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Isolated Grid-Forming Control of Wave Energy Converter for Island Electrification
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Electricity.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8337-2146
Delft Univ Technol, Elect Sustainable Energy, NL-2628 CD Delft, Netherlands..
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Electricity.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1571-1318
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Science and Technology, Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Electricity.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5881-286X
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2025 (English)In: IEEE Access, E-ISSN 2169-3536, Vol. 13, p. 50860-50875Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

As the world transitions to renewable electrification to reduce CO2 emissions, remote island electrification remains a challenge. Although some islands are connected to the grid, many still rely on fossil fuels for electricity generation. Several studies indicate that renewable energy sources, such as wave energy, have the potential to make these islands self-reliant because of their substantial power potential. However, research on the control of power electronics converters for these systems remains limited. This paper proposes isolated grid-forming control for island electrification to address this gap using a wave energy converter and an energy storage system. Resistive loading control is implemented to optimize the power absorption of the generator. The result illustrates the establishment of the required AC voltage and 50 Hz frequency in the island load, ensuring harmonics compliance with the recommended standards. Experiments were conducted to test and validate the operation of different converter controls. The results also demonstrate the converter's ability to black-start the island load and automatically transition the load current with varying loads in a few milliseconds. Furthermore, the power quality produced by the wave energy converter presents one of its significant challenges. Therefore, the performance of two distinct converter technologies was compared. The performance of the IGBT converter was evaluated against that of the SiC-based converter in terms of power quality. The study demonstrates that the use of SiC enhances power quality in all switching frequencies tested, achieving the most significant reduction of 78% in current THD and 92% in voltage THD at the 25 kHz switching frequency, thus validating its advantages for wave energy converter applications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2025. Vol. 13, p. 50860-50875
Keywords [en]
Wave energy conversion, Renewable energy sources, Harmonic analysis, Energy storage, Electrification, Costs, Power quality, Electricity, Electric potential, Control systems, Wave energy, control system, island electrification, grid-forming, energy storage system control, harmonics mitigation
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering Energy Systems Energy Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-554668DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3552820ISI: 001453644600002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105001555406OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-554668DiVA, id: diva2:1952619
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StandUpAvailable from: 2025-04-16 Created: 2025-04-16 Last updated: 2025-05-13Bibliographically approved
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