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Exploiting probabilistic knowledge under uncertain sensing for efficient robot behaviour
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2011 (English)In: 22nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2011Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Robots must perform tasks efficiently and reliably while acting under uncertainty. One way to achieve efficiency is to give the robot common-sense knowledge about the structure of the world. Reliable robot behaviour can be achieved by modelling the uncertainty in the world probabilistically. We present a robot system that combines these two approaches and demonstrate the improvements in efficiency and reliability that result. Our first contribution is a probabilistic relational model integrating common-sense knowledge about the world in general, with observations of a particularenvironment. Our second contribution is a continual planning system which isable to plan in the large problems posed by that model, by automatically switching between decision-theoretic and classical procedures. We evaluate our system on objects earch tasks in two different real-world indoor environments. By reasoning about the trade-offs between possible courses of action with different informational effects, and exploiting the cues and general structures of those environments, our robot is able to consistently demonstrate efficient and reliable goal-directed behaviour.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2011.
National Category
Computer and Information Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34159DOI: 10.5591/978-1-57735-516-8/IJCAI11-407Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84881058154OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-34159DiVA, id: diva2:419590
Conference
22nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI’ 11), Barcelona, Spain, July 2011
Note
QC 20110527Available from: 2011-05-27 Created: 2011-05-27 Last updated: 2022-06-24Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Semantic Mapping with Mobile Robots
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Semantic Mapping with Mobile Robots
2011 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

After decades of unrealistic predictions and expectations, robots have finally escaped from industrial workplaces and made their way into our homes,offices, museums and other public spaces. These service robots are increasingly present in our environments and many believe that it is in the area ofservice and domestic robotics that we will see the largest growth within thenext few years. In order to realize the dream of robot assistants performing human-like tasks together with humans in a seamless fashion, we need toprovide them with the fundamental capability of understanding complex, dynamic and unstructured environments. More importantly, we need to enablethem the sharing of our understanding of space to permit natural cooper-ation. To this end, this thesis addresses the problem of building internalrepresentations of space for artificial mobile agents populated with humanspatial semantics as well as means for inferring that semantics from sensoryinformation. More specifically, an extensible approach to place classificationis introduced and used for mobile robot localization as well as categorizationand extraction of spatial semantic concepts from general place appearance andgeometry. The models can be incrementally adapted to the dynamic changesin the environment and employ efficient ways for cue integration, sensor fu-sion and confidence estimation. In addition, a system and representationalapproach to semantic mapping is presented. The system incorporates and in-tegrates semantic knowledge from multiple sources such as the geometry andgeneral appearance of places, presence of objects, topology of the environmentas well as human input. A conceptual map is designed and used for modelingand reasoning about spatial concepts and their relations to spatial entitiesand their semantic properties. Finally, the semantic mapping algorithm isbuilt into an integrated robotic system and shown to substantially enhancethe performance of the robot on the complex task of active object search. Thepresented evaluations show the effectiveness of the system and its underlyingcomponents and demonstrate applicability to real-world problems in realistichuman settings.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2011. p. xiii, 52
Series
Trita-CSC-A, ISSN 1653-5723 ; 2011:10
National Category
Computer Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-34171 (URN)978-91-7501-039-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2011-06-10, Sal F3, Lindstedtsvägen 26, KTH, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note
QC 20110527Available from: 2011-05-27 Created: 2011-05-27 Last updated: 2022-06-24Bibliographically approved

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Citation style
  • apa
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