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Beyond National Building Regulations: Exploring Public-Private Negotiations Over Sustainability Requirements
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Real Estate and Construction Management, Project Communication.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6934-4731
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Real Estate and Construction Management, Project Communication.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5744-9445
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Real Estate and Construction Management, Project Communication.
2019 (English)In: Proceedings of the 35th Annual ARCOM Conference, 2-4 September 2019, Leeds, UK, Association of Researchers in Construction Management / [ed] Gorse, C and Neilson, C J, 2019, p. 740-749Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Municipalities in Sweden govern construction projects on municipal land through requirements that sometimes go beyond national building regulations in order to advance sustainable building practices. The purpose of this paper is to explore the process of negotiating such project specific requirements for construction projects built by private housing developers on municipal land. The paper builds on a case study of an innovative urban development programme in Stockholm where interviews with private housing developers and municipal representatives and observations of meetings, seminars and forums were conducted. Emerging negotiations between the municipality and private housing developers over project specific requirements set by the municipality were explored and analysed using the concepts of product and process innovation. Findings reveal that housing developers try to remove or change those requirements that are considered to increase costs, increase risks and decrease the value of their final product. This paper illustrates how project requirements for construction projects on municipal land are dependent upon early phase negotiations between the municipality and housing developer.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2019. p. 740-749
Keywords [en]
municipality, innovation, sustainability, negotiations, procurement
National Category
Other Civil Engineering
Research subject
Real Estate and Construction Management
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-257763Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85077123775OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-257763DiVA, id: diva2:1348221
Conference
ARCOM Conference
Note

QC 20210913

Available from: 2019-09-03 Created: 2019-09-03 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Co-Developing Sustainability Requirements: Exploring client and municipal perspectives in housing development
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Co-Developing Sustainability Requirements: Exploring client and municipal perspectives in housing development
2020 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Construction has major environmental, social and economic impacts. Improving sustainability both during and after the construction process is widely discussed among a slew of practitioners, governments and researchers. Construction clients, such as housing developers, are considered key actors for change and innovation because of their position to set requirements when procuring construction projects. The process of developing project requirements has therefore mainly been studied during the construction clients’ procurement process. At the same time, municipalities use their position as land owners to drive sustainable development. Land allocation agreements allow municipalities to set project-specific sustainability requirements for construction projects on municipal land. The purpose of this thesis is to explore how municipal sustainability requirements affect housing developers when planning and designing their projects.

The research is based on a single empirical case study of an urban development programme comprising multiple parallel and sequential housing construction projects. In this study, the municipality’s and housing developers’ perspectives are explored. The results demonstrate that the housing developers perceive several barriers to implementing municipal sustainability requirements. The three main barriers that were identified are reduced flexibility coupled with uncertainty, conflicting interests coupled with reduced autonomy and interdependencies, and a lack of trust and transparency coupled with interdependencies. The municipal sustainability requirements are initially developed by the municipality for the land allocation agreement. They are then co-developed further by the municipality and the housing developers together through negotiations before being finalised in conjunction with the developers’ procurement process.

The study is focused on the period following the housing developers’ signing of land allocation agreements with the municipality and before starting their procurement process. During this period, the housing developers attempt to negotiate municipal sustainability requirements that they anticipate will increase costs, risk and uncertainty and decrease the value of their final product. Negotiations between the housing developers and the municipality can be viewed as value co-creation processes stimulated by functional conflict. These findings build on three papers that are included in the thesis.

Contributions are made to literature on the role of construction clients and their perceived barriers to implementing and developing sustainable construction solutions and practices and barriers to change in general. Theoretical contributions are also made to literature on value co-creation in construction by illustrating how clients engage in the co-creation of value with municipalities and other clients. Finally, the theoretical link between value co-creation and functional conflict is studied and developed. 

Abstract [sv]

Byggandethar stora miljömässiga, sociala och ekonomiska effekter. Hållbar utvecklingbåde under och efter byggprocessen diskuterasblandrepresentanter förindustrin, politikeroch forskare. Byggherrar,till exempel i rollensom bostadsutvecklare, anses vara viktiga aktörer för förändring och innovation på grund av deras positionatt ställa krav vid upphandling av byggprojekt. Processen föratt utveckla projektkrav har därför huvudsakligen studerats under byggherrensupphandlingsprocess. Samtidigt använder kommunersin position som markägare för att driva hållbar utveckling genom att utmana den privata sektorn. Markanvisningargör det möjligt för kommunerna att ställa projektspecifika hållbarhetskravför byggprojekt på kommunal mark. Syftet med denna studieär att undersöka hur kommunala hållbarhetskravpåverkar bostadsutvecklare när de planerar och utformar sina projekt.Resultatenär baseradepå en empirisk fallstudie av ett stadsutvecklingsprojekt innehållandeflera parallella och sekventiella bostadsprojekt. I denna studie undersöks undersöks bådekommunens och bostadsutvecklarnas perspektiv. Resultaten visar att bostadsutvecklarnauppfattar ett antal hinder för att genomföra kommunala hållbarhetskrav. De tre största hindrensom identifierats är minskad flexibilitet i kombination med osäkerhet, intressekonflikteri kombination med minskad autonomi och beroende av andra aktöreroch brist på förtroende och öppenhet i kombination med beroende av andra aktörer. De kommunala hållbarhetskraven utvecklasinitialtav kommunen för markanvisningsavtalen. De utvecklas sedan vidare av kommunen och bostadsutvecklarna tillsammans genom förhandlingar. Slutligen konkretiseras deisamband medbostadsutvecklarnas upphandlingsprocess. Studien fokuserar på perioden frånatt bostadsutvecklarna tecknatmarkanvisningsavtal med kommunen meninnan deras upphandlingav entreprenörer påbörjats. Under denna periodförsöker bostadsutvecklarna förhandla ner de kommunala hållbarhetskrav som de förutser kommer öka deras kostnader, risk och osäkerhetsamtminska värdet på deras slutprodukt. Förhandlingarna mellan bostadsutvecklarna och kommunen kan ses som värdesamskapande processer drivna av funktionella konflikter. Dessa resultat bygger på tre artiklar som ingår i avhandlingen.Bidrag görs till litteraturen ombyggherrensroll och dessupplevda hinder för att implementera ochutveckla hållbara lösningar och praxis och hinder för förändring. Teoretiska bidrag görs också till litteraturenom värdesamskapande inom bygggenom att illustrera hur byggherrarharvärdesamskapandeprocesser tillsammansmed kommuner och andra byggherrar. Slutligen studerasoch utvecklas den teoretiska kopplingen mellan värdesamskapande och funktionell konflikt.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2020. p. 48
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2015
Keywords
Sustainability requirements, housing developers, municipalities, land allocation, functional conflict, value co-creation
National Category
Construction Management
Research subject
Real Estate and Construction Management
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-272246 (URN)978-91-7873-534-1 (ISBN)
Presentation
2020-06-10, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/66045421296, Du som saknar dator/datorvana kan kontakta abukar.warsame@abe.kth.se för information/Use the e-mail address if you need technical assistance, Stockholm (English), Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20200507

Available from: 2020-05-07 Created: 2020-04-20 Last updated: 2022-06-26Bibliographically approved

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