ Gothenburg, Dept Clin Neurosci & Rehabil, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Nilsson, Petra
    Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci Neurol, Lund, Sweden.
    Olsson, Tomas
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Salzer, Jonatan
    Umea Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Clin Neurosci, Umea, Sweden.
    Svenningsson, Anders
    Danderyd Hosp, Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Virtanen, Suvi
    Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Neurosci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Vrethem, Magnus
    Validation of the Swedish Multiple Sclerosis Register: Further Improving a Resource for Pharmacoepidemiologic Evaluations2019In: Epidemiology, ISSN 1044-3983, E-ISSN 1531-5487, Vol. 30, no 2, p. 230-233Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish Multiple Sclerosis Register is a national register monitoring treatment and clinical course for all Swedish multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, with high coverage and close integration with the clinic. Despite its great value for epidemiologic research, it has not previously been validated. In this brief report, we summarize a large validation of >3,000 patients in the register using clinical chart review in the context of the COMBAT-MS study. While further improving the data quality for a central cohort of patients available for future epidemiologic research, this study also allowed us to estimate the accuracy and completeness of the register data.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 6.
    Andrae, Johanna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Molander, Catrin
    Smits, Anja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Funa, Keiko
    Nistér, Monica
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics and Pathology.
    Platelet-derived growth factor-B and -C and active α-receptors in medulloblastoma cells2002In: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC, ISSN 0006-291X, E-ISSN 1090-2104, Vol. 296, no 3, p. 604-611Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The malignant childhood brain tumor medulloblastoma belongs to the group of primitive neuroectodermal tumours (PNETs). Medulloblastomas are thought to arise from remnants of the transient external germinal layer in the cerebellum. Proliferation, differentiation, and motility of cells in the central nervous system are regulated by growth factors, e.g., platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Recently, it was shown that higher level of PDGF α-receptor expression is characteristic of metastatic medulloblastomas. We have investigated five medulloblastoma/PNET cell lines and found that the PDGF α-receptor is actively signalling in most of them, an activity most likely driven by endogenously produced PDGF-C. PDGF-C is normally present in cells of the developing external germinal layer and our results are consistent with the idea that medulloblastomas are derived from such cells undergoing early neuronal differentiation. Moreover, the expression of PDGF and its receptors was associated with neuronal characteristics, but not with high levels of c-myc expression in the medullablastoma cells.

  • 7.
    Appel, Lieuwe
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Nuclear Medicine and PET. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Jonasson, My
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Nuclear Medicine and PET. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Danfors, Torsten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Nuclear Medicine and PET. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Nyholm, Dag
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Askmark, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Lubberink, Mark
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Nuclear Medicine and PET. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Sörensen, Jens
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Nuclear Medicine and PET. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Use of C-11-PE2I PET in Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonian Disorders2015In: Journal of Nuclear Medicine, ISSN 0161-5505, E-ISSN 1535-5667, Vol. 56, no 2, p. 234-242Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In idiopathic Parkinson disease and atypical parkinsonian disorders, central dopaminergic and overall brain functional activity are altered to different degrees, causing difficulties in achieving an unambiguous clinical diagnosis. A dual examination using I-123-FP-CIT (I-123-N-omega-fluoropropyl- 2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane, or I-123-ioflupane) SPECT and F-18-FDG PET provides complementary information on dopamine transporter (DAT) availability and overall brain functional activity, respectively. Parametric images based on a single, dynamic C-11-PE2I (N-(3-iodoprop-2E-enyl)-2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-methyl-phenyl) nortropane) scan potentially supply both DAT availability (nondisplaceable binding potential [BPND]) and relative cerebral blood flow (relative delivery [R-1]) at voxel level. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of C-11-PE2I PET against the dual-modality approach using I-123-FP-CIT SPECT and F-18-FDG PET.

    Methods: Sixteen patients with parkinsonian disorders had a dual examination with F-18-FDG PET and I-123-FP-CIT SPECT following clinical routines and additionally an experimental C-11-PE2I PET scan. Parametric BPND and R-1 images were generated using receptor parametric mapping with the cerebellum as a reference. T1-weighted MR imaging was used for automated definition of volumes of interest (VOI). The DAT VOIs included the basal ganglia, whereas the overall brain functional activity was examined using VOIs across the brain. BPND and R-1 values were compared with normalized I-123-FP-CIT and F-18-FDG uptake values, respectively, using Pearson correlations and regression analyses. In addition, 2 masked interpreters evaluated the images visually, in both the routine and the experimental datasets, for comparison of patient diagnoses.

    Results: Parametric C-11-PE2I BPND and R-1 images showed high consistency with I-123-FP-CIT SPECT and F-18-FDG PET images. Correlations between C-11-PE2I BPND and I-123-FP-CIT uptake ratios were 0.97 and 0.76 in the putamen and caudate nucleus, respectively. Regional C-11-PE2I R-1 values were moderately to highly correlated with normalized F-18-FDG values (range, 0.61-0.94). Visual assessment of DAT availability showed a high consistency between C-11-PE2I BPND and I-123-FP-CIT images, whereas the consistency was somewhat lower for appraisal of overall brain functional activity using I-123-FP-CIT and F-18-FDG images. Substantial differences were found between clinical diagnosis and both neuro-imaging diagnoses.

    Conclusion: A single, dynamic C-11-PE2I PET investigation is a powerful alternative to a dual examination with I-123-FP-CIT SPECT and F-18-FDG PET for differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders. A large-scale patient study is, however, needed to further investigate distinct pathologic patterns in overall brain functional activity for various parkinsonian disorders.

  • 8.
    Aquilonius, Sten-Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Parkinson's disease: Swedish pioneering research on pathophysiology and treatment2012In: European Journal of Neurology, ISSN 1351-5101, E-ISSN 1468-1331, Vol. 19, no S1, p. 841-841Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 9.
    Aquilonius, Sten-Magnus
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Nyholm, Dag
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Development of new levodopa treatment strategies in Parkinson’s disease – from bedside to bench to bedside2017In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, ISSN 0300-9734, E-ISSN 2000-1967, Vol. 122, no 2, p. 71-77Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This review will illustrate the process of moving from an idea through preclinical research and Galenic developments into clinical investigations and finally to approval by regulatory agencies within the European Union. The two new treatment strategies described, levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel and levodopa/carbidopa microtablets, for advanced Parkinson's disease, have been developed in collaborative research within departments at Uppsala University. With this historical approach, reference priority is given to reports considered to be of special importance for this more than two decades long process from bedside to bench to bedside'.

  • 10. Asklund, T
    et al.
    Danfors, Torsten
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Henriksson, R
    PET response and tumor stabilization under erlotinib and bevacizumab treatment of an intracranial lesion non-invasively diagnosed as likely chordoma2011In: Clinical Neuropathology, ISSN 0722-5091, Vol. 30, no 5, p. 242-246Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION: Chordoma is a rare and a slow-growing tumor originating from the notochord and commonly localized in the skull base. Surgery and occasionally radiotherapy have emerged as the treatments of choice. In the relapsed situations available treatment options are strictly limited; however, recently molecularly targeted agents have been proposed to be of potential beneficial value.

    THE CASE: A 63-year-old male presenting with seizures and an extradural mass in the left brain hemisphere. An attempt to resect the tumor was followed by severe bradycardia when manipulating with the dura and therefore discontinued. It was considered too hazardous even to take a biopsy specimen. The tumor was considered radiologically and macroscopically as a chordoma. As the tumor progressed after radiotherapy, chemotherapy with erlotinib in combination with cetuximab was initiated. This treatment was interrupted due to progressive disease and toxicity. However, combination treatment with erlotinib and bevacizumab normalized the uptake of [11C]methionine PET signal and resulted in a slight tumor shrinkage on MRI. The patient is still (March 2011) free of symptoms, without cranial nerve deficits or seizures.

    DISCUSSION: This report shows that erlotinib and bevacizumab in combination may completely quench the transport of the essential amino acid methionine to a treatment refractory intracranial tumor bearing radiological and clinical characteristics of a chordoma. Further studies are necessary to establish this strategy as a treatment option for this indication.

  • 11.
    Askmark, Håkan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Haggård, L
    Nygren, Ingela
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Punga, Anna Rostedt
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology.
    Vitamin D deficiency in patients with myasthenia gravis and improvement of fatigue after supplementation of vitamin D3: a pilot study2012In: European Journal of Neurology, ISSN 1351-5101, E-ISSN 1468-1331, Vol. 19, no 12, p. 1554-1560Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder. Vitamin D has important roles both in the autoimmune response and in skeletal muscles. We determined the levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] in patients with MG and in healthy subjects to determine whether vitamin D deficiency is present in MG and whether vitamin D supplementation has beneficial effects on fatigue. METHODS: Plasma levels of 25(OH)D were analyzed in 33 patients with MG (22 males; mean age, 58 years) and in 50 healthy age- and sex-matched blood donors, without vitamin D3 medication. MG composite score (MGC) assessed fatigue. 13 patients with MG without previous vitamin D3 supplementation were started on vitamin D3 supplementation (cholecalciferol) 800 IU/day, with a follow-up examination after 2.5-10 months (mean, 6 months). RESULTS: Patients with MG without pre-existing vitamin D3 supplementation (N = 16) had a mean MGC of 4.5 and lower plasma 25(OH)D levels (mean, 51 ± 19 nM) than healthy controls (69 ± 21 nM) (P = 0.017). Seventeen patients had pre-existing vitamin D3 supplementation, because of corticosteroid treatment, and their mean 25(OH)D was 79 ± 22 nM and mean MGC was 5.5. In the 13 patients who received cholecalciferol, 25(OH)D was overall increased at follow-up with 22% (P = 0.033) and MGC score improved with 38% (P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Plasma 25(OH)D levels are significantly lower in patients with MG compared with healthy controls. As vitamin D has beneficial effects on the autoimmune response and on fatigue score in patients with MG, we suggest monitoring this parameter in patients with MG and supplementation with vitamin D3 when 25(OH)D levels are low.

  • 12. Asztely, F.
    et al.
    Kumlien, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    The diagnosis and treatment of limbic encephalitis2012In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6314, E-ISSN 1600-0404, Vol. 126, no 6, p. 365-375Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The term limbic encephalitis (LE) was first introduced in 1968. While this disease was initially considered rare and is often fatal with very few treatment options, several reports published in the last decade provide a better description of this condition as well as possible causes and some cases of successful treatment. The clinical manifestation of LE is primarily defined by the subacute onset of short-term memory loss, seizures, confusion and psychiatric symptoms suggesting the involvement of the limbic system. In addition, EEG often shows focal or generalized slow wave or epileptiform activity, and MRI findings reveal hyperintense signals of the medial temporal lobes in T2-weighted or FLAIR images. The current literature suggests that LE is not a single disorder but is comprised of a group of autoimmune disorders predominantly affecting the limbic system. Before the diagnosis of LE can be determined, other causes of subacute encephalopathy must be excluded, especially those resulting from infectious aetiologies. LE has previously been regarded as a paraneoplastic phenomenon associated with the classical onconeuronal antibodies that are primarily directed against intracellular antigens. However, recent literature suggests that LE is also associated with antibodies that are directed against cell surface antigens, and these cases of LE display a much weaker association to the neoplasm. The treatment options for LE largely depend on the aetiology of the disease and involve the removal of the primary neoplasm. Therefore, a search for the underlying tumour is mandatory. In addition, immunotherapy has been successful in a significant number of patients where LE is not associated with cancer.

  • 13.
    Axelson, Hans W
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology.
    Melberg, Atle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Ronquist, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Askmark, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Microdialysis and electromyography of experimental muscle fatigue in healthy volunteers and patients with mitochondrial myopathy2002In: Muscle and Nerve, ISSN 0148-639X, E-ISSN 1097-4598, Vol. 26, no 4, p. 520-526Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Consecutive 60-min microdialysis samples were taken from the tibial anterior muscle in 11 healthy subjects and 4 patients with mitochondrial myopathy before (2-3 samples) and after (3-4 samples, 2 controls and 1 patient excluded) sustained isometric foot dorsiflexions. Before exercise, mean concentrations of lactate, pyruvate, hypoxanthine, urate, aspartate, and glutamate did not significantly differ between controls and patients. After exercise, the controls showed significantly increased concentrations of lactate, pyruvate, and urate, decreased hypoxanthine, and no change in aspartate and glutamate. Similar findings were observed in the patients. Plasma lactate was unchanged. Exercise-induced increase in integrated electromyogram amplitude and rated subjective fatigue were correlated to increased post-exercise lactate concentrations, with no obvious difference between the groups. Microdialysis of skeletal muscle allows the detection and monitoring of biochemical changes in the interstitial space. With the exercise protocol used, however, it was not possible to demonstrate any biochemical difference between healthy controls and patients with mitochondrial myopathy.

  • 14.
    Axelson, Hans W.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology.
    Öberg, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Askmark, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    No benefit of treatment with cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in multifocal motor neuropathy2008In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6314, E-ISSN 1600-0404, Vol. 117, no 6, p. 432-434Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction - Patients with multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) usually respond to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), but because of the short-lasting effect the treatment must be given repeatedly. Remission after treatment with high-dose cyclophosphamide has recently been reported in one patient refractory to IVIG. Case report - Here we report on a patient who responded to IVIG, but temporarily deteriorated dramatically after treatment with high-dose cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell transplantation. Today the situation is the same as before the treatment with cyclophosphamide and blood stem cell transplantation, i.e. IVIG is given every 4 weeks. Conclusion - Our patient did not benefit from the treatment with high-dose cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell transplantation. The effect of treatment with high-dose cyclophosphamide in MMN seems to be difficult to predict and that should be paid attention to if this type of treatment is considered.

  • 15.
    Axelson, Hans W.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology.
    Öberg, Gunnar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine.
    Askmark, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Successful repeated treatment with high dose cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in CIDP2008In: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, ISSN 0022-3050, E-ISSN 1468-330X, Vol. 79, no 5, p. 612-612Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 16.
    Axelson, Hans W
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Clinical Neurophysiology.
    Öberg, Gunnar
    Askmark, Håkan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Successful repeated treatment with high dose cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in CIDP2009In: BMJ Case Reports, E-ISSN 1757-790XArticle in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is characterised by the occurrence of symmetrical weakness and sensory impairment in arms and legs. The course is relapsing or chronic and progressing. CIDP is considered to be an autoimmune disease, which is supported by the beneficial response to immunomodulating therapies in most patients. We report on a patient with CIDP who has been in remission for more than 3 years after treatment with high dose cyclophosphamide and autologous blood stem cell transplantation in CIDP on two occasions.

  • 17.
    Babateen, Omar
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology.
    Jin, Zhe
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology.
    Bhandage, Amol K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology.
    Korol, Sergiy V
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology.
    Westermark, Bengt
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer and Vascular Biology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Forsberg Nilsson, Karin
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer and Vascular Biology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Uhrbom, Lene
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Cancer and Vascular Biology.
    Smits, Anja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Birnir, Bryndis
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Etomidate, propofol and diazepam potentiate GABA-evoked GABAA currents in a cell line derived from Human glioblastoma2015In: European Journal of Pharmacology, ISSN 0014-2999, E-ISSN 1879-0712, Vol. 748, p. 101-107Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    GABAA receptors are pentameric chloride ion channels that are opened by GABA. We have screened a cell line derived from human glioblastoma, U3047MG, for expression of GABAA receptor subunit isoforms and formation of functional ion channels. We identified GABAA receptors subunit α2, α3, α5, β1, β2, β3, δ, γ3, π, and θ mRNAs in the U3047MG cell line. Whole-cell GABA-activated currents were recorded and the half-maximal concentration (EC50) for the GABA-activated current was 36μM. The currents were activated by THIP (4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-c]pyridin-3-ol) and enhanced by the benzodiazepine diazepam (1μM) and the general anesthetics etomidate and propofol (50μM). In line with the expressed GABAA receptors containing at least the α3β3θ subunits, the receptors were highly sensitive to etomidate (EC50=55nM). Immunocytochemistry identified expression of the α3 and β3 subunit proteins. Our results show that the GABAA receptors in the glial cell line are functional and are modulated by classical GABAA receptor drugs. We propose that the U3047MG cell line may be used as a model system to study GABAA receptors function and pharmacology in glial cells.

  • 18.
    Babateen, Omar M.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology.
    Jin, Zhe
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology.
    Bhandage, Amol K.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology.
    Korol, Sergiy V.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology.
    Westermark, Bengt
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Neuro-Oncology.
    Nilsson, Karin Forsberg
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Neuro-Oncology.
    Uhrbom, Lene
    Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Neuro-Oncology.
    Smits, Anja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Birnir, Bryndis
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    GABA-A receptor currents in a cell line (U3047MG) derived from a human glioblastoma tumor are enhanced by etomidate, propofol and diazepam2014In: Acta Physiologica, ISSN 1748-1708, E-ISSN 1748-1716, Vol. 211, no S696, p. 100-100, article id P74Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 19.
    Bajic, Dragan
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Kumlien, Eva
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Raininko, Raili
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Incomplete hippocampal inversion in patients with focal epilepsy without known etiology and focal MRI abnormalities.2016In: Neuroradiology Vol 58: Suppl.1, Springer, 2016, Vol. 58, p. S21-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Incomplete hippocampal inversion in patients with focal epilepsy without known etiology and focal MRI abnormalities

    PURPOSE: Incomplete hippocampal inversion (IHI) is more common in patients with epilepsy than in subjects without epilepsy but is probably not an etiological factor. IHI frequency varies in different types of epilepsy. Our purpose was to evaluate the hippocampi of patients having focal epilepsy with unknown etiology and without focal abnormalities on MRI (EPue).

    METHODS: MRIs of 58 patients with EPue and 147 neurologically healthy controls were evaluated. Hippocampal volumetry could be performed in 54 of the patients. 47 controls, preferably those having IHI, were chosen for volumetry. The findings were compared with seizure semiology and EEG findings.

    RESULTS: 30/58 patients (52%) had IHI (18 left, 12 bilateral). 28/147 controls (19%) had IHI (20 left, 8 bilateral) (p<0.001). In subjects studied with volumetry, 27/54 patients (50%) and 23/47 selected controls (49%) had IHI. In patients, IHI was found on the left in 15 and bilaterally in 12. In controls, the numbers were 16 and 5, respectively. The left hippocampus was smaller in 48 patients and in 46 controls.  Asymmetry index (AI) was >0.10 in 16 patients (30%) and in 3 controls (6.5%) (p<0.01).  Among 10 patients having IHI and AI >0.10, six had temporal lobe semiology. One of them had bilateral IHI, 5 had IHI on the left. EEG foci were ipsilateral to IHI in 3, contralateral in 2.

    CONCLUSIONS: IHI was significantly more common in EPue patients than in controls. Hippocampal volume asymmetry was more prominent in the patients. Temporal semiology and EEG focus were not obviously related to IHI.

  • 20. Berg, Alexander
    et al.
    Zelano, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Pekna, Marcela
    Wilhelmsson, Ulrika
    Pekny, Milos
    Cullheim, Staffan
    Axonal Regeneration after Sciatic Nerve Lesion Is Delayed but Complete in GFAP- and Vimentin-Deficient Mice2013In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 8, no 11, p. e79395-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Peripheral axotomy of motoneurons triggers Wallerian degeneration of injured axons distal to the lesion, followed by axon regeneration. Centrally, axotomy induces loss of synapses (synaptic stripping) from the surface of lesioned motoneurons in the spinal cord. At the lesion site, reactive Schwann cells provide trophic support and guidance for outgrowing axons. The mechanisms of synaptic stripping remain elusive, but reactive astrocytes and microglia appear to be important in this process. We studied axonal regeneration and synaptic stripping of motoneurons after a sciatic nerve lesion in mice lacking the intermediate filament (nanofilament) proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and vimentin, which are upregulated in reactive astrocytes and Schwann cells. Seven days after sciatic nerve transection, ultrastructural analysis of synaptic density on the somata of injured motoneurons revealed more remaining boutons covering injured somata in GFAP(-/-)Vim(-/-) mice. After sciatic nerve crush in GFAP(-/-)Vim(-/-) mice, the fraction of reinnervated motor endplates on muscle fibers of the gastrocnemius muscle was reduced 13 days after the injury, and axonal regeneration and functional recovery were delayed but complete. Thus, the absence of GFAP and vimentin in glial cells does not seem to affect the outcome after peripheral motoneuron injury but may have an important effect on the response dynamics.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 21. Berge, Eivind
    et al.
    Cohen, Geoffrey
    Roaldsen, Melinda B
    Lundström, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Isaksson, Eva
    Rudberg, Ann-Sofie
    Slot, Karsten Bruins
    Forbes, John
    Smith, Joel
    Drever, Jonathan
    Wardlaw, Joanna M
    Lindley, Richard I
    Sandercock, Peter A G
    Whiteley, William N
    Effects of alteplase on survival after ischaemic stroke (IST-3): 3 year follow-up of a randomised, controlled, open-label trial2016In: Lancet Neurology, ISSN 1474-4422, E-ISSN 1474-4465, Vol. 15, no 10, p. 1028-34, article id S1474-4422(16)30139-9Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The effect of alteplase on patient survival after ischaemic stroke is the subject of debate. We report the effect of intravenous alteplase on long-term survival after ischaemic stroke of participants in the Third International Stroke Trial (IST-3).

    METHODS: In IST-3, done at 156 hospitals in 12 countries (Australia, Europe, and the UK), participants (aged >18 years) were randomly assigned with a telephone voice-activated or web-based system in a 1:1 ratio to treatment with intravenous 0·9 mg/kg alteplase plus standard care or standard care alone within 6 h of ischaemic stroke. We followed up participants in the UK and Scandinavia (Sweden and Norway) for survival up to 3 years after randomisation using data from national registries and compared survival in the two groups with proportional hazards survival analysis, adjusting for key prognostic variables. IST-3 is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN25765518.

    FINDINGS: Between May 5, 2000, and July 27, 2011, 3035 participants were enrolled in IST-3. Of these, 1948 (64%) of 3035 participants were scheduled for analysis of 3 year survival, and 1946 (>99%) of these were included in the analysis (967 [50%] in the alteplase plus standard care group and 979 [50%] in the standard care alone group). By 3 years after randomisation, 453 (47%) of 967 participants in the alteplase plus standard care group and 494 (50%) of 979 in the standard care alone group had died (risk difference 3·6% [95% CI -0·8 to 8·1]). Participants allocated to alteplase had a significantly higher hazard of death during the first 7 days (99 [10%] of 967 died in the alteplase plus standard care group vs 65 [7%] of 979 in the standard care alone group; hazard ratio 1·52 [95% CI 1·11-2·08]; p=0·004) and a significantly lower hazard of death between 8 days and 3 years (354 [41%] of 868 vs 429 [47%] of 914; 0·78 [0·68-0·90]; p=0·007).

    INTERPRETATION: Alteplase treatment within 6 h after ischaemic stroke was associated with a small, non-significant reduction in risk of death at 3 years, but among individuals who survived the acute phase, treatment was associated with a significant increase in long-term survival. These results are reassuring for clinicians who have expressed concerns about the effect of alteplase on survival.

    FUNDING: Heart and Stroke Scotland, UK Medical Research Council, Health Foundation UK, Stroke Association UK, Research Council of Norway, AFA Insurance, Swedish Heart Lung Fund, Foundation of Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg, Polish Ministry of Science and Education, Australian Heart Foundation, Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, Swiss National Research Foundation, Swiss Heart Foundation, Assessorato alla Sanita (Regione dell'Umbria), and Danube University.

  • 22.
    Bergman, Joakim
    et al.
    Umea Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Clin Neurosci, Umea, Sweden.
    Burman, Joachim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Gilthorpe, Jonathan D.
    Umea Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Clin Neurosci, Umea, Sweden.
    Zetterberg, Henrik
    Gothenburg Univ, Inst Neurosci & Physiol, Dept Psychiat & Neurochem, Sahlgrenska Acad, Gothenburg, Sweden;Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Clin Neurochem Lab, Molndal, Sweden;UCL Inst Neurol, Dept Mol Neurosci, Queen Sq, London, England;UCL, UK Dementia Res Inst, London, England.
    Jiltsova, Elena
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Neurosci, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Bergenheim, Tommy
    Umea Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Clin Neurosci, Umea, Sweden.
    Svenningsson, Anders
    Umea Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Clin Neurosci, Umea, Sweden;Karolinska Inst, Dept Clin Sci, Danderyd Hosp, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Intrathecal treatment trial of rituximab in progressive MS An open-label phase 1b study2018In: Neurology, ISSN 0028-3878, E-ISSN 1526-632X, Vol. 91, no 20, p. E1893-E1901Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives To perform a phase 1b assessment of the safety and feasibility of intrathecally delivered rituximab as a treatment for progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) and to evaluate the effect of treatment on disability and CSF biomarkers during a1-year follow-up period. Methods Three doses of rituximab (25 mg with a 1-week interval) were administered in 23 patients with PMS via a ventricular catheter inserted into the right frontal horn and connected to a subcutaneous Ommaya reservoir. Follow-ups were performed at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Results Mild to moderate vertigo and nausea were common but temporary adverse events associated with intrathecal rituximab infusion, which was otherwise well tolerated. The only severe adverse event was a case of low-virulent bacterial meningitis that was treated effectively. Of 7 clinical assessments, only 1 showed statistically significant improvement 1 year after treatment. No treatment effect was observed during the follow-up period among 6 CSF biomarkers. Conclusions Intrathecal administration of rituximab was well tolerated. However, it may involve a risk for injection-related infections. The lack of a control group precludes conclusions being drawn regarding treatment efficacy. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01719159. Classification of evidence This study provides Class IV evidence that intrathecal rituximab treatment is well tolerated and feasible in PMS but involves a risk of severe infections.

  • 23.
    Berntsson, Shala G.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Kristoffersson, A
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology. Neurology Policlinic, Department of Medical Specialist, Motala General Hospital, Motala, Sweden.
    Boström, I
    Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurology, Medical Faculty, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden.
    Feresiadou, Amalia
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Burman, Joachim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Landtblom, Anne-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology. Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Neurology, Medical Faculty, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden; Neurology Policlinic, Department of Medical Specialist, Motala General Hospital, Motala, Sweden.
    Rapidly increasing off-label use of rituximab in multiple sclerosis in Sweden: Outlier or predecessor?2018In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6314, E-ISSN 1600-0404, Vol. 138, no 4, p. 327-331Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: Off-label use of rituximab to treat MS patients in Sweden is high, and the need for long-term safety data may not be met. Our objectives were to assess the rate of rituximab prescription in patients with multiple sclerosis in Sweden and, in addition, to evaluate the safety of rituximab in a single centre for patients with multiple sclerosis.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: Review of the Swedish MS register was performed to study the number of MS patients treated with rituximab during the last 6 years. Investigation also included a retrospective review of medical files in search for possible side effects/adverse events in all adult patients with MS treated with rituximab at Uppsala University Hospital.

    RESULTS: Presently, in Sweden the rate of rituximab prescriptions in relation to other annually started of disease- modifying drugs in MS is 53.5%.

    CONCLUSIONS: The share of MS patients in Sweden who are treated with rituximab is very high, and also rapidly increasing. Taken into account the off-label use, cases with adverse medical conditions that could possibly be related to rituximab use should be reported thoroughly.

  • 24.
    Berntsson, Shala G.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Landtblom, Anne-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology. Univ Linkoping, Med Fac, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Neurol, Linkoping, Sweden.
    Flensner, Gullvi
    Univ West, Dept Hlth Sci, Trollhattan, Sweden.
    Cerebellar ataxia and intrathecal baclofen therapy: Focus on patients' experiences2017In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 12, no 6, article id e0180054Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Elucidating patients' experiences of living with chronic progressive hereditary ataxia and the symptomatic treatment with intrathecal baclofen (ITB) is the objective of the current study. A multicenter qualitative study with four patients included due to the rare combination of hereditary ataxia and ITB therapy was designed to elucidate participants' experiences through semi-structured interviews. The transcribed text was analyzed according to content analysis guidelines. Overall we identified living in the present/ taking one day at a time as the main theme covering the following categories: 1) Uncertainty about the future as a consequence of living with a hereditary disease; The disease; 2) Impact on life as a whole, 3) Influence on personal life in terms of feeling forced to terminate employment, 4) Limiting daily activities, and 5) ITB therapy, advantages, and disadvantages. Uncertainty about the future was the category that affected participants' personal life, employment, and daily activities. The participants' experience of receiving ITB therapy was expressed in terms of improved quality of life due to better body position and movement as well as better sleep and pain relief.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 25.
    Berntsson, Shala G.
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Merrell, Ryan T
    Amirian, E Susan
    Armstrong, Georgina N
    Lachance, Daniel
    Smits, Anja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Zhou, Renke
    Jacobs, Daniel I
    Wrensch, Margaret R
    Olson, Sara H
    Il'yasova, Dora
    Claus, Elizabeth B
    Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S
    Schildkraut, Joellen
    Sadetzki, Siegal
    Johansen, Christoffer
    Houlston, Richard S
    Jenkins, Robert B
    Bernstein, Jonine L
    Lai, Rose
    Shete, Sanjay
    Amos, Christopher I
    Bondy, Melissa L
    Melin, Beatrice S
    Glioma-related seizures in relation to histopathological subtypes: a report from the glioma international case-control study2018In: Journal of Neurology, ISSN 0340-5354, E-ISSN 1432-1459, Vol. 265, no 6, p. 1432-1442Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of glioma-related seizures and seizure control at the time of tumor diagnosis with respect to tumor histologic subtypes, tumor treatment and patient characteristics, and to compare seizure history preceding tumor diagnosis (or study enrollment) between glioma patients and healthy controls.

    METHODS: The Glioma International Case Control study (GICC) risk factor questionnaire collected information on demographics, past medical/medication history, and occupational history. Cases from eight centers were also asked detailed questions on seizures in relation to glioma diagnosis; cases (n = 4533) and controls (n = 4171) were also asked about seizures less than 2 years from diagnosis and previous seizure history more than 2 years prior to tumor diagnosis, including childhood seizures.

    RESULTS: Low-grade gliomas (LGGs), particularly oligodendrogliomas/oligoastrocytomas, had the highest proportion of glioma-related seizures. Patients with low-grade astrocytoma demonstrated the most medically refractory seizures. A total of 83% of patients were using only one antiepileptic drug (AED), which was levetiracetam in 71% of cases. Gross total resection was strongly associated with reduced seizure frequency (p < 0.009). No significant difference was found between glioma cases and controls in terms of seizure occurring more than 2 years before diagnosis or during childhood.

    CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that glioma-related seizures were most common in low-grade gliomas. Gross total resection was associated with lower seizure frequency. Additionally, having a history of childhood seizures is not a risk factor ***for developing glioma-related seizures or glioma.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 26.
    Berntsson, Shala Ghaderi
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Falk, Anna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Savitcheva, Irina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Nuclear Medicine and PET.
    Godau, Andrea
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Zetterling, Maria
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery.
    Hesselager, Göran
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery.
    Alafuzoff, Irina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Molecular and Morphological Pathology.
    Larsson, Elna-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Smits, Anja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Perfusion and diffusion MRI combined with (11)C-methionine PET in the preoperative evaluation of suspected adult low-grade gliomas2013In: Journal of Neuro-Oncology, ISSN 0167-594X, E-ISSN 1573-7373, Vol. 114, no 2, p. 241-249Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Perfusion and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (pMRI, dMRI) are valuable diagnostic tools for assessing brain tumors in the clinical setting. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of pMRI and dMRI with (11)C-methionine positron emission tomography (MET PET) in suspected low-grade gliomas (LGG) prior to surgery. Twenty-four adults with suspected LGG were enrolled in an observational study and examined by MET PET, pMRI and dMRI. Histological tumor diagnosis was confirmed in 23/24 patients (18 gliomas grade II, 5 gliomas grade III). The maximum relative cerebral blood volume (rCBVmax) and the minimum mean diffusivity (MDmin) were measured in tumor areas with highest MET uptake (hotspot) on PET by using automated co-registration of MRI and PET scans. A clearly defined hotspot on PET was present in all 23 tumors. Regions with rCBVmax corresponded with hotspot regions in all tumors, regions with MDmin corresponded with hotspot regions in 20/23 tumors. The correlation between rCBVmax (r = 0.19, P = 0.38) and MDmin (r = -0.41, P = 0.053) with MET uptake in the hotspot was not statistically significant. Taken into account the difficulties of measuring perfusion abnormalities in non-enhancing gliomas, this study demonstrates that co-registered MET PET and pMRI facilitates the identification of regions with rCBVmax. Furthermore, the lack of a clear positive correlation between tumor metabolism in terms of MET uptake and tumor vascularity measured as rCBVmax suggests that combined pMRI/PET provides complementary baseline imaging data in these tumors.

  • 27.
    Berntsson, Shala Ghaderi
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Holtz, Anders
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery.
    Melberg, Atle
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Does intrathecal baclofen have a place in the treatment of painful spasms in friedreich ataxia2013In: Case Reports in Neurology, E-ISSN 1662-680X, Vol. 5, no 3, p. 201-203Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present the case of a 50-year-old female patient with Friedreich ataxia (FA) who was treated successfully with an intrathecal baclofen (ITB)-delivering pump for painful spasms. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case of FA where ITB relieved painful and disabling spasms. We suggest that ITB should be considered in the treatment of disabling spasms in patients with FA.

  • 28.
    Berntsson, Shala Ghaderi
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Katsarogiannis, Evangelos
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Lourenco, Filipa
    Ctr Hosp Lisboa Cent, Hosp Curry Cabral, Serv Med 7 2, Unidade Doencas Autoimunes, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Moraes-Fontes, Maria Francisca
    Ctr Hosp Lisboa Cent, Hosp Curry Cabral, Serv Med 7 2, Unidade Doencas Autoimunes, Lisbon, Portugal..
    Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Focus on Etiology2016In: Case Reports in Neurology, E-ISSN 1662-680X, Vol. 8, no 1, p. 59-65Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by reactivation of the JC virus (JCV), a human polyomavirus, occurs in autoimmune disorders, most frequently in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We describe a HIV-negative 34-year-old female with SLE who had been treated with immunosuppressant therapy (IST; steroids and azathioprine) since 2004. In 2011, she developed decreased sensation and weakness of the right hand, followed by vertigo and gait instability. The diagnosis of PML was made on the basis of brain MRI findings (posterior fossa lesions) and JCV isolation from the cerebrospinal fluid (700 copies/ml). IST was immediately discontinued. Cidofovir, mirtazapine, mefloquine and cycles of cytarabine were sequentially added, but there was progressive deterioration with a fatal outcome 1 year after disease onset. This report discusses current therapeutic choices for PML and the importance of early infection screening when SLE patients present with neurological symptoms. In the light of recent reports of PML in SLE patients treated with rituximab or belimumab, we highlight that other IST may just as well be implicated. We conclude that severe lymphopenia was most likely responsible for JCV reactivation in this patient and discuss how effective management of lymphopenia in SLE and PML therapy remains an unmet need.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 29.
    Berntsson, Shala Ghaderi
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Wibom, Carl
    Sjöström, Sara
    Henriksson, Roger
    Brännström, Thomas
    Broholm, Helle
    Johansson, Christoffer
    Fleming, Sarah J
    McKinney, Patricia A
    Bethke, Lara
    Houlston, Richard
    Smits, Anja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Andersson, Ulrika
    Melin, Beatrice S
    Analysis of DNA repair gene polymorphisms and survival in low-grade and anaplastic gliomas2011In: Journal of Neuro-Oncology, ISSN 0167-594X, E-ISSN 1573-7373, Vol. 105, no 3, p. 531-538Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to explore the variation in DNA repair genes in adults with WHO grade II and III gliomas and their relationship to patient survival. We analysed a total of 1,458 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were selected to cover DNA repair genes, in 81 grade II and grade III gliomas samples, collected in Sweden and Denmark. The statistically significant genetic variants from the first dataset (P < 0.05) were taken forward for confirmation in a second dataset of 72 grade II and III gliomas from northern UK. In this dataset, eight gene variants mapping to five different DNA repair genes (ATM, NEIL1, NEIL2, ERCC6 and RPA4) which were associated with survival. Finally, these eight genetic variants were adjusted for treatment, malignancy grade, patient age and gender, leaving one variant, rs4253079, mapped to ERCC6, with a significant association to survival (OR 0.184, 95% CI 0.054-0.63, P = 0.007). We suggest a possible novel association between rs4253079 and survival in this group of patients with low-grade and anaplastic gliomas that needs confirmation in larger datasets.

  • 30.
    Berntsson, Shala
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Malmer, Beatrice
    Bondy, Melissa
    Qu, Mingqi
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Smits, Anja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Tumor-associated epilepsy and glioma: are there common genetic pathways?2009In: Acta Oncologica, ISSN 0284-186X, E-ISSN 1651-226X, Vol. 48, no 7, p. 955-963Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background. Patients with glioma exhibit a great variability in clinical symptoms apart from variations in response to therapy and survival. Many patients present with epileptic seizures at disease onset, especially in case of low-grade gliomas, but not all have seizures. A large proportion of patients develop refractory seizures. It is likely that the variability in epileptic symptoms cannot exclusively be explained by tumor-related factors, but rather reflects complex interaction between tumor-related, environmental and hereditary factors. Material and methods. No data exist on susceptibility genes associated with epileptic symptoms in patients with glioma. However, an increasing number of candidate genes have been proposed for other focal epilepsies such as temporal lobe epilepsy. Some of the susceptibility candidate genes associated with focal epilepsy may contribute to epileptic symptoms also in patients with glioma. Results. This review presents an update on studies on genetic polymorphisms and focal epilepsy and brings forward putative candidate genes for tumor-associated epilepsy, based on the assumption that common etiological pathways may exist for glioma development and glioma-associated seizures. Conclusion. Genes involved in the immune response, in synaptic transmission and in cell cycle control are discussed that may play a role in the pathogenesis of tumor growth as well as epileptic symptoms in patients with gliomas.

  • 31.
    Berntsson, Shala
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Savitcheva, I.
    Larsson, E.
    Smits, Anja
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    11c-methionine PET combined with advanced MRI for the preoperative evaluation of suspected diffuse low-grade gliomas2012In: Neuro-Oncology, ISSN 1522-8517, E-ISSN 1523-5866, Vol. 14, no suppl 3, p. iii11-iii12Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: To evaluate positron emission tomography (PET) with the tracer 11C-methionine (MET) combined with perfusion- and diffusion MRI (pMRI and dMRI) for the preoperative evaluation of patients with suspected diffuse low-grade gliomas (DLGG).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study with institutional review board approval, 25 patients with suspected DLGG in cortical structures (n=24) were examined with 11C-methionine PET (MET PET), pMRI and dMRI. The hot spot (HS) in the tumor, i.e. the area with highest MET uptake, was used as a reference region for evaluating maximum relative cerebral blood volume (rCBVmax) and minimum apparent diffusion coefficient values (ADCmin) by MRI. The concordance between MET PET, pMRI and dMRI, as single parameters and combined, was assessed with respect to histological tumor diagnosis, which was available for 18 patients.

    RESULTS: In all but one patient tumor diagnosis was confirmed. The region showing highest rCBVmax corresponded with the HS region identified by MET PET in all cases, and a positive correlation between MET uptake and rCBVmax was found (Spearman: r=0.67, P < 0.0001). The concordance between MET uptake and rCBVmax in predicting malignancy grade of gliomas was 67%. MET uptake in the HS was inversely correlated with ADCmin values measured in this region (Spearman: r=-0.54, p < 0.005).

    CONCLUSION: MET PET combined with advanced MRI facilitates the identification of specific regions of interest for histological tumor diagnosis and thereby provides a powerful tool in the preoperative evaluation of DLGG.

  • 32. Bjørnevik, Kjetil
    et al.
    Riise, Trond
    Bostrom, Inger
    Casetta, Llaria
    Cortese, Marianna
    Granieri, Enrico
    Holmøy, Trygve
    Kampman, Margitta T
    Landtblom, Anne-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology. Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Linköping.
    Magalhaes, Sandra
    Pugliatti, Maura
    Wolfson, Christina
    Myhr, Kjell-Morten
    Negative interaction between smoking and EBV in the risk of multiple sclerosis: The EnvIMS study2017In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, ISSN 1352-4585, E-ISSN 1477-0970, Vol. 23, no 7, p. 1018-1024Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Results from previous studies on a possible interaction between smoking and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) are conflicting.

    OBJECTIVES: To examine the interaction between smoking and infectious mononucleosis (IM) in the risk of MS.

    METHODS: Within the case-control study on Environmental Factors In Multiple Sclerosis (EnvIMS), 1904 MS patients and 3694 population-based frequency-matched healthy controls from Norway, Italy, and Sweden reported on prior exposure to smoking and history of IM. We examined the interaction between the two exposures on the additive and multiplicative scale.

    RESULTS: Smoking and IM were each found to be associated with an increased MS risk in all three countries, and there was a negative multiplicative interaction between the two exposures in each country separately as well as in the pooled analysis (p = 0.001). Among those who reported IM, there was no increased risk associated with smoking (odds ratio (OR): 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66-1.37). The direction of the estimated interactions on the additive scale was consistent with a negative interaction in all three countries (relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI): -0.98, 95% CI: -2.05-0.15, p = 0.09).

    CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate competing antagonism, where the two exposures compete to affect the outcome.

  • 33.
    Blomberg, Hans
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Lundström, Erik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Toss, Henrik
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences.
    Gedeborg, Rolf
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Johansson, Jakob
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Agreement between ambulance nurses and physicians in assessing stroke patients2013In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6314, E-ISSN 1600-0404, Vol. 129, no 1, p. 49-55Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: If an ambulance nurse could bypass the emergency department (ED) and bring suspected stroke patients directly to a CT scanner, time to thrombolysis could be shortened. This study evaluates the level of agreement between ambulance nurses and emergency physicians in assessing the need for a CT scan, and interventions and monitoring beforehand, in patients with suspected stroke and/or a lowered level of consciousness.

    Materials and Methods: From October 2008 to June 2009 we compared the ambulance nurses’ and ED physicians’ judgement of 200 patients with stroke symptoms . Both groups answered identical questions on patients’ need for a CT scan, and interventions and monitoring beforehand.  

    Results: There was a poor agreement between ambulance nurses and ED physicians in judging the need for a CT scan: κ = 0.22 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06–0.37). The nurses’ ability to select the same patients as the physician for a CT scan had a sensitivity of 84% (95% CI: 77–89) and a specificity of 37% (95% CI: 23–53). Agreement concerning the need for interventions and monitoring was also low: κ = 0.32 (95% CI: 0.18–0.47). In 18% of cases, the nurses considered interventions before a CT scan unnecessary when the physicians’ deemed them necessary.

    Conclusions: Additional tools to support ambulance nurses decisions appear to be required before suspected stroke patients can be taken directly to a CT scanner.

     

     

  • 34.
    Blomqvist, Per
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Från misstänkt stroke till möjlig trombolys -en pilotstudie av den akuta delen av vårdkedjan2008Student paper other, 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 35. Bolin, K
    et al.
    Berggren, F
    Berling, P
    Morberg, S
    Gauffin, H
    Landtblom, Anne-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Patterns of antiepileptic drug prescription in Sweden: A register-based approach2017In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6314, E-ISSN 1600-0404, Vol. 136, no 5, p. 521-527Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: To determine drug utilization pathways from the incident healthcare visit due to epilepsy and three years onward.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: Anti-epileptic drug utilization was calculated using individual information on inpatient- and outpatient care utilization and drug sales. Throughout, we used national register information pertaining to pharmaceutical sales linked to diagnosis-related healthcare utilization. Information on pharmaceutical sales was collected for the 2007-2013 period.

    RESULTS: For the entire studied period, a majority of new patients with epilepsy were initiated on anti-epileptic drug treatment with a monotherapy (98%); most of these patients remained on that first treatment (64%). The three most frequently prescribed drugs accounted for 72% of the initiated AED treatments. Patients with epilepsy (ICD-10: G40/41) were most commonly prescribed carbamazepine, lamotrigine and valproate. The most common second-line monotherapy was levetiracetam. About 12% of new patients with epilepsy who were initiated on AED treatment during the period eventually switched to an add-on therapy. The proportion of patients who were initiated on treatment with carbamazepine or valproate decreased, and the proportion of patients who remained on their initial monotherapy increased between 2007 and 2013.

    CONCLUSIONS: A limited number of anti-epileptic drugs accounted for the treatment of a majority of new patients with epilepsy (carbamazepine, lamotrigine and valproate accounted for more than 70%). Add-on therapies showed the same pattern, as the most frequently prescribed add-on regimens were the same ones that accounted for most of the monotherapies. There was a tendency towards fewer patients being initiated on AED treatment with either carbamazepine or valproate.

  • 36.
    Bosdotter Enroth, Sofia
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology.
    Rystedt, Alma
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Covaciu, Lucian
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.
    Hymnelius, Kristina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Rystedt, Einar
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology.
    Nyberg, Rebecka
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Naver, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Swartling, Carl
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology.
    Bilateral forearm intravenous regional anesthesia with prilocaine for botulinum toxin treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis2010In: The Journal of American Academy of Dermatology, ISSN 0190-9622, E-ISSN 1097-6787, Vol. 63, no 3, p. 466-474Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis with botulinum toxin (BTX) requires effective anesthesia, but previous methods have not provided enough pain relief or have resulted in a prolonged impaired hand function. OBJECTIVE: This is a study of bilateral forearm intravenous regional anesthesia using prilocaine for BTX treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis. METHODS: In all, 166 patients (100 female and 66 male) were treated bilaterally with intracutaneous BTX type A injections using intravenous regional anesthesia with prilocaine (5 mg/mL). In a subgroup of patients, forearm nerves were studied with neurophysiologic methods and blood concentrations of prilocaine were measured. Pain evaluation with a visual analog scale was accompanied with a questionnaire about the treatment. RESULTS: In all, 95% of the patients answering the questionnaire (response rate 89%) were satisfied with the anesthetic effect. No serious adverse events occurred. There was a fast recovery of motor function (in median 6 minutes) and sensory function (in median 20 minutes). No subclinical signs of sensory nerve damage were found. LIMITATIONS: Recall and reporting bias are potential sources of limitations in this study. CONCLUSION: Bilateral forearm intravenous regional anesthesia provides an effective and well-tolerated anesthesia during BTX treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis.

  • 37.
    Bostrom, I.
    et al.
    Linkoping Univ, Linkoping, Sweden..
    Burman, Joachim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology.
    Landtblom, A-M
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Adverse events of rituximab in a Swedish MS population sample.2016In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, ISSN 1352-4585, E-ISSN 1477-0970, Vol. 22, p. 871-871Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 38.
    Boström, I.
    et al.
    Univ Linkoping, Dept Clin & Expt, Div Neurol, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Bjornevik, K.
    Univ Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Riise, T.
    Univ Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Myhre, K. -M
    Wolfson, C.
    McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
    Pugliatti, M.
    Univ Ferarra, Ferarra, Italy.
    Landtblom, Anne-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Increased risk of MS after organic solvent exposure2018In: Multiple Sclerosis Journal, ISSN 1352-4585, E-ISSN 1477-0970, Vol. 24, p. 139-140Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 39. Boström, I
    et al.
    Landtblom, A-M
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Does the changing sex ratio of multiple sclerosis give opportunities for intervention?2015In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Supplementum, ISSN 0065-1427, E-ISSN 1600-5449, ISSN 1600-5449, Vol. 132, no 199, p. 42-5Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In several international studies, an increasing women-to-men (w/m) ratio in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been reported. Such sex ratios have been analysed by year of onset or by year of birth. In a Swedish study, data from the Swedish MS register (SMSreg) were used to analyse the w/m ratio in Sweden. The sex ratio was analysed both by year of birth (8834 patients) and by year of onset (9098 patients). No increased w/m ratio was seen in this study. The age-specific sex ratio did not demonstrate any significant changes. However, a new investigation of the sex ratio in Sweden, based on data from all available data sources (19,510 patients), showed a significantly increased w/m ratio of MS in Sweden from 1.70 to 2.67. Environmental factors such as cigarette smoking, hormonal factors and nutrition are of interest in this context, but the cause of the increasing w/m ratio in MS is yet not possible to explain.

  • 40.
    Bostöm, I.
    et al.
    Linköping Univ, Neurol, Linköping, Sweden.
    Ghaderi Berntsson, Shala
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Zheliba, N.
    Vrinnevi Hosp, Paediat, Norrköping, Sweden.
    Gauffin, H.
    Linköping Univ, Neurol & Clin Expt Med, Linköping, Sweden.
    Kristoffersson, A.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Niemelä, Valter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Landtblom, Anne-Marie
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Narcolepsy as a side effect of swine flu vaccination2017In: Journal of the Neurological Sciences, ISSN 0022-510X, E-ISSN 1878-5883, Vol. 381, no Supplement, p. 189-189Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 41.
    Bredenberg, Susanne
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    Nyholm, Dag
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Aquilonius, Sten-Magnus
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Nyström, Christer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy.
    An automatic dose dispenser for microtablets: A new concept for individual dosage of drugs in tablet form2003In: International Journal of Pharmaceutics, ISSN 0378-5173, Vol. 261, no 1-2, p. 137-146Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A new concept for individualising the dosage of drugs in solid form is presented. The principle is based on the use of standardised units (microtablets), each containing a subtherapeutic amount of the active ingredient. The required dose is fine-tuned by counting out a specific number of these units. The microtablets are counted electronically from the attached cassette by the automatic dispensing device. The individual dose is set and the dispenser counts and delivers the correct number of microtablets. The usefulness of the automatic dispenser concept and acceptability of the apparatus were evaluated in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). After initial instruction on use of the dispenser, 20 patients operated it themselves. All patients were generally satisfied with their management of the automatic dispenser and most would be happy to use the device again. Further technical development is required before use in clinical practice, but the current prototype may be acceptable for some patients. It is concluded that the final version of the automatic dose dispenser concept will offer potential for improvement of drug administration for patients with PD or other diseases requiring individual dosage.

  • 42.
    Brunell, Anna
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience.
    Ridefelt, Peter
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Biochemial structure and function.
    Zelano, Johan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Developmental Genetics. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Differential diagnostic yield of lumbar puncture in investigation of suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage: a retrospective study2013In: Journal of Neurology, ISSN 0340-5354, E-ISSN 1432-1459, Vol. 260, no 6, p. 1631-1636Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The diagnostic algorithm of computerized tomography (CT) and lumbar puncture (LP) for suspected subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) has lately been challenged by the advancement of radiological techniques, such as higher resolution offered by newer generation CT-scanners and increased availability of CT-angiography. A purely radiological workup of suspected SAH offers great advantages for both patients and the health care system, but the risks of abandoning LP in this setting are not well investigated. We have characterized the differential diagnostic yield of LP in the investigation of suspected SAH by a retrospective study. From the hospital laboratory database, we analyzed the medical records of all patients who had undergone CSF-analysis in search of subarachnoid bleeding during 2009-2011. A total of 453 patients were included. In 14 patients (3 %) the LP resulted in an alternative diagnosis, the most common being aseptic meningitis. Two patients (0.5 %) received treatment for herpes meningitis. Five patients (1 %) with subarachnoid haemorrhages were identified. Among these, the four patients presenting with thunderclap headache had non-aneurysmal bleedings and did not require surgical intervention. We conclude that the differential diagnostic yield of LP in investigation of suspected SAH is low, which indicates that alternative diagnoses is not a reason to keep LP in the workup when a purely radiological strategy has been validated. However, algorithms should be developed to increase the recognition of aseptic meningitis. One hundred and fifty-three patients (34 %) were admitted to undergo LP, which estimates the number of hospital beds that might be made available by a radiological diagnostic algorithm.

  • 43.
    Burman, Joachim
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Curing Multiple Sclerosis: How to do it and how to prove it2014Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) with now more than 600 documented cases in the medical literature. Long-term remission can be achieved with this therapy, but when is it justified to claim that a patient is cured from MS? In attempt to answer this question, the outcome of the Swedish patients is described, mechanisms behind the therapeutic effect are discussed and new tools for demonstration of absence of disease have been developed.

    In Swedish patients treated with HSCT for aggressive MS, disease free survival was 68 % at five years, and no patient progressed after three years of stable disease. Presence of gadolinium enhancing lesions prior to HSCT was associated with a favorable outcome (disease free survival 79 % vs 46 %, p=0.028). There was no mortality and no patient required intensive care.

    The immune system of twelve of these patients was investigated further. In most respects HSCT-treated patients were similar to healthy controls, demonstrating normalization. In the presence of a potential antigen, leukocytes from HSCT-treated patients ceased producing pro-inflammatory IL-17 and increased production of the inhibitory cytokine TGF-β1 suggesting restoration of tolerance.

    Cytokine levels and biomarkers of tissue damage were investigated in cerebrospinal fluid from a cohort of MS patients. The levels were related to clinical and imaging findings. A cytokine signature of patients with relapsing-remitting MS could be identified, characterized by increased levels of CCL22, CXCL10, sCD40L, CXCL1 and CCL5 as well as down-regulation of CCL2. Further, we could demonstrate that active inflammation in relapsing-remitting MS is a tissue damaging process, with increased levels of myelin basic protein and neurofilament light. Importantly, relapsing-remitting MS patients in remission displayed no tissue damage. In secondary progressive MS, moderate tissue damage was present without signs of active inflammation.

    From a clinical vantage point, it seems that we confidently can claim cure of relapsing-remitting MS patients after five years absence of disease activity. The new tools for evaluation of disease can strengthen this assertion and may enable earlier prediction of outcome.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Download (jpg)
    presentationsbild
  • 44.
    Burman, Joachim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Fox, Robert J.
    Cleveland Clin, Neurol Inst, Mellen Ctr Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA..
    Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for MS: Safer than previously thought2017In: Neurology, ISSN 0028-3878, E-ISSN 1526-632X, Vol. 88, no 22, p. 2072-2073Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 45.
    Burman, Joachim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology. Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Fransson, Moa
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Tötterman, Thomas H.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Fagius, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Mangsbo, Sara M.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    Loskog, Angelica S. I.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Clinical Immunology. Uppsala University, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.
    T-cell responses after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for aggressive relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis2013In: Immunology, ISSN 0019-2805, E-ISSN 1365-2567, Vol. 140, no 2, p. 211-219Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is a potentially curative treatment, which can give rise to long-term disease remission. However, the mode of action is not yet fully understood. The aim of the study was to evaluate similarities and differences of the CD4(+) T-cell populations between HSCT-treated patients (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 9). Phenotyping of memory T cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells and T helper type 1 (Th1) and type 17 (Th17) cells was performed. Further, T-cell reactivity to a tentative antigen, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, was investigated in these patient populations. Patients treated with natalizumab (n = 15) were included as a comparative group. White blood cells were analysed with flow cytometry and T-cell culture supernatants were analysed with magnetic bead panel immunoassays. HSCT-treated patients had similar levels of Treg cells and of Th1 and Th17 cells as healthy subjects, whereas natalizumab-treated patients had lower frequencies of Treg cells, and higher frequencies of Th1 and Th17 cells. Cells from HSCT-treated patients cultured with overlapping peptides from myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein produced more transforming growth factor-beta(1) than natalizumab-treated patients, which suggests a suppressive response. Conversely, T cells from natalizumab-treated patients cultured with those peptides produced more interleukin-17 (IL-17), IL-1 and IL-10, indicating a Th17 response. In conclusion, we demonstrate circumstantial evidence for the removal of autoreactive T-cell clones as well as development of tolerance after HSCT. These results parallel the long-term disease remission seen after HSCT.

  • 46.
    Burman, Joachim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Iacobaeus, Ellen
    Svenningsson, Anders
    Lycke, Jan
    Gunnarsson, Martin
    Nilsson, Petra
    Vrethem, Magnus
    Fredrikson, Sten
    Martin, Claes
    Sandstedt, Anna
    Uggla, Bertil
    Lenhoff, Stig
    Johansson, Jan-Erik
    Isaksson, Cecilia
    Hägglund, Hans
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Haematology.
    Carlson, Kristina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Haematology.
    Fagius, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for aggressive multiple sclerosis: the Swedish experience2014In: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, ISSN 0022-3050, E-ISSN 1468-330X, Vol. 85, no 10, p. 1116-1121Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a viable option for treatment of aggressive multiple sclerosis (MS). No randomised controlled trial has been performed, and thus, experiences from systematic and sustained follow-up of treated patients constitute important information about safety and efficacy. In this observational study, we describe the characteristics and outcome of the Swedish patients treated with HSCT for MS.

    METHODS: Neurologists from the major hospitals in Sweden filled out a follow-up form with prospectively collected data. Fifty-two patients were identified in total; 48 were included in the study and evaluated for safety and side effects; 41 patients had at least 1 year of follow-up and were further analysed for clinical and radiological outcome. In this cohort, 34 patients (83%) had relapsing-remitting MS, and mean follow-up time was 47 months.

    RESULTS: At 5 years, relapse-free survival was 87%; MRI event-free survival 85%; expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score progression-free survival 77%; and disease-free survival (no relapses, no new MRI lesions and no EDSS progression) 68%. Presence of gadolinium-enhancing lesions prior to HSCT was associated with a favourable outcome (disease-free survival 79% vs 46%, p=0.028). There was no mortality. The most common long-term side effects were herpes zoster reactivation (15%) and thyroid disease (8.4%).

    CONCLUSIONS: HSCT is a very effective treatment of inflammatory active MS and can be performed with a high degree of safety at experienced centres.

  • 47.
    Burman, Joachim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Kirgizov, K
    Russian Childrens Res Hosp, BMT Dept, Moscow, Russia.
    Carlson, Kristina
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Haematology.
    Badoglio, M
    Hop St Antoine, EBMT Paris Study Off, Paris, France.
    Mancardi, G L
    Univ Genoa, Dept Neurosci, Genoa, Italy.
    De Luca, G
    Univ G dAnnunzio, Multiple Sclerosis Ctr, Neurol Clin, Chieti, Italy.
    Casanova, B
    Hosp Univ & Politecninc La Fe, Neuroimmunol Unit, Valencia, Spain.
    Ouyang, J
    Nanjing Univ, Dept Hematol, Affiliated Drum Tower Hosp, Med Sch, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
    Bembeeva, R
    Pirogov Russian Natl Res Med Univ, Neurosurg & Genet Pediat Fac, Dept Neurol, Moscow, Russia.
    Haas, J
    Jud Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany.
    Bader, P
    GW Goethe Univ Hosp, Dept Children & Adolescents, Div Stem Cell Transplantat & Immunol, Frankfurt, Germany.
    Snowden, J
    Sheffield Teaching Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Haematol, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England; Univ Sheffield, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
    Farge, D
    Paris 7 Univ, INSERM U1160, Paris, France; Paris7 Denis Diderot Univ, St Louis Hosp, AP HP,UF 04, Unite Med Interne Malad Autoimmunes & Pathol Vasc, Paris, France.
    Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for pediatric multiple sclerosis: a registry-based study of the Autoimmune Diseases Working Party (ADWP) and Pediatric Diseases Working Party (PDWP) of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)2017In: Bone Marrow Transplantation, ISSN 0268-3369, E-ISSN 1476-5365, Vol. 52, no 8, p. 1133-1137Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is a promising therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS), which has mainly been used in adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate efficacy and adverse events of aHSCT in the treatment of children with MS using data from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry. Twenty-one patients with a median follow-up time of 2.8 years could be identified. PFS at 3 years was 100%, 16 patients improved in expanded disability status scale score and only 2 patients experienced a clinical relapse. The procedure was generally well tolerated and only two instances of severe transplant-related toxicity were recorded. There was no treatment-related mortality, although one patient needed intensive care. aHSCT may be a therapeutic option for children with disease that does not respond to standard care.

  • 48.
    Burman, Joachim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology. Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Neurol, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Raininko, Raili
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology.
    Blennow, Kaj
    Zetterberg, Henrik
    Axelsson, Markus
    Malmeström, Clas
    YKL-40 is a CSF biomarker of intrathecal inflammation in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.2016In: Journal of Neuroimmunology, ISSN 0165-5728, E-ISSN 1872-8421, Vol. 292, p. 52-57Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    YKL-40 (CHI3L1) is a glycoprotein predominantly produced by reactive astrocytes in chronic active MS lesions, which are common in secondary progressive MS. In this study, YKL-40 was investigated in different stages of MS and in relation to MRI findings. YKL-40 levels in CSF samples from two independent patient cohorts of MS patients were determined with ELISA. CSF YKL-40 was increased in patients with active relapsing-remitting MS and correlated with the number of gadolinium enhancing lesions. Patients with secondary progressive MS had similar high levels of YKL-40, whereas not active relapsing-remitting MS patients had YKL-40 levels comparable to healthy controls.

  • 49.
    Burman, Joachim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Raininko, Raili
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Radiology.
    Fagius, Jan
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Bilateral and recurrent optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis2011In: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, ISSN 0001-6314, E-ISSN 1600-0404, Vol. 123, no 3, p. 207-210Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective - To assess the frequency of bilateral and recurrent optic neuritis (ON) in multiple sclerosis (MS) and to compare these results with epidemiological data of ON in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and recurrent ON without other signs of disease. Methods - We identified 472 patients with diagnosis of MS from the Swedish Multiple Sclerosis Register. These patients were evaluated for the presence of ON and whether the ON was the presenting symptom of MS; unilateral or bilateral; monophasic or recurrent. Results - Twenty-one percent presented with ON as their first manifestation of MS. The proportion of patients developing a second attack of ON before demonstration of other manifestations of MS was 5.5% and the frequency of recurrent bilateral ON as the presenting symptom was 3.8%. Only two patients presented with simultaneously appearing bilateral ON corresponding to 0.42%. Conclusion - Recurrent ON, whether unilateral or bilateral, is a common presentation of MS. As MS is a much more common disease than NMO, care must be taken when evaluating the work-up of patients with recurrent ON. In some cases repeated MRI and lumbar punctures are warranted to improve diagnostic accuracy, even in the presence of the serological marker NMO-IgG.

  • 50.
    Burman, Joachim
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Neurology. Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Neurol, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
    Svenningsson, Anders
    Umea Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Clin Neurosci, Umea, Sweden; Univ Hosp Northern Sweden, Umea, Sweden; Karolinska Inst, Danderyd Hosp, Dept Clin Sci, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Cerebrospinal fluid concentration of Galectin-9 is increased in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.2016In: Journal of Neuroimmunology, ISSN 0165-5728, E-ISSN 1872-8421, Vol. 292, p. 40-44Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Galectin-9 is produced by activated astrocytes, induces a pro-inflammatory response in microglia and may be important to the pathogenesis of secondary progressive MS. In this study, Galectin-9 concentrations in CSF samples from healthy controls and two independent patient cohorts of MS patients were determined by ELISA. Patients from one of the cohorts underwent MRI as well. Galectin-9 concentrations in CSF were higher in SPMS patients than healthy controls and RRMS patients in both cohorts. Galectin-9 concentrations correlated with the number of lesions on T1-weighted images, but not with gadolinium enhancing lesions, IgG index or CSF cell count.

1234567 1 - 50 of 464
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf