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Sex differences in health in 1992 and 2002 among very old Swedes
Stockholms universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för socialt arbete - Socialhögskolan. (Socialgerontologiska forskningsgruppen, Aging Research Center)
Karolinska institutet, Aging Research Center. (Socialgerontologiska forskningsgruppen, Aging Research Center)
2008 (Engelska)Ingår i: Journal of Population Ageing, ISSN 0167-5923, Vol. 1, nr 1, s. 107-123Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Background. Despite their longer life spans, women show higher morbidity rates compared to men at all ages. The gender gap in mortality has decreased over the past twenty years, but few studies have examined sex differences in morbidity over time. This study examines sex differences in health and changes in sex differences between 1992 and 2002.

Methods. SWEOLD is a nationally representative interview survey of persons aged 77+. Outcomes include self-reported and objective health indicators.

Results. Women had significantly higher prevalence rates for most health problems. Analyses of change over time showed that women had greater increases in, e.g., hypertension and poor lung function, and men had greater increases in poor self-rated health (SRH) and myocardial infarction (MI). The sex difference decreased significantly for SRH due to men’s increased reporting of poor health and increased for MI due to increased prevalence among men.

Conclusions. Several health indicators seem to be developing differently for men and women. The gender gap has narrowed for poor SRH and widened for MI.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Oxford: Springer , 2008. Vol. 1, nr 1, s. 107-123
Nyckelord [en]
gender differences, elderly population, health trends, morbidity, functioning
Nationell ämneskategori
Socialt arbete
Forskningsämne
socialt arbete
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:su:diva-55278DOI: 10.1007/s12062-009-9009-1OAI: oai:DiVA.org:su-55278DiVA, id: diva2:402200
Tillgänglig från: 2011-03-07 Skapad: 2011-03-07 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-02-24Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Gender Matters: Differences and change in disability and health among our oldest women and men
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Gender Matters: Differences and change in disability and health among our oldest women and men
2011 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

This thesis investigates gender differences in health and how they have changed between 1992 and 2002 among very old people. It explores gender differences in the association between disability and health, and gender differences in care utilization among our oldest old people. The studies are based on nationally representative data of the population in Sweden aged 77 and older (SWEOLD).

 Results from Study I showed that women generally had more health problems than men. Analyses of change between 1992 and 2002 showed increased prevalence rates for both sexes, especially women. However, women’s reporting of poor global self-rated health did not increase. There were no gender differences and there was no change over time in activities of daily living (ADL). Several health indicators seem to be developing differently for women and men.

 Study II showed that associations between ADL disability and other health indicators changed between 1992 and 2002, with several health problems and functional limitations becoming less disabling over time. This trend was especially true for women, while for men, the findings were mixed.

 Study III found no gender differences in physician visits and dental visits, despite women’s worse health and dental status. Marriage was associated with more physician visits for men and dentist visits for women. Results imply that women and unmarried older adults may have unmet health-care needs.

 Study IV examined whether the increase in life expectancy at age 65 observed between 1992 and 2002 consisted of years with or without musculoskeletal pain. Results showed that total years without pain decreased for both women and men, but more so for women. Women also had more years with pain added to life.

 The results of this thesis suggest an increase of health problems, but not disability, in the oldest Swedish population. However, gender variations in the findings highlight the importance of analyzing health trends separately for women and men.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Stockholm: Department of Social Work, Stockholm University, 2011. s. 90
Serie
Stockholm studies in social work, ISSN 0281-2851 ; 29
Nyckelord
oldest old, gender differences, health trends, disability, care utilization, healthy life expectancy, Sweden
Nationell ämneskategori
Socialt arbete
Forskningsämne
socialt arbete
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:su:diva-55282 (URN)978-91-7447-253-0 (ISBN)
Disputation
2011-04-08, Aula Svea, Socialhögskolan, Sveaplan, Stockholm, 09:00 (Svenska)
Opponent
Handledare
Anmärkning
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: In press. Paper 3: Manuscript. Paper 4: Submitted.Tillgänglig från: 2011-03-17 Skapad: 2011-03-07 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-02-24Bibliografiskt granskad

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Totalt: 196 träffar
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