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Frihandel i kris: En spelteoretisk analys av Frankrikes exportförbud på medicinsk skyddsutrustning under covid-19-pandemin
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Humanities and Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics.
2024 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

I denna uppsats undersöker vi under vilka omständigheter ett land skulle begränsa sin export av en knapp resurs. Situationen som analyseras är EU:s inre marknad för medicinsk utrustning i början av covid-19-pandemin. En spelteoretisk modell utvecklas för att förklara varför Frankrike begränsade sin export av personlig medicinsk skyddsutrustning, PPE, vid pandemiutbrottet. Rangordningen av spelarnas preferenser, som följer av aktörernas nyttofunktioner i de olika utfallen, implicerar att situationen kan beskrivas av ett fångarnas dilemma. Resultaten visar att en minskad diskonteringsfaktor och ett ökat värde av att avvika från samarbete i krisförloppets början, kan få länder att införa exportrestriktioner på den knappa resursen. Värdet av samarbetet beror av varornas substituerbarhet, och detta avgör om länderna spelar Grim-strategi eller Alltid samarbeta-strategi. 

Abstract [en]

In this paper, we examine the circumstances under which a country would restrict its export of a scarce resource. The situation analysed is the EU single market for medical supplies at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. A game-theoretic model is developed to explain why France restricted its export of personal protective equipment, PPE, at the outbreak of the pandemic. The ranking of the players’ preferences, derived from the players’ utility functions in the various outcomes, suggests that the situation can be described by a prisoners’ dilemma. The results show that a lower discount factor and an increased value of defecting from cooperation at the beginning of the crisis, might lead countries to impose export restrictions on the scarce resource. The value of the cooperation depends on the substitutability of the traded goods, and this determines if the countries play grim trigger or unconditional cooperation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2024. , p. 36
Keywords [en]
game theory, export restrictions, COVID-19, prisoners' dilemma, trade cooperation
Keywords [sv]
spelteori, exportrestriktioner, covid-19, fångarnas dilemma, handelssamarbete
National Category
Economics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-549792OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-549792DiVA, id: diva2:1935886
Subject / course
Economics
Educational program
Bachelor Programme in Business and Economics
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-02-10 Created: 2025-02-08 Last updated: 2025-02-10Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

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Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
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  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
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