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Design for additive manufacturing: a review of available design methods and software
Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Machine Design. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Machine Design. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
Linköping University, Department of Management and Engineering, Machine Design. Linköping University, Faculty of Science & Engineering.
2019 (English)In: Rapid prototyping journal, ISSN 1355-2546, E-ISSN 1758-7670, Vol. 25, no 6, p. 15p. 1080-1094Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose

This paper aims to review recent research in design for additive manufacturing (DfAM), including additive manufacturing (AM) terminology, trends, methods, classification of DfAM methods and software. The focus is on the design engineer’s role in the DfAM process and includes which design methods and tools exist to aid the design process. This includes methods, guidelines and software to achieve design optimization and in further steps to increase the level of design automation for metal AM techniques. The research has a special interest in structural optimization and the coupling between topology optimization and AM.

Design/methodology/approach

The method used in the review consists of six rounds in which literature was sequentially collected, sorted and removed. Full presentation of the method used could be found in the paper.

Findings

Existing DfAM research has been divided into three main groups – component, part and process design – and based on the review of existing DfAM methods, a proposal for a DfAM process has been compiled. Design support suitable for use by design engineers is linked to each step in the compiled DfAM process. Finally, the review suggests a possible new DfAM process that allows a higher degree of design automation than today’s process. Furthermore, research areas that need to be further developed to achieve this framework are pointed out.

Originality/value

The review maps existing research in design for additive manufacturing and compiles a proposed design method. For each step in the proposed method, existing methods and software are coupled. This type of overall methodology with connecting methods and software did not exist before. The work also contributes with a discussion regarding future design process and automation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2019. Vol. 25, no 6, p. 15p. 1080-1094
Keywords [en]
Additive manufacturing, Design automation, Design for additive manufacturing, Design optimization, Knowledge-based engineering
National Category
Mechanical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160357DOI: 10.1108/RPJ-10-2018-0262ISI: 000482449200011Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85070356872OAI: oai:DiVA.org:liu-160357DiVA, id: diva2:1352751
Note

Funding agencies: European Union [738002]

Available from: 2019-09-19 Created: 2019-09-19 Last updated: 2021-11-15Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Towards Design Automation for Additive Manufacturing: A Multidisciplinary Optimization approach
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Towards Design Automation for Additive Manufacturing: A Multidisciplinary Optimization approach
2019 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In recent decades, the development of computer-controlled manufacturing by adding materiallayer by layer, called Additive Manufacturing (AM), has developed at a rapid pace. The technologyadds possibilities to the manufacturing of geometries that are not possible, or at leastnot economically feasible, to manufacture by more conventional manufacturing methods. AMcomes with the idea that complexity is free, meaning that complex geometries are as expensiveto manufacture as simple geometries. This is partly true, but there remain several design rulesthat needs to be considered before manufacturing. The research field Design for Additive Manufacturing(DfAM) consists of research that aims to take advantage of the possibilities of AMwhile considering the limitations of the technique.

Computer Aided technologies (CAx) is the name of the usage of methods and software thataim to support a digital product development process. CAx includes software and methodsfor design, the evaluation of designs, manufacturing support, and other things. The commongoal with all CAx disciplines is to achieve better products at a lower cost and with a shorterdevelopment time.

The work presented in this thesis bridges DfAM with CAx with the aim of achieving designautomation for AM. The work reviews the current DfAM process and proposes a new integratedDfAM process that considers the functionality and manufacturing of components. Selectedparts of the proposed process are implemented in a case study in order to evaluate theproposed process. In addition, a tool that supports part of the design process is developed.

The proposed design process implements Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) witha parametric CAD model that is evaluated from functional and manufacturing perspectives. Inthe implementation, a structural component is designed using the MDO framework, which includesComputer Aided Engineering (CAE) models for structural evaluation, the calculation ofweight, and how much support material that needs to be added during manufacturing. Thecomponent is optimized for the reduction of weight and minimization of support material,while the stress levels in the component are constrained. The developed tool uses methodsfor high level Parametric CAD modelling to simplify the creation of parametric CAD modelsbased on Topology Optimization (TO) results.

The work concludes that the implementation of CAx technologies in the DfAM process enablesa more automated design process with less manual design iterations than traditional DfAM processes.It also discusses and presents directions for further research to achieve a fully automateddesign process for Additive Manufacturing.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2019. p. 53
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Licentiate Thesis, ISSN 0280-7971 ; 1854
National Category
Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160888 (URN)10.3384/lic.diva-160888 (DOI)9789179299859 (ISBN)
Presentation
2019-10-04, Acas, Linköping, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Projects
AddMan
Funder
Clean Sky 2, 738002
Available from: 2019-10-14 Created: 2019-10-14 Last updated: 2019-10-15Bibliographically approved
2. Design Automation for Additive Manufacturing: A Multi-Disciplinary Optimization Approach
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Design Automation for Additive Manufacturing: A Multi-Disciplinary Optimization Approach
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a group of manufacturing methods which have attracted rapidly increasing interest in academia and industry during the last years. AM's main benefits are manufacturing of complex shapes and small-scale manufacturing, without the additional cost of traditional manufacturing methods. Creating complex geometries that fully leverage the potential of AM requires time, knowledge, and design skills. Design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) is a vast area that includes methods and tools that aim to overcome the challenges of AM and support the development of new components and products.

Design automation and optimization are two terms often mentioned as potential methods to support the DfAM process. In a broad definition, design automation (DA) refers to reusable computer tools developed to aid the design engineering process. The general idea with DA is to create flexible design processes where different solutions can be explored without an increase in manual work. Together with methods for design optimization, DA has shown the potential to support the DfAM process.

This work focuses on how DA technologies can support the development of components manufactured by AM. By analyzing the current state of the art, today's DfAM process is mapped, and the potential for automation is explored. The work contributes to the field by presenting a holistic DA framework that bridges function, design, AM setup, and post-processing. A master model is used to span the different phases of the design process and utilize combined optimization of geometry and manufacturing setup. The proposed method is refined in an iterative process where details are solved, and computer tools supporting the process are developed. Application cases from the aerospace sector and the fluid power industry are used to evaluate and demonstrate the developed methods and computer support.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Linköping University Electronic Press, 2021. p. 62
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 2188
National Category
Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-180998 (URN)10.3384/9789179291082 (DOI)9789179291075 (ISBN)9789179291082 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-12-14, ACAS, A Building, Campus Valla, Linköping, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2021-11-15 Created: 2021-11-15 Last updated: 2021-11-15Bibliographically approved

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