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Euclid preparation LV. Exploring the properties of proto-clusters in the Simulated Euclid Wide Survey
Max Planck Inst Extraterrestrial Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.;Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany.;Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany.;Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Schellingstr 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany..
INAF Osservatorio Astrofis & Sci Spazio Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93-3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy..
Univ Laguna ULL, Dept Astrofis, San Cristobal la Laguna 38200, Spain.;Univ Laguna ULL, Inst Astrofis Canarias IAC, San Cristobal la Laguna 38200, Spain..
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2025 (English)In: Astronomy and Astrophysics, ISSN 0004-6361, E-ISSN 1432-0746, Vol. 693, article id A59Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Galaxy proto-clusters are receiving increased interest since most of the processes shaping the structure of clusters of galaxies and their galaxy population happen at the early stages of their formation. The Euclid Survey will provide a unique opportunity to discover a large number of proto-clusters over a large fraction of the sky (14 500 deg2). In this paper, we explore the expected observational properties of proto-clusters in the Euclid Wide Survey by means of theoretical models and simulations. We provide an overview of the predicted proto-cluster extent, galaxy density profiles, mass-richness relations, abundance, and sky-filling as a function of redshift. Useful analytical approximations for the functions of these properties are provided. The focus is on the redshift range z = 1:5 4. In particular we discuss the density contrast with which proto-clusters can be observed against the background in the galaxy distribution if photometric galaxy redshifts are used as supplied by the ESA Euclid mission together with the ground-based photometric surveys. We show that the obtainable detection significance is su fficient to find large numbers of interesting proto-cluster candidates. For quantitative studies, additional spectroscopic follow-up is required to confirm the proto-clusters and establish their richness.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
EDP Sciences, 2025. Vol. 693, article id A59
Keywords [en]
galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: high-redshift, large-scale structure of Universe
National Category
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-553368DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202451683ISI: 001410264900001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85215429475OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-553368DiVA, id: diva2:1947783
Available from: 2025-03-26 Created: 2025-03-26 Last updated: 2025-03-26Bibliographically approved

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