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  • 1.
    Abd Alrahman, Asma
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Ataei, Miragha
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Tillfällig ändring av lag för asylsökande: En kvalitativ studie om HVB-hemspersonals uppfattning av lagändringens konsekvenser för ensamkommande barn.2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of our study was to investigate HVB-home staff's perceptions of the temporary asylum law's impact on unaccompanied minors’ motivation for integration into Swedish society. On 24 November 2015, the government presented a temporary law to reduce the number of asylum seekers. The temporary law was intended to apply for three years and meant that Sweden went from having generous asylum legislation to following the EU's line for a minimum level for receiving asylum seekers. All asylum-seeking groups, such as refugees and people in need of protection, would receive temporary residence permits, except that there were exceptions for quota refugees who could obtain permanent residence permits. In the study, we used a qualitative method and conducted semi-structured interviews with five staff who had previously worked with unaccompanied children. Results from both interviews and previous research show that there are several factors that affect the mood of unaccompanied children and their integration into Swedish society. The study showed that previous psychological trauma, long waiting times for information about residence permits, loneliness and lack of meaningful activity had a negative impact on unaccompanied children's mood and motivation for integration.

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  • 2.
    Abrahamsson, Stephanie
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Hermansson, Matilda
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Vilka faktorer upplevs som begränsande för unga kvinnors sexualitet utifrån ett genuspsykologiskt perspektiv?: En studie med tio intervjuer av kvinnor i åldrarna 25-30 år2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka om och i sådana fall vilka faktorer som unga heterosexuella kvinnor upplevde som begränsande för sin sexualitet. Med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer undersöktes i denna kvalitativa studie hur dessa deltagare upplevde sin sexualitet utifrån tre huvudområden; sociala strukturer, normer samt psykisk hälsa. Teorin “sexual scripting theory” applicerades på de tre huvudområdena, då paralleller drogs mellan dessa och teorins tre huvudbegrepp “cultural scripts”, “interpersonal scripts” och “intrapsychic scripts”. Resultatet av denna studie visade att patriarkala strukturer, samhällsideal, jämförelser med andra, förväntningar och föreställningar om kvinnans utseende samt beteende var hämmande för deltagarnas sexualitet. Resultatet visade även att det fanns tydliga samband mellan sexualiteten och den psykiska hälsan. Negativa sexuella erfarenheter upplevdes påverka deltagarnas psykiska hälsa och blev hämmande för framtida sexuella upplevelser. Många begränsande faktorer identifierades utifrån resultatet i denna studie och en inblick i deltagarnas förhållande till sin sexualitet utforskades. 

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  • 3.
    Agerström, Jens
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Why does height matter in hiring?2014In: Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, ISSN 2214-8043, E-ISSN 2214-8051, Vol. 52, p. 35-38Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous research shows the existence of a height premium in the workplace with tall individuals receiving more benefits across several domains (e.g., earnings) relative to short people. The current study probes deeper into the height premium by focusing on the specific favorable traits, attributes, and abilities tall individuals are presumed to have, ultimately giving these individuals an advantage in hiring. In an experiment, we made a male job applicant taller or shorter by digitally manipulating photographs, and attached these to job applications that were evaluated by professional recruiters. We find that in the context of hiring a project leader, the height premium consists of increased perceptions of the candidate's general competence, specific job competency (including employability), and physical health, whereas warmth and physical attractiveness seem to matter less. Interestingly, physical height predicted recruiters' hiring intentions even when statistically controlling for competence, warmth, health, and attractiveness.

  • 4.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Andréll, Cecilia
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Bremer, Anders
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Strömberg, Anna
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Region Kalmar County, Sweden.
    Israelsson, Johan
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Kalmar County Hospital, Sweden.
    All else equal: Examining treatment bias and stereotypes based on patient ethnicity and socioeconomic status using in-hospital cardiac arrest clinical vignettes2024In: Heart & Lung, ISSN 0147-9563, E-ISSN 1527-3288, Vol. 63, p. 86-91Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundResearch on ethnic and socioeconomic treatment differences following in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) largely draws on register data. Due to the correlational nature of such data, it cannot be concluded whether detected differences reflect treatment bias/discrimination – whereby otherwise identical patients are treated differently solely due to sociodemographic factors. To be able to establish discrimination, experimental research is needed.ObjectiveThe primary aim of this experimental study was to examine whether simulated IHCA patients receive different treatment recommendations based on ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES), holding all other factors (e.g., health status) constant. Another aim was to examine health care professionals’ (HCP) stereotypical beliefs about these groups.MethodsHCP (N = 235) working in acute care made anonymous treatment recommendations while reading IHCA clinical vignettes wherein the patient's ethnicity (Swedish vs. Middle Eastern) and SES had been manipulated. Afterwards they estimated to what extent hospital staff associate these patient groups with certain traits (stereotypes).ResultsNo significant differences in treatment recommendations for Swedish versus Middle Eastern or high versus low SES patients were found. Reported stereotypes about Middle Eastern patients were uniformly negative. SES-related stereotypes, however, were mixed. High SES patients were believed to be more competent (e.g., respected), but less warm (e.g., friendly) than low SES patients.ConclusionsSwedish HCP do not seem to discriminate against patients with Middle Eastern or low SES backgrounds when recommending treatment for simulated IHCA cases, despite the existence of negative stereotypes about these groups. Implications for health care equality and quality are discussed.

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  • 5.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Björklund, Fredrik
    Temporal construal and moral motivation2013In: Handbook of Moral Motivation: Theories, Models, Applications / [ed] K. Heinrichs, F. Oser & T Lovat, Rotterdam: Sense Publishers, 2013, p. 181-196Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 6.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Björklund, Fredrik
    Why people with an eye toward the future are more moral: The role of abstract thinking2013In: Basic and Applied Social Psychology, ISSN 0197-3533, E-ISSN 1532-4834, Vol. 35, no 4, p. 373-381Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Why do future-oriented people show greater moral concern than present-oriented people? Consistent with construal level theory (CLT; Trope & Liberman, 2003), we find that future-oriented people construe morally relevant actions at a higher level of abstraction, which clarifies their larger implications. Moreover, we show that level of construal partially explains the relationship between individual differences in temporal orientation and moral judgments. These findings support CLT and contribute to our understanding of moral psychology, as they are the first to show how individual differences pertaining to psychological distance relate to abstract thinking and moral judgments.

  • 7.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Björklund, Fredrik
    Lunds universitet.
    Carlsson, Rickard
    Lunds universitet.
    Rooth, Dan-Olof
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics.
    Warm and Competent Hassan = Cold and Incompetent Eric: A harsh equation of real-life hiring discrimination2013Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 8.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Carlsson, Magnus
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics.
    Bremer, Anders
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Herlitz, Johan
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden;University of Borås, Sweden.
    Israelsson, Johan
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Kalmar County Hospital, Sweden.
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Sustainable Health. Region Kalmar County, Sweden.
    Discriminatory cardiac arrest care?: Patients with low socioeconomic status receive delayed cardiopulmonary resuscitation and are less likely to survive an in-hospital cardiac arrest2021In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 42, no 8, p. 861-869Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: Individuals with low socioeconomic status (SES) face widespread prejudice in society. Whether SES disparities exist in treatment and survival following in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is unclear. The aim of the current retrospective registry study was to examine SES disparities in IHCA treatment and survival, assessing SES at the patient level, and adjusting for major demographic, clinical, and contextual factors.

    Methods and results: In total, 24 217 IHCAs from the Swedish Register of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation were analysed. Education and income constituted SES proxies. Controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, comorbidity, heart rhythm, aetiology, hospital, and year, primary analyses showed that high (vs. low) SES patients were significantly less likely to receive delayed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (highly educated: OR = 0.89, and high income: OR = 0.98). Furthermore, patients with high SES were significantly more likely to survive CPR (high income: OR = 1.02), to survive to hospital discharge with good neurological outcome (highly educated: OR = 1.27; high income: OR = 1.06), and to survive to 30 days (highly educated: OR = 1.21; and high income: OR = 1.05). Secondary analyses showed that patients with high SES were also significantly more likely to receive prophylactic heart rhythm monitoring (highly educated: OR = 1.16; high income: OR = 1.02), and this seems to partially explain the observed SES differences in CPR delay.

    Conclusion: There are clear SES differences in IHCA treatment and survival, even when controlling for major sociodemographic, clinical, and contextual factors. This suggests that patients with low SES could be subject to discrimination when suffering IHCA.

  • 9.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Carlsson, Magnus
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics.
    Bremer, Anders
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Herlitz, Johan
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden;University of Borås, Sweden.
    Rawshani, Araz
    University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Årestedt, Kristofer
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Linnaeus University, Linnaeus Knowledge Environments, Sustainable Health. Region Kalmar County, Sweden.
    Israelsson, Johan
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences. Kalmar County Hospital, Sweden.
    Treatment and survival following in-hospital cardiac arrest: does patient ethnicity matter?2022In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, ISSN 1474-5151, E-ISSN 1873-1953, Vol. 21, no 4, p. 341-347Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims 

    Previous research on racial/ethnic disparities in relation to cardiac arrest has mainly focused on black vs. white disparities in the USA. The great majority of these studies concerns out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The current nationwide registry study aims to explore whether there are ethnic differences in treatment and survival following in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA), examining possible disparities towards Middle Eastern and African minorities in a European context.

    Methods and results

    In this retrospective registry study, 24 217 patients from the IHCA part of the Swedish Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation were included. Data on patient ethnicity were obtained from Statistics Sweden. Regression analysis was performed to assess the impact of ethnicity on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) delay, CPR duration, survival immediately after CPR, and the medical team’s reported satisfaction with the treatment. Middle Eastern and African patients were not treated significantly different compared to Nordic patients when controlling for hospital, year, age, sex, socioeconomic status, comorbidity, aetiology, and initial heart rhythm. Interestingly, we find that Middle Eastern patients were more likely to survive than Nordic patients (odds ratio = 1.52).

    Conclusion

    Overall, hospital staff do not appear to treat IHCA patients differently based on their ethnicity. Nevertheless, Middle Eastern patients are more likely to survive IHCA.

  • 10.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Carlsson, Magnus
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics (NS).
    Erenel, Asuman
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics (NS).
    The effect of social gender norms on parental leave uptake intentions: Evidence from two survey experiments on prospective fathers and mothers2023In: Applied Economics, ISSN 0003-6846, E-ISSN 1466-4283, Vol. 55, no 53, p. 6277-6293Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We investigate how social gender norms influence parental leave uptake intentions by conducting two separate survey experiments on prospective fathers (N = 877) and mothers (N = 882) in the UK. In a between-subjects design, we manipulate social gender norms by varying information on the average number of days that other fathers and mothers stay at home to take care of a child during the first year after childbirth. We find that when prospective parents (both genders) are exposed to the low staying-home-with-children norm, they plan less parental leave uptake compared to the control (no norm) group. When exposed to the high staying-home-with-children norm, men (but not women) plan more parental leave uptake compared to the control group. We discuss policy implications and suggest directions for future studies.

  • 11.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Carlsson, Magnus
    Linnaeus University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Economics and Statistics.
    Strinic, Andrea
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Intersected groups and discriminatory everyday behavior: Evidence from a lost email experiment2021In: Social Psychology, ISSN 1864-9335, E-ISSN 2151-2590, Vol. 52, no 6, p. 351-361Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    De-racialization research suggests that depicting members of ethnic minority groups as gay leads to less stereotypic perceptions oftheir ethnic group. However, whether the consequences of de-racialization translate into real-world behavior is unclear. In a large “lost letter” field experiment (N = 6,654) where an email was ostensibly sent to the wrong recipient by mistake, we investigate whether the relative impact of signaling gayness (vs. heterosexuality) differs for Arab (minority) versus Swedish (majority) senders. The results show clear evidence of ethnic discrimination where Arab (minority) senders receive fewer replies (prosocial response) than Swedish (majority) senders. However, there is no evidence indicating that Arab senders would receive a lower penalty for revealing gayness. Implications for multiple categorization research are discussed.

  • 12.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Carlsson, Rickard
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Why does height matter in hiring?2013Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Although previous research has established that physical height matters in hiring contexts, it is less clear through which channels height exerts its effect. The current research examines several potential components of the height premium: warmth, competence, job competency for a leadership position, physical health, and attractiveness. We made target individuals taller or shorter by digitally manipulating photographs, and attached these to job applications that were evaluated by real recruiters. The results show that in the context of hiring a project leader, the height premium consists of increased perceptions of the candidate's general competence, job competency, and health, whereas warmth and attractiveness seem to matter less.

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  • 13.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Carlsson, Rickard
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Nicklasson, Linda
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Guntell, Linda
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Descriptive social norms and charitable giving: the power of local norms2015Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    By conducting a field experiment, we examined whether conveying descriptive social norms (e.g., “this is what most people do”) leads to more charitable giving compared to industry standard appeals. Moreover, we examined whether people are more likely to conform to the local norms of one’s immediate environment than to more global norms extending beyond one’s local environment. University students received a charity organization’s information brochure and were asked for a monetary contribution. An experimental descriptive norm manipulation was embedded in the brochure. We found that providing people with descriptive norms increased charitable giving substantially compared with industry standard altruistic appeals (control condition). Moreover, conveying local norms were more effective in increasing charitable giving than conveying global norms. Practical implications for charity organizations and marketing are proposed.

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  • 14.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Carlsson, Rickard
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Nicklasson, Linda
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Guntell, Linda
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Using descriptive social norms to increase charitable giving: The power of local norms2016In: Journal of Economic Psychology, ISSN 0167-4870, E-ISSN 1872-7719, Vol. 52, p. 147-153Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In a field experiment, we examined whether conveying descriptive social norms (e.g., "this is what most people do") increases charitable giving. Additionally, we examined whether people are more likely to conform to the local norms of one's immediate environment than to more global norms extending beyond one's local environment. University students received a charity organization's information brochure and were asked for a monetary contribution. An experimentaldescriptive norm manipulation was embedded in the brochure. We found that providing people with descriptive norms increased charitable giving substantially compared with industry standard altruistic appeals (control condition). Moreover, conveying local norms were more effective in increasing charitable givingthan conveying global norms. Practical implications for charity organizations and marketing are proposed.

  • 15.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Gunnarsson, Helena E. M.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Stening, Kent
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Does physical pain impair abstract thinking?2017In: Journal of Cognitive Psychology, ISSN 2044-5911, E-ISSN 2044-592X, Vol. 29, no 6, p. 748-754Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The ability to think abstractly constitutes a fundamental dimension of human cognition. Although abstraction has been extensively studied, its emotional and affective antecedents have been largely overlooked. One experiment was conducted to examine whether physical pain affects abstraction. Drawing on Construal Level Theory [Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2010). Construal-level theory of psychological distance. Psychological Review117, 440–463] and Loewenstein’s [(1996). Out of control: Visceral influences on behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes65, 272–292] visceral factors theory, we hypothesised that pain impairs abstraction because pain constricts people’s mental horizons and lead to a concrete, inward-focus toward oneself in the here and now. Physical pain was manipulated between subjects (N = 150). The participants either kept their left hand immersed in cold (painful) water or neutral (painless) water while we measured abstract versus concrete behaviour identification, categorisation, and perceptual processing. Bayesian statistical analyses indicate substantial evidence against the hypothesis that pain impairs abstraction. In contrast to many other previously studied cognitive outcomes (e.g. attention), abstraction appears to be largely immune to acute, experimentally induced pain.

  • 16.
    Agerström, Jens
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Stening, Kent
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Axman, Olof
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Pain here and now: physical pain impairs transcendence of psychological distance2019In: Journal of Pain Research, E-ISSN 1178-7090, Vol. 12, p. 961-968Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The ability to traverse psychological distance by going beyond the experienced reality of the self, here and now, is fundamental for effective human functioning. Yet, little is known about how physical pain affects transcendence of psychological distance. Using a construal level theory framework of psychological distance, the current research examines the hypothesis that pain impairs people's ability to traverse any kind of psychological distance whether it be temporal, social, and spatial distance, or the hypothetical. Methods: Using the cold pressor test, 151 participants participated in an experiment where they were either induced with acute pain (treatment group) or no pain (control group) while completing a battery of questions measuring to what extent their current thoughts were transcending psychological distance. Results: The results were largely consistent with the hypothesis. Relative to the control group, pain induced participants showed significantly less transcendence of past temporal distance, social distance, spatial distance, and the hypothetical. Furthermore, greater self-reported pain intensity was significantly associated with less transcendence of temporal (past and future), social, and spatial distance. Conclusion: Physical pain impairs the ability to traverse psychological distance. The research has practical implications for the pain clinic and for pain-afflicted individuals in everyday life.

  • 17.
    Ahlstrand, Amanda
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Hult, Henrik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    ”Jag var inte beredd på att det skulle vara så”: En kvalitativ intervjustudie om polisstudenters tankar kring att avsluta polisutbildningen i förtid2020Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In the beginning of 2020, approximately a quarter of the spots at the police education in Sweden were vacant. Apart from the fact that it has been difficult to recruit suitable applicants, there is also a high number of dropouts from the education. There are few Swedish studies investigating why police students drop out. With the help of qualitative approach, this essay aims to give a greater understanding of how the police students at a university in Sweden experience the education and what the underlying factors for the numbers of dropouts within the education may be. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted by video link with participants who have ended, or had thoughts of ending, their studies prematurely. The material was analyzed by thematic analysis and resulted in three main themes; student role, police role and external influence. The results are discussed on the basis that there are police students who experience internal conflicts during their studies. They describe difficulties in finding their place, both in the role of a student and in the role of a police officer.

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  • 18.
    Ajdahi, Sami
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Hansson, Erik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Stolthet-statusmodellen och attityder till utbildning: En kvantitativ studie om hur gymnasielevers upplevelser av stolthet och social status korrelerar med deras attityder till utbildning2016Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 300 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Previous research by Cheng, Tracy and Henrich (2010) has identified relationships betweentwo facets of pride and two different strategies to attain social status. These relationships havebeen conceptualized to a pride-status model. The model has been tested on an Americanpopulation and only in one study has it been tested in a Swedish context. Moreover, there areno previous studies on the possible relationship between the pride-status model and positiveattitudes towards post-secondary education. Therefore, the purposes of this study were toinvestigate if the pride-status model is valid on a Swedish population and investigate how thedifferent status strategies and facets of pride relate to positive attitudes towards post-secondary education. In order to examine this, a convenience sample consisting of 609students in high school preparing for post-secondary education rated subjective experiences offacets of pride, social status strategies and attitudes towards post-secondary education. Thestudents’ ratings were correlated with each other and the difference between the correlationswas examined. The findings show that the pride-status model is partly valid on a Swedishpopulation and that the status strategies correlated significantly with positive attitudes towardspost-secondary education. The facets of pride were significantly correlated with positiveattitudes towards post-secondary education to some extent. Possible explanations of thefindings are discussed together with a methodology discussion and proposals for futureresearch within the area of the pride-status model and attitudes towards education.

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  • 19.
    Al-Dury, Nooraldeen
    et al.
    University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Rawshani, Araz
    University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Israelsson, Johan
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Kalmar Maritime Academy. Kalmar County Hospital, Sweden;Linköping university, Sweden.
    Strömsöe, Anneli
    School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Västerås, Sweden.
    Aune, Solveig
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Agerström, Jens
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Karlsson, Thomas
    University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Ravn-Fischer, Annica
    University of Gothenburg, Sweden;Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Herlitz, Johan
    University of Gothenburg, Sweden;Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden;University of Borås, Sweden.
    Characteristics and outcome among 14,933 adult cases of in-hospital cardiac arrest: A nationwide study with the emphasis on gender and age.2017In: American Journal of Emergency Medicine, ISSN 0735-6757, E-ISSN 1532-8171, Vol. 35, no 12, p. 1839-1844Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM: To investigate characteristics and outcome among patients suffering in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) with the emphasis on gender and age.

    METHODS: Using the Swedish Register of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, we analyzed associations between gender, age and co-morbidities, etiology, management, 30-day survival and cerebral function among survivors in 14,933 cases of IHCA. Age was divided into three ordered categories: young (18-49years), middle-aged (50-64years) and older (65years and above). Comparisons between men and women were age adjusted.

    RESULTS: The mean age was 72.7years and women were significantly older than men. Renal dysfunction was the most prevalent co-morbidity. Myocardial infarction/ischemia was the most common condition preceding IHCA, with men having 27% higher odds of having MI as the underlying etiology. A shockable rhythm was found in 31.8% of patients, with men having 52% higher odds of being found in VT/VF. After adjusting for various confounders, it was found that men had a 10% lower chance than women of surviving to 30days. Older individuals were managed less aggressively than younger patients. Increasing age was associated with lower 30-day survival but not with poorer cerebral function among survivors.

    CONCLUSION: When adjusting for various confounders, it was found that men had a 10% lower chance than women of surviving to 30days after in-hospital cardiac arrest. Older individuals were managed less aggressively than younger patients, despite a lower chance of survival. Higher age was, however, not associated with poorer cerebral function among survivors.

  • 20.
    Alexandersson, David
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Stress inom Räddningstjänsten: En studie om samband mellan krav, kontroll, socialt stöd och brandmäns upplevda stressnivå.2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Fire and rescue services have an important function in society and aims to deliver effective emergency response to the public's benefit. Meanwhile, the firefighting profession a high-risk profession where firefighters are exposed to diseases caused by the physical environment as various forms of cancers. They are also exposed to organizational health risks like negative stress, which is the focus of this paper. The aim of the thesis was to make clear whether there is a relationship between psychosocial work environment and perceived stress among firefighters. The issue was whether the levels of demands, control and social support can predict firemens perceived stress level? A total of 67 firefighters from two different cities in southern Sweden participated. The independent variables were demands, control and social support, measured with Swedish Demand Control Support Questionnaire. Stress was measured with the Swedish version of the Perceived Stress Scale. Demand and social support were significant predictors. Demand had a positive relationship with stress and social support was negative associated with stress. Control could not predict stress. This result is consistent to some extent with previous research.

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  • 21.
    Alexandersson, Klas
    et al.
    Sundsvall Hospital, Sweden.
    Wagberg, Malin
    Sundsvall Hospital, Sweden.
    Ekeblad, Annika
    Sundsvall Hospital, Sweden;Linköping University, Sweden.
    Holmqvist, Rolf
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Falkenström, Fredrik
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology. Linköping University, Sweden.
    Session-to-session effects of therapist adherence and facilitative conditions on symptom change in CBT and IPT for depression2023In: Psychotherapy Research, ISSN 1050-3307, E-ISSN 1468-4381, Vol. 33, no 1, p. 57-69Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of adherence to both specific technique factors and facilitative condition variables (e.g., therapists' involvement, understanding and support) in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT). In addition, we were interested in whether the effect of therapist adherence would depend on the level of the working alliance. Method: Three sessions each from 74 patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder who were randomized to 14 sessions of IPT or CBT were rated for adherence using a modified version of The Collaborative Study Psychotherapy Rating Scale-6 (CSPRS-6). Data was analyzed using Multilevel Modeling. Results: No effects of adherence to specific factors on outcome were found in neither CBT nor IPT. Facilitative conditions were associated with better outcome in CBT but not in IPT, even after adjustment for the quality of the working alliance. No interaction effects were found. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of relational factors in CBT, but do not support the need for specific adherence to any of the two treatments. Possible explanations of the findings and directions for future research are discussed.

  • 22.
    Alexson Accaoui, Daniel
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Magnusson, Hampus
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Personlighetens betydelse för politisk tolerans och viljan att tysta oliktänkande2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines how personality and general political stance correlate with political tolerance in a Swedish context. The forms of tolerance investigated were general political tolerance as well as directed political tolerance towards both the right and left in its more extreme form. The study also examines the relationship between personality and a belief in silence others. The study was based on an internet-based survey with 273 respondents in the final sample. The results showed that personality had an impact on how we behave towards others expressively, where levels of extraversion and neuroticism correlated with the belief in silence others, and where extraversion was also a predictor. The study's results also show that the personality trait openness predicted directed political tolerance towards the left and that political stance could predict tolerance towards the right. For general political tolerance, neuroticism from the Big Five and honesty from HEXACO were significant predictors. This differs partly from previous research.

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    Personlighetens betydelse för politisk tolerans och viljan att tysta oliktänkande
  • 23.
    Alfvén, Lena
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Lagerberg, Maria
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Känsloreglering hos Elitidrottare: Känslor elitidrottare upplever timmen innan en viktig tävling och hur de hanteras2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the study was, based on Gross’ (2007) theory, to investigate elite athletes’ emotion regulating strategies. The issue posed in the Study was the following: What feelings does an elite athlete experience in the hour before an important competition and how does the athlete handle those feelings? The study pertained to nine elite athletes in individual athletic disciplines. The compilation of data was performed through semi-structured interviews which were transcribed and analysed using a content analysis. The analysis resulted in six categories with 2-3 sub-categories. The six main categories were distraction, self-talk/pep-talk, social strategy, structure, attention focus and visualisation. The elite athletes conclusively stated that they did experience feelings during the hour just before an important competition and they gave the impression that they used emotion regulating strategies. These strategies were often used sub- consciously. Raising awareness of emotion regulating strategies can contribute to creating possibilities for enhanced performance. 

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    Känsloreglering hos Elitidrottare
  • 24.
    Alic, Mona
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Hur individen upplever sig själv efter att ha varit sjukskriven på grund av stress2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur individen upplever sig själv efter att ha varit sjukskriven på grund av stress. Detta undersöktes genom intervjuer med fyra deltagare och det transkriberade materialet analyserades med tematisk analys (TA). Det resulterade i fyra huvudteman som var: Otydliga gränser; Bilden utåt; Blicken inåt; Inre ledarskap. Resultatet visade att deltagarna upplevde en förändring hos sig själva efter senaste sjukskrivningen. Genom reflektion utvecklade de sin medvetenhet om vem de är som personer och vilka behov de har och då tydliggjordes även gränserna för hur höga krav de kunde ställa på sig själva. De upptäckte även var gränsen gick för deras egen kapacitet och behovet av återhämtning samt att självkontrollen ökade när de tillät sig visa sårbarhet. Resultatet bekräftar tidigare forskning om att individen kan bli starkare av motgångar och att samtal och reflektion hjälper individen att utvecklas.   

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  • 25.
    Alic, Sabina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Sundberg, Erika
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Föräldrastress bland universitetsstuderande föräldrar: En jämförelse mellan mödrar och fäder2018Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 26.
    Alijagic, Arnel
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Nessler, Nina
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Gymnasielärares upplevelse av arbetsrelaterad stress: En kvalitativ studie i hur gymnasielärare upplever arbetsrelaterad stress och hur den stress hanteras2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Skolan utgör en av samhällets största arbetsplatser och är en organisation under ständig förändring. Läroplaner speglar samhällets utveckling och därmed ställs krav på fortlöpande uppdatering av kursplaner och pedagogiska tillvägagångssätt. Trots behov av ständig utveckling är skolan ett av samhällets störst drabbade område gällande nedskärningar.

    Föreliggande studie avsåg att genom kvalitativ metod och semistrukturerad intervju undersöka gymnasielärares upplevelse av arbetsrelaterad stress och hur den arbetsrelaterade stressen hanterades.

    Föreliggande studie visade på tre huvudresultat. Ett resultat visade att lärare hade en upplevd ökad arbetsbelastning där ansvaret och arbetsuppgifterna ökat och där stor tidsbrist rådde gällande planering och uppföljning. Studien visade även att flertalet av lärarna upplevde, eller har upplevt både fysiologiska och psykiska stressreaktioner av olika slag som resultat av arbetsrelaterade stress. Slutligen visade studien att flera utav de deltagande lärarna använde sig av aktiva copingstrategier både i form av problemfokuserad- och känslofokuserad coping för att hantera yrkets arbetsrelaterade stress.

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  • 27.
    Alimoradi, Zainab
    et al.
    Qazvin Univ Med Sci, Iran.
    Broström, Anders
    Jönköping University, Sweden;Linköping University Hospital, Sweden.
    Ohayon, Maurice M.
    Stanford Univ, USA.
    Lin, Chung-Ying
    Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Taiwan.
    Griffiths, Mark D.
    Nottingham Trent Univ, UK.
    Jernelov, Susanna
    Region Stockholm, Sweden;Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Kaldo, Viktor
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Region Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pakpour, Amir H.
    Jönköping University, Sweden.
    Reply to Liu et al.: "Effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on quality of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis"2022In: Sleep Medicine Reviews, ISSN 1087-0792, E-ISSN 1532-2955, Vol. 66, article id 101699Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 28.
    Alimoradi, Zainab
    et al.
    Qazvin Univ Med Sci, Iran.
    Jafari, Elahe
    Qazvin Univ Med Sci, Iran.
    Broström, Anders
    Jönköping University, Sweden;Linköping University Hospital, Sweden.
    Ohayon, Maurice M.
    Stanford Univ, USA.
    Lin, Chung-Ying
    Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Taiwan;Natl Cheng Kung Univ Hosp, Taiwan.
    Griffiths, Mark D.
    Nottingham Trent Univ, UK.
    Blom, Kerstin
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Region Stockholm, Sweden.
    Jernelov, Susanna
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Region Stockholm, Sweden.
    Kaldo, Viktor
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Region Stockholm, Sweden.
    Pakpour, Amir H.
    Jönköping University, Sweden.
    Effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) on quality of life: A systematic review and meta-analysis2022In: Sleep Medicine Reviews, ISSN 1087-0792, E-ISSN 1532-2955, Vol. 64, article id 101646Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The effects of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) have consistently been shown to improve insomnia symptoms and other health-related outcomes, but the effects on QoL have been inconsistent. Many factors including the type CBT-I delivery and type of instrument used to assess QoL make the topic complex. The present systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized the evidence of CBT-I efficacy on QoL outcomes across different populations, delivery modes, and methodological aspects. Following the guidelines on preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), a literature search was conducted through PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO using keywords from relevant MeSH terms based on PICOS (Participants, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome and Study) criteria. Clinical trials investigating the effect of CBT-I as an intervention on QoL with any kind of control group were eligible if they reported mean scores and variation of QoL. Meta-analysis using a random-effect model was conducted to calculate the standardized mean differences (SMDs) in a set including all identified studies, as well as in three sub-sets: face-to-face CBT-I using randomized controlled trials (RCTs), online CBT-I using RCTs, and one-group pre- and post-treatment design. A total of 24 studies comprising 1977 participants (808 in an intervention group) from 12 countries were eligible for meta-analysis. The overall pooled estimate of SMD of QoL when all 24 studies were included was 0.47 (95% CI: 0.22; 0.72; I-2 = 84.5%; tau(2) = 0.31; p < 0.001). The overall pooled estimate of SMD of QoL was 0.46 (95% CI: 0.01-0.90; I-2 = 87.5%; tau(2) = 0.48, p < 0.001) for intervention groups with face-to-face CBT-I compared to controls; 0.47 (95% CI: 0.02-0.92; I-2 = 88.3%; tau(2) = 0.36; p = 0.04) for intervention groups with digital CBT-I compared to controls, and 0.46 (95% CI: 0.12-0.80; I-2 = 52.9%; tau(2) = 0.07; p = 0.08) for one-group pre- and post-comparison using CBT-I intervention compared to baseline. Moreover, effects of CBT-I on QoL were different across populations (pooled SMD = 0.59 for patients with insomnia; 0.29 for patients with insomnia comorbid with another major disorder; and 0.48 for other conditions) and types of QoL instruments (pooled SMD = 0.36 for disease-specific QoL instrument not on insomnia, 0.43 for generic QoL instrument, and 0.67 for a single-QoL-item instrument). The probability of publication bias was ruled out in overall and design specific sub-group analysis based on funnel plot and Egger's test. In conclusion, this meta-analysis confirmed a moderate, overall effect of CBT-I in improving QoL. However, due to small power and heterogeneity, future studies are needed to better explore the impact of moderating factors such as mode of delivery and type of QoL measure for assessment used. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

  • 29.
    Allarveus, Sandra
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Pettersson, Hanna
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Att gå emot könsstereotyper i sitt yrkesval: En kvalitativ studie2024Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This essay is a qualitative study that examines the factors that are hindering and driving in people who choose a profession that goes against the gender stereotype. In the study, 2 men who have chosen to train as social workers and 4 women who have chosen to train as engineers are interviewed. These professions have been chosen because there is a clear dominance of one gender in these professions. The interviews have been semi-structured, and the interviews have been analyzed thematically. The themes that have emerged are context, career, work environment, meaningful, obstacles and self-efficacy. Common driving factors for both professions are a great deal of self-interest and support from the environment. Hindered factors are that the gender stereotype does not match the attitudes associated with the profession and that the environment may express incomprehension before the choice of profession. 

    The study shows that the conditions for women in the engineering profession have changed more than for men in the social work profession regarding gender distribution and attitudes in the labor market. 

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  • 30.
    Allerhed, Ia
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Latvala, Belinda
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Dagdrömmars användbarhet för den konstnärligt kreativa individen: En kvalitativ intervjustudie2024Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    To daydream is a phenomenon that often has been considered as distracting as it can be seen as unrelated to a primary task. However, during recent years it’s advantages and areas of use have begun to receive more attention. The aim of this study was to examine artistically creative people’s experiences of daydreaming in relation to their process of creating. Interviews were conducted with six artistically creative individuals who met specific criteria for creativity. The interview material was then analyzed by a form of thematic analysis. The analysis resulted in five themes: A break for the mind, Obstacles for daydreaming, Intertwined subjects, Origins of ideas and Metacognition. In summary the results showed that the participants experienced that there were several types of ideas and that they emerged in different ways. Daydreaming was mainly experienced as something positive and useful for idea generation during the process of creating. Even in cases where daydreams did not generate ideas, they were viewed positively as they were still considered to be able to fulfill purposes for the participants. 

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  • 31.
    Almeborg, Carolina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Eriksson, Jessica
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Skolsituationen för barn med Autism och ADHD: Ur ett föräldrarperspektiv2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    School absenteeism is more common for children with autism than neurotypical developingchildren (Munkhaugen et al., 2017) and children with ADHD risk not reaching a passinggrade (Jangmo et al., 2019). Teacher’s lack of knowledge about neurodevelopmentaldisorders and insufficient adaptation strategies in school have been highlighted as a reason(Anderson, 2020).

    The purpose of this quantitative study was to obtain answers to how parents ofchildren with autism and/or ADHD perceive how school works in general, and what factorshave the greatest impact and correlation with that experience. Factors examined areabsenteeism, teacher and school management knowledge of autism and/or ADHD,understanding from school staff, attitude from other pupils and adaptations in school. Gender,type of school, medical treatment and type of diagnosis (autism/ADHD) are additionalvariables that have been able to be examined on their impact on the overall schoolexperience.

    The data was collected through an online survey where the participants (n=144) wererecruited with a convenience sample.

    The results show that teacher and school management's knowledge of autism and/orADHD, as well as absence, significantly correlates with how the school is judged to functionoverall. This indicates that an increase in knowledge among existing teachers who lackadequate knowledge about autism and ADHD is required. 

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    Skolsituationen för barn med Autism och ADHD
  • 32.
    Almgren Bäck, Gunilla
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Lindeblad, Emma
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Elmqvist, Carina
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Svensson, Idor
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Dyslexic students' experiences in using assistive technology to support written language skills: a five-year follow-up2023In: Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology, ISSN 1748-3107, E-ISSN 1748-3115Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PurposeThis study presents several accounts of user experiences with assistive technology (AT). Although previous studies on dyslexic students reported promising results from using audiobooks, text-to-speech (TTS), and speech-to-text (STT), qualitative research is relatively sparse and short-term, and little is known about adolescents' long-term experiences of using AT in schools. Therefore, this five-year follow-up study aimed to describe dyslexic students' experiences of AT.Materials and methodsNine students with dyslexia were interviewed using a semi-structured framework and a descriptive pattern-based thematic analysis. The students had previously participated in an AT intervention in Sweden.ResultsThree main themes are reported: Contextual factors: facilitators or barriers; Emotional responses in the learning environment; Developing meaningful strategies. The results align with previous research findings that audiobooks are beneficial throughout the school years, while STT is of mixed utility. TTS was mainly used in learning to decode texts. Continued AT use is discussed thematically, concretising experiences connected to schools' multilevel support.ConclusionsThis study can contribute to the development of AT academic practices enriched by users' views. The findings reveal factors enabling or hindering students' continued AT usage. Contextual factors in schools concern organisational elements rather than AT accessibility. Students' emotional responses (using AT in the classroom) are influenced by dyslexia self-acceptance and AT attitudes. Students' understanding of how and why to use AT may limit the development of meaningful strategies. Implications and suggested further research are provided to improve dyslexic students' AT experiences and success in school.

  • 33.
    Almqvist, Kjerstin
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Sweden.
    Bäccman, Charlotte
    Karlstad University, Sweden.
    Anderzén-Carlsson, Agneta
    Norlén, Anna
    Pernebo, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology. Region Kronoberg, Sweden.
    Massoudi, Pamela
    Region Kronoberg, Sweden.
    iRiSk II: Utveckling av bedömningsinstrument och stödinsatser för våldsutsatta barn - rapport fråm två delprojekt2018Report (Other academic)
  • 34.
    Almström, Jenny
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Polisstudenters grad av empati och kulturell orientering.2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Empathy as well as how to relate to others and oneself is an important factor for good police work and communication with citizens. Through a web survey, based on the Basic Empathy Scale-Adults (BES-A) and the Culture Orientation Scale (COS), this study asked 141 police students from all Swedish universities who conduct police education about their self-perceived empathy (affective/cognitive) and cultural orientation (individualism/collectivism). The result showed that the majority had moderate empathy and higher cognitive empathy than affective empathy according to BES-A. In general, the police students had average points at COS. Individualism also gave average points, while collectivism gave high points. Two-way ANOVA showed that women had significant higher empathy than men.

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  • 35.
    ALREFAI, SHATHA
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Murefu, Marron
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Does the intersection of gender and ethnicity of a leader at workplace affect employee perception of leadership suitability?2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Research within discrimination against ethnic minorities and females suggest that members of these groups face discrimination during recruitment processes in organizations. However, less is known on whether leaders from these groups are discriminated against due to their ethnicity and gender by being perceived less suitable as leaders at the workplace. Moreover, most previous research has focused on discrimination and stereotypes of members of single groups rather than of multiple group categories. In this study conducted in Sweden (N=300), we investigate whether the intersection of gender and ethnicity of a leader at the workplace affects employee perception of their leadership suitability and how signaling ethnicity and gender differs for Arab (minority) versus Swedish (majority) and Male (majority) versus Female (minority). The results show clear evidence of ethnic discrimination where a male Arab is less preferred to a leadership position than male Swede. However, there is no evidence indicating discrimination based on gender nor any significant interaction between gender and ethnicity. 

    Keywords: Discrimination, Gender, Ethnicity, Intersectionality, Leadership 

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  • 36.
    Alriksson, Stina
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Biology and Environmental Science.
    Henningsson, Marianne
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Why Aren't Advanced High–Strength Steels More Widely Used?: Stakeholder Preferences and Perceived Barriers to New Materials2015In: Journal of Industrial Ecology, ISSN 1088-1980, E-ISSN 1530-9290, Vol. 19, no 4, p. 645-655Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Advanced high-strength steels may reduce the use of nonrenewable resources and energy given that the amount of material needed is smaller, compared to traditional steel grades. Still, advanced steel grades are not utilized to the extent that could be expected. This study examines stakeholders’ preferences of steel characteristics and perceived barriers to the introduction of new materials. Focus group interviews were used to identify steel characteristics and perceived barriers. Stakeholder preferences of steel characteristics were evaluated through a conjoint analysis; the results showed that low weight was given the highest priority, followed by high impact strength and low price. Low chromium content was the steel characteristic of least interest. Perceived barriers to the introduction of high-strength steel were categorized as technical barriers, knowledge barriers, scrap management barriers, suitability barriers, and cost barriers.

  • 37.
    Alåsen, Mary
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Axhed, Anna
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Underlättande och hindrande faktorer i implementering och vidmakthållande av Child-Parent Psychotherapy i Sverige: En kvalitativ studie med fokus på behandlares erfarenheter2022Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The study aimed to identify facilitating and hindering factors of implementation and sustainability of Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP) in Sweden. The study is a qualitative interview study in a naturalistic context based on semi-structured interviews with 12 CPP-trained therapists. The study’s strategic sampling of participants aimed to achieve sample variation. The collected data was analyzed using Thematic Analysis and resulted in the following four themes: Young trauma-exposed children, Organizational conditions, The significance of support when working with Child-Parent Psychotherapy and The therapist and Child-Parent Psychotherapy. Results indicated that implementation and sustainability of CPP in Sweden was influenced by diverse factors on various levels. Dedicated work to make the patient group accessible, resources, a well-defined assignment, routines for training of new therapists, supervision and support in legal processes were described as facilitating factors for implementation. Results suggest that if the strategic level, organization and therapists share responsibility of implementation, sustainable implementation can be carried out in more organizations and young children's needs of trauma treatment can be met.

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    Underlättande och hindrande faktorer i implementering och vidmakthållande av Child-Parent Psychotherapy i Sverige
  • 38.
    Amarasinghe, Jayathu
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Saying Hejsan or Suffering in Silence?: What experiences do International Students have of mental health issues while studying in Sweden?2018Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to examine international students’ experiences of mental health issues during their studies in Sweden. These experiences are seldom represented in academic literature, and thus this paper aims to recount international students’ experiences of mental health issues, the methods in which they handle those issues and the role that Swedish culture, people and institutions have played in those experiences. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with international students currently enrolled at the Linnaeus University in Växjö, Sweden – and subsequently analyzed through inductive thematic analysis. The results were summarized in four main themes; Acculturation, Mental Health, Under-utilization of Healthcare Facilities and Loneliness. The study concludes that international students may suffer from mental health issues that go undetected by university officials and mental health resources, and that universities may benefit from investing in programs to identify and offer support towards students in general, and international students in particular.

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    Psykologexamensuppsats
  • 39.
    Anderson, Jennifer
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Sahlberg, Helena
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Den emotionella intelligensens betydelse för konflikthantering hos studenter2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The relationship between emotional intelligence and conflict management is an area, which is relatively poorly researched especially in a university environment. In the present study, the effect of level of emotional intelligence on preference for varying styles of conflict management is investigated. The research instruments “The Assessing Emotion Scale” and “The Dutch Test for Conflict Handling” were given to 100 students in order to assess level of emotional intelligence and preference for conflict management style. Results indicated that neither level of emotional intelligence nor conflict management styles were statistically significantly influenced by gender. A strong association between “Problemsolving” and “Compromising” to level of emotional intelligence was seen in women. In men, this association was not seen. The results of this study indicate that styles to resolve conflict were not directly gender related, but rather related to the qualities shown by each individual. Additionally, individuals with a higher level of emotional intelligence preferred “Problemsolving” and “Compromising” in conflict management.

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    Den Emotionella Intelligensens Betydelse För Konflikthantering Hos Studenter
  • 40.
    Andersson Arntén, Ann-Christine
    et al.
    National Police Board.
    Algafoor, Nabeel Abd
    University of Mustansiryah, Irak.
    Al Nima, Ali
    Network for Empowerment and Well-Being.
    Schütz, Erica
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology. Network for Empowerment and Well-Being ; University of Gothenburg.
    Archer, Trevor
    Network for Empowerment and Well-Being ; University of Gothenburg.
    Garcia, Danilo
    Network for Empowerment and Well-Being ; University of Gothenburg.
    Police Personnel Affective Profiles: Differences in Perceptions of the Work Climate and Motivation2016In: Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, ISSN 0882-0783, E-ISSN 1936-6469, Vol. 31, no 1, p. 2-14Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The affective profile model was used to investigate individual differences in police personnel perceptions about the working climate and its influences on motivation. The Positive Affect, Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) was used to assign police personnel, sworn and non-sworn (N = 595), to four affective profiles: self-fulfilling, low affective, high affective, and self-destructive. The work climate was assessed using the Learning Climate Questionnaire (Management Relations and Style, Time, Autonomy and Responsibility, Team Style, Opportunities to Develop, Guidelines on How to do the Job, and Contentedness). Motivation was evaluated using a modified version (to refer specifically to the individual’s work situation) of the Situational Motivation Scale (intrinsic motivation, external regulation, identified regulation, and amotivation). Self-fulfilling individuals scored higher on all work climate dimensions compared to the other three groups. Compared to low positive affect profiles, individuals with profiles of high positive affect scored higher in intrinsic motivation and identified regulation. Self-destructive individuals scored higher in amotivation. Different aspects of the work climate were related to each motivation dimension among affective profiles. Police personnel may react to their work environment depending on their affective profile. Moreover, the extent to which the work influences police personnel’s motivation is also related to the affective profile of the individual. © 2015, The Author(s).

  • 41.
    Andersson, Emma
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Lindroth Mattsson, Mikaela
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Ungas attityder till alkohol och droger: En kvalitativ intervjustudie2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med studien var att undersöka ungas attityder till alkohol och droger. De senaste åren har alkoholkonsumtionen bland unga minskat till historiskt låga nivåer. Ungas attityder till narkotika har blivit mindre negativa de senaste åren, samtidigt som inga stora förändringar har framkommit när det gäller narkotikaanvändning. Kvalitativ metod valdes för denna studies syfte och tolv gymnasieungdomar intervjuades i november 2022. Intervjuerna var semistrukturerade och analyserades med innehållsanalys. Följande teman upptäcktes: Att vilja testa droger i teorin men inte i praktiken, Vuxenvärldens närvaro och frånvaro, Alkohol som underlättare för gemenskap, Kontroll samt Droger – farligt eller roligt? Resultatet visade att unga gör tydlig åtskillnad i sin attityd mellan cannabis och andra illegala droger, där cannabis sågs som betydligt mindre farligt. Vidare visade resultatet att unga i låg utsträckning för samtal om alkohol och droger med vuxna. Även alkoholens funktion i sociala sammanhang framkom, som ett sätt för unga att umgås. Kontroll syntes i denna studie vara viktigt när det kom till alkohol och flera informanter uppgav att de inte vill dricka för mycket, på grund av risken för negativa konsekvenser. Slutligen framkom att informanterna hade en riskmedvetenhet om möjliga negativa effekter av alkohol och droger, men även att de många gånger mötte budskap om att i synnerhet cannabis inte är så farligt. 

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  • 42.
    Andersson, Evelyn
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
    Crowley, James J.
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Univ N Carolina, USA;Univ N Carolina, USA.
    Lindefors, Nils
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
    Ljotsson, Brjann
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Hedman-Lagerlöf, Erik
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Boberg, Julia
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
    El Alaoui, Samir
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
    Karlsson, Robert
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Lu, Yi
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Mattheisen, Manuel
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden;Aarhus Univ, Denmark.
    Kahler, Anna K.
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Svanborg, Cecilia
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
    Mataix-Cols, David
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
    Mattsson, Simon
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
    Forsell, Erik
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
    Kaldo, Viktor
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology. Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
    Schalling, Martin
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Lavebratt, Catharina
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Sullivan, Patrick F.
    Univ N Carolina, USA;Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Ruck, Christian
    Karolinska Institutet, Sweden;Stockholm County Council, Sweden.
    Genetics of response to cognitive behavior therapy in adults with major depression: a preliminary report2019In: Molecular Psychiatry, ISSN 1359-4184, E-ISSN 1476-5578, Vol. 24, no 4, p. 484-490Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Major depressive disorder is heritable and a leading cause of disability. Cognitive behavior therapy is an effective treatment for major depression. By quantifying genetic risk scores based on common genetic variants, the aim of this report was to explore the utility of psychiatric and cognitive trait genetic risk scores, for predicting the response of 894 adults with major depressive disorder to cognitive behavior therapy. The participants were recruited in a psychiatric setting, and the primary outcome score was measured using the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale-Self Rated. Single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping arrays were used to calculate the genomic risk scores based on large genetic studies of six phenotypes: major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, intelligence, and educational attainment. Linear mixed-effect models were used to test the relationships between the six genetic risk scores and cognitive behavior therapy outcome. Our analyses yielded one significant interaction effect (B = 0.09, p < 0.001): the autism spectrum disorder genetic risk score correlated with Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale-Self Rated changes during treatment, and the higher the autism spectrum disorder genetic load, the less the depressive symptoms decreased over time. The genetic risk scores for the other psychiatric and cognitive traits were not related to depressive symptom severity or change over time. Our preliminary results indicated, as expected, that the genomics of the response of patients with major depression to cognitive behavior therapy were complex and that future efforts should aim to maximize sample size and limit subject heterogeneity in order to gain a better understanding of the use of genetic risk factors to predict treatment outcome.

  • 43.
    Andersson, Gabriel
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Engstrand, Jepser
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Undervisningsämne, har det en avgörande roll för lärarens stressnivå?: En kvantitativ studie2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med denna undersökning var att studera ifall det fanns någon skillnad i stressnivå mellan lärare i olika undervisningsämnen. Tidigare forskning visar att lärare i olika ämnen lägger ner olika mycket tid i undervisningsprocessen (planering, undervisning, dokumentation och bedömning/återkoppling). De lärare som undervisar i praktiska ämnen lägger ner 4% mindre tid på undervisningsprocessen i jämförelse med ämneskategori 5 (kategoriöverskridande ämneskombinationer). Studien involverar 139 grundskolelärare från södra Sverige som fick besvara frågeformuläret. Resultatet i studien visar på att det inte finns någon signifikant skillnad i stressnivå hos lärare beroende på undervisningsämne. Slutsatsen är således att ingen hänsyn behöver tas till undervisningsämne för att minska stressnivåerna inom skolan. 

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  • 44.
    Andersson, Gerhard
    et al.
    Linköping University, Sweden;Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
    Käll, Anton
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Juhlin, Simon
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Wahlström, Carl
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Licht, Edvard de Fine
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Färdeman, Simon
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Franck, Anna
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Tholcke, Anna
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Nachtweij, Karin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Fransson, Emma
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Vernmark, Kristofer
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Ludvigsson, Mikael
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Berg, Matilda
    Linköping University, Sweden.
    Free choice of treatment content, support on demand and supervision in internet-delivered CBT for adults with depression: A randomized factorial design trial2023In: Behaviour Research and Therapy, ISSN 0005-7967, E-ISSN 1873-622X, Vol. 162, article id 104265Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Even if much is known regarding the effects of internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) for depression there are several topics that have not been studied. In this factorial design trial with 197 participants we investigated if clients in ICBT could select treatment modules themselves based on a selection of 15 tailored treatment modules developed for use in ICBT for depression. We contrasted this against clinician-tailored module selection. We also investigated if support on demand (initiated by the client) could work as well as scheduled support. Finally, we tested if clients that were mentioned in supervision would improve more than clients not mentioned (with the exception of acute cases). The treatment period lasted for 10 weeks, and we measured effects at post-treatment and two-year follow-up. Measures of depression and secondary outcomes were collected at pre-treatment, post-treatment and two-year follow-up. Overall, within-group effects were large across con-ditions (e.g., d = 1.73 on the BDI-II). We also found a small but significant difference in favour of self-tailored treatment over clinician-tailored (d = 0.26). Within-group effects for the secondary measures were all moderate to large including a test of knowledge about CBT. The other two contrasts "support on demand" and "supervision" yielded mostly non-significant differences, with the exception of a larger dropout rate in the support on demand condition. There were few negative effects (2.2%). Effects were largely maintained at a two-year follow-up. We conclude that clients can choose treatment modules and that support on demand may work. The role of su-pervision is not yet clear as advice can be transferred across clients.

  • 45.
    Andersson, Hugo
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Nilsson, Alexander
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Samband mellan emotionsreglering och substansbruk i en rättspsykiatrisk population2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Emotional regulation has in recent years gained more attention and support as a factor associated with substance use. However, to the authors knowledge, no research has examined the association between emotional regulation and substance use in a forensic psychiatric sample. The aims of this study were to describe substance use and examine associations between emotional regulation and substance use in a sample of forensic psychiatric patients. Participants (N = 98; 13% female) were recruited from a cohort of forensic psychiatric patients in Sweden from 2016-11-01 to 2020-11-30. 

    Data were collected through file information, self-reports and complemented with semi-structured interviews. The study used descriptive data to report the use of substances within the sample. Furthermore, the study used the instrument Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS) to examine the participants' emotional dysregulation. To measure substance use, the authors used age of onset of substance consumption and the number of substances tested as variables. Correlational matrices were used to explore the association between emotional regulation and substance use. 

    The results showed that 64.3% of the participants had at some point been diagnosed with SUD. Furthermore, 79.5 % of the sample had at some point used cannabis and had to a large extent used other substances. No significant associations were found between emotional regulation and substance use. The result goes against previous research, methodological differences may cause this contradiction. Another possible explanation is that the participants had other common and influential experiences in relation to emotional regulation that influenced the result.

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    Samband mellan substansbruk och emotionsreglering i en rättspsykiatrisk population
  • 46.
    Andersson, Ida
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Carlzon, Victoria
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Gymnasieelevers upplevelse av akademisk motivation: En kvalitativ intervjustudie2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med föreliggande kvalitativa studie var att utforska svenska gymnasieelevers upplevel­ser av vad som engagerar och motiverar dem i studierna, även benämnt akademisk motivation. Syftet undersöktes genom åtta semi­strukturerade intervjuer vilka analyserades utifrån tematisk innehållsanalys. Studiens deltag­are utgjordes av sex unga kvinnor och två unga män som rekryterades från två olika gym­nasie­skolor i Södra Sverige. Deltagarna gick i årskurs tre på gymnasiet och läste olika teoretiskt inriktade program. Analysen resulterade i fem teman, vilka svarade mot föreliggande studies syfte: Gemenskap, Medvind, Leverera, Motgång och Lärarens påverkan. Deltagarna upplevde att en känsla av till­hör­ighet var viktigt för motivationen, där kompis­stöd, familjestöd och lärarstöd bidrog med ökad lust till lärande. Det var därtill essen­tiellt för den akademiska motivationen att det förelåg ett intresse för det studerade ämnet samt att deltagarna upplevde att deras arbetsinsatser lönade sig, främst i form av bra betyg. Resultatet indikerade även att deltagarna upplevde motivation när de enkelt förstod det undervisningen behandlade, samt när de fick tid att bearbeta de nya kun­skap­­erna. Förväntningar från om­givningen och krav på sig själv var förknippade med känslor av press och stress och för­sämrade upplevelsen av deltagarnas akademiska motivation. I resul­tatet framkom även att deltagarna upplevde lärarens engagemang som viktigt för en positiv in­ställ­ning till studierna. Betyg visade sig vara motivationshöjande men i de fall då de inte mot­svar­ade informanternas förväntningar gav det även upphov till stress. Resultatet som framkom i föreliggande studie stödjs sammantaget av tidigare forskning. 

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  • 47.
    Andersson, Linda
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Björklund Johansson, Åsa
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Psykisk hälsa och LCHF: Kvantitativ enkätundersökning av psykiskt välbefinnande och psykiskt hälsotillstånd i en grupp som äter LCHF.2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the study was to investigate mental health and mental

    well-being in a group eating LCHF (Low Carb High Fat). In the study, 246

    people recruited from interest groups about LCHF on Facebook

    participated. The participants were divided into two groups by how strictly

    and how long they had eaten LCHF. The study was conducted as a

    questionnaire survey. Mental well-being and impaired mental well-being

    were investigated with GHQ-12. Mental health status was investigated with

    self-assessed retrospective pre- and post-measurement. The results of

    impaired mental well-being were compared with the The Public Health

    Agency of Swedens national population value.

    The results showed that both LCHF groups estimated their mental

    health status significantly better after LCHF diet than before. The entire

    LCHF group estimated its impaired mental well-being significantly better

    than the Swedish population. The results indicate that LCHF diet has a

    positive impact on mental health and well-being.

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  • 48.
    Andersson, Lova
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Aronsson, Linnéa
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Livet efter arbetslivet: en kvalitativ intervjustudie2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Retirement is something all workers will face sooner or later. The purpose of this qualitative interview study was to investigate the subjective experience of the transition between working life and retirement of retirees, and workers in the transition phase as well as how the physical, mental and social health is affected by retiring. The purpose was investigated through twelve semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed using a thematic content analysis. The participants consisted of nine men and three women, who represented a pensioner activity and a company in a smaller city in the south of Sweden. There were six participants in each group. The thematic analysis resulted in three themes, which responded to the purpose of the study: Ambivalent curiosity, Relationships and Health. Subthemes have also been identified; Role conflict, Own terms, Engagement, To feel meaning and Activities. The participants had different experiences regarding the transition phase and the adaptation to retirement, and an ambivalent curiosity emerged. The participants further felt that relationships were important and functioned as support during and after the transition, and good health was a key factor for a successful retirement. Overall, the results were consistent with previous research.

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    Livet efter arbetslivet
  • 49.
    Andersson, Malin
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Varför är du lärare?: En kvalitativ studie rörande yrkesverksamma lärares motivation2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 50.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Strömberg, Niklas
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Personlighetsfaktorer och attityder gentemot klienter bland kriminalvårdspersonal: En kvantitativ enkätstudie2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to investigate correctional employees’ attitudes towards prisoners and correctional clients in relation to the employees’ own personality, as well as other factors, such as gender, age and years of employment. Using the big-five-inventory-10 and attitudes towards prisoners-scale to study 83 Swedish correctional employees, a correlation(r = 0.352, p = 0.001) was found between the personality trait agreeableness and a more positive attitude towards prisoners. It was also found that female correctional employees in general had a more positive attitude than males (Cohen’s d = 0.755, p < 0.001), and preliminary findings suggested that younger correctional employees might be more likely to hold either extremely positive or extremely negative views of prisoners, compared to older correctional employees. 

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