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Maturity of Vehicle Digital Twins: From Monitoring to Enabling Autonomous Driving
Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics. Communications and Transport Systems, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6956-7695
Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Society, environment and transport, Traffic analysis and logistics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7922-0724
Communications and Transport Systems, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0351-9134
2025 (English)In: 2024 IEEE 27th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), IEEE, 2025, p. 3673-3679Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Digital twinning of vehicles is an iconic application of digital twins, as the concept of twinning dates back to the twinning of NASA space vehicles. Although digital twins (DTs) in the automotive industry have been recognized for their ability to improve efficiency in design and manufacturing, their potential to enhance land vehicle operation has yet to be fully explored. Most existing DT research on vehicle operations, aside from the existing body of work on autonomous guided vehicles (AGVs), focuses on electrified passenger cars. However, the use and value of twinning varies depending on the goal, whether it is to provide cost-efficient and sustainable freight transport without disruptions, sustainable public transport focused on passenger well-being, or fully autonomous vehicle operation. In this context, DTs are used for a range of applications, from real-time battery health monitoring to enabling fully autonomous vehicle operations. This leads to varying requirements, complexities, and maturities of the implemented DT solutions. This paper analyzes recent trends in DT-driven efficiency gains for freight, public, and autonomous vehicles and discusses their required level of maturity based on a maturity tool. The application of our DT maturity tool reveals that most DTs have reached level 3 and enable real-time monitoring. Additionally, DTs of level 5 already exist in closed environments, allowing for restricted autonomous operation. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2025. p. 3673-3679
Series
Proceedings - IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ISSN 2153-0009, E-ISSN 2153-0017
Keywords [en]
Digital twins, Autonomous vehicles, Freight transport, Passenger transport, Maturity assessment
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics Computer Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:vti:diva-21916DOI: 10.1109/itsc58415.2024.10920004Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105001674792ISBN: 9798331505929 (electronic)ISBN: 9798331505936 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:vti-21916DiVA, id: diva2:1951506
Conference
IEEE 27th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), Edmonton, Canada, September 24-27, 2024. 
Projects
MODIG-TEKTWINAIR
Funder
Swedish Transport Administration, TRV 2018/94453EU, Horizon Europe, 101057779
Note

Research funding provided by The Swedish Transport Administration through Triple F, part of the MODIG-TEK project (grant 2019.2.2.16). 

Available from: 2025-04-11 Created: 2025-04-11 Last updated: 2025-04-11Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
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