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Hate Speech and Political Polarization: A Quantitative Analysis of the Interplay Between the Number of Social Groups Targeted by Hate Speech and Political Polarization
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Government.
2025 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

Does hate speech in online media against multiple social groups, such as ethnic, religious, LGBTQ+, and women, occur in countries where political polarization is higher? Given the constant development of online media and hateful content, as well as the high levels of political polarization among countries, this question is relevant to examine further. I hypothesize that there is a positive correlation between states experiencing hate speech and harassment in online media against multiple different groups in society and the level of political polarization. This is tested through data from 179 countries from the year of 2023. The result concluded that in countries where hate speech in online media targets more social groups, political polarization is higher. Secondly, I implement the following control variables to check for spuriousness: liberal democracy index, civil liberties, and political power distribution among social groups. Countries with higher levels of liberal democracy experience more political polarization, while countries with civil liberties have less political polarization when another group is targeted with hate speech and harassment. Political power distribution have no effect on the relationship.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 32
National Category
Other Geographic Studies
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-551972OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-551972DiVA, id: diva2:1942377
Subject / course
Development Studies
Educational program
Bachelor Programme in Peace and Development Studies
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Available from: 2025-03-13 Created: 2025-03-04 Last updated: 2025-05-08Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf