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On Associative Confounder Bias
Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå School of Business and Economics (USBE), Statistics.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1654-9148
2015 (English)In: Thirteenth Scandinavian Conference on Artificial Intelligence / [ed] Sławomir Nowaczyk, 2015, Vol. 278, p. 157-166Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Conditioning on some set of confounders that causally affect both treatmentand outcome variables can be sufficient for eliminating bias introduced by allsuch confounders when estimating causal effect of the treatment on the outcomefrom observational data. It is done by including them in propensity score modelin so-called potential outcome framework for causal inference whereas in causalgraphical modeling framework usual conditioning on them is done. However inthe former framework, it is confusing when modeler finds a variable that is noncausallyassociated with both the treatment and the outcome. Some argue that suchvariables should also be included in the analysis for removing bias. But others arguethat they introduce no bias so they should be excluded and conditioning onthem introduces spurious dependence between the treatment and the outcome, thusresulting extra bias in the estimation. We show that there may be errors in boththe arguments in different contexts. When such a variable is found neither of theactions may give the correct causal effect estimate. Selecting one action over theother is needed in order to be less wrong.We discuss how to select the better action.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2015. Vol. 278, p. 157-166
Series
Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, ISSN 0922-6389 ; 278
Keywords [en]
causal effect estimation, confounder selection, graphical models
National Category
Probability Theory and Statistics
Research subject
Statistics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-111981DOI: 10.3233/978-1-61499-589-0-157Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84963692240ISBN: 978-1-61499-588-3 (print)ISBN: 978-1-61499-589-0 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-111981DiVA, id: diva2:874836
Conference
Thirteenth Scandinavian Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Funder
Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, 2010-0592Available from: 2015-11-29 Created: 2015-11-29 Last updated: 2023-03-24Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Cite
Citation style
  • apa
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Language
  • de-DE
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  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
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  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
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