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The impact of interactive visualization on trade-off-based geospatial decision-making
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Computer and Geospatial Sciences, Computer Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1452-2208
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Computer and Geospatial Sciences, Decision, Risk and Policy Analysis.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9933-8308
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Computer and Geospatial Sciences, Computer Science. Division of Visual Information and Interaction, Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0085-5829
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Computer and Geospatial Sciences, Geospatial Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3884-3084
2019 (English)In: International Journal of Geographical Information Science, ISSN 1365-8816, E-ISSN 1365-8824, Vol. 33, no 10, p. 2094-2123Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In a previous work we developed GISwaps, a novel method for geospatial decision-making based on Even Swaps. In this paper, we present the results of an evaluation of a visualization framework integrated with this method, implemented within a decision support system. This evaluation is based on two different studies. In the quantitative study, 15 student participants used GISwaps with no visual features, and 15 participants used GISwaps with the integrated visual framework, as the tool in a solar farm site location case study. The results of the quantitative evaluation show positive impact of the visualization in terms of increased coherency in trade-offs. The results also show a statistically significant difference in average trade-off values between the groups, with users from the non-visual group setting on average 20% higher trade-off values compared with the users in the visual group. In the qualitative study, we had one expert in GIS, two experts in decision-making and two experts in solar energy as a focus user group. Data in this study were obtained by observations and semi-structured interviews with the participants. The impact of the visualization framework was assessed positively by all participants in the expert group. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2019. Vol. 33, no 10, p. 2094-2123
Keywords [en]
GIS decision-making, GISwaps, interactive visualization, tradeoffs
National Category
Computer and Information Sciences Physical Geography
Research subject
Sustainable Urban Development; Intelligent Industry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30515DOI: 10.1080/13658816.2019.1613547ISI: 000470448200001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85065643312OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-30515DiVA, id: diva2:1343650
Available from: 2019-08-19 Created: 2019-08-19 Last updated: 2022-09-19Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Computational and Visual Tools for Geospatial Multi-Criteria Decision-Making
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Computational and Visual Tools for Geospatial Multi-Criteria Decision-Making
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Geospatial multi-criteria decision-making usually concerns quasi-continuous choice models, with the number of alternatives constrained only by the limits of the used representation model. This sets high demands on the decision-making methods used in the context. The most commonly used approach in geospatial decision-making is combining a method for assigning criteria weights with an aggregation method. As pairwise comparison of alternatives is not feasible when the number of alternatives is large, the weights are usually assigned to criteria without considering the values or the value ranges of the alternatives, an approach often criticized in the decision analysis literature. Apart from criteria weighting controversy, this approach does not allow for advanced use of interactive visualization in the choice phase of the decision-making process. In this thesis, two alternative methods for geospatial decision-making based on the even swaps method are developed. The first method relies on automation of swaps, which makes this method viable for decision problems with any number of alternatives. The second method emanates from the findings of behavioral decision theory, and combines even swaps with reduction of large data sets through quasi-satisficing, allowing for efficient use of interactive visualization in the choice phase of the decision process. Visualization frameworks for both methods are also developed in the thesis. They include both geo-specific representations, such as interactive maps, and infovis techniques such as graphs, diagrams, scatterplots and parallel coordinates. Two studies concerning the impact of interactive visualization on decision-making are presented in the thesis: a study concerning the impact of interactive visualization on geospatial decision-making, and a study concerning potential effects of visual saliency on decision-making. The results of the first study indicated positive effects of interactive visualization on coherency and consistency in performing trade-offs. The results of the second study show that visual saliency may help decision-makers make better decisions. The work presented in this thesis contributes to method development and the use of interactive visualization in the context of geospatial decision-making.

Abstract [sv]

Multikriterieanalys i geospatialt kontext avser oftast kvasi-kontinuerliga valmodeller,där antal alternativ endast definieras av gränserna av den användarepresentationsmodellen. Detta ställer höga krav på beslutsmetoder som användsi geospatialt sammanhang. Den ansats som oftast används är att kombineranågon kriterieviktningsmetod med en aggregeringsmetod. Eftersom det ärorimlig att utföra parvisa jämförelser av alternativ när antalet alternativ är stort,bestäms oftast kriterievikter utan att hänsyn tas till de faktiska värdena, ellervärdeintervallen – ett angreppssätt som ofta kritiserats i litteratur inom beslutsanalys.Detta angreppsätt gör det även svårt att använda avancerade interaktivavisualiseringar i beslutsfasen av beslutsprocessen. I denna avhandling hartvå alternativa metoder, baserade på even swaps, utvecklats för geospatial beslutsanalys.Den första metoden baseras på automatisering av swaps, vilket görden tillämpbar på beslutsproblem oavsett antal alternativ. Den andra metodenutgår från behavioristiska beslutsteorier och kombinerar even swaps med reduceringav stora datamängder genom s.k. quasi-satisficing. Båda metodernaär interaktiva, vilket gör dem lämpliga för effektiv användning av interaktivavisualiseringar i beslutsfasen av beslutsprocessen. I denna avhandling harockså visualiseringsramverk för de båda metoderna utvecklats. De inkluderarbåde geo-specifika representationer, dvs. interaktiva kartor, och visualiseringari form av bl. a. diagram, spridningsdiagram och parallella koordinater. I avhandlingenpresenteras två studier om effekten av interaktiv visualisering påbeslutsfattande: en studie om effekten av interaktiv visualisering på beslutsfattandei geospatial kontext, och en studie om effekter av visual saliency på beslutsfattande.Resultaten av den första studien indikerar att interaktiv visualiseringkan hjälpa beslutsfattaren göra mer koherenta och mer konsekventa avvägningar.Den andra studien indikerar att visual saliency kan ha positiv effektoch hjälpa beslutsfattaren att fatta bättre beslut. Forskningen presenterad idenna avhandling bidrar till utvecklingen av nya beslutsmetoder och effektivanvändning av interaktiv visualisering inom geospatial beslutsanalys.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Gävle: Gävle University Press, 2020. p. 78
Series
Doctoral thesis ; 13
Keywords
geographic information systems, multi-criteria decision-making, interactive visualization, even swaps
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Sustainable Urban Development; Intelligent Industry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-31928 (URN)978-91-88145-44-4 (ISBN)978-91-88145-45-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-04-21, 13:111, Kungsbäcksvägen 37, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-03-24 Created: 2020-02-20 Last updated: 2024-08-29Bibliographically approved

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