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Stakeholders’ Expectations of Mobile Payment in Retail: Lessons from Sweden
KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Communication Systems, CoS, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab). KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, Center for Wireless Systems, Wireless@kth.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8350-9440
KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Centres, Center for Wireless Systems, Wireless@kth. KTH, School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Communication Systems, CoS, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab).ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9525-0712
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Economics and Management (Dept.), Entrepreneurship and innovation.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1226-2799
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172777OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-172777DiVA, id: diva2:849413
Note

QS 2015

Available from: 2015-08-28 Created: 2015-08-28 Last updated: 2023-03-06Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Challenges Related to the Introduction of Innovative Services in the Market: Mobile Payment Services in the Swedish Retail Industry
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Challenges Related to the Introduction of Innovative Services in the Market: Mobile Payment Services in the Swedish Retail Industry
2015 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Mobile payment services are expected to be the next step of the electronic payment evolution. However, the level of penetration in European countries is lower than expected. The focus of most academic research has been in two main areas: (i) mobile payment adoption by consumers and (ii) technical aspects of the service. Consequently, a number of themes remain under-researched. In order to expand knowledge on reasons that affect the wider penetration of mobile payments, challenges related to the introduction of mobile payment services in the market have been explored in this thesis.

More specifically, this research has addressed two problem areas: (i) why mobile payments have not been widely adopted by merchants; and (ii) what effects that the introduction of mobile payments has had on the business networks of the involved actors. As an example, we use the mobile payment services applied in the Swedish retail industry. The study is focused on the main groups of stakeholders – the mobile payment providers, the retailers, and the consumers.

First, this study has helped to identify what different stakeholders expect of mobile payments and how these services correspond to their needs. In order to analyse the expectations of stakeholders, we have developed an analysis framework based on the theory of diffusion of innovations, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), and the theory of network externalities. The analysis highlights the expectations of stakeholders and helps to understand what kind of mobile payment service merchants expect and are willing to adopt. One key finding is that existing mobile payment services for retailing could be further improved in order to ensure an enhanced purchasing process for consumers.

Second, the research has explored the impact of mobile payment services on the business networks. In order to analyse the relationships and cooperation between business actors, and changes in business strategy and network structure, we used the approach proposed by the Industrial Marketing and Purchasing (IMP) Group. The performed analysis illustrates the following changes in the structure of business networks for the traditional payment solutions (bank cards): (i) emergence of new business actors (i.e. independent mobile payment providers); (ii) new roles and activities of business actors; and (iii) exclusion of traditional business actors (i.e. banks) from the mobile payment systems.

All these changes lead to increased complexity of relationships and increased level of interdependence between business actors within the networks. The following changes in the strategies of involved actors have been identified: (i) mobile payment providers seek to achieve a control over the business network; (ii) the retailers affect strategies of the mobile payment providers; (iii) the marketing strategies of business actors include cross-marketing in different sectors. All these changes result in additional value and enhanced quality of service for consumers.

In order to analyse a complex and multidisciplinary area such as mobile payments, it is beneficial to use more than one analysis approach. A combination of different complementing methods helps to explore different aspects of the phenomenon and provides a more comprehensive overview of several research aspects.

This work contributes to the academic research of mobile payment service adoption by merchants through proposing a theoretical analysis framework. More specifically, the research addresses a new area – expectations of retailers when new solutions are introduced. The framework consists of the following criteria and aspects: technological feasibility, economic benefits, lower service costs, added value of services, network externalities and the problem of critical mass, and finally, ease of use. This framework helps to identify what merchants can expect of mobile payment services.

Another area of contribution is the analysis of the effect that mobile payments make on the actors and business networks of traditional payment services. The introduction of new services results in emergence of new business actors, a need to establish new relationships, and increased complexity of a business network. Moreover, in order to succeed, cooperation between all network actors is needed. As a result, business actors have to adjust their services and strategies according to needs of others.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2015. p. xiii, 78
Series
TRITA-ICT-COS, ISSN 1653-6347 ; 2015:06
Keywords
mobile payment, adoption, business networks, merchant, stakeholders’ expectations, consumer expectations, organisational adoption, retail, innovation
National Category
Business Administration Information Systems, Social aspects Communication Systems
Research subject
Economics; Information and Communication Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172340 (URN)978-91-7595-536-0 (ISBN)
Presentation
2015-09-18, Aula A, Electrum, KTH-ICT, Isafjordsgatan 26, Kista, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
The Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation
Note

QC 20150828

Available from: 2015-08-28 Created: 2015-08-19 Last updated: 2022-06-23Bibliographically approved
2. Opportunities and challenges of mobile payment services: The perspective of service providers
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Opportunities and challenges of mobile payment services: The perspective of service providers
2018 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

 Mobile payments are transforming the payments industry. These services open up the opportunity for non-banking actors to enter the market. In order to embrace this challenge, banks, traditional payments market players, are forced to launch mobile payments. However, in Europe and most developed economies, a big number of launched services get terminated soon after their introduction in the market. Hence, the ability of different actors to act locally calls for additional research.

The main objective of this thesis is to broaden knowledge and understanding about the ways mobile payment service providers address the opportunities and challenges of mobile payment services. In order to investigate this problem, this research (i) explores factors stimulating and hindering the introduction of mobile payments using perspectives of different types of service providers (i.e., banks, independent providers, direct operator billing providers, retailers, and public transport companies) and (ii) seeks to explain the importance of these factors for each type of provider.

The primary data collected using interview method. More than 40 industry representatives in six countries were contacted. The Service, Technology, Organisation, and Finance (STOF) model was used as a theoretical research framework. This is a business modelling framework that specifies a set of critical design issues that have to  be considered within each model’s domain.

Research findings highlight that the organisation domain is the key domain, which  affects all other domains and has an impact on the general viability of the business model. A comparison of the approaches used by different service providers to address each of the critical design issues helped to identify the factors that are most important within each domain. These factors stimulate or hinder development of a viable business model within each category of service providers.

This research contributes to a better understanding of challenges and success factors associated with the design of business models for new mobile services and uses the lens of the STOF model. The contributions to the academic research on mobile payments are: (i) collection and analysis of a rich empirical data set on mobile payment services implemented in six Northern European countries, (ii) discussion of a bigger picture by connecting research findings to the context of the existing payment system, (iii) extension  of knowledge on business models for mobile ticketing, and (iv) extension of knowledge on the value of mobile ticketing services in the business-to-business (B2B) context.

Abstract [sv]

Uppkomsten av mobila betalningslösningar förändrar betalningsindustrin. Tjänsterna erbjuder möjligheter för nya aktörer att komma in på marknaden. Detta utmanar traditionella aktörer såsom banker vilka börjat att införa mobila betalningstjänster. I Europa och andra utvecklade länder visar det sig att ett stort antal av dessa nya tjänster dras bort från marknaden strax efter att de lanserats. Därför behövs fördjupad forskning kring olika aktörers förmåga att agera på lokala marknader.

Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling är att bredda kunskap och förståelse om hur tjänsteleverantörer hanterar möjligheter och utmaningar med mobila betalningar. Forskningen har fokuserat på att: (i) identifiera faktorer som stimulerar eller försvårar  lansering av betalningslösningar för olika typer av tjänsteleverantörer (banker, oberoende betalningsleverantörer, telekomoperatörer, detaljhandel och kollektivtrafikföretag) och  (ii) förklara inverkan av olika faktorer för varje typ av leverantör.

Forskningen baseras på primärdata insamlad från intervjuer med drygt 40 aktörer i sex länder. Som teoretiskt ramverk används den s.k. STOF modellen (Service, Technology, Organisation, and Finance) som är ett verktyg framtaget för analys av affärsmodeller. Den anger olika kritiska faktorer och problem som bör beaktas inom affärsmodellens olika domäner.

Resultaten pekar på att “Organisation” är den viktigaste domänen i affärsmodellen, denna påverkar de övriga domänerna samt affärsmodellens allmänna bärkraft. En jämförelse av de strategier som olika tjänsteleverantörer använder för att hantera kritiska designproblem har använts för att peka ut de faktorer som är de viktigaste inom varje domän.

Denna forskningen bidrar till en bättre förståelse av utmaningar och framgångsfaktorer i samband med utformningen av affärsmodeller för nya mobila betalningstjänster. Bidragen till den akademiska forskningen om mobila betalningslösningar är: (i) insamling och analys av ett brett empiriskt material om mobila betalningslösningar i sex nordeuropeiska länder, (ii) en diskussion av helhetsbilden genom att koppla forskningsresultaten om nya betalningslösningar till det befintliga betalningssystemet,  (iii) utökad kunskap om affärsmodeller för mobila biljetttjänster, och (iv) breddad kunskap om värdet av mobila biljetttjänster inom business-to-business (B2B).

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2018. p. 131
Series
TRITA-EECS-AVL ; 2018:31
Keywords
Mobile payments, Mobile ticketing, Business model, STOF, Service provider, Payment services provider, Mobila betalningstjänster, Mobil biljettjänster, Affärsmodeller, STOF, Tjänsteleverantör, Leverantörer av betalningstjänster
National Category
Communication Systems Business Administration
Research subject
Business Studies; SRA - ICT
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226555 (URN)978-91-7729-745-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2018-05-30, Ka-Sal C (Sal Sven-Olof Öhrvik), KTH, Kistagången 16, Kista, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20180420

Available from: 2018-04-20 Created: 2018-04-19 Last updated: 2023-03-06Bibliographically approved

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