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Review of moraine core dams and internal erosion
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Land and Water Resources Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering.
2008 (English)In: Dam Engineering, ISSN 0958-9341, Vol. 19, no 2, p. 99-121Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Embankment dams comprising broadly graded materials of glacial origin have in the past been identified as being prone to develop sinkholes more frequent than dams composed of materials of other origin. Sinkholes on the crest of a dam are many times an indicator of internal erosion. Internal erosion can initiate and continue to develop for many reasons, but mainly due to root causes coming from core/filter properties and interaction, possibly affected by the dam design and/or construction related reasons. In this paper a review is made on moraine core dams in the literature in relation to performance history of internal erosion. Dam data comprising 90 existing moraine core embankment dams has been compiled and assessed with objective to investigate the occurrence of indicative properties of dams that have developed internal erosion. The data set of dams consists predominately of Swedish dams, but it also includes moraine core dams located in the rest of Scandinavia, in North America, Russia and Australia. The investigation shows that a coarsely graded filter, grading instability of the core and filter, and high susceptibility for filter segregation are properties that are over-represented and possibly indicative for moraine (till) core dams with performance history of internal erosion.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Kent UK: Global Trade Media , 2008. Vol. 19, no 2, p. 99-121
Keywords [en]
Dams, internal erosion, moraine, till, filter, indicators
National Category
Mineral and Mine Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-14057OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-14057DiVA, id: diva2:329517
Note

QC 20100712

Available from: 2010-07-12 Created: 2010-07-12 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Predicting surfacing internal erosion in moraine core dams
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Predicting surfacing internal erosion in moraine core dams
2010 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Dams that comprise broadly and widely graded glacial materials, such as moraines, have been found to be susceptible to internal erosion, perhaps more than dams of other soil types. Internal erosion washes out fine-grained particles from the filling material; the erosion occurs within the material itself or at an interface to another dam zone, depending on the mode of initiation. Whether or not internal erosion proceeds depend on the adequacy of the filter material. If internal erosion is allowed, it may manifest itself as sinkholes on the crest, increased leakage and muddy seepage once it surfaces, which here is called surfacing internal erosion (i.e. internal erosion in the excessive erosion or continuation phase). In spite of significant developments since the 1980s in the field of internal erosion assessment, the validity of methods developed by others on broadly graded materials are still less clear because most available criteria are based on tests of narrowly graded granular soils. This thesis specifically addresses dams that are composed of broadly graded glacial soils and investigates typical indicators, signs and behaviors of internal erosion prone dams. Based on a review of 90+ existing moraine core dams, which are located mainly in Scandinavia as well as North America and Australia/New Zealand, this thesis will show that not only the filter’s coarseness needs to be reviewed when assessing the potential for internal erosion to surface (i.e., erosion in the excessive or continuing phase); in addition, the grading stability of the filter and the core material as well as non-homogeneities that are caused by filter segregation need to be studied. Cross-referencing between these aspects improves the assessment of potential for internal erosion in dams of broadly graded soils and furthermore it provides aid-to-judgment.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH, 2010. p. 58
Series
Trita-LWR. LIC, ISSN 1650-8629 ; 2050
Keywords
internal erosion, internal stability, filters, moraine core, embankment dams, sinkholes, internal erosion assessment
National Category
Mineral and Mine Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-14084 (URN)978-91-7415-699-7 (ISBN)
Presentation
2010-09-28, V1, Teknikringen 76, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note
QC 20100715Available from: 2010-07-15 Created: 2010-07-12 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved

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