The XMM Cluster Survey: automating the estimation of hydrostatic mass for large samples of galaxy clusters - I. Methodology, validation, and application to the SDSSRM-XCS sampleUniv Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, England.;Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Dennis Sciama Bldg, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, England..
Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, England..
Univ Witwatersrand Johannesburg, Sch Phys, Private Bag 3, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa..
Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, England..
Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, England..
Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, England.;Imperial Coll London, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2AZ, England..
Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, England..
Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, England..
Observ Cote Azur, 96 Bd Observ, F-06300 Nice, France..
Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool Sci Pk,146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF, England..
Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, England..
Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA..
Univ Surrey, Sch Phys & Maths, Guildford GU2 7XH, England..
Univ Porto, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, CAUP, Rua Estrelas, P-4150762 Porto, Portugal.;Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, Rua Campo Alegre 687, P-4169007 Porto, Portugal..
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2025 (English)In: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, ISSN 0035-8711, E-ISSN 1365-2966, Vol. 537, no 2, p. 1404-1429Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
We describe features of the X-ray: Generate and Analyse (XGA) open-source software package that have been developed tofacilitate automated hydrostatic mass (Mhydro ) measurements from XMM X-ray observations of clusters of galaxies. This includesdescribing how XGA measures global, and radial, X-ray properties of galaxy clusters. We then demonstrate the reliability ofXGA by comparing simple X-ray properties, namely the X-ray temperature and gas mass, with published values presented bythe XMM Cluster Survey (XCS), the Ultimate XMM eXtragaLactic survey project (XXL), and the Local Cluster SubstructureSurvey (LoCuSS). XGA measured values for temperature are, on average, within 1 per cent of the values reported in the literaturefor each sample. XGA gas masses for XXL clusters are shown to be ∼10 per cent lower than previous measurements (though thedifference is only significant at the ∼ 1.8σ level), LoCuSS R2500 and R500 gas mass re-measurements are 3 per cent and 7 per centlower, respectively (representing 1.5σ and 3.5σ differences). Like-for-like comparisons of hydrostatic mass are made to LoCuSSresults, which show that our measurements are 10±3 per cent (19±7 per cent) higher for R2500 (R500 ). The comparison betweenR500 masses shows significant scatter. Finally, we present new Mhydro measurements for 104 clusters from the Sloan DigitalSky Survey (SDSS) DR8 redMaPPer XCS sample (SDSSRM-XCS). Our SDSSRM-XCS hydrostatic mass measurements are ingood agreement with multiple literature estimates, and represent one of the largest samples of consistently measured hydrostaticmasses. We have demonstrated that XGA is a powerful tool for X-ray analysis of clusters; it will render complex-to-measureX-ray properties accessible to non-specialists.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Oxford University Press, 2025. Vol. 537, no 2, p. 1404-1429
Keywords [en]
methods: data analysis, methods: observational, software: data analysis, galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium, X-rays: galaxies: clusters
National Category
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-555258DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staf007ISI: 001421118400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-86000500176OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-555258DiVA, id: diva2:1954591
2025-04-252025-04-252025-04-25Bibliographically approved