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  • 1.
    Abdallah, Wissam
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies.
    Vad är rättvisa?: En undersökning om vem eller vilka Platons teori riktar sig till2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Plato´s Republic is maybe the most widely read philosophical work of all times. It is the earliest surviving, systematic utopia in Europe´s history and continues to inspire people today. But who did Plato want to address with his work and why? In this paper I will discuss these issues. My thesis is that Plato wanted to direct his Republic to people, men and women, who have a good character and love wisdom in order to make them to think radically differently from the traditional norms. If these would-be philosophers could challenge the old-fashioned way of seeing things they could take the lead to establish a just society. I will also discuss critically two alternative approaches from other philosophers.

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  • 2.
    Abebe, Henok Girma
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Philosophy and History, Philosophy.
    Road Safety Policy in Addis Ababa: A Vision Zero PerspectiveManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, the Addis Ababa city road safety work is examined and analysed based on the Vision Zero approach to road safety. Government policy documents and available research on the state of road safety in the city are explored and assessed in terms of how they compare with Vision Zero, concerning how road safety problems are conceptualized, the responsibility ascriptions promoted, the nature of goal setting with regards to road safety objectives, and the specific road safety interventions promoted. It is concluded that there is a big difference between the Vision Zero approach to road safety and the Addis Ababa road safety approach in terms how road safety problems are framed and how responsibility ascriptions are made. In Addis Ababa, road safety problems are mainly viewed as individual road user problems and, hence, the responsibility for traffic safety extended to other system components such as the vehicle and road design is very limited. It is argued that in order to find and secure long-term solutions for traffic safety in the city, a paradigm shift is needed, both regarding what are perceived to be the main causes of road safety problems in the city and who should be responsible for ensuring that road fatalities and injuries are prevented.

  • 3.
    Abebe, Henok Girma
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Philosophy and History, Philosophy.
    The Rationality and Moral Acceptability of Vision Zero Goal and Its Interventions2021Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This licentiate thesis discusses moral issues associated with road safety work, with a particular emphasis on the Vision Zero (VZ) goal and its interventions. The licentiate thesis contains three articles and an introduction that briefly discusses issues and arguments presented in the articles.

    The first article, identifies, systematically categorizes and evaluates arguments against VZ. Moral, operational, and rationality related criticisms against the adoption and implementation of VZ are identified and discussed.

     The second article in this thesis seeks to reconcile the methods of Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) and VZ in road safety decision making. CBA has been and still is a major decision making tool in road transport and traffic safety work. However, proponents of VZ question the use of CBA in road safety and transport decision making on methodological and ethical grounds. In this paper, we locate the philosophical roots of the conflicting views promoted by proponents of CBA and VZ. Then we try to identify ways through which the two methods can be made compatible.

    The third and final paper uses VZ as a normative framework to explore and analyse the Addis Ababa road safety work. The aim of the paper is twofold. First, the paper seeks to examine how road safety problems are actually understood by those responsible for road safety at the local level. To this end, government policy documents, reports and other relevant sources where consulted to identify how road safety problems are framed, who is assigned responsibility for addressing road safety problems and through what interventions. Second, the paper aims to examine road safety work in the city from a normative point of view, i.e., what is the best, or most adequate, way of framing the problem, and who should be given the responsibility for addressing the problem and by what measures. It is argued that enhancing road safety in the city requires adopting a broader view of causes of road safety problems, and emphasizing the responsibility of actors that shape the design and operation of the traffic system and the safety of its components.

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  • 4.
    Abebe, Henok Girma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Philosophy and History, Philosophy.
    Hansson, Sven Ove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Philosophy and History of Technology, Philosophy.
    Can Cost Benefit Analysis and Vision Zero be Reconciled?Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and Vision Zero are often considered to be incompatible approaches to road traffic safety. The discord between the two can be traced back to basic incompatibilities between utilitarian and deontological modes of moral thinking. However, both have something to contribute. CBA is an expression of the reasonable principle that the resources available for improving traffic safety should be used as efficiently as possible, and Vision Zero expresses the equally reasonable principle that deaths and serious injuries in road traffic are always unacceptable. The two can be reconciled, if due attention is paid to the fact that Vision Zero accepts temporary compromises, albeit not end-goal compromises, and the efficiency analysis of CBA is disassociated from claims of optimality. We propose two ways to reconcile the two approaches. First, the results of a CBA can be presented not only for the currently used life-value but also for alternative, higher life-values. Secondly, essentially the same information can be presented in the form of cost-effectiveness safety analysis (CESA), which reports the economic costs per life saved. We propose that a CESA should be performed for all road traffic projects, not only those that have safety improvement as their main objective. In this way, an economically informed total overview of the impact of Vision Zero in traffic safety can be obtained.

  • 5.
    Abebe, Henok Girma
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Philosophy and History, Philosophy.
    Hansson, Sven Ove
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Philosophy and History, Philosophy.
    Edvardsson Björnberg, Karin
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Philosophy and History, Philosophy.
    Arguments against Vision Zero: A Literature Review2022In: The Vision Zero Handbook: Theory, Technology and Management for a Zero Casualty Policy / [ed] Edvardsson Björnberg, K., Belin, M-Å., Tingvall, C., Hansson, S. O., Switzerland: Springer Nature, 2022, 1, p. 107-149Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite Vision Zero’s moral appeal and its expansion throughout the world, it has been criticized on different grounds. This chapter is based on an extensive literature search for criticism of Vision Zero, using the bibliographic databases Philosopher’s Index, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Phil Papers, and by following the references in the collected documents. Even if the primary emphasis was on Vision Zero in road traffic, our search also included documents criticizing Vision Zero policies in other safety areas, such as public health, the construction and mining industries, and workplaces in general. Based on the findings, we identify and systematically characterize and classify the major arguments that have been put forward against Vision Zero. The most important arguments against Vision Zero can be divided into three major categories: moral arguments, arguments concerning the (goalsetting) rationality of Vision Zero, and arguments aimed at the practical implementation of the goals. We also assess the arguments. Of the thirteen identified main arguments, six were found to be useful for a constructive discussion on safety improvements.

  • 6.
    Abid Al Shaybany, Farah
    University College Stockholm, Stockholm School of Human Rights and Democracy, Department of Human Rights and Democracy.
    Responsibility to Protect: En studie om hur R2P och problematiken med implementeringen av den principen2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This study is about the principle “Responsibility to Protect” and its implementation in several countries. The purpose of this study is to examine why the implementation of “Responsibility to Protect” has been used differently in similar situations. To limit my study I have chosen to examine two countries that have two different results on similar issues. I have chosen to study the conflict/civil war in Libya and Syria. The reason why I have chosen these countries is because these conflicts have similar causes and similar history, but how the international community responded differently and has argued various. This study will also highlight and observe the difficulties that the principle faces. For example the veto right in the united nation security council, and also the principle of sovereignty. At the end of this study I discuss the principle in general, what I think about it and how the principle “Responsibility to Protect” can be improved itself and develop to be more powerful and fulfill its purpose, to Protect civilians from genocide, crime against humanity and towards war crime.

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    C-uppsats
  • 7.
    Abrahamsson, Christian
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social and Economic Geography.
    Abrahamsson, Sebastian
    Oxford University, School of Geography.
    Kreativiteten och socialisationen2007In: Reclaim the Science!: Om vetenskapens avakademisering, Hedemora: Gidlund , 2007, p. 81-97Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract
  • 8.
    Abrahamsson, Christoffer
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Department of Theology. Johannelunds Teologiska Högskola.
    En trumslagare för freden!: En kritisk granskning av Martin Luther King Jr:s ickevåldsideologi2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this Master thesis is to give an account of and review the ideology yhat King presented through his preaching, speeches and other sources. The metod I have chosen for this purpose is to systematize King’s ideology and the to critically analyze it. When doing so I have discoverd that King’s non-violent ideology is coherent, but that his argumentation is somewhat defective, especially when examing its plausibility.                      King’s non-violence ideology was based on a theocentric wordview and a natural law pholosophy. He tought that all men are created in the image of God and that all humans have the possibility to do good. King’s non-violence ideology is based on active resistance where people use love and civil disobedience as tools to enforce subversive changes. King was against all types of violent actions and stated that violence never leads to sustainable change, that violence is immoral and unworthy of any human. King also said that non-violence is the only way to combat societal problems in a long-term perspective.

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    Christoffer Abrahamsson
  • 9.
    Abreu Zavaleta, Martin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies.
    Disagreement Lost2021In: Synthese, ISSN 0039-7857, E-ISSN 1573-0964, Vol. 199, no 1-2, p. 1899-1932Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper develops a puzzle about non-merely-verbal disputes. At first sight, it would seem that a dispute over the truth of an utterance is not merely verbal only if there is a proposition that the parties to the dispute take the utterance under dispute to express, which one of the parties accepts and the other rejects. Yet, as I argue, it is extremely rare for ordinary disputes over an utterance’s truth to satisfy this condition, in which case non-merely verbal disputes are extremely rare. After examining various responses to the puzzle, I outline a solution using the framework of truthmaker semantics.

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  • 10.
    Abreu Zavaleta, Martin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies.
    Gómez-Torrente on reference to ordinary substances2020In: Manuscrito, ISSN 0100-6045, E-ISSN 2317-630X, Vol. 43, no 4, p. 97-107Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    According to the Kripke-Putnam orthodoxy, a term like 'water' refers to samples of the same substance as the items on the basis of which the term was introduced. However, observations due to Needham (2000) and Leslie (2013) cast doubt on the idea that there is a uniquely privileged notion of substance relevant to the determination of reference, in which case it would seem at best indeterminate what the word `water' refers to. In response to this problem, Gómez-Torrente (2019) has argued that there is a privileged notion of substance that plays a role in the determination of reference, namely, the ordinary notion of substance. This paper argues that Gómez-Torrente's proposal is not successful. Contrary to what Gómez-Torrente supposes, there is no uniquely privileged ordinary notion of substance; rather, there are many notions of substance compatible with the meaning of 'substance' none of which seems privileged over the rest.

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  • 11.
    Adam, Jonsson
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    On permutations and equity among generationsIn: Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In the literature on intergenerational justice, there is a widely held view that in order to live up to the utilitarian ideal of equal regard for all individuals, including those who have not yet been born, we must impose infinite permutation invariance conditions known as axioms of extended anonymity. I argue that such conditions do not bear relevance to the utilitarian ideal. I do so by showing that all examples that have been used to motivate extended anonymity axioms can be accounted for with an alternative principle that is supported independently.

  • 12.
    Adami, Rebecca
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Hållander, Marie
    Stockholm University, Sweden.
    Testimony and Narrative as a Political Relation: the Question of Ethical Judgment in Education2015In: Journal of Philosophy of Education, ISSN 0309-8249, E-ISSN 1467-9752, Vol. 49, no 1, p. 1-13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, we explore the role of film in educational settings and argue that testimony and narrative are dependent upon each other for developing ethical judgments. We use the film 12 Angry Men to enhance our thesis that the emotional response that sometimes is intended in using film as testimonies in classrooms requires a specific listening; a listening that puts pupils at risk when they relate testimonies to their own life narratives. The article raises the importance of listening in training narrative ethos in relation to violence witnessed in film. The article contributes by enhancing an understanding of a relational dimension to testimony and narrative, which, in an Arendtian sense, is also put forward as a political relation.

  • 13.
    Adami, Rebecca
    et al.
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Education.
    Hållander, Marie
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Education.
    Testimony and Narrative as a Political Relation: the Question of Ethical Judgment in Education2015In: Journal of Philosophy of Education, ISSN 0309-8249, E-ISSN 1467-9752, Vol. 49, no 1, p. 1-13Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, we explore the role of film in educational settings and argue that testimony and narrative are dependent upon each other for developing ethical judgments. We use the film 12 Angry Men to enhance our thesis that the emotional response that sometimes is intended in using film as testimonies in classrooms requires a specific listening; a listening that puts pupils at risk when they relate testimonies to their own life narratives. The article raises the importance of listening in training narrative ethos in relation to violence witnessed in film. The article contributes by enhancing an understanding of a relational dimension to testimony and narrative, which, in an Arendtian sense, is also put forward as a political relation.

  • 14. Adler, Mortimer J.
    Konsten att läsa med penna2016In: Poros, Vol. 1, no 1, p. 84-91Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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  • 15.
    Afzelius, Fredrik Georg
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy.
    Dissertatio Aristotelicam summi boni notionem exponens. Quam venia ampl. facult. philos. Upsal. p. p. ... Fredericus Georgius Afzelius stip. reg. Caroli Johannis et Carolus Andreas Kullberg Vestrogothus. In audit. Gustav. die XI Decembris MDCCCXXXVII ... p. V.1837Dissertation (older thesis) (Other academic)
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  • 16.
    Afzelius, Fredrik Georg
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy.
    Dissertatio Aristotelicam summi boni notionem exponens. Quam venia ampl. facult. philos. Upsal. p. p. ... Fredericus Georgius Afzelius stip. reg. Caroli Johannis et Elias Samuel Engelbertus Grenander Vestrogothus stip. Victorin. In audit. Gustav. die IX Decembris MDCCCXXXVII ... p. IV.1837Dissertation (older thesis) (Other academic)
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  • 17.
    Afzelius, Fredrik Georg
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy.
    Dissertatio Aristotelicam summi boni notionem exponens. Quam venia ampl. facult. philos. Upsal. p. p. ... Fredericus Georgius Afzelius stip. reg. Caroli Johannis et Johannes Ericus Fant stip. Leijel. Roslago-Uplandi. In audit. Gustav. die VI Decembris MDCCCXXXVII ... p. I.1837Dissertation (older thesis) (Other academic)
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  • 18.
    Afzelius, Fredrik Georg
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy.
    Dissertatio Aristotelicam summi boni notionem exponens. Quam venia ampl. facult. philos. Upsal. p. p. ... Fredericus Georgius Afzelius stip. reg. Caroli Johannis et Martinus Christianus Jungmarker Vestrogothus. In audit. Gustav. die XI Decembris MDCCCXXXVII ... p. VI.1837Dissertation (older thesis) (Other academic)
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  • 19.
    Afzelius, Fredrik Georg
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy.
    Dissertatio Aristotelicam summi boni notionem exponens. Quam venia ampl. facult. philos. Upsal. p. p. ... Fredericus Georgius Afzelius stip. reg. Caroli Johannis et Mauriz Ferdinandus Ösell stip. Possieth. Roslago-Uplandi. In audit. Gustav. die VI Decembris MDCCCXXXVII ... p. II.1837Dissertation (older thesis) (Other academic)
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  • 20.
    Afzelius, Fredrik Georg
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy.
    Dissertatio Aristotelicam summi boni notionem exponens. Quam venia ampl. facult. philos. Upsal. p. p. ... Fredericus Georgius Afzelius stip. reg. Caroli Johannis et Petrus Sveno Willgott Lundblad Vestrogothus. In audit. Gustav. die XI Decembris MDCCCXXXVII ... p. VII.1837Dissertation (older thesis) (Other academic)
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  • 21.
    Afzelius, Fredrik Georg
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy.
    Dissertatio Aristotelicam summi boni notionem exponens. Quam venia ampl. facult. philos. Upsal. p. p. ... Fredericus Georgius Afzelius stip. reg. Caroli Johannis et Vilhelmus Ekblom stip Nessel. Roslago-Uplandi. In audit. Gustav. die IX Decembris MDCCCXXXVII ... p. III.1837Dissertation (older thesis) (Other academic)
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  • 22.
    Afzelius, Fredrik Georg
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy.
    Framställning af den philosophiska methodens utveckling från Kant till Hegel. Academisk afhandling hvilken ... under inseende af Mag. Fredrik Georg Afzelius ... till offentlig granskning framställes af författaren Axel Nyblæus stip. Josephin, uppländning på gustavianska lärosalen d. 20 febr. 1850 ... 1.1841Dissertation (older thesis) (Other academic)
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  • 23.
    Afzelius, Fredrik Georg
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Philosophy.
    Framställning af den philosophiska methodens utveckling från Kant till Hegel. Academisk afhandling hvilken ... under inseende af Mag. Fredrik Georg Afzelius ... till offentlig granskning framställes af författaren Axel Nyblæus stip. Josephin, uppländning på gustavianska lärosalen den 16 april 1851 ... 2.1841Dissertation (older thesis) (Other academic)
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  • 24.
    Agamalova, Medeya
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies.
    Klimat och Rättvisa: Varierande grader av utsatthet för klimatförändringar2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    It is widely recognized that changes in climate have an effect on people all around the world.There is also data supporting the claim that people are affected differently based on their ability (or lack thereof) to handle the imposed risks. The degree of ability can also determine whether adaptation and mitigation measures will be successful. This thesis discusses a few climate justice theories and principles to settle on those that can handle the variety in degrees of imposed risks. Arguments against isolated treatment of greenhouse gas emissions are drawn from discussion of the per capita principle. It is also argued that ideas about justice ought to be included into the theories and principles which guide international agreements. It is also shown that the absence of an account of historical responsibility ignores important considerations. Arguments against the rival account of Posner and Weisbach further strengthens the defended view.

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  • 25. Agamben, Giorgio
    et al.
    Rancière, Jacques
    Badiou, Alain
    Nancy, Jean-Luc
    Bensaid, Daniel
    Zizek, Slavoj
    Brown, Wendy
    Ross, Kristin
    Vad innebär det att vara demokrat?2010Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Finns det någon mening med att kalla sig "demokrat" i en samtid där praktiskt taget alla kallar sig demokrater? Kan ett begrepp som tycks kunna betyda både allt och inget fortfarande ha ett meningsfullt politiskt innehåll? I föreliggande bok åtar sig några av vår tids mest namnkunniga politiska teoretiker att besvara denna provokativa fråga. Svaren de presenterar formuleras utifrån skilda utgångspunkter och leder i flera fall till helt olika slutsatser. Samtidigt förenas de alla av ett gemensamt grundantagande: "demokrati" kan inte vara namnet på en redan förverkligad samhällsmodell eller en metod för att med jämna mellanrum utse politiska ledare. Tvärtom fortsätter demokratibegreppet att vara föremål för kamp och fungera som kärna åt politikens mest centrala frågor.

  • 26.
    Agell, Fredrik
    Stockholm University.
    Frågan efter livets mening: om kunskap och konst i Nietzsches tänkande2002Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
  • 27.
    Agevall, Ola
    Växjö University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Social Sciences.
    A Science of Unique Events: Max Weber's Methodology of the Cultural Sciences1999Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
  • 28.
    Agevall, Ola
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Studies.
    Heinrich Rickert och vetenskapsläran2013In: Kulturvetenskap och naturvetenskap / [ed] Heinrich Rickert / Ola Agevall, Göteborg: Daidalos, 2013, p. 7-32Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 29.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    A Critical Comment on Collste2011In: Public Health Ethics, ISSN 1754-9973, E-ISSN 1754-9981, Vol. 4, no 2, p. 203-205Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This article claims that the account of specification as a way to solve conflicts between rights, suggested by Göran Collste, is unsatisfactory. It is argued that specification is not a solution on its own, but is better described as a remedy in response to a political failure.

  • 30.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Arts and Humanities. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    A Secular State?2010In: Identity and pluralism : ethnicity, religion and values / [ed] Göran Collste, Linköping: LiU-Tryckk , 2010, p. 80-102Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 31.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Arts and Humanities. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Lunds universitet.
    Bör den liberala staten privilegiera religion i samhället?2013In: Tidskrift för politisk filosofi, ISSN 1402-2710, E-ISSN 2002-3383, Vol. 17, no 3, p. 1-21Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Det anses ofta att en liberal stat måste förhålla sig neutral till religiösa element i samhället. Att bryta mot neutralitetskravet och därmed privilegiera religiösa element i samhället är uteslutet, hävdas det, eftersom ett sådant privilegierande skulle innebära att man medvetet gynnar en grupp uppfattningar om det goda livet – vilket skulle vara synnerligen icke-liberalt.

    I den här artikeln ifrågasätts det neutralitetskrav som åläggs den liberala staten. Istället försvaras idén att en liberal stat i vissa fall kan ha en prima facie skyldighet att privilegiera vissa religiösa element i samhället. I artikeln presenteras tre villkor som måste vara uppfyllda för att ett avsteg från neutralitetskravet ska vara rättfärdigat.

    Efter en kortare diskussion om den relevanta empiriska forskningen konkluderas att en liberal stat i vissa fall är berättigad att privilegiera religiösa element i samhället utan att därmed kompromissa med sin liberala status.

  • 32.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    En rimlig samvetsklausul2016In: Tidskrift för politisk filosofi, ISSN 1402-2710, E-ISSN 2002-3383, Tidskrift för politisk filosofi, ISSN 2002-3383Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 33.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Arts and Humanities. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Introduktion2013In: Varför inte Socialism? och Om den egalitära rättvisans valuta / [ed] G. A. Cohen, Daidalos, 2013Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 34.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Arts and Humanities. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    Michael Sandel: What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets2014In: Tidskrift för politisk filosofi, ISSN 1402-2710, E-ISSN 2002-3383, Vol. 18, no 1, p. 37-44Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 35.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    University of Borås, Faculty of Librarianship, Information, Education and IT.
    Mixing Interest and Control?: Assessing Peter Vallentyne’s Hybrid Theory of Rights2015In: Philosophia, ISSN 0048-3893, E-ISSN 1574-9274, Vol. 43, no 4, p. 933-949Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The relationship between libertarianism and state is a contested one. Despite pressing full and strict ownership of one’s person and any justly acquired goods, many libertarians have suggested ways in which a state, albeit limited, can be regarded as just. Peter Vallentyne has proposed that all plausible versions of libertarianism are compatible with what he calls ‘private-law states’. His proposal is underpinned by a particular conception of rights, which brings Interest Theory of rights and Will Theory of rights together. If convincing, Vallentyne’s theory of rights enables libertarians to accommodate a limited but nevertheless coercive state that can act without the full consent of the affected citizen. In this paper, it is argued that Vallentyne’s hybrid theory of rights is implausible from a libertarian perspective as well as fails to align itself with common and deeply held moral intuitions. Hence the conflict between mainstream libertarianism and the state is not solved by Vallentyne’s proposal.

  • 36.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Quality of Government and the Treatment of Immigrants2013In: Ecumenical Review Sibiu / Revista Ecumenica Sibiu, ISSN 2065-5940, Vol. 5, no 1, p. 25-41Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Normative questions concerning the treatment of immigrants can be approached from various perspectives: consequentialistic, deontological, fairness-based, rectificatory, or similar. In this paper, the implications of the idea of quality of government for the treatment of immigrants are examined. It is argued that an acceptable definition of quality of governance includes a principle of beneficence, which prescribes a beneficial treatment of immigrants whenever laws and policies allow. The principle, which is not novel in itself, is presented in a more specified form and is provided with a philosophical justification.

  • 37.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Quality of Government: Toward a More Complex Definition2013In: American Political Science Review, ISSN 0003-0554, E-ISSN 1537-5943, Vol. 107, no 3, p. 433-445Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Concepts such as “quality of government” and “good governance” refer to a desired character of the exercise of public authority. Recently the interest in good governance, the quality of government, and similar concepts has increased considerably. However, despite this increasing interest and use, an adequate definition of the concept of quality of government has proved difficult to find. This article criticizes recent attempts at such a definition and proposes an alternative, more complex definition that includes moral content and also encompasses a plurality of values and virtues at its core. An acceptable definition of the quality of governance must be consistent with the demands of a public ethos, the virtues of good decision making and reason giving, the rule of law, efficiency, stability, and a principle of beneficence. The article describes these components in detail and the relations among them.

  • 38.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Reassessing Walzer’s social criticism2012In: Philosophy & Social Criticism, ISSN 0191-4537, E-ISSN 1461-734X, Vol. 38, no 9, p. 917-937Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    It is often argued that Michael Walzer's theory of social criticism, which underpins his theory of justice, is not much of a theory at all, but rather an impressionistic collection of historical anecdotes. Contrary to this perception, I argue that Walzer's method can be accurately described as a version of John Rawls' well-known method of wide reflective equilibrium. Through a systematic comparison it can be shown that the two methods are strikingly similar. This implies that, far from the critics' claim, Walzer's method can be described as a philosophically sophisticated method. This also adds credibility to Walzer's views on politics and justice.

  • 39.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication. Linköping University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences.
    The Ethics of Free Soloing2010In: Climbing: because it's there / [ed] Stephen E. Schmid, Wiley-Blackwell, 2010, p. 158-168Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 40.
    Agnafors, Marcus
    Lund University, Sweden .
    When Do We Share Moral Norms?2012In: Journal of Value Inquiry, ISSN 0022-5363, E-ISSN 1573-0492, Vol. 46, no 3, p. 303-315Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 41.
    Agrell, Göran & Ulfvarson, Barbro
    Uppsala University, Humanistisk-samhällsvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Theology, Department of Theology.
    Födkrok eller livsmening. Om arbete och arbetslöshet1995Book (Other scientific)
    Abstract [en]

    En studiebok om synen på arbete och arbetslöshet hos några klassiska filosofer och i bibliskt material. Eftersom synen på arbete och arbetslöshet påverkas av människosyn, samhällssyn, synen på makten och livstron presenteras också mycket kort några teorie

  • 42.
    Aguiar, Daniella
    et al.
    Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brazil.
    Atã, Pedro
    Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brazil.
    Queiroz, João
    Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Brazil.
    Creativity as niche construction and some examples in theatrical dance2017In: Annals of the X Brazilian International Meeting on Cognitive Science - EBICC 2015 / [ed] J. E. Kogler; O. F. Pessoa Jr.; J. A. de Moraes, Sociedade Brasileira de Ciencia Cognitiva - SBCC , 2017Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Creativity can be regarded as a property of semiotic resource exploration and niche construction. More specifically, and according to this perspective, creativity is distributed, in cognitive niches, as opportunities for niche-construction. Artistic cognitive niches represent established ways to exploit available artistic semiotic resources. When such opportunities are explored so that new relations between cognition and artistic semiotic resources are established (i.e., the artistic cognitive niche is constructed), then creativity is observed. This process of niche construction involves the transformation of problem spaces ("a branching-tree of achievable situations") through the exploration of cognitive artifacts (in dance, for example, softwares, techniques, equipments such as dance shoes, stage, dance and music notations). Our approach is supported by specific examples in history. In each of these examples, the introduction of artifacts changed not only how to make dance, but also the very concept of dance, opening opportunities for the exploration of new niches.

  • 43.
    Agulanna, Christopher
    Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Centre for Applied Ethics.
    Informed Consent in Sub-Saharan African Communal Culture: The2008Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Magister), 20 points / 30 hpStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Some scholars argue that the principle of voluntary informed consent is rooted in the Western ethos of liberal individualism; that it would be difficult to implement this requirement in societies where the norms of decision-making emphasize collective rather than individual decision-making (for example, Sub-Saharan Africa); that it would amount to “cultural imperialism” to seek to implement the principle of voluntary informed consent in non-Western societies. This thesis rejects this skepticism about the possibility of implementing the informed consent requirement in non-Western environments and argues that applying the principle of voluntary informed consent in human subjects’ research in Sub-Saharan African communal culture could serve as an effective measure to protect vulnerable subjects from possible abuses or exploitations. The thesis proposes the “multi-step” approach to informed consent as the best approach to the implementation of the principle in the African communal setting. The thesis argues that the importance of the “multi-step” approach lies in the fact that it is one that is sensitive to local culture and customs. On the question of whether the principle of voluntary informed consent should be made compulsory in research, the thesis answers that we have no choice in the matter.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 44.
    Ahamadu, Ibrahim
    Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Centre for Applied Ethics.
    Intellectual Property Rights: A Barricade to Technological Development. An Ethical Analysis on the Less Developed Countries2003Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Debate over Intellectual Property Rights ‘IPRs’ particularly patent and copyrights is mainly on forward-looking industries in computer software. As part of a trade deal reached in 1994, the member nations of the World Trade Organisation must adhere to a global agreement known as TRIPS, for the Trade- Related Aspect of Intellectual Property Rights.

    This study is to analyse the ethical conception of Intellectual Property Rights and in particular its implications on the developing countries in relation to TRIPS. The approach will be to analyse a broad philosophical theories of property to see if there is any justification for a software program to be treated as private property and also argue base on John Rawls two principles of justice in relation to TRIPS Agreement. Some reflections will be put on the use of open-source software by less developing countries.

    From the study it was asserted that, strong IPRs protection would hinder technological transfer and indigenous learning activities in the early stage of industrialisation when learning takes place through reverse engineering. And policy makers should consider differentiation in terms of the level of economic and industrial development, if protection and enforcement of IPRs is intended to enhance technological development.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 45.
    Ahlberg, Per
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Evolutionary Organism Biology. Evolutionär organismbiologi.
    Tankefrihet eller pseudovetenskap?2005Other (Other (popular scientific, debate etc.))
  • 46.
    Ahlberg, Per
    Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology. Uppsala University, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga vetenskapsområdet, Faculty of Science and Technology, Biology, Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Evolutionary Organism Biology. Evolutionär organismbiologi.
    Tro, vetande och tankefrihet.2005Other (Other (popular scientific, debate etc.))
  • 47.
    Ahlenius, Henrik
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Philosophy.
    Moral Lessons from Psychology: Contemporary Themes in Psychological Research and their Relevance for Ethical Theory2020Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The thesis investigates the implications for moral philosophy of research in psychology. In addition to an introduction and concluding remarks, the thesis consists of four chapters, each exploring various more specific challenges or inputs to moral philosophy from cognitive, social, personality, developmental, and evolutionary psychology. Chapter 1 explores and clarifies the issue of whether or not morality is innate. The chapter’s general conclusion is that evolution has equipped us with a basic suite of emotions that shape our moral judgments in important ways. Chapter 2 presents and investigates the challenge presented to deontological ethics by Joshua Greene’s so-called dual process theory. The chapter partly agrees with his conclusion that the dual process view neutralizes some common criticisms against utilitarianism founded on deontological intuitions, but also points to avenues left to explore for deontologists. Chapter 3 focuses on Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek and Peter Singer’s suggestion that utilitarianism is less vulnerable to so-called evolutionary debunking than other moral theories. The chapter is by and large critical of their attempt. In the final chapter 4, attention is directed at the issue of whether or not social psychology has shown that people lack stable character traits, and hence that the virtue ethical view is premised on false or tenuous assumptions. Though this so-called situationist challenge at one time seemed like a serious threat to virtue ethics, the chapter argues for a moderate position, pointing to the fragility of much of the empirical research invoked to substantiate this challenge while also suggesting revisions to the virtue ethical view as such.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Moral Lessons from Psychology: Contemporary Themes in Psychological Research and their Relevance for Ethical Theory
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  • 48. Ahlenius, Henrik
    et al.
    Tännsjö, Torbjörn
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Philosophy.
    Chinese and Westerners Respond Differently to the Trolley Dilemmas2012In: Journal of Cognition and Culture, ISSN 1567-7095, E-ISSN 1568-5373, Vol. 12, no 3-4, p. 195-201Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A set of moral problems known as The Trolley Dilemmas was presented to 3000 randomly selected inhabitants of the USA, Russia and China. It is shown that Chinese are significantly less prone to support utility-maximizing alternatives, as compared to the US and Russian respondents.

    A number of possible explanations, as well as methodological issues pertaining to the field of surveying moral judgment and moral disagreement, are discussed.

  • 49.
    Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    School of Education and Communication in Engineering Sciences (ECE), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Pagin, Peter
    Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    Persson, Olle
    Umeå universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Sociologiska institutionen..
    Svedberg, Maria
    Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen.
    Bibliometric analysis of two subdomains in philosophy: free will and sorites2015In: Scientometrics, ISSN 0138-9130, E-ISSN 1588-2861, Vol. 103, no 1, p. 47-73Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study we tested the fruitfulness of advanced bibliometric methods for mapping subdomains in philosophy. The development of the number of publications on free will and sorites, the two subdomains treated in the study, over time was studied. We applied the cocitation approach to map the most cited publications, authors and journals, and we mapped frequently occurring terms, using a term co-occurrence approach. Both subdomains show a strong increase of publications in Web of Science. When we decomposed the publications by faculty, we could see an increase of free will publications also in social sciences, medicine and natural sciences. The multidisciplinary character of free will research was reflected in the cocitation analysis and in the term co-occurrence analysis: we found clusters/groups of cocited publications, authors and journals, and of co-occurring terms, representing philosophy as well as non-philosophical fields, such as neuroscience and physics. The corresponding analyses of sorites publications displayed a structure consisting of research themes rather than fields. All in all, both philosophers involved in this study acknowledge the validity of the various networks presented. Bibliometric mapping appears to provide an interesting tool for describing the cognitive orientation of a research field, not only in the natural and life sciences but also in philosophy, which this study shows.

  • 50.
    Ahlgren, Per
    et al.
    School of Education and Communication in Engineering Sciences (ECE), KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden..
    Pagin, Peter
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Philosophy.
    Persson, Olle
    Umeå universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Sociologiska institutionen..
    Svedberg, Maria
    Stockholm University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Philosophy.
    Bibliometric analysis of two subdomains in philosophy: free will and sorites2015In: Scientometrics, ISSN 0138-9130, E-ISSN 1588-2861, Vol. 103, no 1, p. 47-73Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study we tested the fruitfulness of advanced bibliometric methods for mapping subdomains in philosophy. The development of the number of publications on free will and sorites, the two subdomains treated in the study, over time was studied. We applied the cocitation approach to map the most cited publications, authors and journals, and we mapped frequently occurring terms, using a term co-occurrence approach. Both subdomains show a strong increase of publications in Web of Science. When we decomposed the publications by faculty, we could see an increase of free will publications also in social sciences, medicine and natural sciences. The multidisciplinary character of free will research was reflected in the cocitation analysis and in the term co-occurrence analysis: we found clusters/groups of cocited publications, authors and journals, and of co-occurring terms, representing philosophy as well as non-philosophical fields, such as neuroscience and physics. The corresponding analyses of sorites publications displayed a structure consisting of research themes rather than fields. All in all, both philosophers involved in this study acknowledge the validity of the various networks presented. Bibliometric mapping appears to provide an interesting tool for describing the cognitive orientation of a research field, not only in the natural and life sciences but also in philosophy, which this study shows.

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