Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet

Change search
Refine search result
1234567 1 - 50 of 39572
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1.
    Aaboen, Lise
    NTNU, Trondheim.
    BATON-CHANGING ON EGGSHELLS – TRANSFERRING SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIPS WHEN MOVING PRODUCTION2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Production transfers are a result of outsourcing and offshoring decisions. Though, because of

    the strategic focus of the outsourcing literature have not the operational issues of how

    relationship development between sender, receiver and raw material been fully depicted. The

    purpose of the present paper is to explore relationship development connected to transfer of

    raw material supplies responsibility during transfer of production. To fulfil the purpose, four

    different production transfers were studied: three from Sweden to China, Romania and

    Hungary respectively and one transfer from Holland to Sweden. We can see that the

    dependence and power shifts gradually between the sender and the receiver and the

    relationship between them sets the arena for what relationship is developed between the

    receiver and the raw material suppliers. Furthermore, short social distances can over bridge

    cultural and technological distances to some extent, because it motivates to take the

    relationship into a more developed state.

  • 2.
    Aaboen, Lise
    et al.
    Department of Industrial Economics and Technology Management, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
    Fredriksson, Anna
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
    The relationship development aspect of production transfer2016In: Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, ISSN 1478-4092, E-ISSN 1873-6505, Vol. 22, no 1, p. 53-65Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Production transfers are a result of outsourcing and offshoring decisions. Because of the strategic focus of the outsourcing literature, the operational issues of relationship development between sender and receiver and its impact on the transfer progress have not been fully depicted. The purpose of the present paper is to explore relationship development during production transfer. To fulfil this purpose, we studied three different production transfers and derived four propositions for further testing. Our main conclusions included that dependence and power gradually shift between the sender and the receiver and that the relationship between them sets the arena for what types of relationships can be developed between the receiver and the suppliers. Furthermore, short social distances can bridge cultural and technological distances to some extent, because it motivates the actors to bring their relationship into a more developed state. Finally, we noticed that the headquarters’ involvement can work both as an inhibitor as well as a converter.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 3.
    Aagah, Orod
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.
    Aryannejad, Siavash
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.
    Dynamic analysis of soil-steel composite railway bridges: FE-modeling in Plaxis2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    A soil-steel composite bridge is a structure comprised of corrugated steel plates, which are joined with bolted connections, enclosed in friction soil material on both sides and on the top. The surrounding friction soil material, or backfill, is applied in sequential steps, each step involving compaction of the soil, which is a necessity for the construction to accumulate the required bearing capacity. Soil-steel composite bridges are an attractive option as compared with other more customary bridge types, owing to the lower construction time and building cost involved. This is particularly true in cases where gaps in the form of minor watercourses, roads or railways must be bridged.

    The objective of this master thesis is the modelling of an existing soil-steel composite railway bridge in Märsta, Sweden with the finite element software Plaxis. A 3D model is created and calibrated for crown deflection against measurement data collected by the Division of Structural Engineering and Bridges of the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm, Sweden.

    Once the 3D model is calibrated for deflection, two 2D models with different properties are created in much the same way. In model 1, the full axle load is used and the soil stiffness varied, and in model 2 the soil stiffness acquired in the 3D model is used and the external load varied. The results are compared to measurement data. In 2D model 1 an efficient width of 1,46 m for the soil stiffness is used in combination with the full axle load, and in 2D model 2 an efficient width of 2,85 m is used for the external load, in combination with the soil stiffness acquired in the 3D model.

    Aside from this, parametric studies are performed in order to analyse the effect of certain input parameters upon output results, and in order to analyse influence line lengths.

    Recreating the accelerations and stresses in the existing bridge using finite element models is complicated, and the results reflect this. Below are shown the discrepancies between model results and measurement data for the pipe crown. The scatter in the measurement data has not been taken into consideration for this; these specific numbers are valid only for one particular train passage.

    For crown deflection, the 3D model shows a discrepancy of 4%, 2D model 1 5% and 2D model 2 8% compared with measurement data. For crown acceleration, in the same order, the discrepancy with measurements is 1%, 71% and 21% for maximum acceleration, and 46%, 35% and 28% for minimum acceleration. For maximum crown tensile stress, the discrepancy is 95%, 263% and 13%. For maximum crown compressive stress, the discrepancy is 70%, 16% and 46%.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 4.
    Aagah, Orod
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering.
    Kardan, Caesar
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering.
    Ett tillgängligt och användarvänligt boende: Anpassningsmöjligheter för människor med rörelsehinder och nedsatt rörelseförmåga2012Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we have theoretically built a house designed for people with impaired mobility. The

    essay begins with an introduction in which the purpose of the work, the methodology and the

    depth-research part is presented. Then the layout that explains how we intend to adapt the house

    for the demands detailed in the depth-research part is presented. In the same chapter various

    structural components, such as different floors and walls, are specified.

    In the selection of materials we have taken into account the criteria of our specialization and

    adaptation to the aesthetic aspects, where we evaluate materials based upon our wishes regarding

    technique and form. There are also other aspects that are important in the selection of materials,

    including that these are adapted to technical traits of the construction elements and installations.

    In a later chapter the technical installations such as ventilation systems, heating systems,

    electricity and sanitation are presented, where both technical and financial aspects are described

    in detail. The economic aspects are also described in connection with calculating the building's

    power and energy requirements and then presented in the section where costs are accounted for.

    Finally, the work is summarized in the section “Conclusion and Discussion” in which we analyze

    all the work, and based on these analyses conclusions are drawn. During the course of work

    regulations such as Boverkets Byggregler (BBR) and other sources were used. These sources are

    presented in the bibliography section. We also received help and guidance from our supervisors

    in various parts of the work, which we are grateful for.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 5. Aalhuizen, Christoffer
    Potential of V2G in a Rural Low-Voltage Grid on Gotland for Voltage and Power Capacity Control2019Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish transportation sector needs to undergo major changes in order to achieve the established goals for climate and environment. The largest change is the replacement of fossil-fuelled vehicles to vehicles propelled by renewable energy sources, such as biofuels and electricity. To account for an increase in local electric power consumption, the electric power infrastructure of Sweden needs to adapt through expansion and reconstruction of the electric power grid. However, changes in infrastructure are usually expensive. It is therefore suitable to also examine alternative solutions, which could potentially be more cost efficient. One of these solutions are vehicle-to-grid (V2G), where electric vehicles acts as local electric power control and provides auxiliary services to the electric power grid. This thesis is a case study of a part of a low-voltage electric power grid on Gotland, with the goal of analysing the potential of V2G in the investigated area. The study focused on utilizing V2G for balancing electric power consumption and generation, and for adjusting voltage levels. Simulations of the area were executed in PSS®E for three different cases; one high-load case, low-load case and average-load case. It was found that by utilizing V2G a ramp up of electric power during mornings was delayed by approximately one hour, making the electric power grid potentially more compatible with photovoltaics (PV). However, the overall effects from V2G was fairly low. This outcome can partly be explained by the assumptions made in the report, and also due to some odd behaviour of the system model. 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 6.
    Aalipour, Mojgan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Human Factors Approach for Maintenance Improvement2015Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this research work is to explore and describe human factors affectingmaintenance execution. To achieve the purpose of this study, the influencing factors have been identified using a literature survey. They have been categorized into four main groups namely organizational, workplace, job and individual factors. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is employed on data questionnaires to rank the priority of the factors. The interrelationships between these factors have been recognized by theInterpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) model. In the present case studies, MICMAC1analysis technique is also implemented for identifying the driving, dependent, linkage and autonomous factors. The data was collected through a questionnaire survey involving the participation of 16 and 25 maintenance staff and 10 mining experts in Swedish and Iranian mines, respectively. Within the study, it has been identified that the temperature, work layout, tools design and tools availability are the most important factors in both mines related to these categories. However, the significant factors in the organizational and individual categories are different in the selected mines. The effect of workplace factors on the maintainability of mining equipment is discussed and thereafter a methodology for maintainability management in the design and operation phases is developed. In the thirdcase study HEART2 is applied to estimate the probability of human error occurring duringmaintenance execution in an Iranian cable company. This research supports maintenance management to gain knowledge of human factors that affect maintenance execution. Further, this understanding could be useful in the development of strategies to improve the execution of maintenance.Keywords: Human Factors, Maintenance Management, Human Reliability, HumanPerformance, AHP, ISM, MICMAC, HEART

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 7.
    Aalipour, Mojgan
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Ayele, Yonas Zewdu
    Department of Engineering and Safety, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø.
    Barabadi, Abbas
    Tromsø University, Department of Engineering and Safety, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø.
    Human reliability assessment (HRA) in maintenance of production process: a case study2016In: International Journal of Systems Assurance Engineering and Management, ISSN 0975-6809, E-ISSN 0976-4348, Vol. 7, no 2, p. 229-238Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Human reliability makes a considerable contribution to the maintenance performance, safety, and cost-efficiency of any production process. To improve human reliability, the causes of human errors should be identified and the probability of human errors should be quantified. Analysis of human error is very case-specific; the context of the field should be taken into account. The aim of this study is to identify the causes of human errors and improve human reliability in maintenance activities in the cable manufacturing industry. The central thrust of this paper is to employ the three most common HRA techniques—human error assessment and reduction technique, standardized plant analysis risk-human reliability, and Bayesian network—for estimating human error probabilities and then to check the consistency of the results obtained. The case study results demonstrated that the main causes of human error during maintenance activities are time pressure, lack of experience, and poor procedure. Moreover, the probabilities of human error, obtained by employing the three techniques, are similar and consistent

  • 8.
    Aalipour, Mojgan
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Barabadi, Abbas
    Tromsø University, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway.
    Work place factors effect on maintainability in challenging operating conditions2015In: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM): Singapore, 6-9 Dec. 2015, Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Communications Society, 2015, p. 767-771, article id 7385751Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Some industries such as mining industry create complex and challenging work place for maintenance crews. For example in an underground mine, for some machines, heavy maintenance tasks must be performed on site in a limited workspace in a harsh environment, including dust and improper illumination. Such operating conditions can increase the health, safety, and environment (HSE) risk, reduce the availability of the machines and increase the life cycle cost of equipment. A review of current mining equipment design and maintenance procedure confirms that considerable reduction in HSE risk, as well as substantial cost savings, can be achieved by considering human factors. This study discusses the effect of workplace factors on the maintainability of mining equipment. It presents the results from questionnaires on the effect of work place factors on maintainability performance given to maintenance staff at two mines, one in northern Sweden and the other in Iran.

  • 9.
    Aalipour, Mojgan
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Singh, Sarbjeet
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Identification of Factors affecting Human performance in Mining Maintenance tasks2014In: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop and congress on eMaintenance: June 17-18 Luleå, Sweden : eMaintenance, Trends in technologies & methodologies, challenges, possibilites and applications / [ed] Uday Kumar; Ramin Karim; Aditya Parida; Philip Tretten, Luleå: Luleå tekniska universitet, 2014, p. 71-76Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper investigates the factors affecting humanperformance in maintenance task in mining sector. Theobjective is identify various factors and to classify them asdriving (strong driving power and weak dependence) anddependent factors (weak driving power and strongdependence). The factors were identified through literaturesurvey and are ranked using mean score of data questionnaire.The reliability of measures is pretested by applyingCronbach’s alpha coefficient to responses to a questionnairegiven to maintenance personnel. The interrelationshipsbetween human factors have been recognized by interpretivestructural modeling (ISM). Further, these factors have beenclassified using matrice d'impacts croises-multiplicationappliqué à un classement (MICMAC) analysing. This casestudy will figure out the factors affecting human performancefor deriving maintenance management insights to improveproductivity in the mining sector. Further, this understandingmay be helpful in framing the policies and strategies formining industry. Temperature, lighting, documentation,communication and fitness are driving factors. Moreover,Work layout, tools availability, complex tasks, time pressure,safety, boss decisions, training, fatigue and motivation havestrong driving power as well as high dependencies and itcomes under the category of linkage factors.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 10.
    Aalto, Jonatan
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Concrete Structures.
    Neuman, Elisabeth
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Concrete Structures.
    Comparison of Punching Shear Design Provisions for Flat Slabs2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    A new generation of EN 1992-1-1 (2004) also known as Eurocode 2 is under development

    and currently there is a set of proposed provisions regarding section 6.4

    about punching shear, PT1prEN 1992-1-1(2017). It was of interest to compare the

    proposal with the current punching shear design provisions.

    The aim of this master thesis was to compare the punching shear resistance obtained

    in accordance with both design codes. Furthermore the eect of some parameters

    on the resistance was to be compared. It was also of interest to evaluate the userfriendliness

    of the proposal.

    In order to meet the aim, a case study of a real  at slab with drop panels was performed

    together with a parametric study of a pure ctive  at slab. The parametric

    study was performed for inner, edge and corner columns in the cases prestressed,

    without and with shear reinforcement.

    It was concluded that the distance

    av from the column axis to the contra  exural

    location has a big in uence on the punching shear resistance. The factor

    ddg

    considering concrete type and aggregate properties also has a big impact on the resistance.

    The simplied estimation of

    av according to 6.4.3(2) in PT1prEN 1992-1-1

    (2017) may be inaccurate in some cases.

    The length

    b0 of the control perimeter has a larger eect on the resistance in EN

    1992-1-1 (2004) than in PT1prEN 1992-1-1 (2017).

    In PT1prEN 1992-1-1 (2017), studs located outside the second row has no impact

    on the resistance.

    The tensioning force in a prestressed  at slab has a larger in uence on the resistance

    in PT1prEN 1992-1-1 (2017) than in EN 1992-1-1 (2004). Furthermore,

    the reinforcement ratio is increased by the tendons, and thus aect the resistance in

    PT1prEN 1992-1-1 (2017).

    Clearer provisions for the denition of the support strip

    bs for corners and ends

    of walls are needed in PT1prEN 1992-1-1 (2017).

    It may be questionable if the reduction of the perimeter for a large supported area in

    accordance with 6.4.2(4) in PT1prEN 1992-1-1 (2017) underestimates the resistance

    v

    in some cases.

    Considering the work-load with PT1prEN 1992-1-1 (2017), more parameters are

    included. However, they may not require that much eort to obtain.

    Keywords: Punching shear, resistance, concrete,  at slab, design provisions, Eurocode

    2, case study, parametric study, shear reinforcement, prestressed

    vi

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 11.
    Aamodt, Edvard
    et al.
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Fire and Safety.
    Holmvaag, Anders Ole
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Fire and Safety.
    Sanfeliu Melia, Cristina
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Fire and Safety.
    Erfaringer med mobile vanntåkeanlegg installert i boliger2022Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Experiences regarding personal protection water mist systems installed in dwellings. Personal protection water mist systems can produce a water mist that can cool down and limit a fire in a small area in a dwelling. The system is equipped with sensitive detectors which can activate the system in the early stages of the fire and limit the fire spread, and in some cases extinguish the fire. This gives more time for evacuation, which can be especially important for vulnerable people with risk factors, like impaired cognitive and physical functioning. The goal of this study has been to map the experiences in Norway regarding personal protection water mist systems, considering how the municipalities have experienced the work related to the systems and whether the systems have activated and saved lives. This will shed light upon whether mobile water mist systems are appropriate measures for vulnerable people in the society, and the risk factors that determine whether the measure is appropriate or not. This study has used literature studies, questionnaires, and interviews to map the experiences of personal protection water mist systems in Norway. The results showed that personal protection water mist systems installed in Norwegian dwellings have been activated in connection with fire outbreaks, and thus limited or extinguished the fire. This has saved lives on several occasions and reduced the damage potential. There are many people who have risk factors that make it appropriate to install a mobile water mist system in their home, but there are also exceptions. The risk factors that indicate that it is beneficial to install mobile water mist systems in Norwegian dwellings are - Impaired cognitive abilities - Impaired physical abilities - Drug and alcohol problems - Smoking - Living alone The systems are particularly suitable when several of the risk factors are present at the same time. It was also shown that personal protection water mist systems are not suitable for mobile people who spend time in several places in the home and are therefore often outside the system's coverage area. Personal protection water mist systems are not recommended for people who may have the potential to sabotage the system. In questionnaires and interviews, it emerged that there are big differences between how Norwegian municipalities work with assigning, installing, operating, and maintaining personal protection water mist systems. In larger municipalities, there are more people who rely on routines and formal processes for the work, and there is therefore a greater proportion of the larger municipalities who distribute the facilities out to individuals than in the small municipalities where the work is more characterised by informal routines and personal relations. 3 Based on the results from this study, it is our opinion that the following aspects should be covered by future work: • Need for a new and updated cost-benefit analysis for personal protection water mist systems. • Need for a better statistical basis for assessment of the personal protection water mist systems. • Need for a Norwegian test standard for personal protection water mist systems. • Need for clear guidelines for assignment, procurement, installing, operation, and maintenance of personal protection water mist systems.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 12.
    Aamodt, Edvard
    et al.
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Fire Technology.
    Rønning, Birger
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Fire Technology.
    Sikkerhetsbehov for kullgriller i restauranter2020Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The RISE report 2019:04 «Charcoal and wood burning ovens in restaurants – Fire safety and documentation requirements» [1] investigated regulations and documental demands tied to charcoal and wood burning ovens in restaurants in Norway. A part of the conclusion in this report emphasized the need for, through physical testing, mapping whether existing test standards covers the safety requirements of charcoal ovens in restaurants. NS-EN 13240:2001 «Roomheaters fired with solid fuel. Requirements and test methods» [2] was chosen as a relevant test standard. Three test ovens (a closed test oven, a dummy oven and an open test oven) was produced at RISE Fire Research. Their construction with regard to insulation capabilities, materials and dimensions was based on existing charcoal ovens placed on the Norwegian marked. This was done to achieve an objective depiction of the issue, without the need for a specific brand of ovens. Restaurant oven charcoal was utilized to achieve as real heat development as possible in the test ovens. The test layout is based on NS-EN 12340:2001, with a test rigg constructed of two «safety walls», ceiling and floor attached with thermocouples. Temperatures from the test oven are registered in the safety walls at several positions according to a standardised grid, and in the ceiling and the floor each have one single measurement position measuring warmest point. Thermocouples in the chimney and exhaust duct measured the flue gas temperatures transported to the exhaust system. Four different tests were conducted, where the first one was a standardized safety test including the closed oven model. The second test was the same safety test setup with the dummy oven besides the closed oven. The dummy contained a built-in propane burner to simulate the heat load from a real oven. The purpose was to simulate two ovens placed next to each other. The third test was an overload test on the closed test oven with 150 % fuel load and higher refuelling frequency. The last test was a test of the open test oven. The safety test method described in NS-EN 13240:2001 is suitable to test the level of stable maximal temperature in the surrounding combustible materials, in the same way as for roomheaters, which the method is designed for. The method addresses safety aspects such as surface temperatures and handles on the oven. Tests show that the temperatures developed in the ovens have the potential to breech the temperature criterion given by the test standard, and therefore contribute to the ignition of surrounding combustible materials. Such situations pose a fire risk and safety measures regarding this aspect must be documented by the producer. NS-EN13240:2001 does not cover temperatures for exhaust duct and the production of sparks and their possible spread to combustible materials. These are important safety aspects which must be addressed when documenting the fire safety of restaurant grills. Tests show that sparks are created in the oven, including from restaurant charcoal fuel, and are transported into the exhaust duct, and out through the opening of the grill door. Together with high flue gas temperatures in the exhaust duct and deposits of soot and cooking oil this pose a fire risk. Documentation must therefore be presented, showing that the oven is equipped with measures (for instance spark screen) which guards the exhaust duct from sparks to a satisfactory degree. Operators of the oven must receive adequate training and must operate the closed oven with caution, as to avoid incidents with sparks being released though the door. The placement of ovens next to each other does not seem to increase the heat load on surrounding walls but may lead to increased temperatures in between the ovens. The consequences of temperature increases must be documented. Tests show that overloading with fuel and intensifying the refuelling intervals can lead to increased temperatures in the oven, which can affect materials and welding seams. Overloading can also affect the temperatures towards surrounding walls and exhaust ducts and therefore may affect fire safety negatively. NS-EN 13240:2001 requires the producer to documents how the oven is constructed and of what materials, and that the welding seams are dimensioned for the materials used. It is recommended that the producer documents the safety level of the oven materials with an overload test. It must also be documented that the exhaust ducts in which the flue gas are transported are constructed to handle the potential temperatures that can arise, including erroneous use.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 13.
    Aamodt, Edvard
    et al.
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Fire and Safety.
    Steen-Hansen, Anne
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Fire and Safety. NTNU, Norway.
    Holmvaag, Ole Anders
    RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Safety and Transport, Fire and Safety.
    LEARNING FROM FIRE INCIDENTS : Analysis of a devastating fire in a building with municipal housing in Norway2022In: Proceedings of the 32nd European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL 2022), 2022, p. 1156-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article presents an analysis of a fire in a municipal apartment building used as housing for people with challenges connected to drug addiction. The fire took place in Norway 7th of August 2021. The incident happened during the night and the fire was spreading quickly and intensely via the external wooden balconies. The combination of risk factors both connected to the fire development and the characteristics of the occupants raises the potential for fire fatalities. This analysis seeks to understand why the fire spread with such a speed, and how everyone in the building survived without injuries. The analysis identified both technical and human factors that may help to answer these questions. The findings suggest that there were deficiencies connected to the technical fire safety design that if improved could have reduced the fire damage. Factors promoting the fire spread and fire intensity include the choice of wood material used in the construction of the balconies, no sprinkler system installed on the balconies and a large fire load on the balconies caused by the occupants’ tendency to accumulate possessions on the balconies. Factors contributing to the outcome of no injuries or fatalities included occupants being awake during these late hours, and the strong social network between them. Such a network should be seen as a positive factor regarding robustness against fire and should be encouraged.

  • 14.
    Aandahl, Hanna
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, School of Planning and Media Design.
    Tryggare Park: Åtgärdsförslag för Kroksbäcksparken ur ett trygghetsperspektiv2011Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year))Student thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Kan trygghet skapas? Trygghetsfrågorna har fått ett allt större utrymme i debatten om staden. Forskningen och debatten är långt ifrån entydig och recepten på trygghet varierar kraftigt mellan olika länder. Grovt kan de förespråkade åtgärderna delas in i två läger: säkerhet och trygghet. ”Säkerhet” med framför allt situationell brottsprevention med den filosofin att skadegörelse, våld och stölder leder till otrygghet, vilket i sin tur leder till att människor inte vågar ta plats i det offentliga rummet. Konsekvensen blir att de offentliga platserna mister sin sociala kontroll, och kriminalitet och otryggheten får ytterligare spelrum. ”Trygghet” förespråkar istället skapandet av en levande stad där folk vågar ta plats och på så sätt utöva en social och informell övervakning. I detta arbete undersöker jag hur tryggheten fungerar och hur den kan ökas i en otrygg park i södra Malmö -Kroksbäcksparken,

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 15. Aarsten, Dagrun
    Rapport forprosjekt : 3D-data over og under bakken (RIM)2015Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [nb]

    Vi har belyst at det er store årlige utgifter forbundet med vedlikehold på veg, og kvalitativt sammenliknet tall for Norge og Sverige. Samtidig ligger det en utfordring i at forskjellige typer vedlikeholdsoppgaver går inn under forskjellige avdelinger/budsjetter, slik at det krever internt samarbeid å virkelig belyse mulige totale besparelser ved vedlikehold og utbygging. Når det gjelder utstyr er det gjennomført en studie av flybårne og bilbårne sensorer, med fokus på datainnsamlingsmetoder som kan utføres uten stengning av veg. Samtidig er det utviklet en metode for oppgradering av posisjonssoftware som vil drastisk kunne redusere behovet for landmålte referansepunkter selv i områder uten satellittdekning (tunnel) som vil åpne helt nye muligheter for nøyaktig og effektiv dokumentasjon av infrastruktur. For visualisering, forvaltning og bruk av data er det studert en rekke kommersielle løsninger i tillegg til TerraTecs egenutviklede TerraView. Fordeler og ulemper med forskjellige verktøy er veid opp mot hverandre. Det er utarbeidet innspill til hva en slik type modell bør inneholde, og hvordan strukturen bør bygges opp, presenteres og forvaltes basert på konkrete innspill fra Trafikverket ut i fra deres behov.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Rapport forprosjekt : 3D-data over og under bakken (RIM)
  • 16.
    Aarts, Mariëlle P. J.
    et al.
    Building Physics and Services, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
    Aries, Myriam
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science. Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH. Research area Built Environment. Building Physics and Services, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
    Diakoumis, Adonia
    Building Physics and Services, Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
    van Hoof, Joost
    Fontys EGT—Centre for Healthcare and Technology, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
    Shedding a light on phototherapy studies with people having dementia: A critical review of the methodology from a light perspective2016In: American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementia, ISSN 1533-3175, E-ISSN 1938-2731, Vol. 31, no 7, p. 551-563Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Light therapy is applied to older people with dementia as a treatment to reset the biological clock, to improve the cognitive functioning, and to reduce behavioral symptoms. Although the methodological quality of light therapy studies is essential, many aspects concerning the description of the lighting applied are missing. This study reviewed light therapy studies concerning the effects on people with dementia as a way to check the methodological quality of the description of light from a light engineering perspective. Twelve studies meeting the inclusion criteria were chosen for further analysis. Each study was scored on a list of aspects relevant to a proper description of lighting aspects. The overview demonstrates that the overall quality of the methodologies is poor. The studies describe the lighting insufficiently and not in the correct metrics. The robustness of light therapy studies can be improved by involving a light engineer or specialist.

  • 17.
    Aarts, Mariëlle P. J.
    et al.
    Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Aries, Myriam
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science. Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Straathof, Jochem
    Department of the Built Environment, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    van Hoof, Joost
    Centre for Healthcare and Technology, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
    Dynamic lighting systems in psychogeriatric care facilities in the Netherlands: A quantitative and qualitative analysis of stakeholders’ responses and applied technology2015In: Indoor + Built Environment, ISSN 1420-326X, E-ISSN 1423-0070, Vol. 24, no 5, p. 617-630Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Long-term care facilities are currently installing dynamic lighting systems with the aim to improve the well-being and behaviour of residents with dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the implementation of dynamic lighting systems from the perspective of stakeholders and the performance of the technology. Therefore, a questionnaire survey was conducted with the management and care professionals of six care facilities. Moreover, light measurements were conducted in order to describe the exposure of residents to lighting. The results showed that the main reason for purchasing dynamic lighting systems lied in the assumption that the well-being and day/night rhythmicity of residents could be improved. The majority of care professionals were not aware of the reasons why dynamic lighting systems were installed. Despite positive subjective ratings of the dynamic lighting systems, no data were collected by the organizations to evaluate the effectiveness of the lighting. Although the care professionals stated that they did not see any large positive effects of the dynamic lighting systems on the residents and their own work situation, the majority appreciated the dynamic lighting systems more than the old situation. The light values measured in the care facilities did not exceed the minimum threshold values reported in the literature. Therefore, it seems illogical that the dynamic lighting systems installed in the researched care facilities will have any positive health effects.

  • 18.
    Aarts, Mariëlle P.J.
    et al.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    van Duijnhoven, Juliëtte
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    Aries, Myriam B. C.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineeering and Lighting Science. Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    Rosemann, Alexander L.P.
    Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
    Performance of personally worn dosimeters to study non-image forming effects of light: Assessment methods2017In: Building and Environment, ISSN 0360-1323, E-ISSN 1873-684X, Vol. 117, p. 60-72Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    When determining the effects of light on human beings, it is essential to correctly measure the effects, and to correctly measure the adequate properties of light. Therefore, it is important to know what is being measured and know the quality of the measurement devices. This paper describes simple methods for identifying three quality indices; the directional response index, the linearity index and the temperature index. These indices are also checked for several commonly used portable light measurement devices. The results stresses what was already assumed, the quality and the outcome of these devices under different circumstances were very different. Also, the location were these devices are normally worn has an impact on the results. The deviation range between worn vertically at eye level and the wrist is between 11% (outdoor) to 27% (indoor). The smallest deviation, both in indoor and outdoor, was found when the device was placed on the sides of the eye (7%). 

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 19.
    Aasa, Emma
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science. Jönköpings University.
    Rosell, Michaela
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Construction Engineering and Lighting Science. Jönköpings University.
    Den juridiska statusen för 3D-modeller som bygghandlingar2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction – This thesis in Building Engineering at Jönköping University, in collaboration with Tyréns Sweden AB, examines the issues surrounding 3D models as construction documents from a legal perspective and investigates how digitization affects stakeholders in the construction industry. The goal of the study is to explore a relevant and interesting research area in order to contribute to knowledge development and the advancement of new theories or methods in the field.

    Method – The study will employ qualitative research, including primary data collection through interviews, to address the research questions posed in the report. The authors have chosen this method to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the respondents' perspectives and identify important themes and patterns. The interviews were conducted with participants from various sectors of the construction industry to obtain a broader picture of the subject.

    Results – The study revealed that there are certain legal barriers to the use of 3D models as drawing documentation. These barriers are related to a lack of knowledge and uncertainty in handling the models. This includes issues of copyright, liability, and evidential value. There is a need to update current regulations to facilitate the management of digital models.

    Analysis – The analysis of the results clarifies that industry standards and clearer guidelines would prevent uncertainties and address knowledge gaps in the use of BIM and 3D models. An industry standard could have facilitated a smoother transition to a more digitized construction industry. There is also a need for education in the field for professionals and decision-making stakeholders.

    Discussion – The discussion focuses on possible solutions to the identified problems, such as the development of standards and guidelines, education, and regulatory updates. There is also a need to raise awareness about the legal aspects of using 3D models in the construction industry, as the uncertainty regarding their legal status is high. Legally, it is possible to use 3D models as contractual documents, but the study shows that concerns about the legal aspects are a reason for the weak implementation.

    Keywords – 3D model, 3D design, BIM, Building Information Modeling, construction documents, contractual law, and copyright.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 20.
    Aav, Cornelia
    Blekinge Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Spatial Planning.
    Stadens mikroklimat: Hur värmeöeffekten och värmeböljor påverkar det urbana livet2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Det finns en mängd miljöproblem på global, regional och lokal nivå, kunskap om de lokala miljöproblemen kan bli avgörande för förståelsen av vilka åtgärder som är lämpliga i vilka miljöer. Lokala miljöproblem är också mindre komplicerade och lättare att åtgärda relaterat till de regionala och globala problemen. Sedan urbaniseringens början har landskapen förändrats och ytor av öppen landsbygd har bildat stadsmiljöer för att ge utrymme till bland annat boende och arbetsplatser för människorna i staden. Urbaniseringen har lett till att urbana värmeöar har uppstått på grund av föroreningar från industrier, trafik, bostäder, värmesystem, luftpartiklars återstrålningseffekt, bebyggelsens utformning samt materialval, minskad avdunstningsavkylning, effektiv dränering och mycket mer.

    Flerfallstudien av några av Sveriges kommuners översiktsplaner och andra ledande dokument leder till en inblick i vad som anses vara hållbar stadsutveckling. Förtätning är en återkommande strategi för hållbar stadsutveckling inom ett flertal av Sveriges kommuner, ofta utifrån positiva sociala effekter, såsom ökad säkerhet, närhet mellan målpunkter, ökat underlag för kollektivtrafik etcetera. Det finns en mängd olika åtgärder för att minska stadens klimatpåverkan ur värmesynpunkt, en del är mer kostsamma än andra, samtidigt är en del mer experimentella än andra. En stad som förtätas innebär att outnyttjade eller redan bebyggda områden i staden exploateras, detta innebär att staden växer inåt. Då staden blir tätare och växer uppstår flera lokala miljöproblem, bland annat så ökar den urbana värmeöeffekten. Det talas sällan om de negativa miljöeffekter som uppstår vid olika planeringsprojekt, men att använda konkreta och enkla lösningar för att få fram genomförbara alternativ, kan leda till att värmeöeffekten samt miljöpåverkan minskar i städerna.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Stadens mikroklimat
  • 21.
    Abaid, Mohammed
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Sustainable development, Environmental science and Engineering, Land and Water Resources Engineering.
    Evaluation of Jatropha Curcas as future en-ergy crop in some African countries.2015Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Biofuels now days consider as one of the successful alternative to meet the challenges associated with climate change and peak oil, as well as a way for poorer countries to develop an industry in order to enhance social and economic development. In many developing countries and particularly in Africa, this has led to large-scale investments in lands by foreign companies, and as a consequence there has been a debate on whether these actions are environmentally sustainable and whether this kind of activity actually brings economic development. The investments of biofuels in Africa, espe-cially the Jatropha plantations are debatable. Several arguments have been concentrat-ed on development goals, economic issues and environmental concerns. This report evaluates the status of some Jatropha projects in Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanza-nia, the outcomes of the report show that biofuels from Jatropha lead to a significant socio -economic benefits by creating many jobs opportunities and improve the stand-ard of living in Africa. However, inadequate funding’s, high investment costs, no clear policies for biodiesel are the most challenging for Jatropha in Africa which need fur-ther mechanisms and ideology by African scientists, leaders, NGOs, farmers and deci-sion makers. In the studied countries, it was reported that the Jatropha produce low yields of oil seeds especially in the marginal lands with no enough water supplies. In Kenya the productivity of Jatropha is very low for large scale- project. Moreover some social and environmental impacts are also seen for Jatropha cultivations in Ethiopia, Kenya and Tanzania. Some Jatropha projects have impacted the food security nega-tively; nevertheless some biofuels experts believe that Jatropha has no any adverse im-pacts on food security since it is inedible and grown on marginal lands. In Ethiopia, the main environmental impacts of Jatropha are related to biodiversity, water quality and quantity. In Kenya, the environmental impacts are related to biodiversity, carbon emissions, water withdrawal, pollution of agro- chemicals usage, deforestation and soil erosion, whereas in Tanzania, the main environmental issues are connected to the change of land use system, impacts on biodiversity and impacts on water resources.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 22.
    Aban, Kevin
    et al.
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Göst, Jens
    Linköping University, Department of Science and Technology, Communications and Transport Systems. Linköping University, The Institute of Technology.
    Analysis of transports with pharmaceuticals on Arlanda airport2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Rapporten syftar till att kartlägga och analysera dagens transportflöde av läkemedel på fraktområdet Cargo City på Arlanda. Cargo Center och APH Logistics är två fraktagenter som har sin verksamhet på Cargo City. Observera att Cargo City och Cargo Center inte har samma innebörd. Cargo Center och APH Logistics erbjuder genom nära samarbete transport och hantering av temperaturkänsligt gods, som till exempel läkemedel. Läkemedel är värdefullt gods som kräver särskild skötsel vid transport, hantering och förvaring. Det ställer stränga krav på samtliga aktörer i försörjningskedjan. Genom studiebesök och intervjuer har författarna kartlagt det befintliga flödet av läkemedel. SACT, ett åkeri och dotterbolag till Cargo Center, utför transporten av godset till Cargo City med nerkylda lastbilar. APH Logistics omlastningsterminal på Cargo City är temperaturkontrollerad, vilket innebär att läkemedelsgodset förvaras och lastats i flygcontainrar där. Det färdiglastade godset forslas sedan vidare till Cargo Centers terminal. Där sker vikt- och volymkontroll av godset, det registreras i olika datasystem och slutligen märks det med etiketter, så som flygfraktsedeln. Mycket av godset som hanteras på Arlanda körs med lastbil till andra flygplatser och destinationer runt om i Europa istället för att flygfraktas direkt från flygplatsen. Dessutom hanteras och förvaras inte allt läkemedelsgods under temperaturkontrollerade former. En totalkostnadsanalys har gjorts för att jämföra olika transportflödesscenarion. Dessutom har författarna identifierat den kundservice Cargo Center och APH Logistics bör erbjuda kunden. Den bygger på kvalitativa resonemang. Resultatet av rapporten är författarnas rekommendation till företagen av hur de bör gå tillväga i framtiden. Den ger både kortsiktiga och långsiktiga tips.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 23. Abarkan, Abdellah
    The study of urban form in Sweden2009In: Urban Morphology, ISSN 1027-4278 , Vol. 13, no 2, p. 121-127Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Early research on urban form in Sweden was undertaken before the First World War. After the Second World War research was influenced by the major criticisms levelled at comprehensive urban renewal and suburban mass housing. These criticisms were particularly on the ground that values embodied in the traditional built environment were being ignored. Increased interest in the study of historical urban fabrics was associated with the development of methodologies reliant on the concepts of typology and morphology. These development were dependent on the activities of individual researchers until the very recent development of wider co-ordinating research organizations.

  • 24.
    Abascal, Angela
    et al.
    Univ Navarra, Sch Architecture, Pamplona, Spain.;Univ Navarra, Navarra Ctr Int Dev, Pamplona, Spain..
    Rodriguez-Carreno, Ignacio
    Univ Navarra, Fac Econ, Pamplona, Spain.;Univ Navarra, Data Sci & Artificial Intelligence Inst, Pamplona, Spain..
    Vanhuysse, Sabine
    Univ libre Bruxelles ULB, Dept Geosci Environm & Soc, Brussels, Belgium..
    Georganos, Stefanos
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Urban Planning and Environment, Geoinformatics.
    Sliuzas, Richard
    Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat, Enschede, Netherlands..
    Wolff, Eleonore
    Univ libre Bruxelles ULB, Dept Geosci Environm & Soc, Brussels, Belgium..
    Kuffer, Monika
    Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat, Enschede, Netherlands..
    Identifying degrees of deprivation from space using deep learning and morphological spatial analysis of deprived urban areas2022In: Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, ISSN 0198-9715, E-ISSN 1873-7587, Vol. 95, article id 101820Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Many cities in low- and medium-income countries (LMICs) are facing rapid unplanned growth of built-up areas, while detailed information on these deprived urban areas (DUAs) is lacking. There exist visible differences in housing conditions and urban spaces, and these differences are linked to urban deprivation. However, the appropriate geospatial information for unravelling urban deprivation is typically not available for DUAs in LMICs, constituting an urgent knowledge gap. The objective of this study is to apply deep learning techniques and morphological analysis to identify degrees of deprivation in DUAs. To this end, we first generate a reference dataset of building footprints using a participatory community-based crowd-sourcing approach. Secondly, we adapt a deep learning model based on the U-Net architecture for the semantic segmentation of satellite imagery (WorldView 3) to generate building footprints. Lastly, we compute multi-level morphological features from building footprints for identifying the deprivation variation within DUAs. Our results show that deep learning techniques perform satisfactorily for predicting building footprints in DUAs, yielding an accuracy of F1 score = 0.84 and Jaccard Index = 0.73. The resulting building footprints (predicted buildings) are useful for the computation of morphology metrics at the grid cell level, as, in high-density areas, buildings cannot be detected individually but in clumps. Morphological features capture physical differences of deprivation within DUAs. Four indicators are used to define the morphology in DUAs, i.e., two related to building form (building size and inner irregularity) and two covering the form of open spaces (proximity and directionality). The degree of deprivation can be evaluated from the analysis of morphological features extracted from the predicted buildings, resulting in three categories: high, medium, and low deprivation. The outcome of this study contributes to the advancement of methods for producing up-to-date and disaggregated morphological spatial data on urban DUAs (often referred to as 'slums') which are essential for understanding the physical dimensions of deprivation, and hence planning targeted interventions accordingly.

  • 25. Abate, M.
    et al.
    De Jong, Gerard
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Centres, Centre for Transport Studies, CTS.
    The optimal shipment size and truck size choice - The allocation of trucks across hauls2014In: Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, ISSN 0965-8564, E-ISSN 1879-2375, Vol. 59, p. 262-277Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There has been a growing interest in understanding how firms allocate their trucks across hauls, and how this allocation changes under various economic environments. This study investigates how variations in route/haul, carrier and vehicle characteristics affect the optimal vehicle size choice and the associated choice of shipment size. We show that the two choices are derived from the same optimization problem. There can be a continuum of shipment sizes, but decision-makers in freight transport have to choose from a limited number of vehicle alternatives. Therefore, we use a discrete-continuous econometric model where shipment size is modeled as a continuous variable, and vehicle size/type choice as a discrete variable. The results indicate that when faced with higher demand, and during longer trips firms are more likely to use heavier vehicles and ship in larger quantities which suggest that firms are realizing economies of scale and economies of distance. The study also discusses the effect of vehicle operating cost on the vehicle selection process and its policy implications.

  • 26.
    Abate, Megersa
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Transport economics Stockholm.
    Determinants of Capacity Utilisation in Road Freight Transportation2014In: Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, ISSN 0022-5258, E-ISSN 1754-5951, Vol. 48, p. 137-152Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Recent performance indicators in the European road freight transport sector show there is an excess capacity. To shed light on this, this paper studies two aspects of capacity utilisation in trucking: the extent of empty running and the load factor. Using a joint econometric modelling framework, the paper shows that they can be explained as a function of haul, carrier, and truck characteristics. For estimation, a unique dataset from the Danish heavy vehicle trip diary was used. The results indicate distance and being a for-hire carrier have a positive effect on capacity utilisation, whereas the effect of truck size is non-linear.

  • 27.
    Abate, Megersa
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Transport economics Stockholm.
    De Jong, Gerard
    University of Leeds.
    The optimal shipment size and truck size choice: The allocation of trucks across hauls2014In: Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, ISSN 0965-8564, E-ISSN 1879-2375, Vol. 59, p. 262-277Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There has been a growing interest in understanding how firms allocate their trucks across hauls, and how this allocation changes under various economic environments. This study investigates how variations in route/haul, carrier and vehicle characteristics affect the optimal vehicle size choice and the associated choice of shipment size. We show that the two choices are derived from the same optimization problem. There can be a continuum of shipment sizes, but decision-makers in freight transport have to choose from a limited number of vehicle alternatives. Therefore, we use a discrete-continuous econometric model where shipment size is modeled as a continuous variable, and vehicle size/type choice as a discrete variable. The results indicate that when faced with higher demand, and during longer trips firms are more likely to use heavier vehicles and ship in larger quantities which suggest that firms are realizing economies of scale and economies of distance. The study also discusses the effect of vehicle operating cost on the vehicle selection process and its policy implications.

  • 28.
    Abate, Megersa
    et al.
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Transport economics Stockholm.
    Vierth, Inge
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Transport economics Stockholm.
    de Jong, Gerard
    University of Leeds.
    Joint econometric models of freight transport chain and shipment size choice2014Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In freight transportation, decisions regarding the choice of transport mode (or chains of modes) and shipment size are closely linked. Building on this basic insight, in this paper we estimate and review various joint econometric models using the Swedish National Commodity Flow surveys. Robust parameter estimates from this exercise will be used to update the current deterministic Swedish national freight model system (the SAMGODS model) to a stochastic one.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 29.
    Abate, Megersa
    et al.
    Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut, Transportekonomi Stockholm, TEK-S.
    Vierth, Inge
    Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut, Transportekonomi Stockholm, TEK-S.
    de Jong, Gerard
    University of Leeds.
    Joint econometric models of freight transport chain and shipment size choice2014Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In freight transportation, decisions regarding the choice of transport mode (or chains of modes) and shipment size are closely linked. Building on this basic insight, in this paper we estimate and review various joint econometric models using the Swedish National Commodity Flow surveys. Robust parameter estimates from this exercise will be used to update the current deterministic Swedish national freight model system (the SAMGODS model) to a stochastic one.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 30.
    Abate, Megersa
    et al.
    World Bank.
    Vierth, Inge
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Transport economics.
    Karlsson, Rune
    Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics.
    de Jong, Gerard
    University of Leeds.
    Baak, Jaap
    dSignificance.
    A disaggregate stochastic freight transport model for Sweden2018In: Transportation, ISSN 0049-4488, E-ISSN 1572-9435, p. 1-26Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents estimation results for models of transport chain and shipment size choice, as well as an implementation of the estimated disaggregate models (for two commodity groups), in the context of the national freight transport model for Sweden. The new model is a disaggregate and stochastic (logit) model, whereas the existing Swedish national model is deterministic. One advantage of the new approach is that it bases the underlying behavior of shippers on a stronger empirical foundation (that is micro-data from the Swedish Commodity Flow Survey, CFS). Another advantage is that it overcomes a well-known disadvantage of deterministic models that lead to implausibly large responses to changes in scenario or policy variables. Although estimation and implementation of aggregate stochastic models were done before, in the context of a national freight transport forecasting model, we think this is the first implementation of disaggregate freight transport chain and shipment size models estimated on choice data for individual shipments, certainly in Europe. We carried out a number of model runs with both versions of the implemented model to compare elasticities and found that transport cost and time elasticities for tonne-km are smaller (in absolute values) in the disaggregate stochastic model than in their deterministic counterparts.

  • 31.
    Abate, Megersa
    et al.
    VTI.
    Vierth, Inge
    VTI.
    Karlsson, Rune
    Jong, Gerard de
    Baak, Jaap
    Estimation and implementation of joint econometric models of freight transport chain and shipment size choice2016Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Som en del av utvecklingen av det svenska nationella godstransportmodellsystemet (SAMGODS) utvecklades en stokastisk logistikmodell i form av en disaggregerad modell (random utility model) för val av transportkedja och sändningsstorlek, baserade på svenska Varuflödesundersökningen 2004/2005. Övergången från den nuvarande deterministiska modellen till en stokastisk modell är viktigt eftersom den stokastiska modellen har en starkare empirisk grund. Den deterministiska modellen baserar inte på företagens observerade beslut utan förutsätter att lösningen med de lägsta (operativa) kostnaderna alltid väljs. Vi har uppskattat s.k. logit modeller som förklarar det kombinerade valet av sändningsstorlek (i diskreta viktklasser) och transportkedja för sexton olika varugrupper. En transportkedja (t ex väg- järnväg-väg) är en kombination av de transportmedel som används för att frakta en sändning mellan två platser. Transportkostnaden, transporttiden och sändningens värdedensitet är bland de viktigaste förklarande faktorerna. Probabilistiska modeller tar även hänsyn till effekten av utelämnade faktorer. Däremot förutsätter deterministiska modeller att man kan bortse från den stokastiska komponenten och att forskaren känner till samtliga faktorer som påverkar företagens beslut och att det inte finns någon slumpmässighet i beteendet. Genom att lägga till stokastiska komponenter i random utility modeller blir svarsfunktioner (uttryckt i sannolikheter) jämna i stället för att samlas vid 0 och 1 (som i den deterministiska modellen). Detta kan lösa problemet med over shootings som kan uppträda i den deterministiska modellen när man testar olika transportpolitiska åtgärder. Modellskattningar (av transportkedja och sändningsstorlek) för årliga företag till företag flöden av varugrupperna metallprodukter och kemiska produkter implementerades i SAMGODS. För varje företag till företag flöde beräknades sannolikheten att vissa transportkedjor och sändningsstorlekar väljs; dessa aggregeras till zon to zon flöden i PC-matrisen (PC = production consumption). Aggregerade OD matriser (OD = origin destination) i form av tonkilometer per trafikslag (och varugrupp) beräknas. Valet av omlastningspunkter modellerades med en deterministisk ansats eftersom Varuflödesundersökningen inte innehåller uppgifter om val/lokalisering av terminaler. De implementerade stokastiska modellerna för metallprodukter och kemiska produkter används för att beräkna elasticiteter till följd av ändrade kostnader för väg-, järnvägs- och sjötransporter. De beräknade elasticiteterna jämförs med motsvarande i elasticiteter för metallprodukter och kemiska produkter i den deterministiska modellen och i litteraturen. Elasticiteterna är som förväntat i allmänhet lägre (i absoluta tal) i den stokastiska modellen än i den deterministiska modellen. Länk: http://swopec.hhs.se/ctswps/abs/ctswps2016_001.htm

    Download full text (pdf)
    Estimation and implementation of joint econometric models of freight transport chain and shipment size choice
  • 32.
    Abba, S. I.
    et al.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Baze University, Abuja, Nigeria.
    Abdulkadir, R. A.
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria.
    Gaya, M. S.
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria.
    Sammen, Saad Sh.
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Diyala, Diyala Governorate, Iraq.
    Ghali, Umar
    Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Mersin-10, Nicosia, North Cyprus, 99138, Turkey.
    Nawaila, M. B.
    Department of Computer Science Education, Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare, Nigeria.
    Oğuz, Gözde
    Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Near East University, Mersin 10, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey.
    Malik, Anurag
    Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Effluents quality prediction by using nonlinear dynamic block-oriented models: A system identification approach2021In: Desalination and Water Treatment, ISSN 1944-3994, E-ISSN 1944-3986, Vol. 218, p. 52-62Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The dynamic and complex municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWWTP) process should be handled efficiently to safeguard the excellent quality of effluents characteristics. Most of the available mathematical models do not efficiently capture the MWWTP process, in such cases, the data-driven models are reliable and indispensable for effective modeling of effluents characteristics. In the present research, two nonlinear system identification (NSI) models namely; Hammerstein-Wiener model (HW) and nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous (NARX) neural network model, and a classical autoregressive (AR) model were proposed to predict the characteristics of the effluent of total suspended solids (TSSeff) and pHeff from Nicosia MWWTP in Cyprus. In order to attain the optimal models, two different combinations of input variables were cast through auto-correla-tion function and partial auto-correlation analysis. The prediction accuracy was evaluated using three statistical indicators the determination coefficient (DC), root mean square error (RMSE) and correlation coefficient (CC). The results of the appraisal indicated that the HW model outperformed NARX and AR models in predicting the pHeff, while the NARX model performed better than the HW and AR models for TSSeff prediction. It was evident that the accuracy of the HW increased averagely up to 18% with regards to the NARX model for pHeff . Likewise, the TSSeff performance increased averagely up to 25% with regards to the HW model. Also, in the validation phase, the HW model yielded DC, RMSE, and CC of 0.7355, 0.1071, and 0.8578 for pHeff, while the NARX model yielded 0.9804, 0.0049 and 0.9902 for TSSeff, respectively. For comparison with the traditional AR, the results showed that both HW and NARX models outperformed in (TSSeff) and pHeff prediction at the study location. Hence, the outcomes determined that the NSI model (i.e., HW and NARX) are reliable and resilient modeling tools that could be adopted for pHeff and TSSeff prediction.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 33.
    Abba, S.I.
    et al.
    Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Baze University, Abuja, Nigeria; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membrane and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
    Abdulkadir, R.A.
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria.
    Sammen, Saad Sh.
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Diyala, Diyala Governorate, Iraq.
    Pham, Quoc Bao
    Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Będzińska street 60, 41-200, Sosnowiec, Poland.
    Lawan, A.A.
    Department of Computer Science, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria.
    Esmaili, Parvaneh
    Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey.
    Malik, Anurag
    Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Bathinda 151001, Punjab, India.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Integrating feature extraction approaches with hybrid emotional neural networks for water quality index modeling2022In: Applied Soft Computing, ISSN 1568-4946, E-ISSN 1872-9681, Vol. 114, article id 108036Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The establishment of water quality prediction models is vital for aquatic ecosystems analysis. The traditional methods of water quality index (WQI) analysis are time-consuming and associated with a high degree of errors. These days, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) based models are trending for capturing nonlinear and complex processes. Therefore, the present study was conducted to predict the WQI in the Kinta River, Malaysia by employing the hybrid AI model i.e., GA-EANN (genetic algorithm-emotional artificial neural network). The extreme gradient boosting (XGB) and neuro-sensitivity analysis (NSA) approaches were utilized for feature extraction, and six different model combinations were derived to examine the relationship among the WQI with water quality (WQ) variables. The efficacy of the proposed hybrid GA-EANN model was evaluated against the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) and multilinear regression (MLR) models during calibration, and validation periods based on Nash–Sutcliffeefficiency (NSE), mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and correlation coefficient (CC) indicators. According to results of appraisal the hybrid GA-EANN model produced better outcomes (NSE = 0.9233/ 0.9018, MSE = 10.5195/ 9.7889 mg/L, RMSE = 3.2434/ 3.1287 mg/L, MAPE = 3.8032/ 3.0348 mg/L, CC = 0.9609/ 0.9496) in calibration/ validation phases than BPNN and MLR models. In addition, the results indicate the better performance and suitability of the hybrid GA-EANN model with five input parameters in predicting the WQI for the study site.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 34.
    Abbas, Ibrahim
    et al.
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Thurann, Alexander
    Jönköping University, School of Engineering, JTH, Civil Engineering and Lighting Science.
    Implementering av Aerogel-matta vid köldbryggor2020Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 35.
    Abbas, Nada
    et al.
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Informatics.
    Kans, Mirka
    Linnaeus University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering. Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.
    Information Needs of Gravel Road Stakeholders2022In: Infrastructures, E-ISSN 2412-3811, Vol. 7, no 12, article id 166Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Within any ecosystem, information sharing is essential. In this paper, the Swedish gravel road ecosystem is studied, where information plays a crucial role for the effective management of operations and maintenance. However, efficient information sharing is not enabled due to the lack of appropriate information systems. For addressing this issue, this paper intends to elicit information needs of gravel road stakeholders to support the design of a cloud-based information system. The main purpose is to explore the information needs of stakeholders within the Swedish gravel road ecosystem. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 11 participants representing key stakeholders in the ecosystem. Template analysis was used for analyzing the interview results. The major findings were a set of information needs covering road identification and condition, weather conditions, accessibility and traffic, maintenance policy, and sensor data. The results form a comprehensive information model for the further development of a cloud-based gravel road management system that would contribute to increased traffic safety and comfort, lower maintenance and management costs, and better decision-making abilities.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 36.
    Abbas, Nahla
    et al.
    School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Wasimi, Saleh
    School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Al-Rawabdeh, Abdulla M.
    Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan.
    Flow Variation of the Major Tributaries of Tigris River Due to Climate Change2019In: Engineering, ISSN 1947-3931, E-ISSN 1947-394X, Vol. 11, no 8, p. 437-442Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Iraq relies greatly  on  the  flow of  the  Euphrates  and  Tigris Rivers  and  their tributaries. Five tributaries namely Khabour, Greater Zab, Lesser Zab, AlAd- hiam  and  Daylia,  which  are  the  major  tributaries  of  Tigris  River,  sustain Northern  Iraq  Region,  a  semi-arid,  mainly  a  pastureland.  These  tributaries contribute about 24 km3  of water annually. The discharge in the tributaries, in recent  times,  has  been  suffering  increasing  variability  contributing  to  more severe droughts and floods apparently due to climate change. This is because there were no dams constructed outside Iraq previously. For an appropriate appreciation,  Soil  Water  Assessment Tool  (SWAT)  model  was used  to evaluate  the  impact  of  climate  change  on  their  discharge  for  a  half-centennial lead time to 2046-2064 and a centennial lead time to 2080-2100. The suitability of the model was first evaluated, and then, outputs from six GCMs were incorporated  to  evaluate  the  impacts  of  climate  change  on  water  resources under three emission scenarios: A1B, A2 and B1. The results showed that wa-ter resources are expected to decrease with time.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 37.
    Abbas, Nahla
    et al.
    School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne .
    Wasimi, Saleh A.
    School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne .
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources of Greater Zab River, Iraq2016In: Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, ISSN 1934-7359, E-ISSN 1934-7367, Vol. 10, no 12, p. 1384-1402Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Greater Zab is the largest tributary of the Tigris River in Iraq where the catchment area is currently being plagued by water scarcity and pollution problems. Contemporary studies have revealed that blue and green waters of the basin have been manifesting increasing variability contributing to more severe droughts and floods apparently due to climate change. In order to gain greater appreciation of the impacts of climate change on water resources in the study area in near and distant future, SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) has been used. The model is first tested for its suitability in capturing the basin characteristics, and then, orecasts from six GCMs (general circulation models) with about half-a-century lead time to 2046~2064 and one-century lead time to 2080~2100 are incorporated to evaluate the impacts of climate change on water resources under three emission scenarios: A1B, A2 and B1. The results showed worsening water resources regime into the future.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources of Greater
  • 38.
    Abbas, Nahla
    et al.
    School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Australia.
    Wasimi, Saleh A.
    School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Australia.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering.
    Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources in Diyala River Basin, Iraq2016In: Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, ISSN 1934-7359, E-ISSN 1934-7367, Vol. 10, no 9, p. 1059-1074Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Diyala River is the third largest tributary of the Tigris River running 445 km length and draining an area of 32,600 km2. The river is the major source of water supply for Diyala City for municipal, domestic, agriculture and other purposes. Diyala River Basin currently is suffering from water scarcity and contamination problems. Up-to-date studies have shown that blue and green waters of a basin have been demonstrating increasing variability contributing to more severe droughts and floods seemingly due to climate change. To obtain better understanding of the impacts of climate change on water resources in Diyala River Basin in near 2046~2064 and distant future 2080~2100, SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) was used. The model is first examined for its capability of capturing the basin characteristics, and then, projections from six GCMs (general circulation models) are incorporated  to assess the impacts of climate change on water resources under three emission scenarios: A2, A1B and B1. The results showed deteriorating water resources regime into the future.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 39.
    Abbas, Nahla
    et al.
    School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne.
    Wasimi, Saleh A.
    School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Model-Based Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Isaac River Catchment, Queensland2016In: Engineering, ISSN 1947-3931, E-ISSN 1947-394X, Vol. 8, no 7, p. 460-470Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Isaac River catchment, which is located within Fitzroy basin in Central Queensland, Australia is mostly a semi-arid region, sparsely populated, but rife with economic activities such as mining, grazing, cropping and production forestry. Hydro-meteorological data over the past several decades reveal that the catchment is experiencing increasing variability in precipitation and streamflow contributing to more severe droughts and floods supposedly due to climate change. The exposure of the economic activities in the catchment to the vagaries of nature and the possible impacts of climate change on the stream flow regime are to be analyzed. For the purpose, SWAT model was adopted to capture the dynamics of the catchment. During calibration of the model 12parameters were found to be significant which yielded a R2 value of 0.73 for calibration and 0.66 for validation. In the next stage, six GCMs from CMIP3 namely, CGCM3.1/T47, CNRM-CM3, GFDLCM2.1, IPSLCM4, MIROC3.2 (medres) and MRI CGCM2.3.2 were selected for climate change projections in the Fitzroy basin under a very high emissions scenario (A2), a medium emissions scenario(A1B) and a low emissions scenario (B1) for two future periods (2046-2064) and (2080-2100). All GCMs showed consistent increases in temperature, and as expected, highest rate for A2 and lowest rate for B1. Precipitation predictions were mixed-reductions in A2 and increases in A1B and B1, and more variations in distant future compared to near future. When the projected temperaturesand precipitation were inputted into the SWAT model, and the model outputs were compared with the baseline period (1980-2010), the picture that emerged depicted worsening water resources variability.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 40.
    Abbas, Nahla
    et al.
    School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne.
    Wasimi, Saleh A.
    School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne.
    Bhattarai, Surya
    School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Centra l Queensland University, Melbourne .
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    The Impacts of Climate Change on Fitzroy River Basin, Queensland, Australia2017In: Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, ISSN 1934-7359, E-ISSN 1934-7367, Vol. 11, no 1, p. 38-47Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    An analysis of historical data of Fitzroy River, which lies in the east coast of Australia, reveals that there is an increasing trend in extreme floods and droughts apparently attributable to increased variability of blue and green waters which could be due to climate change. In order to get a better understanding of the impacts of climate change on the water resources of the study area for near future as well as distant future, SWAT (soil and water assessment tool) model was applied. The model is first tested for its suitability in capturing the basin characteristics with available data, and then, forecasts from six GCMs (general circulation model) with about half-a-century lead time to 2046~2064 and about one-century lead time to 2080~2100 are incorporated to evaluate the impacts of climate change under three marker emission scenarios: A2, A1B and B1. The results showed worsening water resources regime into the future.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 41.
    Abbas, Nahla
    et al.
    School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Wasimi, Saleh
    School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Sultana, Nasrin
    RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Water resources problems of Iraq: Climate change adaptation and mitigation2018In: Journal of Environmental Hydrology, ISSN 1058-3912, E-ISSN 1996-7918, Vol. 26, article id 6Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Iraq is suffering from water scarcity, and future predictions indicate that it could get worse due to changing climate. Arguably, climate change is one of the greatest challenges onfronting this region it could have significant adverse effects on water resources and hence the environment and economy, particularly in the agricultural sector. This study considers possible adaptation and mitigation measures that could be undertaken in response to climate change. To overcome this problem,adaptation measures at farm and government level were conferred. Farm-level adaptation comprises adopting crop modification, soil conservation, irrigation, changing crop calendar and planting of trees. The government role is to ensure success of these adaptation measures. The government should get involved and support the farmers financially and technologically.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 42.
    Abbas, Nahlah
    et al.
    Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Nasrin, Sultana
    RMIT, Melbourne, Australia.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Ali, Sabah H.
    Remote Sensing Center, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
    The Impacts of Sea Level Rise on Basrah City,Iraq: The Impacts of Sea Level Rise on Basrah City,Iraq2020In: Open Journal of Geology, ISSN 2161-7570, E-ISSN 2161-7589, Open Journal of Geology, ISSN 2161-7570, Vol. 10, no 12, p. 1189-1197Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sea Level Rise (SLR) above the Mean Sea Level (MSL) is more likely to cause a significant risk to the coastal regions. This research explores the potential impact of sea level rise, due to climate change, on coastal areas. It examines the impact of sea level rise on Basrah city and adjacent cities in Iraq. A digital elevation model (DEM) was used to create a model of Potentially Inundated Areas, manipulated and processed in Geographical Information System version 10.7 (ArcGIS 10.7). Through this model, the impact of sea level rise was assessed on the surface area. After the susceptible areas were delineated, it was estimated that at worst case scenario of 5 m sea level rise will impact Basrah city by losing 38 percent of its total surface area.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 43.
    Abbas, Nahlah
    et al.
    The school of engineering & technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Wasimi, Saleh A.
    The school of engineering & technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources of Greater Zab and Lesser Zab Basins, Iraq, Using Soil and Water Assessment Tool Model2017In: International Journal of Environmental, Chemical, Ecological, Geological and Geophysical Engineering, ISSN 2010-376X, Vol. 11, no 10, p. 823-829Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Greater Zab and Lesser Zab are the major tributaries of Tigris River contributing the largest flow volumes into the river. The impacts of climate change on water resources in these basins have not been well addressed. To gain a better understanding of the effects of climate change on water resources of the study area in near future (2049-2069) as well as in distant future (2080-2099), Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was applied. The model was first calibrated for the period from 1979 to 2004 to test its suitability in describing the hydrological processes in the basins. The SWAT model showed a good performance in simulating streamflow. The calibrated model was then used to evaluate the impacts of climate change on water resources. Six general circulation models (GCMs) from phase five of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) under three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5 for periods of 2049-2069 and 2080-2099 were used to project the climate change impacts on these basins. The results demonstrated a significant decline in water resources availability in the future.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 44.
    Abbas, Nahlah
    et al.
    School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
    Wasimi, Saleh A.
    School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Baby, Sultana Nasrin
    Department of Geospatial Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
    Recent Trends and Long-Range Forecasts of Water Resources of Northeast Iraq and Climate Change Adaptation Measures2018In: Water, E-ISSN 2073-4441, Vol. 10, no 11, p. 1-19, article id 1562Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Iraq has been experiencing water resources scarcity, and is vulnerable to climate change. Analysis of historical data revealed that the region is experiencing climate change to a degree higher than generally reported elsewhere. The relationship between climate change and its effect on water resources of a region has been sparsely addressed in published literature. To fill that gap this research work first investigates if there has been a significant change in climate in the region, which has been found to be true. In the next stage, the research projects future climatic scenarios of the region based on six oft-used General CirculationModel (GCM) ensembles, namely CCSM4, CSIRO-Mk3.6.0, GFDL-ESM2M, MEROC5, HadGEM2-ES, and IPSL-CM5A-LR. The relationship between climate change and its impact on water resources is explored through the application of the popular, widely used SWAT model. The model depicts the availability of water resources, classified separately as blue and green waters, for near and distant futures for the region. Some of the findings are foreboding and warrants urgent attention of planners and decision makers. According to model outputs, the region may experience precipitation reduction of about 12.6% and 21% in near (2049–2069) and distant (2080–2099) futures, respectively under RCP8.5. Those figures under RCP4.5 are 15% and 23.4%, respectively and under RCP2.6 are 12.2% and 18.4%, respectively. As a consequence, the blue water may experience decreases of about 22.6% and 40% under RCP8.5, 25.8% and 46% under RCP4.5, and 34.4% and 31% under RCP2.6 during the periods 2049–2069 and 2080–2099, respectively. Green water, by contrast, may reduce by about 10.6% and 19.6% under RCP8.5, by about 14.8% and 19.4% under RCP4.5, and by about 15.8% and 14.2% under RCP2.6 during the periods 2049–2069 and 2080–2099, respectively. The research further investigates how the population are adapting to already changed climates and how they are expected to cope in the future when the shift in climate is expected to be much greater.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 45.
    Abbas, Nahlah
    et al.
    School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Wasimia, Saleh A.
    School of Engineering & Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Water Resources of Lesser Zab, Kurdistan, Iraq Using SWAT Model2016In: Engineering, ISSN 1947-3931, E-ISSN 1947-394X, Vol. 8, p. 697-715Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Kurdistan in northern Iraq, a semi-arid region, predominantly a pastureland, is nourished by Lesser Zab, which is the second major tributary of Tigris River. The discharge in the tributary, in recent times, has been experiencing increasing variability contributing to more severe droughts and floods supposedly due to climate change. For a proper appreciation, SWAT model has been used to assess the impact of climate change on its hydrological components for a half-centennial lead time to 2046-2064 and a centennial lead time to 2080-2100. The suitability of the model was first evaluated, and then, outputs from six GCMs were incorporated to evaluate the impacts of climate change on water resources under three emission scenarios: A1B, A2 and B1. The results showed worsening water resources regime.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 46.
    Abbas, Nahlah
    et al.
    School of Engineering & Techno logy, Central Queensland Univ ersity, Melbourne, Australia .
    Wasimia, Saleh A.
    School of Engineering & Techno logy, Central Queensland Univ ersity, Melbourne, Australia .
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources of Al-Adhaim, Iraq Using SWAT Model2016In: Engineering, ISSN 1947-3931, E-ISSN 1947-394X, Vol. 8, p. 716-732Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    SWAT model (Sediment and Water Assessment Tool) was used to evaluate the impacts of climate change on water resources in Al-Adhaim Basin which is located in north east of Iraq. Al-Adhaim River is the main source of fresh water to Kirkuk City, one of the largest cities of Iraq. Recent studies have shown that blue and green waters of the basin have been manifesting increasing variability contributing to more severe droughts and floods apparently due to climate change. In order to gain greater appreciation of the impacts of climate change on water resources in the study area in near and distant future, SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) has been used. The model is first tested for its suitability in capturing the basin characteristics, and then, forecasts from six GCMs with about half-a-century lead time to 2046-2064 and one-century lead time to 2080-2100 are incorporated to evaluate the impacts of climate change on water resources under three emission scenarios: A2, A1B and B1. The results showed worsening water resources regime into the future.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 47.
    Abbas, Nahlah
    et al.
    School of Engineering & Technology Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Wasimia, Saleh A.
    School of Engineering & Technology Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Australia.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Assessment of climate change impacts on water resources of Khabour in Kurdistan , Iraq using SWAT model2016In: Journal of Environmental Hydrology, ISSN 1058-3912, E-ISSN 1996-7918, Vol. 24, p. 1-21, article id 10Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Khabour River is one of five tributaries of Tigris River and the first river flows into Tigris River contributing to Tigris Flow by about 2 BCM at Zakho Station. The area of this catchment is 6,143 km2, of which 57% are located in Turkey and 43% in Iraq with a total length of 181 km. Khabour River is the main source of fresh water to Duhok City, one of the major cities of Kurdistan Region. Hydrometeorological data over the past several decades reveal that the catchment is experiencing increasing variability in precipitation and stream flow contributing to more severe droughts and floods presumably due to climate change. SWAT model was applied to capture the dynamics of the basin. The model was calibrated at Zakho station. The performance of the model was rather satisfactory; R2 and ENC were 0.5 and 0.51, respectively in calibration period. In validation process R2 and ENC were nearly consistent. In the next stage, six GCMs from CMIP3 namely, CGCM3.1/T47, CNRM-CM3, GFDL-CM2.1, IPSLCM4, MIROC3.2 (medres) and MRI CGCM2.3.2 were selected for climate change projections in the basin under a very high emissions scenario (A2), a medium emissions scenario (A1B) and a low emissions scenario (B1) for two future periods (2046-2064) and (2080-2100). All GCMs showed consistent increases in temperature and decreases in precipitation, and as expected, highest rate for A2 and lowest rate for B1. The projected temperatures and precipitation were input to the SWAT model to project water resources, and the model outputs were compared with the baseline period (1980-2010), the picture that emerged depicted deteriorating water resources variability.

    Download full text (pdf)
    Khabour
  • 48.
    Abbas, Qaalid
    et al.
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Building Technology and Design.
    Hussein, Abdiwahab
    KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Building Technology and Design.
    Studie om framtagning av montageplaner: En granskning av monteringsprocessen för prefabricerat byggande2018Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Dagens industrier anpassar numera sin tillverkning för att kunna massproducera och dra ner på personal och kostnader. Detta innebär ökad automatisering med större och kraftigare maskiner, utrustning och verktyg. För att garantera säkerheten på arbetsplatsen är det därför viktigt att rätt skyddsanordning och myndighetskrav följs och används. I byggbranschen ställer arbetsmiljöverket krav på branschföretagen gällande arbetsmiljö och särskilda underlag för produktionsarbetet. Denna studie undersöker montageplanen som används vid industriellt byggande som innebär användning av tunga, prefabricerade, element vid husbyggnad.

    Syftet är att studera hur en montageplan planeras, upprättas och implementeras. Studien utförs på uppdrag av In3prenör och omfattar 10 veckors arbete. Författarna har tillhandahållits information kring montageplanen för två projekt som studerats jämsides. Det ena, ett pågående projekt, är Allégården som är ett ROT-projekt av ett vård- och omsorgsboende och det andra, projekt Arlanda, är en nybyggnation av en servicebyggnad. Metoder som använts för att uppnå resultatet har varit en kombination av litteraturstudier, granskning av montageplaner, platsbesök och intervjuer.

    Resultatet visar på att otydliga riktlinjer kring vad som ska inkluderas i montageplanen är det största skälet till att det blir fel på arbetsplatsen. Det har även från intervjuerna påpekats att på grund av den tidspressade situationen och målbilden att undgå förseningar kan det ske misstag som kan få allvarliga konsekvenser. För att förbättra kvaliteten i montageplanerna måste riktlinjer från arbetsmiljöverket och boverket bli tydligare gällande montageplanens innehåll. Det är också viktigt att kritiska moment som kan medföra ökade risker framgår i montageplanen, vidare kan montörer utbildas för att öka deras riskmedvetenhet.

  • 49.
    Abbas, Zainab Dekan
    et al.
    Environmental Department, Urban Planning College, Kufa University, Iraq.
    Al-Ansari, Nadhir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Mining and Geotechnical Engineering.
    Jassim, Osama
    Environmental Department, Urban Planning College, Kufa University, Iraq.
    Locating Dam Sites For Water Harvesting: Case Study Of Najaf Province, Iraq2019In: Journal of Environmental Hydrology, ISSN 1058-3912, E-ISSN 1996-7918, Journal of Environmental Hydrology, ISSN 1058-3912, Vol. 27, p. 1-8, article id 10Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Middle East is considered as an arid area. Iraq was an exception due to the presence of the Tigris  and  Euphrates  Rivers. After  1970,  the  flow  of  these  rivers  started  to  decrease  due  to  climate change  and  building  of  dams  in  the  upper  parts  of  the  catchments  of  the  rivers.  Now,  Iraq  is experiencing  water  shortage  problems.  Rain  water  harvesting  will  definitely  minimize  the  effect  of water shortage problems. In this research an arid area was selected (al Najaf) to find out the best sites for water harvesting using GIS techniques. The good agreement between the results from a simple GIS model  and  observations  in  cases  such  as  al  Najaf  Sea  is  indicating  a  promising  future  for  GIS application  in  hydrological  modeling.  The  present  study  proposed  a  function  formula  of  estimating suitable dam site using existing geographic information map such as the digital elevation maps. It is expected that it will save time, cost and work force. Finally, through the contour map of the study area, the lowest three elevation values at the governorate level were observed (20, 40, 60m). Based on these values, three possibilities were suggested to select the dam sites.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 50. Abbasi, Hassan
    Nedbrytning, avdunstning, adsorption och extraherbarhet av oljehaltiga jordar. Laboratorieförsök1993Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    (1) Jordterminologi och teori; (2) Oljor, förändringsprocesser; (3) Fakta om oljeprodukter; (4) Experiment

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
1234567 1 - 50 of 39572
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf