Digitala Vetenskapliga Arkivet

Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Increased mast cell degranulation and co-localization of mast cells with the NMDA receptor-1 during healing after Achilles tendon rupture
Uppsala University, Disciplinary Domain of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine and Preventive Medicine. Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet.
Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Solna, Sweden.
Linkoping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden.
Linkoping Univ, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Linkoping, Sweden.
Show others and affiliations
2017 (English)In: Cell and Tissue Research, ISSN 0302-766X, E-ISSN 1432-0878, Vol. 370, no 3, p. 451-460Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The role of inflammation and the mechanism of tendon healing after rupture has historically been a matter of controversy. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the role of mast cells and their relation to the NMDA receptor-1 (a glutamate receptor) during healing after Achilles tendon rupture. Eight female Sprague Dawley rats had their right Achilles tendon transected. Three weeks after rupture, histological quantification of mast cell numbers and their state of degranulation was assessed by histochemistry. Co-localization of mast cell tryptase (a mast cell marker) and NMDA receptor-1 was determined by immunofluorescence. The intact left Achilles tendon was used as control. An increased number of mast cells and a higher proportion of degranulated mast cells were found in the healing Achilles tendon compared to the intact. In addition, increased co-localization of mast cell tryptase and NMDA receptor-1 was seen in the areas of myotendinous junction, mid-tendon proper and bone tendon junction of the healing versus the intact tendon. These findings introduce a possible role for mast cells in the healing phase after Achilles tendon rupture.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. Vol. 370, no 3, p. 451-460
Keywords [en]
Achilles tendon healing, Mast cells, NMDA, Rats, Tryptase
National Category
Cell and Molecular Biology
Research subject
Orthopaedics; Immunology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-395522DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2684-yISI: 000416358400010PubMedID: 28975451OAI: oai:DiVA.org:uu-395522DiVA, id: diva2:1362476
Available from: 2019-10-20 Created: 2019-10-20 Last updated: 2020-02-06Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Mechanisms in Tendon Healing: Pain, Biomarkers and the Role of Mast Cells
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Mechanisms in Tendon Healing: Pain, Biomarkers and the Role of Mast Cells
2019 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Tendon injuries and tendinopathy are common disorders, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The overall aim of this thesis was to better understand the mechanisms underlying tendon healing, pain, and inflammation.

The aim of the first study was to assess biomarkers of tendon healing, including procollagen type I (PINP) and type III (PIIINP) in relation to patient outcome in 65 patients with Achilles tendon rupture (ATR). At two weeks post-ATR, PINP and PIIINP-levels were quantified using microdialysis followed by ELISA. At one-year post-ATR patient outcome was assessed using the validated Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score. We found that higher ratio of PINP and PIIINP to total protein were significantly associated with less pain but more fatigue in the affected limb.

In the second study, we applied Intermittent Pneumatic Compression (IPC) therapy for two weeks to stimulate tendon healing. The patients received either adjuvant IPC treatment or treatment-as-usual in a plaster cast without IPC. We observed that IPC therapy significantly increased PINP levels in the injured tendon, suggesting enhanced healing response.

In our third study, we investigated healing response and the role of mast cells (MCs) in-vivo using an ATR rat model. Three weeks postoperatively, we demonstrated an increased number of MCs and a higher proportion of degranulated MCs in the injured tendon compared to the control. We further established that MCs in the injured tendon were positive for the glutamate receptor NMDAR1.

In our final study, we assessed the effect of glutamate stimulation on in-vitro-derived mouse bone marrow MCs. Mast cell degranulation was quantified through β-hexosaminidase release, immunofluorescence was used to quantify NMDARs at the protein level, and RT-qPCR/microarray was used to study the expression of NMDARs and associated genes. Glutamate induced a robust upregulation of glutamate receptors of both ionotropic and metabotropic type, both at the mRNA and at protein level. NMDAR1 co-localized with glutamate in the membrane of MCs, thereby confirming an interaction between glutamate and its receptor. Glutamate also induced expression of pro-inflammatory compounds such as IL-6 and CCL2 and transcription factors such as Egr2, Egr3 and FosB. Moreover, the NMDA-channel blocker MK-801 completely abrogated the response of MCs to glutamate, supporting a functional glutamate–glutamate receptor axis in MCs.

Together, findings presented in this dissertation reveal possible mechanisms of tendon healing in relation to pain and function, and establish a novel principle for how immune cells can communicate with nerve cells after ATR.

Abstract [sv]

Senskador och tendinopati är vanliga problem, men de underliggande mekanismerna otillräckligt undersökta. Målet med denna avhandling är att öka kunskapen om mekanismer under läkningen av senor, och hur dessa relaterar till smärta och inflammation.

Syftet med den första studien var att kvantifiera biomarkörer för läkning av Achillessena, genom analys av prokollagen typ I (PINP) och typ III (PIIINP) hos 65 patienter efter ruptur av Achillessenan. Två veckor efter achillesruptur kvantifierades PINP och PIIINP-nivåerna med mikrodialys följt av ELISA-analys. Ett år efter achillesruptur bedömdes patienternas upplevda besvär med användning av ett validerat formulär, Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score. Ökad andel PINP och PIIINP av totala mängden protein vid två veckor var signifikant associerat med mindre smärta men ökad fatigue i skadat ben efter ett år.

I nästa studie utvärderade vi effekten av intermittent pneumatisk kompression (IPC) under två veckor av senans läkning efter achillesruptur. Patienterna fick antingen tilläggsbehandling med IPC eller vanlig behandling i gipsskena utan IPC. Vi kunde visa att behandling med IPC signifikant ökade nivån av PINP i den skadade senan, vilket tyder på förbättrad läkning.

I den tredje studien undersökte vi mastcellers roll under läkningen av Achillessena efter ruptur i en råttmodell. Tre veckor postoperativt visade vi ett ökat antal mastceller och en högre andel degranulerade av mastceller i den läkande senan jämfört med senan på den andra (den friska) sidan. Vi kunde också påvisa glutamatreceptorn NMDAR1 hos mastceller i den läkande senan.

I den fjärde studien bedömde vi effekten av glutamatstimulering in-vitro, på mastceller från benmärg hos mus. Degranulering av mastceller kvantifierades genom frisättning av β-hexosaminidas. För att kvantifiera NMDAR på proteinnivå använde vi immunfluorescens, och för att studera uttrycket av NMDAR och associerade gener använde vi RT-qPCR/mikroarray. Vi kunde visa att glutamat inducerar uppreglering av glutamatreceptorer av både jonotropisk och metabotropisk typ i mastceller, både på mRNA- och proteinnivå. NMDAR1 samlokaliserade med glutamat i membranet på mastceller, vilket därmed bekräftar en interaktion mellan glutamat och dess receptor. Glutamat inducerade också uttryck av pro-inflammatoriska proteiner såsom IL-6 och CCL2, samt transkriptionsfaktorer såsom Egr2, Egr3 och FosB. Dessutom upphävde NMDA-kanalblockeraren MK-801 fullständigt effekten av glutamat på mastceller, vilket talar för en funktionell betydelse av interaktionen mellan glutamat och glutamatreceptorer i mastceller.

Sammantaget visar de fynd som presenteras i denna avhandling möjliga mekanismer för läkning av Achillessena i relation till smärta och funktion och introducerar en ny princip för hur immunceller kan kommunicera med nervceller efter achillesruptur.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2019. p. 47
Series
Digital Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine, ISSN 1651-6206 ; 1611
Keywords
Tendon Healing, Pain, Biomarkers, Mast Cells, Inflammation, Microdialysis, Neurotransmitters, Glutamate Receptors, Procollagen, Transcriptional factors
National Category
Immunology in the medical area Cell and Molecular Biology Orthopaedics
Research subject
Biology with specialization in Molecular Immunology; Biology with specialization in Molecular Biology; Neuroscience
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-394741 (URN)978-91-513-0801-2 (ISBN)
Public defence
2019-12-13, Room C8:305, BMC, Husargatan 3, Uppsala, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2019-11-22 Created: 2019-10-23 Last updated: 2023-07-14

Open Access in DiVA

fulltext(14002 kB)229 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 14002 kBChecksum SHA-512
a62b133fc400748a865d4d4b61b6dcf9257870bd7e45843e4c3264da551619420cbfaa7ba3638121e407952fe3955b7aa450d48133188d80734de7476af22410
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Other links

Publisher's full textPubMed

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Alim, Md AbdulKristiansson, PerPejler, GunnarPeterson, Magnus
By organisation
Family Medicine and Preventive MedicineDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology
In the same journal
Cell and Tissue Research
Cell and Molecular Biology

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 229 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
pubmed
urn-nbn
Total: 353 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf