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  • 1.
    Aarts, Mariëlle P. J.
    et al.
    Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Aries, Myriam
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science. Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Straathof, Jochem
    Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    van Hoof, Joost
    Centre for Healthcare and Technology, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Dynamic lighting systems in psychogeriatric care facilities in the Netherlands: A quantitative and qualitative analysis of stakeholders’ responses and applied technology2015In: Indoor + Built Environment, ISSN 1420-326X, E-ISSN 1423-0070, Vol. 24, no 5, p. 617-630Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Long-term care facilities are currently installing dynamic lighting systems with the aim to improve the well-being and behaviour of residents with dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the implementation of dynamic lighting systems from the perspective of stakeholders and the performance of the technology. Therefore, a questionnaire survey was conducted with the management and care professionals of six care facilities. Moreover, light measurements were conducted in order to describe the exposure of residents to lighting. The results showed that the main reason for purchasing dynamic lighting systems lied in the assumption that the well-being and day/night rhythmicity of residents could be improved. The majority of care professionals were not aware of the reasons why dynamic lighting systems were installed. Despite positive subjective ratings of the dynamic lighting systems, no data were collected by the organizations to evaluate the effectiveness of the lighting. Although the care professionals stated that they did not see any large positive effects of the dynamic lighting systems on the residents and their own work situation, the majority appreciated the dynamic lighting systems more than the old situation. The light values measured in the care facilities did not exceed the minimum threshold values reported in the literature. Therefore, it seems illogical that the dynamic lighting systems installed in the researched care facilities will have any positive health effects.

  • 2.
    Aarts, Mariëlle P.J.
    et al.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    van Duijnhoven, Juliëtte
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    Aries, Myriam B. C.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science. Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    Rosemann, Alexander L.P.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    Performance of personally worn dosimeters to study non-image forming effects of light: Assessment methods2017In: Building and Environment, ISSN 0360-1323, E-ISSN 1873-684X, Vol. 117, p. 60-72Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    When determining the effects of light on human beings, it is essential to correctly measure the effects, and to correctly measure the adequate properties of light. Therefore, it is important to know what is being measured and know the quality of the measurement devices. This paper describes simple methods for identifying three quality indices; the directional response index, the linearity index and the temperature index. These indices are also checked for several commonly used portable light measurement devices. The results stresses what was already assumed, the quality and the outcome of these devices under different circumstances were very different. Also, the location were these devices are normally worn has an impact on the results. The deviation range between worn vertically at eye level and the wrist is between 11% (outdoor) to 27% (indoor). The smallest deviation, both in indoor and outdoor, was found when the device was placed on the sides of the eye (7%). 

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  • 3. Abarkan, Abdellah
    The study of urban form in Sweden2009In: Urban Morphology, ISSN 1027-4278 , Vol. 13, no 2, p. 121-127Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Early research on urban form in Sweden was undertaken before the First World War. After the Second World War research was influenced by the major criticisms levelled at comprehensive urban renewal and suburban mass housing. These criticisms were particularly on the ground that values embodied in the traditional built environment were being ignored. Increased interest in the study of historical urban fabrics was associated with the development of methodologies reliant on the concepts of typology and morphology. These development were dependent on the activities of individual researchers until the very recent development of wider co-ordinating research organizations.

  • 4.
    ABBASIAN, ARMIN
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Spatial Planning.
    Importance of Urban Squares as Public Space in Social Life: A New Design of Fisktorget in Karlskrona City2016Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Nowadays, the impact of technological growth‏ ‏on people’s life and our society is remarkable, ‎inevitable and also worrying. The excessive influence of technology in ‎individuals’ lives has caused our community to change towards more privatisation and ‎secluded life. At this point, the role of urban public spaces in social life has become more ‎prominent and significant. Issues of social life in public spaces and the relations with creating a ‎vibrant and dynamic city has not been given too much attention in urban planning and design. ‎This thesis raises the question of considering public spaces and how urban public spaces ‎‎(especially squares) can encourage/persuade citizens ‎to increase social interaction‎. Initially, it describes a clear definition of public spaces and urban squares. Thereafter, the study addresses ‎effectual factors from the human perspective which can help to achieve the successful design of an ‎urban public square. The aim of the work is to comprehend how it might be possible to improve ‎social life and behaviour in public spaces (squares) and consequently to attain a framework in ‎order to design. Ultimately, a design is proposed for Fisktorget (Fish Square), which is one of most important public places in the Karlskrona city in Sweden. The proposed design is based on studies and analyses that have been done throughout this thesis. 

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  • 5.
    Abbott, Daniel
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Architecture and Water.
    The architectural design of Swedish live-work premises: A case study on live-work premises and its potential2021Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The pandemic has forced many to work from home and to mix the work environment with the residential environment. The question is if this works? A new concept, based on an old, is live-work premises or as they are called in Sweden bokaler. Bokaler is a concept where the residence is integrated and coexist with work. Bokaler as a concept is not limited to home offices and can involve more traditional work such as service work. A year with this new work environment has made people more aware of the benefits. Many would like to keep being able to work from home after the pandemic, but there has also been reports of concerns regarding how good the home-work environment is. With this new trend, this report will explore the design choices that should be considered when designing a desirable work and residential environment, or in other words desirable bokal premises.

    This study also hypothesises that live-work premises can benefit vision of safer and more attractive cities. As safety and attractiveness is often associated with the “mixed city,” a term used by architects and municipality staff alike. The possibility to establish bokaler as a concept in Sweden will also be explored.

    The research is based upon a casestudy research method, where the empiric data comes from surveys (users of existing bokaler), interviews with architects and urban planners, and even how existing theories about creating desirable environments can becompared with existing bokaler in Sweden. The research will benefit a design method that will use the data as arguments for design choices. The study uses this method to see if the desired qualities can be replicated.

    The research managed to interview ten owners of bokaler, five architects and study six different variations ofthe bokal typology. The result showed that it is often difficult to include allthe desired functions from a work or residential environment. Since bokaler often are placed on the bottom floor many users experience discomfort from being exposed to the city. Architects also points out that there are legislative issues that prevents the concept to thrive fully, they also point out that there could also be cultural and societal limitations to the concept. For instance, workspaces and residences are taxed differently from each other, so that a mix of those functions becomes difficult to assess what law should be abided. The Swedish society also benefits larger companies compared to sole proprietorships, which are oftenthe users of bokal premises. To establish small businesses in a residential area, to achieve a mix of functions would implicate huge risks for thoseowners.

    The resulting considerations to designa bokal, came down to three things, for it to thrive in Swedish society. These three considerations were also replicated in a design proposal for asite in Luleå.Functions (residential and work functions) should preferably not mix inside the premise. This is because separations lead to less conflict and can even be able to create a more pleasant environment. The bokal should be flexible in its use of rooms and spaces so that it can adapt to changes and multiple functions. The bokal premise relation to the city is also important. The placement in the city and the density of people is important for it to thrive, but also for those who live in the premise to prosper the organisation of rooms and functions should be reflected upon.That the bokal can benefit an attractive society is difficult to assess before seeing the concept itself thriving inthe Swedish society. The possibility to achieve social control exist in theory but is something that should be researched more thoroughly.

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  • 6.
    Abdalla, Jack
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Al-Najem, Tony
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Implementering av det biofila fenomen i utformningen av skolbyggnader2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Today, humanity is trying to develop in all areas of life, so that we can reach a cleaner, more modern, and more sustainable world. This study highlights the importance of architecture to improve areas of life. This report talks about a type of architectural design. It is called biophilic design which means to combine nature with buildings. This study is about biophilic design in school buildings.

    Method: To perform the survey, three different methods were chosen. The first method was a questionnaire sent to college students and high school students, the second method was interviews conducted with knowledgeable architects who have extensive experience in the subject of biophilic design and the last method was literature studies.

    Results: All data collected from the questionnaire, the interviews and literature studies are summarized as follows:Most college students and high school students think that when you are closer to nature it makes you feel better and that it would help improve the teaching process. Architects who were interviewed thought that biophilic design in school buildings has both advantages and disadvantages, but in general they support the idea of using and spreading the idea more in Sweden.

    Analysis: The analyzed data have shown that it is possible to implement biophilic design on the inside and outside of a school building in unusual ways. But many problems will arise, and one must have the will to continue to maintain these materials. It turned out that having these natural elements in school will contribute to a positive effect on the learning environment and the students themselves. For example, as a more creative, calm, and de-stressing environment. Having a green roof seems like an innovative idea but it requires a lot of maintenance.

    Discussion: This study focuses on how to implement biophilic design in a school building and what impact it has on the learning environment. The study addressed what is required to integrate the qualities of nature in the right way to maximize its effects. Studying biophilic design, nature and how it affects people and architecture and its impact on people has helped to lead to a clear result.

  • 7.
    Abdalmunim, Rand
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering.
    Effektivisering av bygglovsprocessen gällande ändring av kulturhistoriskt värdefull bebyggelse: En fallstudie av ett miljonprogramsområde-Nya Nordostprojektet i Gävle2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    En stor del av Sveriges bebyggelse har byggts mellan 1965 och 1974 eftersom det rådde stor bostadsbrist i Sverige. Regeringen beslutade att en miljon bostäder skulle uppföras under denna tid, det s.k. miljonprogrammet. Det byggdes bostäder i varierande former och storlekar för att bygga bort bostadsbristen. Storskaligheten och en stor grad av upprepning av identiska hus är kännetecken för miljonprogrammets bebyggelser. Nu är det dags att renovera dessa byggnader. I och med att dessa byggnader är av allmänt intresse då de speglar en del av Sveriges arkitekturhistoria ställer kommunerna vissa krav vid renovering av dem. Det kommunala företaget Gavlegårdarna i Gävle tar initiativ till att utveckla bygglovsprocessen för sådana bebyggelser. Detta görs för att reducera tiden för framställande av ett godkänt bygglov samt effektivisera och underlätta kommunikationen med kommunen under hela projektet. För att kunna bevara dessa byggnader i högsta möjliga mån har Gavlegårdarna utarbetat en effektiviseringsprocess genom att hyra in en extern bevarandeexpert för att fungera som en bro mellan företaget och kommunen samt för att kunna dela med sig av sina erfarenheter gällande bevarandet av det eventuella området. Dessutom har Gavlegårdarna låtit kommunen vara med från ett tidigt skede, d.v.s. redan från den första presentationen av förslaget. Därmed har kommunen fått vara med och medverka i förslaget, redan innan bygglovsansökan.

     

    Detta examensarbete tar upp konsekvenserna av de nya tillagda rutinerna och hur de har påverkat bygglovsansökningsprocessen för Nya Nordostprojektet. Genom att intervjua de inblandade aktörerna i det undersökta projektet har slutsatsen dragits att dessa rutiner har bidragit till att processen bedrivits mer effektivt jämfört med företagets tidigare projekt. Därutöver visar denna uppsats hur hyresgästerna har engagerat sig i det eventuella arbetet. Enkätundersökning har utförts för att kunna höra hyresgästernas åsikt.

     

    Det har visat sig att de nya rutinerna har effektiviserat tiden för bygglovsansöknings-processen. Tiden har förkortats jämförts med Gavlegårdarnas övriga projekt. Fördröjning i tid kostar företaget mer pengar. Dessutom har den förbättrade kommunikationen underlättat för båda parter att ta emot klagomål lättare och acceptera det. Det bidrar till att kommande problem kan lösas smidigare. Undersökningen har även visat att i projekt som Nya Nordost tas inte stor hänsyn till hyresgästernas åsikter, då byggherren redan är styrd från kommunen, vilket försvårar att flera kan vara med och välja. Ett annat resultat av denna undersökning var att de intervjuade personerna hade olika åsikter om bevarandet gällande Nordost. De flesta tyckte att Nordost ej var värt att bevara. Undersökningen visade även att hyresgästerna inte har engagerat sig lika mycket i bevarandet av gamla byggnader jämfört med att bo i ett modernare och nyrenoverat område.

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  • 8.
    Abdula, Sham
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Oksman, Dan
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Attefallshus som komplementbostadshus: Drömhus eller mardröm?2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Den 2 juli 2014 blev det enligt lag tillåtet för en- och tvåbostadshusägare att uppföra en bygglovsbefriad komplementbyggnad på max 25 kvadratmeter på den egna fastigheten. Rapporten undersöker vilket genomslag lagändringen har haft i Stor-Stockholm, Stor-Göteborg och Stor-Malmö. Undersökningen visar att lagändringen ännu inte har haft något stort genomslag. I rapporten undersöks även en utvald del av marknadsaktörers utbud av attefallshus avsett som komplementbostadshus. 

    Ett attefallshus utformas med miljövänligt hållbara material och inspireras av Vitruvius tre principer för god arkitektur. Huset konstrueras med avsikt att uppfylla kraven som ställs i PBL, PBF, BBR och EKS. Målet med de framtagna bygghandlingarna är att få startbesked från byggnadsnämnden i Växjö. 

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  • 9.
    Abrahamsson, Caroline
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Applied Mechanics, Byggteknik.
    Waltersson, Johanna
    Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences, Applied Mechanics, Byggteknik.
    FLEXIBLA BYGGNADER: Utformning av en förskola med en möjlig verksamhetsändring för framtida behov2014Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Society today has an increasing demand for environmentally and economically sustainable developments in order to create a sustainable society. Society’s growth in new construction is a big part of this, and by planning and building more sustainable buildings these requirements can be fulfilled. The development of flexible buildings, which can adapt to future needs of society, lead to a more efficient utilization and longevity of premises and generate more sustainable buildings.In Sweden, the municipalities are the country’s largest property developers and therefore have a significant responsibility to provide society with real estate and public buildings. In recent time we have seen a shift towards flexible public buildings and in particular preschools. With the current socio-economic climate and ageing population buildings like preschools need to be flexible to ensure they can cater for future demands of society.

    This degree project, within the Bachelor programme in Construction Engineering, has been carried out during 10 weeks on Tengbom Architects in Uppsala. The thesis deals with the subject of flexibility in buildings and includes a proposal for the design of a flexible building as a pre-school that in the future can be converted into a retirement home.

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  • 10.
    Abrahamsson, Lena
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Human Work Science.
    Enander, Mats
    Olsson, Hans
    Luleå University of Technology.
    Ranhagen, Ulf
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Architecture and Water.
    Fallstudierapport: Iggesunds bruk. Efterbehandlingen. Arbetsrapport1993Report (Other academic)
  • 11.
    Abrahamsson, Lena
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Arbetsvetenskap.
    Enander, Mats
    Olsson, Hans
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Ranhagen, Ulf
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten.
    Fallstudierapport: Iggesunds bruk. Efterbehandlingen. Arbetsrapport1993Report (Other academic)
  • 12.
    Abrahamsson, Lena
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Human Work Science.
    Enander, Mats
    Luleå University of Technology.
    Olsson, Hans
    Luleå University of Technology.
    Ranhagen, Ulf
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Architecture and Water.
    Förstudie av massabalshanteringen vid Iggesunds kartongbruk: arbetsrapport1996Report (Other academic)
  • 13.
    Abrahamsson, Lena
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Arbetsvetenskap.
    Enander, Mats
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Olsson, Hans
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Ranhagen, Ulf
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten.
    Förstudie av massabalshanteringen vid Iggesunds kartongbruk: arbetsrapport1996Report (Other academic)
  • 14.
    Abshirini, Ehsan
    KTH, .
    Interaction between rivers and morphology of cities in Sweden2014In: Our common future in urban morphology: Urban Transformations in the Medieval Town of Monção / [ed] Virgillio Torres, Joaoa Delgado, Porto: FEUP edições (Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto Edicoes) , 2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Rivers as one of the most important topographic factor have played a strategic role not only on the appearance of cities but they also affect the structure and morphology of cities. In this paper I intend to find out the influence of rivers on the morphology of a cities and discuss that how a city in its physical network interacts with a river flowing inside. My study area is river-cities in Sweden in which they have not received much attention in this issue. To this purpose I use space syntax method integrating with geospatial analysis and extract the properties of physical form of cities in terms of global and local integration value, choice value and so on. Comparing the states of presence and absence of rivers in these cities as well as evaluating the effect of rivers on the morphology of areas located in different banks of rivers are also part of interest in this paper. The primary result shows that although a river is not comparable to a city based on size and the area occupied by, it has a significant effect on the form of a city in both global and local properties. In addition, tracking the pattern of river-cities and their interaction to rivers may lead us to interoperate the physical form of these cities in terms of structured and distributed cities.

  • 15.
    Abshirini, Ehsan
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Interaction between rivers and morphology of cities in Sweden2014In: Our common future in urban morphology, Porto: FEUP edições (Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto Edicoes), 2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Rivers as one of the most important topographic factor have played a strategic role not only on the appearance of cities but they also affect the structure and morphology of cities. In this paper I intend to find out the influence of rivers on the morphology of a cities and discuss that how a city in its physical network interacts with a river flowing inside. My study area is river-cities in Sweden in which they have not received much attention in this issue. To this purpose I use space syntax method integrating with geospatial analysis and extract the properties of physical form of cities in terms of global and local integration value, choice value and so on. Comparing the states of presence and absence of rivers in these cities as well as evaluating the effect of rivers on the morphology of areas located in different banks of rivers are also part of interest in this paper. The primary result shows that although a river is not comparable to a city based on size and the area occupied by, it has a significant effect on the form of a city in both global and local properties. In addition, tracking the pattern of river-cities and their interaction to rivers may lead us to interoperate the physical form of these cities in terms of structured and distributed cities.

  • 16.
    Abshirini, Ehsan
    et al.
    KTH, Samhällsplanering och miljö.
    Koch, Daniel
    KTH, Arkitektonisk gestaltning.
    Resilience, space syntax and spatialinterfaces: The case of river cities2017In: A|Z ITU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, ISSN 1303-7005, Vol. 14, no 1, p. 25-41Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Resilience defined as the capacity of a system to manage impacts, keep its efficiency and continue its development has been scrutinized by researchers from different points of view over the past decades. Due to the prominence of resilience in urban planning, this paper intends to find out how the spatial structure of cities deals with disturbances, and if geographical phenomena such as rivers affect the resilience in cities. Using the space syntax methods syntactically analyze the resilience in cities, we innovatively introduce two measures; similarity and sameness. These measures are in relation with the syntactical properties of cities and compare the degree of resilience between different groups. Similarity measures the degree to which each city retains the relative magnitude of its foreground network after a disturbance and sameness is the degree to which each city retains the same segments as its foreground network after a disturbance. Likewise to network resilience studies, we apply different disturbances on cities and explore the reaction of cities to disturbances in terms of size of the foreground network and which segments are parts thereof. We then compare different groups based on these measurements as a method to analyze sameness and similarity. The results show that the resilience, in the way we define it, is different in different cities depending on in which view and based on which parameters we are discussing the resilience. Additionally morphological phenomena such as rivers have a great impact on the structure of cities and in turn on their resilience.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 17.
    Abshirini, Ehsan
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment.
    Koch, Daniel
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture, Architectural Design.
    Resilience, space syntax and spatialinterfaces: The case of river cities2017In: A|Z ITU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture, ISSN 1303-7005, Vol. 14, no 1, p. 25-41Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Resilience defined as the capacity of a system to manage impacts, keep its efficiency and continue its development has been scrutinized by researchers from different points of view over the past decades. Due to the prominence of resilience in urban planning, this paper intends to find out how the spatial structure of cities deals with disturbances, and if geographical phenomena such as rivers affect the resilience in cities. Using the space syntax methods syntactically analyze the resilience in cities, we innovatively introduce two measures; similarity and sameness. These measures are in relation with the syntactical properties of cities and compare the degree of resilience between different groups. Similarity measures the degree to which each city retains the relative magnitude of its foreground network after a disturbance and sameness is the degree to which each city retains the same segments as its foreground network after a disturbance. Likewise to network resilience studies, we apply different disturbances on cities and explore the reaction of cities to disturbances in terms of size of the foreground network and which segments are parts thereof. We then compare different groups based on these measurements as a method to analyze sameness and similarity. The results show that the resilience, in the way we define it, is different in different cities depending on in which view and based on which parameters we are discussing the resilience. Additionally morphological phenomena such as rivers have a great impact on the structure of cities and in turn on their resilience.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Resilience
  • 18.
    Adalmundsson, Magnus
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Opera i Stockholm, Galärvarvet2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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    Operahus_galarvarvet_KAX
  • 19.
    Adamsson, Mathias
    Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Lund University, Sweden.
    Non-image-forming effects of light: Implications for the design of living and working environments2018Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Seasonal variation in mood and subjective well-being are common at geographical locations further away from the equator. The 24-h light-dark cycle is the main time cue for synchronizing the human circadian clock to the external day and night.

    Nowadays, people spend more of their waking day indoors, with less exposure to the natural daylight cycle, relying on artificial lighting which differs to daylight in a number of aspects, including intensity, spectral composition and light exposure pattern.

    In parallel with the technology development that has been mainly driven by energy-saving reasons, it is important to investigate the non-image-forming effects of different properties of the daily and seasonal light exposure.

    The overall aim of the thesis was to identify characteristics of the daily light exposure that are important to support physiological and psychological needs of humans. To achieve this objective a number of research questions were posed concerning daily and seasonal light exposure, seasonal variation in physiological processes and psychological parameters, and evaluation of light exposure with respect to non-image-forming effects. The research questions were investigated in a longitudinal research design with measurements conducted each month during the year at a high latitude with large seasonal variation in day lengths.

    Self-report diaries and instruments for ambulatory- and static measurements were used to examine daily and seasonal light exposure in the working and living environments and for investigating the relationship between different parameters that can be used for evaluating light exposure according to non-image-forming effects of light. Seasonal variation in daily light exposure and regarding the pattern of light exposure was observed. Also, the results indicate a seasonal variation concerning the quality (i.e. spectral composition of the visible radiation) of the exposing light.

    Two biological markers, melatonin and cortisol, were used for investigating seasonal variation in physiological processes relating to the circadian clock. The results showed higher morning melatonin concentrations and peak level of melatonin during the winter although no seasonal change was observed concerning the phase position of the melatonin rhythm.

    Seasonal differences in mood and sleep-activity were studied by means of selfreport diaries and questionnaires. Seasonal variations were observed for both parameters. The results showed higher ratings of mood in the summer, particularly 6 in the evening, and a relationship between bedtime and evening light exposure and photoperiod length. Furthermore, longer sleep times was observed in the winter.

    Appraisal of lighting conditions in the offices during the year was rated by the use of a questionnaire. The results showed some seasonal differences concerning the perceived qualities of the light and some associations between characteristics of the lit environments and positive affect were found.

    Two methods, static- and ambulatory measurements, were used for recording lighting conditions in the working environments. Taken together, the results showed weak associations between the two methods.

    Research have demonstrated an increased need for taking non-image-forming effects into consideration when designing working and living environments, especially at geographical locations with large variations in day length where people are exposed to much of the daily light exposure at the workplace. Laboratory research has provided a good understanding of the basic concepts. However, more field research is needed. Also, current research has demonstrated that new methods of measuring and evaluating lighting conditions are needed.

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  • 20.
    Adamsson, Mathias
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Laike, Thorbjörn
    Department of Environmental Science, Fukuoka Women's University, Japan.
    Morita, Takeshi
    Department of Environmental Science, Fukuoka Women's University, Japan.
    Annual variation in daily light exposure and circadian change of melatonin and cortisol concentrations at a northern latitude with large seasonal differences in photoperiod length2016In: Journal of Physiological Anthropology, ISSN 1880-6791, E-ISSN 1880-6805, Vol. 36, no 1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Seasonal variations in physiology and behavior have frequently been reported. Light is the major zeitgeber for synchronizing internal circadian rhythms with the external solar day. Non-image forming effects of light radiation, for example, phase resetting of the circadian rhythms, melatonin suppression, and acute alerting effects, depend on several characteristics of the light exposure including intensity, timing and duration, spectral composition and previous light exposure, or light history. The aim of the present study was to report on the natural pattern of diurnal and seasonal light exposure and to examine seasonal variations in the circadian change of melatonin and cortisol concentrations for a group of Swedish office workers.

    METHODS: Fifteen subjects participated in a field study that was carried out in the south of Sweden. Ambulatory equipment was used for monthly measurements of the daily exposure to light radiation across the year. The measurements included illuminance and irradiance. The subjects collected saliva samples every 4 h during 1 day of the monthly measuring period.

    RESULTS: The results showed that there were large seasonal differences in daily amount of light exposure across the year. Seasonal differences were observed during the time periods 04:00-08:00, 08:00-12:00, 12:00-16:00, 16:00-20:00, and 20:00-24:00. Moreover, there were seasonal differences regarding the exposure pattern. The subjects were to a larger extent exposed to light in the afternoon/evening in the summer. During the winter, spring, and autumn, the subjects received much of the daily light exposure in the morning and early afternoon. Regarding melatonin, a seasonal variation was observed with a larger peak level during the winter and higher levels in the morning at 07:00.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study adds to the results from other naturalistic studies by reporting on the diurnal and seasonal light exposure patterns for a group living at a northern latitude of 56° N, with large annual variations in photoperiod length. It seems to be seasonal variation in the lighting conditions, both concerning intensities as well as regarding the pattern of the light exposure to which people living at high latitudes are exposed which may result in seasonal variation in the circadian profile of melatonin.

  • 21.
    Adamsson, Mathias
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science.
    Laike, Thorbjörn
    Department of Architecture and Built Environment, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Morita, Takeshi
    Department of Environmental Science, Fukuoka Women’s University, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
    Comparison of Static and Ambulatory Measurements of Illuminance and Spectral Composition That Can Be Used for Assessing Light Exposure in Real Working Environments2019In: LEUKOS The Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, ISSN 1550-2724, E-ISSN 1550-2716, Vol. 15, no 2-3, p. 181-194Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Reliable measurements are of utmost importance when investigating the relationship between light and human reactions. The aim of the present study was to compare two methods for measuring light exposure in real working environments. Ambulatory recordings of illuminance and irradiance were compared with static field measurements of horizontal illuminance at the normal working position, average horizontal illuminance in the room, vertical illuminance at the position of the eye in the normal angle of gaze, and spectral composition of the light radiation at the normal working position and at the position of the eye in the normal angle of gaze. The ambulatory measurements were carried out during a 3-day experimental period and were repeated monthly throughout the year. The static field measurements in the subjects’ offices were conducted five times during the year, in the morning and afternoon during one day. The relationship between the illuminances and irradiances measured with the portable instruments and the static measurements was statistically analyzed. Results from the analyses revealed that more than one third of the static measurements of vertical illuminances recorded were below 200 lx, and only 7% of the measurements exceeded 1000 lx. Measurements of the spectral composition of the light radiation in the rooms suggested that the light, although at a fairly low intensity, included relatively much radiation that can have a non-image forming effect. Furthermore, only a small number of significant correlations between the ambulatory and static measurements were found. Results from the t-tests showed that there were no differences between ambulatory measurements, and static measurements of horizontal illuminance at the normal position, average illuminance in the room and vertical illuminance at the position of the eye during three, five, and seven of the 10 measurements, respectively. There is a need to define appropriate parameters in order to describe the quality of a lit environment with respect to the non-image-forming effects of light radiation.

  • 22.
    Adamsson, Mathias
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Laike, Thorbjörn
    Lund University, Sweden.
    Morita, Takeshi
    Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka, Japan.
    Seasonal variation in bright daylight exposure, mood and behavior among a group of office workers in Sweden2018In: Journal of Circadian Rhythms, E-ISSN 1740-3391, Vol. 16, article id 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the study was to investigate seasonal variation in mood and behavior among a group of office workers in Sweden (56°N). Thirty subjects participated in this longitudinal study. The subjects kept a weekly log that included questionnaires for ratings of psychological wellbeing and daily sleep-activity diaries where they also noted time spent outdoors. The lighting conditions in the offices were subjectively evaluated during one day, five times over the year. There was a seasonal variation in positive affect and in sleep-activity behavior. Across the year, there was a large variation in the total time spent outdoors in daylight. The subjects reported seasonal variation concerning the pleasantness, variation and strength of the light in the offices and regarding the visibility in the rooms. Finally, the subjects spent most of their time indoors, relying on artificial lighting, which demonstrates the importance of the lighting quality in indoor environments. 

  • 23.
    Adolphson, Marcus
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Urban and Regional Studies.
    Tellus Towers, en meningsfull byggnad i den hållbara staden?2018In: Hus mot himlen: Hållbar hybris? / [ed] Olsson K., Olshammar G. och Siesjö B., Malmö: Bokförlaget Arena , 2018, p. 92-117Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Aejmelaeus-Lindström, Petrus
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Opera i Stockholm, Stadsgårdskajen2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 25.
    Ahlberg Eriksson, Frans Felix
    University College of Arts, Crafts and Design, The Department of Design, Crafts and Art (DKK), Interior Architecture & Furniture Design.
    Aldrig Färdig...2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    En möbel som har ett tydligt program, en tydlig funktion kan vara begränsande. I min metod har jag utgått ifrån en möbel och förbisett dess program för att vidga mitt sökfält när jag har gjort om den. Jag har sett begreppen funktion, upplevd funktion och materiell funktion som värden som går att höja eller sänka. Möbelns nätverk av komponenter har tillåtits bli instabilt för en stund, för att sedan se till helheten och göra nätverket stabilt åter igen - programmet får komma tillbaka men med en ny gestaltning.

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  • 26.
    Ahlgren, Sara
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Lindström, Jenny
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Ekonomi, kunskap och kommunikation: – Avgörande för den estetiska kvaliteten vid nyproduktion av bostäder2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    There are indications that the architecture in Sweden is perceived as more and more monotonous with the absence of aesthetic qualities. Architects are allowed to bear responsibility for the claim but they themselves believe that they deprived their position in the construction process where they are replaced under ongoing projects, ancillary financial interests.

    The goal of the work was to find out what happens to a building's aesthetic qualities when the architect is replaced and what lies behind the replacement of the architect. A comparison of two objects was made, one in which the architect has been involved throughout the process and one where the architect has been replaced. The study was conducted through fact-finding from literature, observations and interviews.

    The result shows that the desire to build beautifully with aesthetic qualities is strongly linked to the client's level of ambition. However, the overall result shows that aesthetic values are subordinated to the economy of the construction-process. Furthermore, it has emerged during the work with this essay that there is a lack of knowledge and difficulties in communication between the actors in the construction industry, especially between architects and contractors. 

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  • 27.
    Ahlroth, Sofia
    KTH, Superseded Departments (pre-2005), Civil and Environmental Engineering.
    Correcting NDP for SO2 and NOx emissions: Implementation of a theoretical model in practice2003In: The Review of Income and Wealth, ISSN 0034-6586, E-ISSN 1475-4991, no 3, p. 425-440Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The theoretical and the practical studies in the field of environmental accounting are often two separate lines of work. In this study, we develop an optimal control theory model for adjusting NDP for the effects of SO2 and NOx emissions, and subsequently insert empirically estimated values. The model includes correction entries for the effects on welfare, real capital, health and the quality and quantity of renewable natural resources. In the empirical valuation study, production losses were estimated with dose-response functions. Recreational and other welfare values were estimated by the contingent valuation (CV) method. Effects on capital depreciation are also included. For comparison, abatement costs and environmental protection expenditures for reducing sulfur and nitrogen emissions were estimated. The theoretical model was then utilized to calculate the adjustment to NDP in a consistent manner. The estimated damage value of sulfur is close to the Swedish sulfur tax.

  • 28.
    Ahlström, Julia
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Leman, Sandra
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Vägen till ett attraktivare samhälle med ödehus som resurs: Ett gestaltningsförslag för Skruv2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In Sweden there are large differences between living in the city and the countryside. To make the countryside more attractive as a place of living, improvement is necessary in some regions. One such region is Skruv, a village that consists of a lot of deserted houses. 

    The purpose of the study is to improve the living conditions in this region. As a result, a design proposal has been created.

    In the creation of this study, both information gathered from field studies and interviews with subject relevant professionals has acted as a basis. This all surmised into a proposal with the old stationhouse as a central role. The proposal has a futuristic angle, as it expects there to be a functioning train stop, something which also increase the attractiveness of the region. In the proposal the chosen deserted houses consist of functions that are deemed desired by the inhabitants in Skruv. 

    Overall functions in a society are the same regardless of the geographical location. It’s important to look at a place specific conditions and resources to enable a favorable development.

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  • 29.
    Ahmad, Elaf
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Hultgren, Mathilda
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Möjligheter för visualisering i presentation av småhus2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Rapporten behandlar hur husleverantörer kan utveckla presentationsmaterial. De materialen som visas är olika husmodeller från företagen och behandlar bakgrundsvyer samt förbättringar i digital media. Företaget som ligger till grund för rapporten är Trivselhus, och undersökningarna i rapporten är baserade på aktörer i anknytning till företaget. Resultatet kan även tillämpas hos andra husleverantörer.

    Visualisering handlar om hur människan tar till sig den informationen som ges. Den används för att underlätta förståelsen för komplicerade bilder och idéer som visas för kunder. Visualisering möjliggör att bearbetade bilder kan kopplas samman med slutresultatet som presenteras.

    Informationen som kommer genom visualisering kan fås genom människans fem sinnen syn, lukt, hörsel, smak och känsel. Denna studie lägger fokus på den synliga aspekten till visualisering och hur företag kan använda den för att förstärka sin kundkrets.

    Resultatet ger exempel på visualisering som husleverantörer kan tillämpa i verksamheten. Det behandlar bland annat utveckling av hemsidor och gemensamma plattformar som kund och säljare båda kan arbeta i. Andra framtidsförslag som presenteras är en utveckling av visningshus samt producering av miniatyrhus. Detta för att ge kunden en bättre visualisering och därmed en större insyn i hur det färdiga huset är utformat och kommer fungera i verkligheten.

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  • 30.
    Ahrenstedt, Irina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture, Lighting Design.
    Travelling Stockholm from underneath: A journey of light2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 40 credits / 60 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The report Stockholm city’s regional biking plan presents information of a continuously rising numbers ofcyclists in central Stockholm. However, the central parts of Stockholm have not now, or in the near future,the capacity or structure to provide a functional as well as safe traffic situation, especially for cyclists. Theincreasing demand from traffic of the commuter street network in central Stockholm make the 6 km longunderground maintenance tunnel along the newly build Citybanan commuter train tracks a possible andinteresting alternative for safe, fast and easy bicycle travelling underneath Stockholm. The tunnel stretchesfrom Fatbursparken to Tomteboda, with exits/entrances along the route in central parts of Stockholm[Fig 1.]There are several examples in the world where former car, train and maintenance tunnels are used as bikingtunnels. The longest existing example is the Croix Rousse tunnel in Lyon, France (2013). A 1,3 km longtunnel with separate lanes for cyclists, pedestrians and commuter busses, which also functions as anevacuation tunnel to the parallel car tunnel. Another example is the Lugaritz-Morland bicycle tunnel in thecity of San Sebastian, Spain (2009), which is a former railway tunnel (850 metres) that connects twoneighbourhoods in the city.The specific conditions a tunnel have with no daylight and limited access, give the lighting designer theimportant task to shape the space using light.Light is the factor that makes us see the world, our visual ability is depending on the light. Light has theability to reveal and transform the character of a space and influence how the observer experiences thesituation, both physically (by vision) and psychologically (emotional experiences as comfort and feeling ofsafety). Therefore a good visual condition in public space, traffic as well as enclosed spaces like tunnels, arevery important and a basic need for humans in the city.The aim with this thesis was to develop a lighting strategy and proposal for the maintenance tunnel ofCitybanan in Stockholm, based on literature and case studies research, a full-scale light observation by areference group in a tunnel context as well as research by questionnaires. The primary purpose of the fullscalelight study was to confirm literature research hypotheses about the importance of light distributionand experienced spatial atmosphere in relation to psychological effects, as well as the importance of lightgiving information. Findings confirm and shows that light distribution have a great impact on how theobservers experience the space visually, as well as emotionally. Findings also show that light can influencepeople’s behaviour to intuitively slow down or be alert. Further this thesis results show that giving a spaceit’s own identity by collaboration between light, colour and architectural elements have a great impact onthe psychological experiences of a space regarding safety, comfort and social interaction, crucial factors in atunnel environment for cyclists.The thesis results in a concept presented in the Proposal chapter, based on design principles and a lightingstrategy where a combination of light typologies is used to create a human centred and comfortableenvironment. Light is used as guiding element and for spatial understanding to create comfort and supportsocial interaction. In addition the concept includes a theme used as inspiration in the lighting strategy tocreate a connection on a human scale between the cyclist and the space. The theme is based on a commonpreference of the reference group, as well as my personal, for the ideal dream biking environment;In the nature. Experiencing for example the variation of light filtered through the leaves, the sunset and theabsence of traffic.The aim with the proposal is to transform the tunnel to an attractive bicycle route for daily cyclists inStockholm, as well as being an interesting tourist attraction.- A large underground landmark and art piece stretching under the city of Stockholm.

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    A journey of light Irina My
  • 31.
    Aidas, Nina
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Responsive Textile Geometries: Vanadisbadet Revised2011Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    How can principles found in textile behaviour be translated into architectural expression? With water as a program in context of a new bath in Vanadislunden, Stockholm, this project studies how a rigid material can be percieved as soft and flexible.

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    Vanadisbadet
  • 32.
    Aldaher, Sébastien
    Malmö University, Faculty of Culture and Society (KS), Department of Urban Studies (US).
    An Attempt to Set A design Base for post-conflict housing in the historic core of Homs, Syria2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 20 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The built environment in the old city of Homs has been brutally destroyed by the conflict in Syria. The research gap in post-conflict planning and architectural design in the old city of Homs is alarming as it indicates that there are no clear roadmaps on how to deal with post-conflict housing units in such a historic area. This study aims to investigate the possible design basis of housing typologies and plans for the housing units in the old city after the conflict.

    This study is primarily based on a literature review and extensive discussions with a specialist architect from the city of Homs, who helped to gain a deeper understanding of how to approach such a topic. The literature review deals with the historical Arab cities’ components and the elements of courtyard houses both in general and in the old city of Homs in particular. Likewise, it looks at the city’s urban plans and building code and their shortcomings and highlights the current conditions there. It also highlights proposed strategies for post-conflict construction and discusses them.

    The findings of the study propose a design ideology for reconstruction strategies and translate these ideologies and findings from the literature into a practical design of typologies placed on a proposed plot of land in the old city, along with a proposal of what the plans of these houses might look like.

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  • 33.
    Alekseeva, Iuliia
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Architecture.
    Alternative healing in Berlin: nature, arts and science for human recharge2019Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 34.
    Alexander, Bredén-Jonsson
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Spatial Planning.
    Att skapa ett varumärke: En granskning av hur Helsingborg framställs genom platsmarknadsföring2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I föreliggande uppsats beskrivs platsmarknadsföring som fenomen och mer konkret studeras det hur platsmarknadsföringen framställts i Helsingborgs kommun. Arbetet undersöker således ett antal större projekt som kan kopplas till platsmarknadsföring. Med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys har olika plandokument studerats. Den kvalitativa innehållsanalysen har utgått ifrån tre olika motsatspar och har genom detta kunnat synliggöra att där i det empiriska materialet finns en tonvikt mot tillämpade-, platsoberoende- och förändringsorienterade värden.

    Det studerade materialet uppvisar tendenser som kan kopplas till ekonomiska syften och där detta ofta ska uppnås genom förändring och med fokus på ett större perspektiv än den egna kommunen. Materialet uppvisar tendenser som går att koppla till en utåtriktad platsmarknadsföring. Vidare finns där tendenser i analysen som tyder på att där kan finnas en dold maktutövning, detta går dock inte att direkt bekräfta eller konstatera. Slutligen finns där tendenser som tyder på att globaliseringen och den uppfattade konkurrensen kan ha påverkat platsmarknadsföringen i Helsingborg. Detta gör att platsmarknadsföringen i kommunen stämmer överens med vad tidigare forskning på området kommit fram till, där globalisering och den upplevda konkurrensen ses som två faktorer som påverkar platsmarknadsföring 

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  • 35. Alexandersson, Kerstin
    Remisser och yttranden: svensk byggnorm : ändring av byggnad1984In: Kulturmiljövård, ISSN 1100-4800, Vol. [9], no 2, p. 36-37Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
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  • 36. Alexandersson, Kerstin
    et al.
    Wyon, David
    Strålvärme i kyrkbänkar: studie av ett prototypsystem1996 (ed. 1)Book (Other academic)
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  • 37.
    Al-Falahi, Ahmad
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Architecture and Water.
    Virtual Reality in Architecture: Technical limitations, solutions and future use2022Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    VR is a relatively new technology that has been shown to have potential to increase productivity andfacilitate better decision making, both within the architecture role and in the broader building industry. However, there are many difficulties that stand in the way of this new technology. In this study, the researcher uses semi-structured interviews to interview six working architects from threecities in Sweden. This is an attempt to investigate what architects think are the technical difficultiesthat stand in the way of VR use within the architect role. Both software and hardware limitations are investigated. I additionally investigate what architects think are potential solutions to those problems, and how architects think VR can be used in the future in a way that would be useful and facilitate better communication. This study found that, according to the architects interviewed, the technical limitations are mainly the lack of portability, isolation from the outside world, the need for powerful hardware, motion sickness, movement restrictions and the setup process being generally inconvenient. The future use of VR that would be useful according to the architects interviewed are the ability to have virtual meetings, VR being used in conjunction with AR, the ability to design and sketch in VR and using VR as a communication tool to convey design ideas to the public.

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  • 38.
    Al-halabi, Wissam
    Jönköping University.
    Lösningsmöjligheter för mer energieffektiva flerbostadshus och reduktion av dess energiförbrukning2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduktion – Syftet med studien var att kunna undersöka och presentera fram energieffektiva lösningar för framtida nybyggnationer för flerbostadshus med fokus på utformning. Det var med utgångpunkt på att undersöka orsaker och anledningar till de höga energiförbrukningarna i flerbostadshus, samt att undersöka sambandet mellan energiförändring och miljöpåverkan

    Metod – Den valda metoden för detta arbete var en fallstudie som är en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. Metoden har ett syfte som fokuserar på att identifiera problem och beskriva djupgående kring hur, varför och vilka åtgärder som är lämpliga för minskning av energiförbrukning i flerbostadshus. I arbetet kombinerades kvantitativa och kvalitativa undersökningsmetoder. För en bredare förståelses kring forskningsämnet så utfördes en kvalitativ litteraturstudie av olika litteraturer och vetenskapliga rapporter. Därpå genomfördes intervjuer med arkitekter och ingenjörer där frågor kring forskningsämnet ställdes.

    Resultat – Under resultatkapitel presenteras de standarder och krav samt andra byggspecifikationer för flerbostadshus som berörde energi. Vidare uppvisades det flertal lösningsmöjligheter och tekniker. Dessutom de intervjusvar som har tydligast koppling till frågeställningarna. Slutligen lede det till att det primära energitalet få inte stiga över 75 [kWh/m2 Atemp och år], ett bra fasad materialval kan vara tegel och betong, visa tekniska lösningar kan bidra till mindre energiförbrukning liksom luftvärmeväxling och solceller, samt miljöpåverkan hänger ihop med energiförbrukningen.     

    Analys – Under analys av empiri så påpekas det på de faktorer som orsakar hög energiförbrukning inom flerbostadshus. Dessutom så tyder de lösningsmöjligheter som leder till minskning av energiförbrukning och effektivisering av energi för flerbostadshus. Vidare i kapitlet sammanfördes sambanden mellan förändring i energiförbrukning och miljöpåverkan.

    Diskussion – Fallstudien visade att det finns flera faktorer bakom hög energiförbrukning i flerbostadshus, dels det som var kopplat till utformning, dels kopplat till socioekonomiska förhållanden. Utifrån både litteraturstudie och intervjuerna kunde trovärdiga data inhämtas för att besvara frågeställningarna. Vidare så innehåller kapitlet fördelar och nackdelar med användning av fallstudie som metod och datainsamlingsteknikerna.

    Nyckelord – Energireduktion, Energiförbrukning, Energieffektivitet, Flerbostadshus, Lösningsmöjlighet, Miljöpåverkan, Nybyggnationer, Utformning.

      

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  • 39.
    Ali Qahtan, Nawar
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    Donna, Sojeva
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Building Technology.
    En alternativ mötesplats i modern arbetsmiljö2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Studien behandlar utformning av en tillbyggnad som länkas samman med en befintlig byggnad och en planerad byggnad. Det på uppdrag av Videum AB som planerar att bygga ett nytt kontorshotell på Videum Science Park och vill ha en interstruktur som innehåller restaurang, reception och konferensrum. Denna tillbyggnad ska bli mötesplatsen för Videums personal, hyresgäster och för allmänheten.

    Resultatet visar ritningar, illustrationer och förklaringar över interstrukturen.

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  • 40.
    Aljawaheri, Moustafa
    et al.
    Mälardalen University, School of Business, Society and Engineering.
    Kako, Hawar
    Mälardalen University, School of Business, Society and Engineering.
    Projekteringsprocessens utveckling: En studie om projekteringsprocessens utveckling de senaste 30 åren och eventuella effektiviseringsmöjligheter2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Abstract 

    Purpose: The purpose of the degree project is to examine how the development within the planning process has been over the past thirty years and also to highlight challenges and the shortcomings that arose in the last 30 years. Through streamlining, minimizing costs and specifying the design leads to further development and simplicity in the planning process. Method: The method in the degree project began with a literature study where a theoretical frame of reference regarding the planning process is presented to expand the knowledge of the subject. Subsequently, a qualitative study was conducted in the form of interviews with experienced individuals in the construction industry. With the literature studies and interviews as a basis, practical application was also carried out in the form of a model study where the functionality of different software was considered. Results: The results of the study present a summation of the interviews conducted. Digital development has facilitated with calculation programs or drawings that are simpler than before, and easier to edit with the help of digitization, but it has also resulted in poor communication, poorer connection and less collaboration because of this digital development. Furthermore, these problems have led to several errors in the projects. Another important problem that is noticed in the work is to cut off the projects in smaller moments that always create confusion and shortcomings. The stage shifts in the projects damage two major factors which are time and cost. After a summer of the interviews conducted, the data collected from the literature study were analyzed and linked. The analysis led to a proposal for improvement which is presented in the results of the work. Conclusions: Regarding the results of the study conducted in this degree project, plenty of conclusions are drawn on how the planning process have developed over the past 30 years, such as where in the planning process there are shortcomings, what development opportunities there are and what their potential consequences are.

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    Projekteringsprocessens utveckling
  • 41.
    Al-Kahwati, Mosteffa
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering.
    Byggnadsinformationsmodellering (BIM) för Byggprojektledning: Ett Kommunikation & Samarbetsverktyg2020Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 300 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    New opportunities within communication and collaboration is a big incentive regarding the development of digital tools in the construction industry. The project manager plays a crucial part in today’s construction projects in order to successfully deliver projects, and communication and collaboration is at the heart of this role. The purpose of this master thesis has been to investigate how the role of the project manager can be streamlined and supported with BIM. The focus of the study has been to investigate how communication and collaboration between the project manager and other participants can be supported with BIM. This has been done by answering the following three question formulations.

    • How does the role of a project manager which represents an owner look like?
    • Which opportunities does BIM provide to a project manager’s work and how does this affect the communication and collaborations with other participants?
    • Which obstacles and challenges exists regarding the implementation of BIM in a project manager’s work? 

    The following master thesis has been conducted in collaboration with AB Stångåstaden. Semi-structured interviews regarding the role of the project manager were conducted with project managers which represented Stångåstaden and NCC. Additional interviews regarding BIM were conducted with interviewees with experience within BIM. The interview study was combined with a literature study and observations of the project manager role on AB Stångåstaden.

    The observations and the results from the interview study with the project managers revealed that the role of a project manager which represents an owner is a very broad role where leadership, communication and collaboration is at the heart of the role. This was presented clearly by the interviewed project managers which stated that their role means to coordinate the construction process, from early stages to completion of the projects, in order to ensure that the owner gets what has been ordered.

    The study presented three opportunities with BIM linked to communication and collaboration for a project manager. The first opportunity which the interview study presented was that BIM is a good tool of analysis within a project team. The project managers emphasized the importance of the project team’s ability to relate to the actual building in the planning stages for the team to make important decisions along the construction process. According to the BIM experts BIM allows for just this with 3D visualizations and renderings. The second opportunity which the interviews presented was that BIM enables an integrated, structured and efficient process of information. According to the BIM experts this is done with a BIM requirement specification which purpose is to streamline the flow of information in a project. In addition, BIM allows for an integrated working environment with a single point of information, which means that all project members get their information from the same place. According to both respondent groups this promotes the communication and collaboration within a project team because the project manager ensures that all participants are working with the latest material, and therefor avoids common misunderstandings and disputes.

    According to the results from the interviews, both the project managers and the BIM expert’s perception, were that the two above-mentioned possibilities withing communication and collaboration leads to a third opportunity, which is improvements in quality in the buildings that the project manager delivers to the owner.

    Despite the potential opportunities which the study presented regarding BIM, this master thesis also showed that there exists two big obstacles and challenges with the implementation of BIM. The first challenge was linked to the technical aspect of BIM, mainly the problems surrounding software and shared information between the different software’s. The second challenge was linked to the individual’s personal attitude, mainly the conservative attitude of the construction industry. 

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    fulltext
  • 42.
    Alklind Taylor, Anna-Sofia
    et al.
    University of Skövde, Sweden.
    Nalin, Kajsa
    University of Skövde, Sweden.
    Holgersson, Jesper
    University of Skövde, Sweden.
    Gising, Andreas
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden.
    Ferwerda, Bruce
    Jönköping university, Sweden.
    Chen, Lei
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Digital Systems, Mobility and Systems.
    Guardian Angel: Using Lighting Drones to Improve Traffic Safety, Sense of Security, and Comfort for Cyclists2023In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)Volume 14057 LNCS, Pages 209 - 223, Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH , 2023, Vol. 14057 LNCS, p. 209-223Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Active mobility, such as biking, faces a common challenge in Swedish municipalities due to the lack of adequate lighting during the dark winter months. Insufficient lighting infrastructure hinders individuals from choosing bicycles, despite the presence of well-maintained bike paths and a willingness to cycle. To address this issue, a project has been undertaken in the Swedish municipality of Skara for an alternative lighting solution using drones. A series of tests have been conducted based on drone prototypes developed for the selected bike paths. Participants were invited to cycle in darkness illuminated by drone lighting and share their mobility preferences and perception. This paper summarizes the users’ perception of drone lighting as an alternative to fixed lighting on bike paths, with a special focus on the impact on travel habits and the perceived sense of security and comfort. Most participants were regular cyclists who cited bad weather, time, and darkness as significant factors that deterred them from using bicycles more frequently, reducing their sense of security. With drone lighting, the participants appreciated the illumination’s moonlight-like quality and its ability to enhance their sense of security by illuminating the surroundings. On the technology side, they gave feedback on reducing the drone’s sound and addressing lighting stability issues. In summary, the test results showcase the potential of drone lighting as a viable alternative to traditional fixed lighting infrastructure, offering improved traffic safety, sense of security, and comfort. The results show the feasibility and effectiveness of this innovative approach, supporting transformation towards active and sustainable mobility, particularly in regions facing lighting challenges.

  • 43. Alm, Anna
    et al.
    Pedersén, Tony
    Framtidens planlösning i ett köpcentrum2020Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 44.
    Almssad, Asaad
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Archcrea Institute.
    Efficient daylighting approach by means of light-shelve device adequate for habitat program in Aarhus City2014In: International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy, ISSN 2315-4462, Vol. 3, no 4, p. 441-453Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The concepts of light shelves consist of windows that have face towards the sun, which receive a vast quantity of energy that could be used for healthy day lighting. This paper debates a main assessment, investigates the optimization of daylight requirement by means of light shelves system. An experimental test was carried out assessing the measurements and lighting simulations of a model of a building in order to elucidate the characteristics of indoor lighting. Light shelf is an architectural element that permits daylight to enter deep into a building. It constitutes an optimal solution for an incorrect building orientation and less sunny days. The essential objective of this study is to highlight the vital role of light shelves in residential buildings in northern Europa where the requirement is to improve the daylight in the interior functional spaces. The main objects of this paper are to investigate the effect of daylight in the interior functional spaces using light shelves, the effect of natural light diffusion in interior space in the period of low daylight season, and glare effect in this field. This paper investigates a procedure for analysing the daylight performance using software habitat function

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 45.
    Almssad, Asaad
    et al.
    Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Department of Sustainable architecture, Archcrea Institute, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Efficient daylighting approach by means of light-shelve device adequate for habitat program in Aarhus City2014In: International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy, ISSN 2315-4462, Vol. 3, no 4, p. 441-453Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The concepts of light shelves consist of windows that have face towards the sun, which receive a vast quantity of energy that could be used for healthy day lighting. This paper debates a main assessment, investigates the optimization of daylight requirement by means of light shelves system. An experimental test was carried out assessing the measurements and lighting simulations of a model of a building in order to elucidate the characteristics of indoor lighting. Light shelf is an architectural element that permits daylight to enter deep into a building. It constitutes an optimal solution for an incorrect building orientation and less sunny days. The essential objective of this study is to highlight the vital role of light shelves in residential buildings in northern Europa where the requirement is to improve the daylight in the interior functional spaces. The main objects of this paper are to investigate the effect of daylight in the interior functional spaces using light shelves, the effect of natural light diffusion in interior space in the period of low daylight season, and glare effect in this field. This paper investigates a procedure for analysing the daylight performance using software habitat function program. The experiment focuses on the difference between light shelves placed in the interior, vs. on the exterior.

  • 46.
    Almssad, Asaad
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Archcrea Institute.
    Green housing: The optimal Solution To Combat The Negative Effects Of Global Climatechange2010In: 3rd International Conference Palenc 2010 jointly organised with EPIC 2010 & 1st Cool Roofs Conference, University of Athens, Greece , 2010Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    No Architectural concept is complete without green areas. The vital mission of biophilic architecture is to revised conceptualization of architecture in response to a myriad of contemporary concerns about the effects of human activity. Our earth is warming more rapidly than it has in the past according to the research of scientists. The green building of biophilic architecture combines the interests of sustainability, environmental consciousness, green areas of the large nature, and organic approaches to evolve design solutions from these requirements and from the characteristics of the site, its neighborhood context, and the local microclimate and topography. The biophilic concept provides us with the opportunity to reach extremely low levels of energy consumption by employing high quality, cost-efficient measures to general architectural components - such measures are in turn off advantage to the ecology and economy sector. Our essential task of this research is to make of the green covering a human strategy in urban and architectural manner and to be a human culture with helping of local governments; we can acquire the competent legislation, which protect our life and environment.

  • 47.
    Almssad, Asaad
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences (from 2013).
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Jönköping university.
    Quality assurance in a sustainable architecture creation process2020In: Technology Reports of Kansai University, ISSN 0453-2198, Vol. 62, no 7Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The creativity of modern architects and urban planners, engineers and technologists working in various fields of design and construction activities as well as the creation and production of new materials, structures and technologies are inextricably linked with general trends in socio-economic development. It can effectively support the importance of architecture as a product in the sense of social response. The marketing activities are those activities that suffer adjustments due to the continuous changes in the users' needs to their behavior. In another hand, the subject of sustainable architecture and marketing became an important issue within design and construction process, where the application of the sustainable concept in design and execution process is rescuable, and it is not clear, therefore a clear reading of the building production by a clear strategy put sustainable architecture in a right way towards salability and it will be clear. The aim of this study is to create an evident comprehension, of the correlation between the phenomenon of marketing, supported by the concept of quality in sustainable architecture, and what it represents for the building users today. The method in this article takes two kinds of approach, the first is a literature study the other one is a semi-structured quality method, where an involved person has to create a hierarchy of priorities of many factors, related to the sustainable architecture factors. The study offers a clear reading of the most required factors of building users for getting a high-quality sustainable architecture.

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    sustainable architecture
  • 48.
    Almssad, Asaad
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences (from 2013).
    Almusaed, AmjadJönköping University.
    Sustainable Cities: Authenticity, Ambition and Dream2019Collection (editor) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This book has been written to represent the efficient applications of sustainability in urban areas. The book intends to illustrate various techniques of action on sustainability on city conception, functions and conformation. This book is divided into four parts and nine chapters: Section I is entitled "Introduction to Sustainable Cities Concept" and contains one chapter "Introductory chapter: Overview of Sustainable Cities Theory and Practices," which discusses sustainability in cities in conception and practice. Section II is entitled "Energy and Environmental Analysis of Sustainable Cities Models." This includes four chapters. It expresses the effect of the environment and energy embodiment on city configuration and function. Section III is entitled "The Role of Transport in a Sustainable City." This part includes two chapters. Section IV is entitled "The influence of Social and Economic Factors in Urban Space Conception." It includes two chapters.

  • 49.
    Almssad, Asaad
    et al.
    Karlstad University, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology (starting 2013), Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Archcrea Institute.
    Kalil Almusaed, Zaki
    Heat Island Effects Upon The Human Life On The City Of Basrah2007In: Building Low Energy Cooling and Advanced Ventilation Technologies in the 21st Century: 2nd PALENC Conference 28th AIVC Conference / [ed] M. Santamouris, P. Wouters, Crete island: University of Athens , 2007, p. 45-47Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    After the terrible consequence of the Iraq –Iran war and recently USA attack over Iraq the urban green covering disappeared from large areas of the city, beside the extension of the building over the green areas. The negative effects of this phenomenon over human’s thermal comfort become more perceptive. Today we can observe clearly the negative effect of urban heat island in the center of Basra city, precisely in physical frameworks of the city; we can observe a typical phenomenon with a large negative effect for the period of summer heating that is a natural thermodynamic phenomenon. In the surfaces of physical framework, in the core of day between 12-15 pm, the sun is shining perpendicular above the earth surfaces (framework physic). Consequently the temperature on the earth surfaces increases surprisingly up to 60 ºC. Therefore there occurs a difference of temperature between the earth surfaces and cosmos space which conduce to generate a gigantic colonization of air from the earth surface to cosmos space, such resultants of this phenomenon is no air zones and under pressure on earth surfaces, with the intention of making a nasal bleeding, which seeking for a medical intervention aide.

  • 50.
    Almusaed, Amjad
    Archcrea Institute, Viby J, Denmark.
    Biophilic and bioclimatic architecture: Analytical therapy for the next generation of passive sustainable architecture2011Book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The concept of biophilic and bioclimatic architecture represents one of the most promising ideas in sustainable building. Together with its consideration of ecologically harmless materials and use of renewable energy sources, it brings an enormous quality increase in planning and workmanship, as well as an improvement in inhabitants' comfort. This valuable concept merits a dedicated discussion.

    Biophilic and Bioclimatic Architecture outlines a new movement that aims to create environmentally-friendly, energy-efficient buildings and developments by effectively managing natural resources. The book has three parts:

    • Part I focuses on the impact of human needs on the creation process and assesses the concept of value in architectural hypotheses.
    • Part II opens the way to a new understanding of biophilic architecture as a response to destructive human activities and also considers the side effects of using natural resources.
    • Part III shows the significant benefits of making the connection between climate and comfort that can be achieved through bioclimatic architecture.

    Biophilic and Bioclimatic Architecture will enable architects, engineers and other specialists to develop innovative, sustainable architectural designs.

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