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Dissolution of cellulose for textile fibre applications
Karlstad University, Faculty of Technology and Science, Department of Chemical Engineering.
2012 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis forms part of a project with the objective of developing and implementing a novel, wood-based, process for the industrial production of cellulose textile fibres. This new process should not only be cost effective but also have far less environmental impact then current processes. Natural and man-made fibres are usually plagued with problems (e.g. economic and environmental) and are unsuitable in meeting growing demands. The focus of this thesis was therefore to investigate the dissolution of cellulose derived from various pulps in novel aqueous solvent systems.  

          It was shown that cellulose could be dissolved in a NaOH/H2O solvent at low temperatures (<0°C) and that such an alkaline solvent can be improved regarding the solubility, stability and rheological properties of the cellulose dopes formed if different additives (salts or amphiphilic molecules) are used. The effect of different kinds of pretreatment (individually and combined) and the influence of pulp properties on cellulose accessibility and dissolution were also evaluated. These pretreatments affected, as expected, some characteristic properties of the pulps mainly by reducing the DP but also, for example, changing the composition of the carbohydrates. Not only did the pretreatment affect the solubility it also increased the stability of the cellulose dopes, resembling the effect of chemical additives to the NaOH system. According to multivariate data analysis it was established that, of the pulp properties analyzed, only the composition of carbohydrates and the DP had a significant influence on the solubility of the pulps used in this study. Finally, it was emphasized that the dissolution of cellulose pulps seemed to be controlled by a very complex interaction between both kinetic and thermodynamic parameters.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Karlstad: Karlstad University Press, 2012. , p. 50
Series
Karlstad University Studies, ISSN 1403-8099 ; 2012:16
Keywords [en]
alkaline aqueous solvent systems, cellulose, dissolution, dissolving pulp, kraft pulp, pretreatment, pulp characterization, sulfite pulp, textile fibres
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Research subject
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-12798OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kau-12798DiVA, id: diva2:513750
Presentation
2012-05-11, 9C 203, Universitetsgatan 2, Karlstad, 09:15 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Projects
CelluNova
Note

ISBN: 978-91-7063-420-3

Available from: 2012-04-24 Created: 2012-04-03 Last updated: 2023-03-01Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Dissolution of Dissolving Pulp in Alkaline Solvents after Steam Explosion Pretreatments
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Dissolution of Dissolving Pulp in Alkaline Solvents after Steam Explosion Pretreatments
2011 (English)In: Holzforschung, ISSN 0018-3830, E-ISSN 1437-434X, Vol. 65, no 4, p. 613-617Article in journal (Refereed) Published
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Research subject
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-10531 (URN)000291534600023 ()
Available from: 2012-02-08 Created: 2012-02-08 Last updated: 2020-06-26Bibliographically approved
2. Effect of Various Pulp Properties on The Solubility of Cellulose in Sodium Hydroxide Solutions
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Effect of Various Pulp Properties on The Solubility of Cellulose in Sodium Hydroxide Solutions
2012 (English)In: Holzforschung, ISSN 0018-3830, E-ISSN 1437-434X, Vol. 66, no 5, p. 601-606Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The dissolution of pulps with varying characteristic properties, for example cellulose chain length or content of hemicellulose, has been investigated in two alkaline solvent systems [sodium hydroxide (NaOH)/urea/thiourea (8:8:6.5 by wt.) and NaOH/zince oxide (ZnO) (9:0.5 by wt.)]. One standard paper pulp, two dissolving pulps and three pretreated pulps were selected for this study. The dissolution parameters in focus were the fiber dimensions, average degree of poly­merization (DP), polydispersity, water retention value and content of hemicelluloses. The solubility was not influenced by the fiber dimensions. The only significant properties, according to variable importance plot, were DP and composition of the hemicelluloses. It was also established that mass transfer effects during the dissolution stage plays an important role in the dissolution of cellulose derived from pulp fibers.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2012
Keywords
cellulose; dissolution; NaOH-based solvents; pulp characterization
National Category
Chemical Engineering
Research subject
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-11920 (URN)10.1515/hf-2011-0220 (DOI)000307218900006 ()
Available from: 2012-02-29 Created: 2012-02-29 Last updated: 2020-06-26Bibliographically approved
3. Kinetic and Thermodynamic Effects on Cellulose Fibre Dissolution in an Alkali Based Solvent: Influence of Additives and Pretreatments
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Kinetic and Thermodynamic Effects on Cellulose Fibre Dissolution in an Alkali Based Solvent: Influence of Additives and Pretreatments
Show others...
2012 (English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Keywords
Cellulose dissolution; hydrophobic effect; sodium hydroxide; pretreatment; amphiphile
National Category
Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology
Research subject
Chemical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-11938 (URN)
Available from: 2012-03-01 Created: 2012-03-01 Last updated: 2020-06-26Bibliographically approved

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