Public transport (PT) plays an important role in urban mobility and accessibility, withreliability, particularly punctuality, being a key determinant of passenger satisfaction andlong-term ridership. Traditional metrics, such as On-Time Performance (OTP), oftenfocus on vehicle performance and tend to overlook the passenger experience. This reportexplores alternative, punctuality metrics with more focus on the passenger perspectivethat more accurately reflect passengers’ actual travel experiences, i.e., passenger-centricpunctuality metrics.The research begins with a qualitative review of both traditional and passenger-centricmetrics, providing insights into variations of OTP and other measures. These metrics offera more in-depth understanding of service reliability by considering real-time passengerdemand and travel patterns. A quantitative case study on Stockholm’s commuter railnetwork, using traffic and passenger demand data, highlights differences betweenvehicle-centric and passenger-centric measures, particularly during peak and off-peaktimes.

Key findings:

• Various passenger-centric metrics are applicable to monitor PT service reliabilitymore accurately by accounting for passenger demand and travel experiencesacross different modes and time periods.
• The reviewed metrics vary in terms of relevance, accuracy, and ease ofimplementation for monitoring passenger punctuality in PT systems.
• One major challenge in implementing these metrics is the limited availability andquality of passenger demand data, as well as the technical complexity involved inintegrating automatic data collection technologies with existing systems.
• Passenger-centric metrics can enable better monitoring of passenger punctualityand better operational management, especially in spatio-temporal areas wheredemand variations are significant.