This thesis explores the challenges and opportunities of Agile Portfolio Management (APM) in the software development sector through a qualitative literature study. At the portfolio level, agile methodologies aim to improve organizational responsiveness and value delivery in changing market conditions. This research identifies key challenges like organizational resistance, scalability issues, and integration complexities. It also highlights opportunities like better stakeholder engagement, strategic alignment, and improved project delivery outcomes.

The study validates existing research on the difficulties of scaling Agile practices and managing cultural shifts, while also providing new insights into the continuous adaptation required for maintaining agility. Future research should develop hybrid models that combine Agile and traditional methodologies and investigate the factors that hinder Agile adoption. This research underscores the strategic advantages of APM, offering valuable guidance for both practitioners and scholars, and suggests actionable strategies for overcoming adoption barriers to fully harness the benefits of APM.