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Guinier-Preston zone hardening during vacuum annealing of (Ti1-xAlx)0.92W0.08N (0.07 ≀ x ≀ 0.79) thin films
Linköping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, Thin Film Phys Div, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden.;Linköping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, Thin Film Phys Div, Wallenberg Initiat Mat Sci Sustainabil, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden..
Linköping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, Thin Film Phys Div, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden.;Warsaw Univ Technol, Fac Mat Sci & Engn, 141 Woloska St, PL-02507 Warsaw, Poland..
Linköping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, Thin Film Phys Div, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden..
Linköping Univ, Dept Phys Chem & Biol IFM, Thin Film Phys Div, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden..
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2025 (English)In: Acta Materialia, ISSN 1359-6454, E-ISSN 1873-2453, Vol. 289, article id 120916Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We present a systematic study on the formation of Guinier-Preston (GP) zones and corresponding age hardening in metastable cubic (Ti1-xAlx)(0.92)W0.08N thin films at annealing temperatures relevant to cutting tool applications. The Al content, which determines the compound's phase stability, varies widely from x = 0.07 to 0.79. The density of GP zones forming after 2 h long annealing in vacuum at 950 degrees C is assessed by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. Concurrent to the spinodal decomposition of c-(Ti,Al,W)N into c-Ti(W)N and c-Al(W)N, tungsten forms atomic-plane-thick W disks on (111) planes of the cubic matrix. The density of GP zones is similar to 6.3<middle dot>10(11) - 1.2<middle dot>10(12) cm(-2) in the 0.07 <= x <= 0.58 range and decreases to 1.8<middle dot>10(11) cm(-2) with & khcy; = 0.65 concomitant with precipitation of w-AlN grains and bcc-W nanocrystallites. GP zone formation and age hardening is observed for all films with 0.07 <= x <= 0.58 with 2 to 14 % increase in hardness, starting from high levels between 23.5 and 32.9 GPa. Elevated hardness is, thus, retained over the entire temperature range: 520 to 950 degrees C. Finally, precipitation of bcc-W at & khcy; >= 0.65 during annealing above 950 degrees C is observed as a means to relax misfit strain between the c-Ti(W)N and w-Al(W)N components.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2025. Vol. 289, article id 120916
Keywords [en]
Guinier-Preston zones, Spinodal decomposition, Age hardening, Annealing
National Category
Metallurgy and Metallic Materials
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-554520DOI: 10.1016/j.actamat.2025.120916ISI: 001450619000001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105000204310OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-554520DiVA, id: diva2:1952012
Funder
Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Foundation for Strategic Research, 2021-00171Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, RIF21-0026Vinnova, 2022-03071Available from: 2025-04-14 Created: 2025-04-14 Last updated: 2025-04-14Bibliographically approved

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