This book analyses the structure and management system of rescue archaeological activities in Mozambique with the purpose of suggesting amendments which will better fulfil the management of Cultural Heritage and alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals in Mozambique. The detailed study on the policy of cultural heritage management and rescue archaeology in Mozambique and comparison with neighbouring countries, based on interviews and policy analyses, shows that rescue archaeology needs to be developed and professionalised. This is not only an academic activity but also provides employment opportunities for young archaeologists and cultural heritage managers. As shown here, this approach also allows for the incorporation of community engagement. For Archaeological research to be effective, it must use procedures and good practices and apply the same methodological protocols across the country, e.g., implement the same site form register for archaeological, cultural and historical sites, and use the ʽsame criteriaʼ for classifications and site risk assessment. By applying biocultural heritage approach and FAIR and CARE principles procedures, I argue that rescue archaeology and other cultural heritage management activities in Mozambique, to be sustainable, must broaden the actors involved in the process. The research process should incorporate different stakeholders at various social levels, aggregate their knowledge, and recognise their rights, powers of control and interests. Combine cultural heritage management actions with the management of natural heritage, landscape and biodiversity and sustainable livelihoods.